ES2070219T5 - Uso de polifluoroalcanos de c3 a c5 como gases de expansion. - Google Patents

Uso de polifluoroalcanos de c3 a c5 como gases de expansion.

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Publication number
ES2070219T5
ES2070219T5 ES90114011T ES90114011T ES2070219T5 ES 2070219 T5 ES2070219 T5 ES 2070219T5 ES 90114011 T ES90114011 T ES 90114011T ES 90114011 T ES90114011 T ES 90114011T ES 2070219 T5 ES2070219 T5 ES 2070219T5
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
gases
hline
expansion
expansion gases
foams
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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ES90114011T
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English (en)
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ES2070219T3 (es
Inventor
Claus-Dieter Dr. Sommerfeld
Wilhelm Dr. Lamberts
Dietmar Dr. Bielefeldt
Albrecht Dr. Marhold
Michael Dr. Negele
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Publication of ES2070219T3 publication Critical patent/ES2070219T3/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2070219T5 publication Critical patent/ES2070219T5/es
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50Solvents
    • C11D7/5004Organic solvents
    • C11D7/5018Halogenated solvents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/143Halogen containing compounds
    • C08J9/144Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
    • C08J9/146Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/30Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2207/00Foams characterised by their intended use
    • C08J2207/04Aerosol, e.g. polyurethane foam spray
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04Polyurethanes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S521/00Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S521/902Cellular polymer containing an isocyanurate structure

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

EL INVENTO SE REFIERE A POLIFLUOROALCANOS DE FORMULA CX3-C42-R QUE SE PRESENTAN EN FORMA INDIVIDUAL O EN MEZCLAS Y SE UTILIZAN COMO GASES IMPUOSORES PARA SPRAYS DE APLICACION EN COSMETICA Y MEDICINA Y SE EMPLEAN EN LA INDUSTRIA ELECTRONICA COMO LIMPIADORES Y/O DESENGRASADORES. SIENDO R CH2F, CH3, CHF2, CF2-CH3, CF2-CH2F, CH2-CH3, CH2-CH2-CH3 O -CH(CH3-CH3); X HIDROGENO O FLUOR E Y HIDROGENO, FLUOR Y/O CF3.

