ES2056841T3 - Fluorofosfitos aromaticos antioxidantes. - Google Patents
Fluorofosfitos aromaticos antioxidantes.Info
- Publication number
- ES2056841T3 ES2056841T3 ES88101945T ES88101945T ES2056841T3 ES 2056841 T3 ES2056841 T3 ES 2056841T3 ES 88101945 T ES88101945 T ES 88101945T ES 88101945 T ES88101945 T ES 88101945T ES 2056841 T3 ES2056841 T3 ES 2056841T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- aromatic
- antioxidants
- fluorophosphites
- alomo
- aromatic fluorophosphites
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 title 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/16—Esters of thiophosphoric acids or thiophosphorous acids
- C07F9/201—Esters of thiophosphorus acids
- C07F9/206—Esters of thiophosphorus acids containing P-halide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
- C07F9/146—Esters of phosphorous acids containing P-halide groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
LOS MATERIALES ORGANICOS NORMALMENTE SOMETIDOS A DEGRADACION EN PRESENCIA DE OXIGENO SE ESTABILIZAN POR INCLUSION DE UN FLUOROFOSFITO AROMATICO QUE TIENE, AL MENOS, UN GRUPO BENCENO LIGADO A TRAVES DE UN OXIGENO AL FOSFORO, Y, AL MENOS, UN ATOMO DE FLUOR LIGADO DIRECTAMENTE AL MISMO FOSFORO. LA ESTABILIZACION SE MEJORA TAMBIEN INCLUYENDO UN ANTIOXIDANTE FENOLICO CONVENCIONAL. MUCHOS DE LOS FLUOROFOSFITOS AROMATICOS SON COMPUESTOS NUEVOS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/020,023 US4912155A (en) | 1987-02-27 | 1987-02-27 | Antioxidant aromatic fluorophosphites |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2056841T3 true ES2056841T3 (es) | 1994-10-16 |
Family
ID=21796322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES88101945T Expired - Lifetime ES2056841T3 (es) | 1987-02-27 | 1988-02-10 | Fluorofosfitos aromaticos antioxidantes. |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4912155A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0280938B1 (es) |
| JP (2) | JPH072756B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR900009032B1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN88100675A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA1303624C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE3850143T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2056841T3 (es) |
Families Citing this family (59)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5061818A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1991-10-29 | Ethyl Corporation | Process for transhalogenating a halophosphorus compound with fluoride |
| US4910324A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1990-03-20 | Ethyl Corporation | Method of transhalogenating a halophosphorus compound with fluoride |
| US4962144B1 (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1998-03-24 | Gen Electric | Composition |
| DE69014028T2 (de) * | 1989-08-28 | 1995-05-04 | Chisso Corp | Kristalline Polyolefinmischung. |
| US5128066A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1992-07-07 | Ethyl Corporation | Antioxidant aromatic fluorophosphites |
| JP3082333B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-03 | 2000-08-28 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | 安定化ポリオレフィン組成物 |
| US5292785A (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1994-03-08 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Bis-phosphite stabilized compositions |
| US5391799A (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1995-02-21 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Process for the preparation 6-chloro-2,4,8,10-tetra-butyldibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphoshepin |
| US5326803A (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-07-05 | General Electric Company | Organohydrogen polysiloxane coated phosphites |
| US5559167A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1996-09-24 | General Electric Company | Gamma irradiated thermoplastics and articles |
| DE69408935T2 (de) * | 1993-10-29 | 1998-07-30 | Montell North America Inc | Piperidinylphosphitzusammensetzungen und Polyolefinzusammensetzungen die diese enthalten |
| US5475042A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1995-12-12 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Cyclic pyrophosphites and compositions stabilized therewith |
| US6521681B1 (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 2003-02-18 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Phenol-free stabilization of polyolefin fibres |
| US5688847A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1997-11-18 | Witco Corporation | Polycyclic fluorophosphites useful as stabilizers |
| US5659060A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1997-08-19 | Witco Corporation | Process for making aryl fluorophosphites useful as stabilizers |
| US5840647A (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 1998-11-24 | Eastman Chemical Company | Hydroformylation process using novel phosphite-metal catalyst system |
