ES2079219T3 - Disminucion de nox en el gas de escape pobre de motores de vehiculos automoviles. - Google Patents
Disminucion de nox en el gas de escape pobre de motores de vehiculos automoviles.Info
- Publication number
- ES2079219T3 ES2079219T3 ES93102637T ES93102637T ES2079219T3 ES 2079219 T3 ES2079219 T3 ES 2079219T3 ES 93102637 T ES93102637 T ES 93102637T ES 93102637 T ES93102637 T ES 93102637T ES 2079219 T3 ES2079219 T3 ES 2079219T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- nox
- motors
- decrease
- automobile vehicles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0246—Coatings comprising a zeolite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
OBJETO DE LA INVENCION ES UN CATALIZADOR PARA LA REDUCCION DE OXIDO AZOICO, EN GASES DE ESCAPE POCO GRASOS, DE MOTORES DE VEHICULOS. CONTIENE, SOBRE UN CUERPO REFORZADOR DE LA ESTRUCTURA, UN PRIMER REVESTIMIENTO CATALITICO DE OXIDO DE ALUMINIO Y/U OXIDO DE CERIO, DE GRAN SUPERFICIE, IMPREGNADO CON UNA MEZCLA A BASE DE IRIDIO Y PLATINO, COMO COMPONENTES DE METALES NOBLES CATALITICAMENTE ACTIVOS. SOBRE LA PRIMERA CAPA, SE HA APLICADO UNA SEGUNDA CAPA CATALITICA A BASE DE UNA CEOLITA, QUE CONTIENE COBRE Y/O HIERRO, Y QUE ES DEL TIPO MORDENITA.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4206699A DE4206699C2 (de) | 1992-03-04 | 1992-03-04 | NO¶x¶-Verminderung im mageren Abgas von Kraftfahrzeugmotoren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2079219T3 true ES2079219T3 (es) | 1996-01-01 |
Family
ID=6453141
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES93102637T Expired - Lifetime ES2079219T3 (es) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-02-19 | Disminucion de nox en el gas de escape pobre de motores de vehiculos automoviles. |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5354720A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0559021B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP3502408B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR100251608B1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1079413A (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE129427T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU651517B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9300731A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2090882C (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ379992A3 (es) |
| DE (2) | DE4206699C2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2079219T3 (es) |
| HU (1) | HU211407B (es) |
| MX (1) | MX9301179A (es) |
| PL (1) | PL171411B1 (es) |
| RO (1) | RO111164B1 (es) |
| TR (1) | TR26500A (es) |
| TW (1) | TW231972B (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA931486B (es) |
Families Citing this family (50)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6248684B1 (en) | 1992-11-19 | 2001-06-19 | Englehard Corporation | Zeolite-containing oxidation catalyst and method of use |
| KR960700801A (ko) * | 1993-03-29 | 1996-02-24 | 스티븐 아이. 밀러 | 개선된 제올라이트 함유 산화 촉매 및 그의 사용 방법(Improved Zeolite-Containing Oxidation Catalyst and Method of Use) |
| FR2715580B1 (fr) * | 1994-01-31 | 1996-04-05 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur de traitement des gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion interne. |
| DE4436890A1 (de) * | 1994-10-15 | 1996-04-18 | Degussa | Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Verminderung der im Abgas einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine enthaltenen Kohlenwasserstoffe, Kohlenmonoxid und Stickoxide |
| CA2144366A1 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-11 | Takashi Itoh | Method of purifying exhaust gas from internal combustion engine |
| GB9511412D0 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1995-08-02 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improvements in emission control |
| US5849255A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-12-15 | Asec Manufacturing | Treatment of diesel exhaust gas using zeolite catalyst |
| ZA963235B (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1996-10-25 | Engelhard Corp | Diesel exhaust stream treating catalyst and method of use |
| FR2737136B1 (fr) * | 1995-07-24 | 1997-12-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur a base de zeolithe mordenite modifiee au cerium, et son utilisation en isomerisation d'une coupe c8 aromatique |
| DE19614540A1 (de) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-16 | Degussa | Dieselkatalysator |
| JPH09276703A (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-28 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
| EP1402946B1 (en) | 1996-08-13 | 2005-07-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | An exhaust purification catalyst for a compression ignition engine |
| JP3956437B2 (ja) * | 1996-09-26 | 2007-08-08 | マツダ株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
| DE19653958A1 (de) * | 1996-12-21 | 1998-06-25 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Verminderung der Stickoxide im Abgas von Verbrennungsmotoren |
| BE1011581A3 (fr) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-11-09 | Solvay | Catalyseur a base de zeolite, son utilisation et procede d'epoxydation en presence de ce catalyseur. |
| CN1069555C (zh) * | 1997-12-23 | 2001-08-15 | 中国石油化工总公司 | 含zsm-5沸石的脱氮氧化物催化剂及其制备方法 |
| CN1069554C (zh) * | 1997-12-23 | 2001-08-15 | 中国石油化工总公司 | Zsm-5沸石与多孔金属复合材料及其制备方法 |