Description

Uso de polifluoroalcanos de C_{3} a C_{5} como gases de expansión.
La presente invención se refiere al uso de polifluoroalcanos C_{3} a C_{5} conteniendo al menos dos átomos de flúor como gases de expansión durante la fabricación de espumas plásticas.
Con el objetivo mencionado, lo usual es emplear como gases de expansión los fluoroclorohidracarburos como por ejemplo triclorofluorometano, diclorodifluorometano y triclorofluoretano. Según investigaciones recientes, el contenido el cloro de los gases de expansión convencionales es perjudicial para la capa de ozono de la atmósfera terrestre (ver J.F.D. Mills, Cell. Polym. 5, 343 (1987) y F.S. Rowland y col., Nature 239, 8 (1974)), por lo que se ha impuesto limitaciones a la cantidad durante la fabricación de fluoroclorohidrocarburos. Existe por tanto la necesidad de disponer de gases de expansión libre de cloro.
Según el documento US-A 3 369 913 se conoce una mezcla autoespumante de alimentos que se conserva bajo presión en un contenedor aerosol; la mezcla consta principalmente de un alimento que se administra desde un aerosol y 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropano. Un ejemplo de tal alimento es la nata montada.
Según el documento DE-A 1 542 076 se conoce una mezcla de agentes de expansión para aerosoles que contiene al menos dos hidrocarburos halogenados distintos de bajo tamaño molecular, que presentan parámetros físicos distintos.
Según el documento EP-A 134 666 se conoce un procedimiento para elaborar espumas aislantes de la electricidad, que presentan una merma mínima bajo frecuencias de microondas y que se espuman con compuestos flúor-carbono libres de hidrógeno.
A partir en todos estos documentos no se pueden obtener detalles sobre las propiedades termoaislantes de los productos a emplean según esta invención.
Se ha encontrado ahora, que los polifluoralcanos de fórmula CX_{3} - CY_{2} - R\eqnum{(I)} que contienen de 3 a 7, sobre todo de 4 a 6 átomos de flúor, y
en los que X_{3}, Y_{2} y R estén presentes en una de las combinaciones que se muestran en la tabla 1
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}\hline 
X _{3}   \+ Y _{2}  \+ R \\\hline  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+ CH _{2} F
\\  F _{3}   \+ HF  \+ CH _{2} F \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CHF _{2}  \\  HF _{2}   \+ F _{2}   \+ CH _{2} F \\  F _{3}   \+ HF 
\+ CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ F _{2}   \+
CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ HF  \+
CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CF _{2} -CFH _{2}  \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CH _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  H _{3}   \+ F _{2}   \+
CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ HCF _{3}   \+
CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CH _{2} -CH _{2} -CH _{3}  \\ 
F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
-CH(CH _{3} )-CH _{3} ) \\  F _{3}   \+
H _{2}   \+ CF _{3} 
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
pueden utilizarse ventajosamente como únicos gases de expansión en la fabricación de espumas basadas en polietilenos, polivinilcloruros y condensados fenol-formaldehido.
La elaboración de los polifluoroalcanos a emplear de acuerdo con la invención es conocida (véase por ejemplo Zh. Org. Khim. 1980, 1401-1408 y 1982, 946 y 1168; Zh. Org. Khim. 1988, 1558; J. Chem. Soc. Perk. 1, 1980, 2258; J. Chem. Soc. Perk. Trans. 2, 1983, 1713; J. Chem. Soc. C, 1969, 1739; Chem. Soc. 1949, 2860; Zh. Anal. Khim, 1981, 36 (6), 1125; J. Fluorine Chem, 1979, 325, Izv, Akad, Nauk, SSSR, Scr. Khim. 1980, 2117 (ruso); Rosz. Chem. 1974 (48), 1967 y J.A.C.S. 67, 1195 (1945), 72, 3577 (1950) y 76, 2343 (1954)).
Los gases de expansión a emplear de acuerdo con la invención, son particularmente adecuados en la fabricación de espumas de plástico, pudiéndose emplear compuestos simples o mezclas de compuestos.
La fabricación de espumas de plástico empleando gases de expansión es por todos conocida. En la fabricación de espumas de estructura celular cerrada los gases de expansión también pueden resultar útiles como gases celulares calorífugos. Este también es el caso de los gases de expansión a emplear de acuerdo con la invención.
Los productos obtenidos de acuerdo con la invención encuentran su aplicación p. ej. como placas insonorizadoras para el aislamiento de tejados.
Durante la fabricación de espumas, los gases de expansión a emplear de acuerdo con la invención se pueden emplear en cantidades de por ejemplo 1 a 30% en peso, preferentemente 2 a 10% en peso, con respecto a la espuma.
Las espumas que fueron fabricadas con los gases de expansión a emplear de acuerdo con la invención, se caracterizan porque en comparación con las espumas convencionales y para una estructura celular parecida o prácticamente igual, su fabricación, utilización y desecho correspondiente a la proporción de gas de expansión acorde con la invención, no influye negativamente sobre la capa de ozono de la atmósfera terrestre.
Una posible aplicación adicional de los polifluoroalcanos de fórmula (I) es su uso como desengrasantes y/o detergentes en la industria eléctrica. También en este caso se pueden emplear compuestos simples, mezclas de compuestos y mezclas de compuestos de fórmula (I) con desengrasantes y detergentes convencionales.

