ES2091182T3 - Alquilacion de compuestos aromaticos policiclicos con formacion de alquilatos enriquecidos en los isomeros sustituidos en posicion para. - Google Patents
Alquilacion de compuestos aromaticos policiclicos con formacion de alquilatos enriquecidos en los isomeros sustituidos en posicion para.Info
- Publication number
- ES2091182T3 ES2091182T3 ES88119175T ES88119175T ES2091182T3 ES 2091182 T3 ES2091182 T3 ES 2091182T3 ES 88119175 T ES88119175 T ES 88119175T ES 88119175 T ES88119175 T ES 88119175T ES 2091182 T3 ES2091182 T3 ES 2091182T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- aromatic
- polyclic
- alkylates
- rental
- enriched
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- VZQSBJKDSWXLKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(C=2C=C(O)C=CC=2)=C1 VZQSBJKDSWXLKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004974 Thermotropic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/14—Catalytic processes with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids
- C07C2/16—Acids of sulfur; Salts thereof; Sulfur oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/64—Addition to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2/66—Catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/86—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
- C07C2/862—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms
- C07C2/864—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms the non-hydrocarbon is an alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
COMPOENENTES AROMATICOS, TALES COMO BENCENO O BIFENOL, SON ALKILADOS CON UN AGENTE ALKILANTE, TAL COMO PROPILENO, EN LA PRESENCIA DE UN CATALIZADOR ZEOLITICO MORDENITO ACIDICO BAJO CONDICIONES SUFICIENTES PARA PRODUCIR UNA MEZCLA DE COMPONENTES AROMATICOS POLICICLICOS SUSTITUIDOS ENRIQUECIDOS EN LOS ISOMEROS PARA ALKILADOS, TALES COMO P-DIISOPROPIL-BENCENO O P,P'' -DI(ISOPROPIL) BIFENIL, RESPECTIVAMENTE. EL NUEVO CATALIZADOR MORDENITA ACIDICO ESTA CARACTERIZADO POR SU PROPORCION MOLAR DE SILICE/ALUMINA, SU POROSIDAD, Y SIMETRIA INDEX. LOS P,P'' -DISUSTITUIDO ISOMERO DE COMPONENTES AROMATICOS SON UTILES COMO MONOMEROS EN LA PREPARACION DE POLIMEROS DE CRISTAL LIQUIDO TERMOTROPICO.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/123,741 US4891448A (en) | 1987-11-23 | 1987-11-23 | Alkylation of polycyclic aromatic compounds to alkylates enriched in the para-substituted isomers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2091182T3 true ES2091182T3 (es) | 1996-11-01 |
Family
ID=22410599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES88119175T Expired - Lifetime ES2091182T3 (es) | 1987-11-23 | 1988-11-18 | Alquilacion de compuestos aromaticos policiclicos con formacion de alquilatos enriquecidos en los isomeros sustituidos en posicion para. |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4891448A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0317907B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2688430B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR910006253B1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1024654C (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE142187T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU609903B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR8806201A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA1322744C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE3855508T2 (es) |
| DK (1) | DK649188A (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2091182T3 (es) |
| FI (1) | FI91390C (es) |
| IL (1) | IL88425A (es) |
| MY (1) | MY103483A (es) |
| NO (1) | NO171553C (es) |
| NZ (1) | NZ226979A (es) |
Families Citing this family (54)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5004841A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1991-04-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of aromatic compounds to alkylates enriched in the linear-substituted isomers |
| GB8729555D0 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1988-02-03 | Shell Int Research | Alkylation process |
| ES2007545A6 (es) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-06-16 | Petroquimica Espanola S A Petr | Proceso de alquilacion catalitica en lecho fijo de hidrocarburos aromaticos. |
| US5157158A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1992-10-20 | Petroquimica Espanola, S.A. Petresa | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
| US5003122A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1991-03-26 | Catalytica, Inc. | Process for selective diisopropylation of naphthyl compounds using shape selective acidic crystalline molecular sieve catalysts |
| US5026942A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1991-06-25 | Catalytica, Inc. | Process for selective diisopropylation of naphthyl compounds using shape selective acidic crystalline molecular sieve catalysts |
| FR2638157B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-26 | 1991-04-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production d'alkylbenzenes utilisant un catalyseur a base de mordenite modifiee |