| AUPP016197A0 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 1997-11-27 | Sola International Holdings Ltd | Improved ophthalmic lens |
| CN1263606A (zh) | 1998-06-04 | 2000-08-16 | 索拉国际控股有限公司 | 成形的眼科透镜 |
| US6130358A (en) | 1998-10-16 | 2000-10-10 | Eastman Chemical Company | Hydroformylation process using novel phosphite-metal catalyst system |
| US6693219B2 (en) | 2001-06-02 | 2004-02-17 | Eastman Chemical Company | Epoxide stabilization of fluorophosphite-metal catalyst system in a hydroformylation process |
| US20030147972A1 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-07 | Christopher W. Denver | Method and composition for diminishing loss of color in flavors and fragrances |
| US6995292B2 (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2006-02-07 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for reducing fluoride impurities resulting from use of fluorophosphite catalysts |
| US6846960B2 (en) | 2002-09-16 | 2005-01-25 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for reducing fluoride impurities resulting from use of fluorophosphite catalysts |
| US7134752B2 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2006-11-14 | Sola International Holdings Ltd. | Shaped non-corrective eyewear lenses and methods for providing same |
| AU2006301940B2 (en) | 2005-10-12 | 2012-03-29 | Carl Zeiss Vision Australia Holdings Limited | Ophthalmic lens element for myopia correction |
| BRPI0716719B1 (pt) * | 2006-09-15 | 2018-07-03 | Carl Zeiss Vision Australia Holdings Limited | Elemento de lente oftálmica, série de elementos de lente oftálmica, e, método de preparar ou projetar um elemento lente oftálmica |
| US7586010B2 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2009-09-08 | Eastman Chemical Company | Phosphonite-containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes |
| TWI467266B (zh) | 2007-10-23 | 2015-01-01 | 視覺Crc有限公司 | 眼科鏡片元件 |
| US7872157B2 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2011-01-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Phosphonite containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes |
| US7872156B2 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2011-01-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Fluorophosphite containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes |
| US20100069679A1 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Acetylene tolerant hydroformylation catalysts |
| US7928267B1 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2011-04-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Phosphite containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes |
| US8513468B2 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2013-08-20 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for removing degradation acids from hydroformylation reactions |
| US10472378B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-11-12 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Transparent film |
| US9550179B1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-01-24 | Eastman Chemical Company | Hydroformylation catalyst |
| WO2020247192A1 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2020-12-10 | Eastman Chemical Company | Recycle content cracked effluent |
| WO2020242921A1 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2020-12-03 | Eastman Chemical Company | Recycle content cellulose ester |
| EP3976734A4 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2023-03-15 | Eastman Chemical Company | CRACKING A C4-C7 FRACTION OF PYROLYTIC OIL |
| US11365357B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2022-06-21 | Eastman Chemical Company | Cracking C8+ fraction of pyoil |
| CN113993977B (zh) | 2019-05-24 | 2024-09-13 | 伊士曼化工公司 | 进入气体裂化器中加工的液体流中混入少量热解油 |
| US12534590B2 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2026-01-27 | Eastman Chemical Company | Recycle content cyclobutane diol polyester |
| US12338211B2 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2025-06-24 | Eastman Chemical Company | Recycle content (C4)alkanal |
| US20220281796A1 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2022-09-08 | Eastman Chemical Company | Recycle content (c4)alkanoic acid |
| KR20220041177A (ko) | 2019-07-29 | 2022-03-31 | 이스트만 케미칼 컴파니 | 열분해 및 가메탄올분해로부터의 재활용된 단량체를 갖는 폴리에스테르의 제조 방법 |
| US11319262B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2022-05-03 | Eastman Chemical Company | Processes and systems for making recycle content hydrocarbons |
| WO2021087057A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Eastman Chemical Company | Pyrolysis method and system for recycled waste |
| US12528995B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2026-01-20 | ExxonMobil Product Solutions Company | Pyrolysis method and system for recycled waste |
| US11945998B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2024-04-02 | Eastman Chemical Company | Processes and systems for making recycle content hydrocarbons |
| EP4054996A4 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2024-03-27 | Eastman Chemical Company | Recycle content oxo alcohols & oxo plasticizers |
