ES2307302T3 - Implante quirurgico que contiene un marcador radioopaco reabsorbible. - Google Patents
Implante quirurgico que contiene un marcador radioopaco reabsorbible. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2307302T3 ES2307302T3 ES97941069T ES97941069T ES2307302T3 ES 2307302 T3 ES2307302 T3 ES 2307302T3 ES 97941069 T ES97941069 T ES 97941069T ES 97941069 T ES97941069 T ES 97941069T ES 2307302 T3 ES2307302 T3 ES 2307302T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- implant
- bone
- demineralized
- particles
- marker
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011882 arthroplasty Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037873 arthrodesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007321 biological mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002599 biostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000002758 humerus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002684 laminectomy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011164 ossification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004820 osteoconduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002188 osteogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004819 osteoinduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001738 temporomandibular joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2002/30059—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in bone mineralization, e.g. made from both mineralized and demineralized adjacent parts
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00365—Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof
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Abstract
UN IMPLANTE QUIRURGICO QUE CONTIENE UN MARCADOR REASORBIBLE PERMITE LA FACIL DETERMINACION DE LA POSICION Y/O LA ORIENTACION DEL IMPLANTE MEDIANTE UNA TECNICA RADIOGRAFICA CON RAYOS X U OTROS DESPUES DE SU IMPLANTE QUIRURGICO EN EL CUERPO.
Description
Implante quirúrgico que contiene un marcador
radioopaco reabsorbible.
Esta invención se dirige a un implante
quirúrgico, más concretamente a uno que contiene un marcador
radioopaco que posibilita que se determine fácilmente la posición
y/u orientación del implante mediante rayos x u otra técnica
radiográfica tras su implante quirúrgico en el cuerpo. El documento
DE-U-29608321 describe en
combinación las características de la parte precaracterizadora de
la reivindicación 1 siguiente.
Los implantes osteoprotésicos son útiles para
reparar una variedad de defectos e irregularidades esqueléticas.
Puede ser necesario confirmar la localización de un implante tras su
colocación en el cuerpo. Sin embargo, muchos implantes
osteoprotésicos se fabrican de materiales, por ejemplo, resinas
sintéticas, que son transparentes a la formación de imagen
radiográfica tal como mediante rayos x. Se han proporcionado
implantes osteoprotésicos de este tipo con un marcador radioopaco
que facilita la determinación de la posición del implante instalado
empleando rayos x u otra técnica radiográfica. Véanse, por ejemplo,
las patentes estadounidenses nº 3.829.904, 3.891.997, 3.922.726,
4.123.806, 4.224.698, 4.450.592, 5.405.402, 5.425.762, y 5.476.880.
Los marcadores radioopacos en los implantes descritos en estas
patentes tienen la forma de un alambre metálico formado a partir de
un metal biológicamente compatible tal como acero inoxidable.
Según la presente invención, se proporciona un
implante para reparar defectos e irregularidades esqueléticas que
comprende un implante fabricado a partir de un material
radiotransparente y que posee un marcador radiopaco reabsorbible de
partículas óseas no desmineralizadas o parcialmente
desmineralizadas. A diferencia del marcador radioopaco del alambre
metálico de las prótesis sintéticas de las patentes identificadas
anteriormente, el implante de esta invención tiene un componente de
marcador radioopaco que es reabsorbible en su totalidad y puede
contribuir a la cicatrización del hueso a través de procesos
naturales.
El implante se puede fabricar a partir de
cualquiera de los diversos materiales radiotransparentes
reabsorbibles o no reabsorbibles incluyendo láminas de hueso
desmineralizado, partículas, etc, colágeno y derivados de colágeno,
plásticos tales como cotilos de polietileno.
En una forma de realización de la presente
invención, el implante reabsorbible se fabrica a partir de
partículas alargadas de hueso desmineralizado, tal como se describe
en la patente estadounidense Nº 5.507.813.