Claims (3)

1. Uso de polifluoroalcanos de fórmula CX_{3} - CY_{2} - R\eqnum{(I)} que contienen de 3 a 7 átomos de flúor, en los que X_{3}, Y_{2} y R están presentes en una de las combinaciones siguientes:
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}\hline 
X _{3}   \+  Y _{2}   \+ R \\\hline  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CH _{2} F \\  F _{3}   \+ HF  \+ CH _{2} F \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}  
\+ CHF _{2}  \\  HF _{2}   \+ F _{2}   \+ CH _{2} F \\  F _{3}   \+
HF  \+ CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ F _{2}   \+
CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ HF  \+
CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CF _{2} -CFH _{2}  \\  X _{3}   \+ Y _{2}   \+ R \\ 
F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+ CH _{2} -CH _{3}  \\ 
H _{3}   \+ F _{2}   \+ CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\ 
F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+ CF _{2} -CH _{3}  \\ 
F _{3}   \+ HCF _{3}   \+ CH _{3}  \\  F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
CH _{2} -CH _{2} -CH _{3}  \\ 
F _{3}   \+ H _{2}   \+
-CH(CH _{3} )-CH _{3} ) \\  F _{3}   \+
H _{2}   \+ CF _{3} 
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
como únicos gases de expansión para espumas de plástico de estructura celular cerrada basadas en poliestirenos, polivinilcloruros o condensados fenol-formaldehído.
2. Uso según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque se utilizan compuestos simples de la reivindicación 1 o mezclas de compuestos de la reivindicación 1.
3. Uso de los polifluoroalcanos de la reivindicación 1 como desengrasantes y/o detergentes en la industria eléctrica.
ES90114011T 1989-02-04 1990-01-23 Uso de polifluoroalcanos de c3 a c5 como gases de expansion. Expired - Lifetime ES2070219T5 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3903336 1989-02-04
DE3903336A DE3903336A1 (de) 1989-02-04 1989-02-04 Verwendung von c(pfeil abwaerts)3(pfeil abwaerts)- bis c(pfeil abwaerts)5(pfeil abwaerts)-polyfluoralkanen als treibgase

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2070219T3 ES2070219T3 (es) 1995-06-01
ES2070219T5 true ES2070219T5 (es) 2004-01-16

Family

ID=6373427

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES90101260T Expired - Lifetime ES2063174T3 (es) 1989-02-04 1990-01-23 Empleo de polifluoralcanos con 3 a 5 atomos de carbono como gases propulsantes.
ES90114011T Expired - Lifetime ES2070219T5 (es) 1989-02-04 1990-01-23 Uso de polifluoroalcanos de c3 a c5 como gases de expansion.

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES90101260T Expired - Lifetime ES2063174T3 (es) 1989-02-04 1990-01-23 Empleo de polifluoralcanos con 3 a 5 atomos de carbono como gases propulsantes.

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (4) US5496866B1 (es)
EP (2) EP0405615B2 (es)
JP (4) JP2901682B2 (es)
AT (2) ATE104692T1 (es)
CA (1) CA2009169C (es)
DE (3) DE3903336A1 (es)
DK (2) DK0381986T3 (es)
ES (2) ES2063174T3 (es)
FI (1) FI115220B (es)
NO (2) NO180420C (es)

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DE3903336A1 (de) 1990-08-09
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ES2070219T3 (es) 1995-06-01
EP0405615A2 (de) 1991-01-02
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NO20006477D0 (no) 2000-12-19
ATE104692T1 (de) 1994-05-15
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JPH02235982A (ja) 1990-09-18
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US5496866A (en) 1996-03-05
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CA2009169C (en) 2000-08-29
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US5646196A (en) 1997-07-08
US5496866B1 (en) 1998-04-14
US5496867A (en) 1996-03-05
NO180420B (no) 1997-01-06
ATE120792T1 (de) 1995-04-15
DE59008827D1 (de) 1995-05-11
JP2901682B2 (ja) 1999-06-07
NO900273D0 (no) 1990-01-19
DK0381986T3 (da) 1994-08-08
JPH1088116A (ja) 1998-04-07
FI115220B (fi) 2005-03-31
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EP0405615B1 (de) 1995-04-05
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US5624970A (en) 1997-04-29
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NO20006477L (no) 1990-08-06

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