| EP4055001A4 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2024-02-14 | Eastman Chemical Company | MIXED ESTERS AND SOLVENTS WITH RECYCLED CONTENTS |
| CN118851872A (zh) | 2019-11-07 | 2024-10-29 | 伊士曼化工公司 | 回收成分丙醇 |
| KR20220093368A (ko) | 2019-11-07 | 2022-07-05 | 이스트만 케미칼 컴파니 | 재활용물 알파 올레핀 및 지방 알코올 |
| EP4103378A4 (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2024-10-30 | Eastman Chemical Company | CHEMICAL RECYCLING OF TREATED MIXED PLASTIC WASTE STREAMS |
| CN115052732A (zh) | 2020-02-10 | 2022-09-13 | 伊士曼化工公司 | 溶剂分解二醇塔底副产物流的化学回收 |
| KR20220141323A (ko) | 2020-02-10 | 2022-10-19 | 이스트만 케미칼 컴파니 | 가용매분해 부산물 스트림의 화학적 재활용 |
| CN112159702B (zh) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-10-14 | 安徽中天石化股份有限公司 | 一种用于汽车烤漆房的传动链润滑油及其制备方法 |
| CN113444527A (zh) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 江苏品和石油科技有限公司 | 一种锂离子隔膜成孔油用抗氧化安定剂生产制备方法 |
| US20250019334A1 (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2025-01-16 | North Carolina State University | Hydroformylation process for preparing linear and branched aldehydes |
| US12195674B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 | 2025-01-14 | Eastman Chemical Company | Using spent caustic solution from pygas treatment to neutralize halogens from liquified waste plastic |
Family Cites Families (54)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1892990A (en) * | 1929-06-27 | 1933-01-03 | Beck Koller & Company Inc | Process for the preparation of alkyl substituted aromatic hydroxyl compounds |
| US1972599A (en) * | 1932-07-22 | 1934-09-04 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of making tertiary alkyl phenols |
| US2008032A (en) * | 1933-03-28 | 1935-07-16 | Rohm & Haas | Method of producing substituted phenols |
| US2202877A (en) * | 1937-04-12 | 1940-06-04 | Gulf Oil Corp | Antioxidants and petroleum oils containing the same |
| US2394754A (en) * | 1938-11-23 | 1946-02-12 | Gen Electric | Substituted phenols |
| US2315556A (en) * | 1939-03-30 | 1943-04-06 | United Gas Improvement Co | Process for producing hydroxydiaryl substituted ethane |
| US2313782A (en) * | 1941-10-31 | 1943-03-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Substituted phenol |
| US2364338A (en) * | 1942-04-15 | 1944-12-05 | Monsanto Chemicals | Preservation of rubber |
| US2469469A (en) * | 1946-06-18 | 1949-05-10 | Texas Co | Oxidation inhibitors |
| FR959564A (es) * | 1947-01-25 | 1950-03-31 | ||
| US2538355A (en) * | 1949-07-25 | 1951-01-16 | American Cyanamid Co | 2, 2'-alkylene bis-4, 6-dialkyl phenols as rubber stabilizers |
| US2714120A (en) * | 1950-05-23 | 1955-07-26 | Goodrich Co B F | Method of preparing aralkylated phenolic compounds |
| US2836609A (en) * | 1955-03-21 | 1958-05-27 | Ethyl Corp | Stabilized fuel antiknock |
| US2807653A (en) * | 1955-09-23 | 1957-09-24 | Ethyl Corp | Production of bis-phenols |
| US2836577A (en) * | 1955-09-23 | 1958-05-27 | Ethyl Corp | Stabilized polymeric compositions |
| US2905674A (en) * | 1956-10-17 | 1959-09-22 | Ethyl Corp | Method for preparing 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetraalkyl-4, 4'-diphenoquinones |
| US3014950A (en) * | 1958-12-15 | 1961-12-26 | Monsanto Chemicals | Aromatic di-functional phosphorus esters |
| US3069348A (en) * | 1959-07-22 | 1962-12-18 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Multi-stage, multi-zone static bed reforming process and apparatus therefor |
| US3062896A (en) * | 1959-09-28 | 1962-11-06 | Shell Oil Co | Polyphenol preparation |
| US3060121A (en) * | 1960-04-04 | 1962-10-23 | Ethyl Corp | Antioxidants |
| US3093587A (en) * | 1960-05-17 | 1963-06-11 | Ethyl Corp | Organic material containing cyclohexyl phenols as antioxidants |
| US3146273A (en) * | 1960-07-28 | 1964-08-25 | Ethyl Corp | Stabilized organic material |
| US3065275A (en) * | 1960-09-01 | 1962-11-20 | Ethyl Corp | Preparation of organic compounds |
| BE624206A (es) * | 1961-10-30 | |||
| NL284737A (es) * | 1961-10-31 | |||
| US3281506A (en) * | 1962-08-31 | 1966-10-25 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Secondary phosphites and process for manufacture thereof |
| US3367980A (en) * | 1965-07-15 | 1968-02-06 | Ethyl Corp | Preparation of alkylidene bisphenols |
| US3475520A (en) * | 1966-02-17 | 1969-10-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Phosphorus difluoride derivatives and production thereof |
| GB1133405A (en) * | 1966-05-26 | 1968-11-13 | Ethyl Corp | A process for the production of bisphenols |
| USB344944I5 (es) * | 1966-09-16 | |||
| US3531483A (en) * | 1968-10-25 | 1970-09-29 | Goodrich Co B F | Hydroxyphenylalkyleneyl isocyanurates |
| US3702878A (en) * | 1969-12-31 | 1972-11-14 | Sanko Chemical Co Ltd | Cyclic organophosphorus compounds and process for making same |
| SU398574A1 (ru) * | 1972-04-11 | 1973-09-27 | Способ стабилизации полифениленовых эфиров | |
| US4032602A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1977-06-28 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Process for the production of phosphite chlorides |