| US5017735A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-05-21 | Catalytica, Inc. | Selective sorption of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene |
| US5026940A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-06-25 | Catalytica, Inc. | Manufacture of 4,4'-diisopropylbiphenyl |
| WO1991008181A1 (fr) * | 1989-12-05 | 1991-06-13 | Osaka Gas Company Limited | Procede de production de 4,4'-diisopropylbiphenyle |
| JPH06239771A (ja) * | 1989-12-22 | 1994-08-30 | Dow Chem Co:The | ベンゼンもしくは置換ベンゼンのアルキル化またはアルキル化ベンゼンのトランスアルキル化の方法および触媒組成物 |
| EP0565624A4 (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1995-12-27 | Mobil Oil Corp | Lubricant adducts and their preparation |
| US5552071A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1996-09-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated diphenyl ether lubricants |
| EP0504541B1 (en) * | 1991-03-21 | 1998-07-22 | Solutia Europe N.V./S.A. | Improved catalytic process for selective alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
| US5286396A (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1994-02-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated phenoxathin base stock for lubricants |
| US5372734A (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1994-12-13 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated benzothiophene-derived lubricants |
| US5145817A (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-09-08 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation process using dual metal ultrastable Y zeolite |
| BR9107311A (pt) * | 1991-06-21 | 1995-04-25 | Dow Chemical Co | Processo para alquilar benzeno ou benzeno substituído. |
| US5138022A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1992-08-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Thermoplastic polyesters containing biphenylene linkages |
| EP0528096B1 (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1998-05-27 | Solutia Europe N.V./S.A. | Catalytic process for the selective alkylation of polycyclic aromatic compounds |
| US5371248A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-12-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated benzofuran-derived lubricants |
| US6313075B1 (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 2001-11-06 | Leslie R. Rudnick | Alkylated thianthrene lubricants |
| CH683918A5 (de) * | 1991-12-04 | 1994-06-15 | Uetikon Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrobenzol. |
| CH683919A5 (de) * | 1992-01-15 | 1994-06-15 | Uetikon Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrobenzol. |
| US5288922A (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-02-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of preparing diaryl ethers over a dealuminated zeolite catalyst |
| US5600045A (en) * | 1993-12-02 | 1997-02-04 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for conversion of crude hydrocarbon mixtures |
| US5508019A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-04-16 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Dealumination of aluminosilicates |
| ATE209961T1 (de) * | 1995-03-08 | 2001-12-15 | Solutia Inc | Thoriumdioxide katalysator |
| DE19525682A1 (de) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-01-16 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diarylethanen |
| US5877384A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1999-03-02 | The M. W. Kellogg Company | Apparatus and process for separating reaction effluent in the manufacture of cumene |
| AU4077797A (en) | 1996-08-20 | 1998-03-06 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Process for the production of alkylated benzenes |
| DE69812968T2 (de) * | 1997-08-18 | 2004-02-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc., Baytown | Verfahren zur alkylierung eines aromaten mit einem verdünnten, propylen- und ethylen-enthaltenden gasstrom |
| WO2000039061A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of alkylated diphenyl oxides |
| US6407292B1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2002-06-18 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Preparation of alkylated diphenyl oxides |
| WO2000039080A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for the production of arylsulfides and compositions made therefrom |
| IT1313008B1 (it) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-05-29 | Enichem Spa | Processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici. |
| RU2319687C2 (ru) * | 2003-11-12 | 2008-03-20 | Дженерал Электрик Компани | Способ получения 4,4'-диизопропилбифенила |
| US6977319B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-12-20 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Alkylated aromatic compositions, zeolite catalyst compositions and processes for making the same |
| US6964935B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-11-15 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc. | Mordenite zeolite alkylation catalysts |
| US7626064B1 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-12-01 | Uop Llc | Transalkylation process |
| US8450232B2 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2013-05-28 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Catalysts useful for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