| US6143681A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-11-07 | Northwestern University | NOx reduction catalyst |
| CN1101727C (zh) * | 1998-11-27 | 2003-02-19 | 华东理工大学 | 净化机动车排气的稀土-贵金属催化剂及其制备方法 |
| JP2000176298A (ja) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-27 | Mazda Motor Corp | 排気ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 |
| KR20010037201A (ko) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-05-07 | 이계안 | 디젤 자동차용 촉매 |
| DE10010041A1 (de) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-06 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Bestimmung eines in eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine einzuspeisenden Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches |
| EP1166853A1 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2002-01-02 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst |
| US6750168B2 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2004-06-15 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | High-temperature aging tolerance catalyzed adsorber system for treating internal combustion engine exhaust gas |
| US6759358B2 (en) | 2001-08-21 | 2004-07-06 | Sud-Chemie Inc. | Method for washcoating a catalytic material onto a monolithic structure |
| GB0124679D0 (en) * | 2001-10-13 | 2001-12-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Selective oxidation |
| US6921594B2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2005-07-26 | Sud-Chemie Inc. | Exhaust treatment and filtration system for molten carbonate fuel cells |
| JP4225735B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-01 | 2009-02-18 | バブコック日立株式会社 | 窒素酸化物除去用触媒、その製造方法および窒素酸化物の除去方法 |
| KR20040002344A (ko) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-01-07 | 안호근 | 질소화합물의 저감을 위한 선택적 촉매환원용 촉매 |
| US20040254061A1 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2004-12-16 | Danan Dou | Diesel exhaust emissions control device and methods of making thereof |
| JP2006110485A (ja) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-27 | Johnson Matthey Japan Inc | 排気ガス触媒およびそれを用いた排気ガス処理装置 |
| JP2006314989A (ja) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-11-24 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | 窒素酸化物を接触還元するための触媒及び触媒構造体 |
| EP1875954A4 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2011-06-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | CATALYST FOR CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE, CATALYST CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD FOR THE CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE |
| US20100166628A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2010-07-01 | Nicola Soeger | Catalyst for reducing nitrogen-containing pollutants from the exhaust gases of diesel engines |
| JP2007275704A (ja) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-25 | Johnson Matthey Japan Inc | 排気ガス触媒およびそれを用いた排気ガス処理装置 |
| JP4294041B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-31 | 2009-07-08 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | NOx浄化触媒 |
| DE102007003531A1 (de) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Süd-Chemie AG | Schwefelbeständiger geträgerter Edelmetallkatalysator sowie dessen Verwendung |
| US8318630B2 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2012-11-27 | Ict Co., Ltd. | Catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides and method for removing nitrogen oxides using the same |
| DE102007057305A1 (de) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-04 | Süd-Chemie AG | Beschichtungszusammensetzung für Dieseloxidationskatalysatoren |
| KR101447945B1 (ko) * | 2008-01-21 | 2014-10-08 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 제올라이트를 이용한 질소산화물 저감용 하니컴형 촉매의제조방법 |
| WO2009141875A1 (ja) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-11-26 | イビデン株式会社 | ハニカム構造体 |
| US8225597B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2012-07-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System for reducing NOx in exhaust |
| US8865082B2 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2014-10-21 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and system for monitoring a hydrocarbon adsorber |
| CN103118780B (zh) * | 2010-09-15 | 2016-06-01 | 庄信万丰股份有限公司 | 组合的逸失催化剂和烃放热催化剂 |
| US11794174B2 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2023-10-24 | Basf Corporation | Tetra-functional catalyst for the oxidation of NO, the oxidation of a hydrocarbon, the oxidation of NH3 and the selective catalytic reduction of NOx |
| EP3357558B1 (de) | 2017-02-03 | 2019-06-26 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Katalysator zur reinigung der abgase von dieselmotoren |
| EP3498993A1 (de) | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-19 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Kombination eines zeolithbasierten scr mit einem manganbasierten scr im bypass |
| EP3616792A1 (de) | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-04 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Stickoxid-speicherkatalysator |
| KR102875846B1 (ko) | 2018-10-31 | 2025-10-24 | 바스프 모바일 에미션스 카탈리스츠 엘엘씨 | NOx 저감을 위한 구리 포획 구성요소가 첨가된 촉매 조성물 |
| US11073057B2 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-07-27 | Hyundai Motor Company | Co clean-up catalyst, after treatment system and after treatment method |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS593218B2 (ja) * | 1975-09-25 | 1984-01-23 | トウアネンリヨウコウギヨウ カブシキガイシヤ | ダツシヨウシヨクバイ |
