ES2072390T3 - Composiciones lubricantes mejoradas sin cenizas para motores de combustion interna. - Google Patents
Composiciones lubricantes mejoradas sin cenizas para motores de combustion interna.Info
- Publication number
- ES2072390T3 ES2072390T3 ES90303529T ES90303529T ES2072390T3 ES 2072390 T3 ES2072390 T3 ES 2072390T3 ES 90303529 T ES90303529 T ES 90303529T ES 90303529 T ES90303529 T ES 90303529T ES 2072390 T3 ES2072390 T3 ES 2072390T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- sulfurated
- ash
- internal combustion
- combustion engines
- lubricant compositions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 AZOLINE COMPOUND Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/86—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M129/92—Carboxylic acids
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/86—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M129/95—Esters
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
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- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
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- C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
- C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
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- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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- C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
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- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
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- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/16—Reaction products obtained by Mannich reactions
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- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
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- C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
- C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
DE ACUERDO CON LA PRESENTE INVENCION, SE PROVEEN COMPOSICIONES DE ACEITE LUBRICANTE PARA MOTORES DIESEL QUE NO PRODUCE HOLLIN PESADO, LA CUAL COMPRENDE UN ACEITE VISCOSO PARA LUBRICAR COMO MAYOR COMPONENTE Y (A) AL MENOS 2% DE PESO DE AL MENOS UN DISPERSANTE DE HOLLIN DE GRAN PESO MOLECULAR, (B) UNA CANTIDAD ANTI OXIDANTE EFECTIVA DE AL MENOS UN MATERIAL ANTI OXIDANTE SOLUBLE EN ACEITE, Y (C) UNA CANTIDAD EFECTIVA INHIBIDORA DE CORROSION DE AL MENOS UN COMPUESTO AZOL O AZOLINA ORGANO SULFURADO, EN DONDE EL ACEITE LUBRICANTE SE CARACTERIZA POR UN NIVEL DE CENIZA (SASH) SULFURADAS DE MENOS DE 0,01 % DE PESO.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US33286089A | 1989-04-03 | 1989-04-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2072390T3 true ES2072390T3 (es) | 1995-07-16 |
Family
ID=23300163
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES90303529T Expired - Lifetime ES2072390T3 (es) | 1989-04-03 | 1990-04-02 | Composiciones lubricantes mejoradas sin cenizas para motores de combustion interna. |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0391649B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2975043B2 (es) |
| AR (1) | AR246762A1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE122711T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU622785B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9001514A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2013545C (es) |
| DD (1) | DD295394A5 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69019413T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2072390T3 (es) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0785248A1 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1997-07-23 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. | Electro rheological fluid |
| JP3500445B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-06 | 2004-02-23 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 |
| GB9413005D0 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1994-08-17 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Luybricating oil compositions or concentrates therefor providing enhanced water-shedding properties |
| GB9503994D0 (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1995-04-19 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Lubricating oil compositons |
| GB9503993D0 (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1995-04-19 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Lubricating oil compositions |
| EP1340804B1 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2016-11-16 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil compositions |
| EP1340803A1 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-03 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil compositions |
| EP1602709B1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2011-12-28 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Use of additives in lubricating oil |
| EP1824950A1 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2007-08-29 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Corrosion inhibition |
| TR201909324T4 (tr) * | 2005-03-21 | 2019-07-22 | Basf Se | Yanmalı motorlarda kullanıma yönelik aşınma karşıtı yağlayıcı bileşimler. |
| KR101435701B1 (ko) | 2007-03-28 | 2014-09-01 | 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 윤활유 조성물 |
| EP2408884B1 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2016-11-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Anthranilic esters as additives in lubricants |
| JP2009197245A (ja) * | 2009-06-08 | 2009-09-03 | Tonengeneral Sekiyu Kk | 潤滑油組成物 |
| JP2011190331A (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 潤滑油組成物 |
| US8911542B2 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2014-12-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Anti-corrosive compositions |
| CN102504915A (zh) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-06-20 | 天津市澳路浦润滑油有限公司 | 内燃机润滑油添加剂组合物 |
| JP6247821B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-12-13 | 出光興産株式会社 | アルミ合金製エンジン用潤滑油組成物及び潤滑方法 |
| JP6247822B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-12-13 | 出光興産株式会社 | アルミ合金製エンジン用潤滑油組成物及び潤滑方法 |
| JP6247820B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-12-13 | 出光興産株式会社 | アルミ合金製エンジン用潤滑油組成物及び潤滑方法 |
| US9790450B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2017-10-17 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil composition for engine made of aluminum alloy and lubrication method |
| JP6035175B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-11-30 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| US11046908B2 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-06-29 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Oxazoline modified dispersants |
| US10808198B2 (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2020-10-20 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant containing thiadiazole derivatives |
| CN110156719A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-23 | 长沙望城石油化工有限公司 | 一种含荒氨酸酯的噻二唑化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114057916B (zh) * | 2020-08-04 | 2023-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种润滑油抗氧型无灰分散剂的制备方法 |
| US12152216B2 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2024-11-26 | The Lubrizol Corp tion | Benzazepine compounds as antioxidants for lubricant compositions |
| EP4368687B1 (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2025-06-25 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Corrosion inhibitor and industrial lubricant including the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4169799A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1979-10-02 | Texaco Inc. | Lubricating oil composition |
| GB2056482A (en) * | 1979-08-13 | 1981-03-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Lubricating oil compositions |
| FR2469449A1 (fr) * | 1979-11-07 | 1981-05-22 | Lubrizol Corp | Additifs de lubrification comprenant un alkylphenol sulfure et un agent dispersant de haut poids moleculaire |
| US4612129A (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-09-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Sulfur-containing compositions, and additive concentrates and lubricating oils containing same |
| AU8273887A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1988-06-01 | Lubrizol Corporation, The | Sulfur-containing compositions, lubricant, fuel and functional fluid compositions |
| GB8704682D0 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1987-04-01 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Low phosphorus lubricants |
| CA1327350C (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1994-03-01 | Glen Paul Fetterman, Jr. | Ashless lubricant compositions for internal combustion engines |
-
1990
- 1990-03-30 CA CA002013545A patent/CA2013545C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-02 AT AT90303529T patent/ATE122711T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-04-02 DE DE69019413T patent/DE69019413T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-02 BR BR909001514A patent/BR9001514A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-04-02 JP JP2085047A patent/JP2975043B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-02 AU AU52451/90A patent/AU622785B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-04-02 ES ES90303529T patent/ES2072390T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-02 DD DD90339330A patent/DD295394A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-04-02 EP EP90303529A patent/EP0391649B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-03 AR AR90316546A patent/AR246762A1/es active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2975043B2 (ja) | 1999-11-10 |
| AR246762A1 (es) | 1994-09-30 |
| EP0391649A2 (en) | 1990-10-10 |
| DD295394A5 (de) | 1991-10-31 |
| ATE122711T1 (de) | 1995-06-15 |
| JPH0347897A (ja) | 1991-02-28 |
| BR9001514A (pt) | 1991-04-16 |
| EP0391649B1 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
| DE69019413D1 (de) | 1995-06-22 |
| CA2013545A1 (en) | 1990-10-03 |
| AU622785B2 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
| EP0391649A3 (en) | 1991-03-20 |
| CA2013545C (en) | 1999-01-26 |
| DE69019413T2 (de) | 1995-10-26 |
| AU5245190A (en) | 1990-10-04 |
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