| JP2010229104A (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | アルキル芳香族化合物の製造方法 |
| CN101549873B (zh) * | 2009-05-11 | 2011-08-03 | 曾玉彬 | 一种表面活性剂改性沸石及其制备方法及用途 |
| JP6003643B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-10 | 2016-10-05 | 宇部興産株式会社 | アルキル化反応用触媒及び該触媒を用いたアルキル芳香族炭化水素化合物の製造方法 |
| CN103930951B (zh) * | 2011-06-24 | 2017-04-19 | 布鲁尔科技公司 | 具有增强导电率的高度可溶碳纳米管 |
| CN102909051B (zh) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 含改性丝光沸石的催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN102909052B (zh) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-12-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 含丝光沸石的催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN102923727B (zh) * | 2012-11-08 | 2017-07-14 | 上海华谊(集团)公司 | 一种多级孔结构的硅铝磷酸盐分子筛及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN107345139B (zh) * | 2016-05-06 | 2020-12-22 | 北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司 | 一种异戊基类负介电各向异性的液晶化合物及其应用 |
| CN107345141B (zh) * | 2016-05-06 | 2021-01-15 | 北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司 | 一种异戊基类负介电各向异性的液晶化合物及其应用 |
| CN107345138B (zh) * | 2016-05-06 | 2021-01-15 | 北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司 | 一种异丁基类液晶化合物、制备方法及应用 |
| CN108530246B (zh) * | 2017-03-03 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 苯和丙烯生产正丙苯的方法 |
| CN111454130A (zh) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-28 | 中国日用化学研究院有限公司 | 一种固体酸催化烯烃与二苯醚反应制备烷基二苯醚的工艺 |
| CN115368935A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 河南本色化工科技有限责任公司 | 一种多环芳烃类化合物的制备方法 |
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| US4480142A (en) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-10-30 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalytic alkylation |
| DE3681493D1 (de) * | 1985-04-22 | 1991-10-24 | Ici Plc | Alkylierungsverfahren. |
| JPH06104630B2 (ja) * | 1986-11-11 | 1994-12-21 | 三井石油化学工業株式会社 | アルキル基置換芳香族炭化水素の製造方法 |
| JPS63122635A (ja) * | 1986-11-11 | 1988-05-26 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | p,p′−ジアルキルビフエニルの製造方法 |
| US4731497A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-03-15 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Alkylation of aromatics with alpha-olefins |
| JPH0764760B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-13 | 1995-07-12 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | ビフェニルのパラ選択的アルキル化方法 |
-
1987
- 1987-11-23 US US07/123,741 patent/US4891448A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-11-16 AU AU25617/88A patent/AU609903B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-11-16 NZ NZ226979A patent/NZ226979A/en unknown
- 1988-11-18 AT AT88119175T patent/ATE142187T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-18 DE DE3855508T patent/DE3855508T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-18 ES ES88119175T patent/ES2091182T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-18 EP EP88119175A patent/EP0317907B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-21 MY MYPI88001327A patent/MY103483A/en unknown
- 1988-11-21 DK DK649188A patent/DK649188A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-21 IL IL88425A patent/IL88425A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-22 JP JP63293734A patent/JP2688430B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-22 FI FI885405A patent/FI91390C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-22 CA CA000583763A patent/CA1322744C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-22 NO NO885197A patent/NO171553C/no unknown
- 1988-11-22 KR KR1019880015334A patent/KR910006253B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1988-11-22 BR BR888806201A patent/BR8806201A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-23 CN CN88108044A patent/CN1024654C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK649188D0 (da) | 1988-11-21 |
| AU2561788A (en) | 1989-05-25 |
| CN1024654C (zh) | 1994-05-25 |
| NO171553C (no) | 1993-03-31 |
| KR910006253B1 (ko) | 1991-08-19 |
| DK649188A (da) | 1989-05-24 |
| EP0317907A3 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| IL88425A0 (en) | 1989-06-30 |
| KR890008061A (ko) | 1989-07-08 |
| BR8806201A (pt) | 1989-08-15 |
| US4891448A (en) | 1990-01-02 |
| NO171553B (no) | 1992-12-21 |
| FI885405A0 (fi) | 1988-11-22 |
| EP0317907A2 (en) | 1989-05-31 |
| IL88425A (en) | 1992-07-15 |
| FI885405L (fi) | 1989-05-24 |
| EP0317907B1 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
| NZ226979A (en) | 1991-06-25 |
| NO885197D0 (no) | 1988-11-22 |
| JP2688430B2 (ja) | 1997-12-10 |
| DE3855508T2 (de) | 1997-03-27 |
| NO885197L (no) | 1989-05-24 |
| FI91390B (fi) | 1994-03-15 |
| JPH01165531A (ja) | 1989-06-29 |
| ATE142187T1 (de) | 1996-09-15 |
| FI91390C (fi) | 1994-06-27 |
| MY103483A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| AU609903B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
| DE3855508D1 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
| CN1042897A (zh) | 1990-06-13 |
| CA1322744C (en) | 1993-10-05 |
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