| GB1589611A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1981-05-13 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Phosphorothionate derivatives and their use in lubricants |
| DE2733796A1 (de) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-02-02 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Neue gehinderte phosphite |
| US4094855A (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-06-13 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Hindered phenyl phosphites |
| DE2960925D1 (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1981-12-17 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Dioxaphosphepines, their preparation and use as stabilisers for organic materials |
| SU787412A1 (ru) * | 1979-01-04 | 1980-12-15 | Казанский Химико-Технологический Институт Им. С.М.Кирова | Способ получени циклических арилхлорфосфитов |
| US4233207A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1980-11-11 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Hydrolytically stable ortho-alkylated phenyl phosphonites and stabilized compositions |
| JPS5699246A (en) * | 1980-01-10 | 1981-08-10 | Adeka Argus Chem Co Ltd | Stabilized synthetic resin composition |
| SU859369A1 (ru) * | 1980-01-15 | 1981-08-30 | Волгоградское производственное объединение "Химпром" | Способ получени циклических арилхлорфосфитов |
| US4318845A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-03-09 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Alkanolamine esters of 1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diyl-and alkylidene-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diyl-cyclic phosphites |
| US4374219A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1983-02-15 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Alkanolamine ester of 1,1-biphenyl-2,2-diyl-and alkylidene-1,1-biphenyl-2,2-diyl-cyclic phosphites |
| US4522735A (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-06-11 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Polyphosphoramidite oligomers and stabilizer compositions thereof |
| US4867907A (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1989-09-19 | Ethyl Corporation | Aqueous aryl fluorophosphite suspension |
| US5061818A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1991-10-29 | Ethyl Corporation | Process for transhalogenating a halophosphorus compound with fluoride |
| US4929745A (en) * | 1988-08-01 | 1990-05-29 | Ehtyl Corporation | Transhalogenation of halophosphorus compounds |
| US5049691A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1991-09-17 | Ethyl Corporation | Process for transhalogenating a halophosphorous compound with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride |
| US5136075A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1992-08-04 | Ethyl Corporation | Process for transhalogenating a halophosphorus compound with fluoride |
| US4962144B1 (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1998-03-24 | Gen Electric | Composition |
| WO1992004404A2 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-19 | The B.F. Goodrich Company | Thermooxidative stabilization of polyolefins with an oxo-piperazinyl-triazine and a phosphorous acid ester |
| GB9114430D0 (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1991-08-21 | Sandoz Ltd | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
| US5688847A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1997-11-18 | Witco Corporation | Polycyclic fluorophosphites useful as stabilizers |
-
1987
- 1987-02-27 US US07/020,023 patent/US4912155A/en not_active Ceased
-
1988
- 1988-01-29 CA CA000557712A patent/CA1303624C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-10 ES ES88101945T patent/ES2056841T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-10 EP EP88101945A patent/EP0280938B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-10 DE DE3850143T patent/DE3850143T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-02-26 CN CN198888100675A patent/CN88100675A/zh active Pending
- 1988-02-26 KR KR1019880002003A patent/KR900009032B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1988-02-26 JP JP63044087A patent/JPH072756B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-06-13 US US07/714,441 patent/USRE36128E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-08-23 JP JP6219624A patent/JPH07188262A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3850143D1 (de) | 1994-07-21 |
| EP0280938B1 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
| JPH07188262A (ja) | 1995-07-25 |
| US4912155A (en) | 1990-03-27 |
| JPH072756B2 (ja) | 1995-01-18 |
| JPS63227594A (ja) | 1988-09-21 |
| USRE36128E (en) | 1999-03-02 |
| KR900009032B1 (ko) | 1990-12-17 |
| DE3850143T2 (de) | 1994-09-22 |
| EP0280938A1 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
| CA1303624C (en) | 1992-06-16 |
| CN88100675A (zh) | 1988-11-09 |
| KR880009976A (ko) | 1988-10-06 |
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