| FR2495957B1 (fr) * | 1980-12-17 | 1986-09-12 | Pro Catalyse | Catalyseur et procede perfectionnes pour le traitement des gaz d'echappement des moteurs a combustion interne |
| JPS60106535A (ja) * | 1983-11-16 | 1985-06-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 廃ガス処理用触媒 |
| DE3642018A1 (de) * | 1985-12-21 | 1987-06-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reduktion von stickoxiden |
| FR2595265B1 (fr) * | 1986-03-07 | 1992-10-09 | Pro Catalyse | Catalyseur et procede pour le traitement des gaz d'echappement des moteurs a combustion interne |
| DE3635284A1 (de) * | 1986-10-16 | 1988-04-28 | Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh | Katalysator zur entfernung von stickoxiden aus abgasen |
| US4760044A (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1988-07-26 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Catalyst for minimizing the H2 S emissions from automotive exhaust and method of its manufacture |
| WO1990000441A1 (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-25 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Pollution control catalyst for minimizing h2s emissions |
| JPH01127044A (ja) * | 1987-11-11 | 1989-05-19 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 排気浄化用触媒 |
| JPH01139144A (ja) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-05-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気浄化用触媒 |
| DE3830318A1 (de) * | 1988-09-07 | 1990-03-15 | Degussa | Abgaskatalysator mit verminderter neigung zu speicherung von schwefeloxiden und schwefelwasserstoffemission |
| JPH0755285B2 (ja) * | 1988-11-29 | 1995-06-14 | 財団法人産業創造研究所 | 廃煙中の窒素酸化物除去法 |
| DE3841990A1 (de) * | 1988-12-14 | 1990-06-21 | Degussa | Verfahren zur reduktion von stickoxiden aus abgasen |
| JP2730750B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-16 | 1998-03-25 | マツダ株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒およびその製造方法 |
| JP2909553B2 (ja) * | 1989-10-18 | 1999-06-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒及び排気ガスの浄化方法 |
| DE3940758A1 (de) * | 1989-12-09 | 1991-06-13 | Degussa | Verfahren zur reinigung der abgase von dieselmotoren |
| JP3061399B2 (ja) * | 1990-06-20 | 2000-07-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | ディーゼルエンジン排ガス浄化用触媒および浄化方法 |
| US5116044A (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1992-05-26 | William T. Wilkinson | Aerobic climbing step/bench |
| JP2771321B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-09 | 1998-07-02 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒組成物、排気ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 |
-
1992
- 1992-03-04 DE DE4206699A patent/DE4206699C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-21 CZ CS923799A patent/CZ379992A3/cs unknown
-
1993
- 1993-02-19 AT AT93102637T patent/ATE129427T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-02-19 EP EP93102637A patent/EP0559021B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-19 DE DE59300801T patent/DE59300801D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-19 ES ES93102637T patent/ES2079219T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-26 TR TR93/0157A patent/TR26500A/xx unknown
- 1993-03-02 ZA ZA931486A patent/ZA931486B/xx unknown
- 1993-03-02 RO RO93-00290A patent/RO111164B1/ro unknown
- 1993-03-03 CN CN93102315A patent/CN1079413A/zh active Pending
- 1993-03-03 MX MX9301179A patent/MX9301179A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-03 PL PL93297926A patent/PL171411B1/pl unknown
- 1993-03-03 HU HU9300582A patent/HU211407B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-03 BR BR9300731A patent/BR9300731A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-03-03 CA CA002090882A patent/CA2090882C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-03 AU AU33953/93A patent/AU651517B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-03-03 KR KR1019930003058A patent/KR100251608B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-04 US US08/026,127 patent/US5354720A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-04 JP JP04348493A patent/JP3502408B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-12 TW TW082102810A patent/TW231972B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4206699A1 (de) | 1993-09-09 |
| ZA931486B (en) | 1993-10-04 |
| CA2090882A1 (en) | 1993-09-05 |
| RO111164B1 (ro) | 1996-07-30 |
| ATE129427T1 (de) | 1995-11-15 |
| JPH0671179A (ja) | 1994-03-15 |
| CZ379992A3 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
| KR930019267A (ko) | 1993-10-18 |
| BR9300731A (pt) | 1993-09-08 |
| HUT66374A (en) | 1994-11-28 |
| JP3502408B2 (ja) | 2004-03-02 |
| TW231972B (es) | 1994-10-11 |
| DE59300801D1 (de) | 1995-11-30 |
| TR26500A (tr) | 1995-03-15 |
| HU9300582D0 (en) | 1993-05-28 |
| PL171411B1 (pl) | 1997-04-30 |
| US5354720A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
| EP0559021A3 (en) | 1993-12-08 |
| EP0559021B1 (de) | 1995-10-25 |
| EP0559021A2 (de) | 1993-09-08 |
| CN1079413A (zh) | 1993-12-15 |
| KR100251608B1 (ko) | 2000-04-15 |
| AU3395393A (en) | 1993-09-09 |
| CA2090882C (en) | 1998-08-18 |
| PL297926A1 (en) | 1993-11-15 |
| DE4206699C2 (de) | 1996-02-01 |
| MX9301179A (es) | 1994-07-29 |
| AU651517B2 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
| HU211407B (en) | 1995-11-28 |
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