Según el procedimiento descrito en la patente
estadounidense Nº 5.507.813, se obtienen partículas óseas alargadas
mediante molienda a partir de una sección de hueso completo, las
partículas se desmineralizan con ácido según procedimientos
conocidos y convencionales para proveer partículas óseas
desmineralizadas por completo de manera sustancial que son
característicamente radiotransparentes y, a continuación, las
partículas óseas se conforman en un material que posee una
configuración geométrica definida, por ejemplo, una lámina que posee
una forma cuadrada o rectangular. La lámina se forma mediante un
procedimiento de tendido en húmedo, las etapas del cual son como
sigue: suspender una cantidad de partículas óseas alargadas
desmineralizadas en un líquido adecuado, por ejemplo, agua,
solvente organicoprótico, solución acuosa tal como suero salino
fisiológico, etc., y conteniendo opcionalmente uno o más
ingredientes biocompatibles tales como adhesivos, cargas,
plastificantes, agentes flexibilizantes, agentes
bioestáticos/biocidas, agentes tensioactivos, sustancias
médica/quirúrgicamente útiles, etc., aplicar la suspensión a un
soporte poroso, por ejemplo, una lámina perforada plana, malla de
tamiz o molde tridimensional, a través del cual puede drenar el
exceso de suspensión líquida proporcionando por tanto una masa
humedecida, coherente, conformada de partículas óseas
desmineralizadas y, opcionalmente, secar la masa humedecida. El
material de la lámina formada de esta manera es relativamente rígido
cuando se seca y, tras puesta en contacto con un líquido
biocompatible, por ejemplo, agua, solución salina, etc, se vuelve
maleable y flexible convirtiéndolo en algo fácilmente conformable
para un emplazamiento deseado de reparación del hueso.
Se proporciona ventajosamente el marcador
radioopaco que se va a incorporar en el implante reabsorbible de
esta invención en forma de hueso nativo obtenido a partir de
cualquier hueso humano o animal, por ejemplo, mediante corte,
molienda, pulverización u otra técnica adecuada. El marcador
radioopaco puede ser también hueso parcialmente desmineralizado, no
siendo la extensión de la desmineralización tan grande como para que
ésta perjudique sustancialmente su carácter radioopaco. Por
ejemplo, se puede utilizar hueso parcialmente desmineralizado que
contenga no menos de aproximadamente un 50 por ciento en peso de su
contenido mineral original como el componente radioopaco del
implante de esta invención.
El marcador radioopaco se proporciona
preferiblemente en forma particulada con un tamaño promedio de
partícula comprendido entre aproximadamente 0,1 mm y
aproximadamente 10 mm y preferiblemente entre aproximadamente 1 mm
y aproximadamente 5 mm. El marcador radioopaco puede conformarse en
forma esférica, cuasi esférica, cuboide, rectangular o cualquier
otra forma que pueda ser útil.
El marcador radioopaco se puede incorporar al
implante reabsorbible en cualquier etapa de la fabricación de este
último, por ejemplo, en el caso de una lámina de hueso fabricada
según la anteriormente mencionada patente estadounidense Nº
5.507.813 mediante la introducción en la suspensión a partir de la
cual se fabrica la lámina de hueso. El marcador radioopaco se puede
incorporar también a las partículas óseas molidas antes de su
desmineralización y conformación en la lámina de hueso. Sin
embargo, tal como se reconocerá, el marcador radioopaco en esta
forma de realización debe ser capaz de sobrevivir o ser resistente
al procedimiento de desmineralización. En el caso de un marcador
radioopaco preparado a partir de partículas óseas, fabricando dichas
partículas más grandes y/o más gruesas que las partículas óseas
alargadas destinadas a desmineralización, es posible limitar la
extensión de su desmineralización de tal manera que contengan
todavía suficiente materia inorgánica para volverlas radioopacas
aunque las partículas óseas alargadas experimenten una
desmineralización completa o casi completa. Otro procedimiento para
conferir resistencia a las partículas óseas destinadas a funcionar
como marcador radiopaco es revestir las partículas con una sustancia
que sea menos susceptible al ataque ácido.
Cuando se incorpora el material radioopaco al
implante reabsorbible, se puede colocar el marcador dentro del
implante en un modelo predeterminado, por ejemplo, un modelo
geométrico tal como una trama. Esto puede llevarse a cabo
fácilmente mediante el uso de una plantilla colocada sobre el
implante durante una etapa de procesamiento de tal manera que el
material marcador que se vierte o moldea sobre el implante se embebe
únicamente en las zonas deseadas. La utilidad de un modelo
predeterminado para los marcadores es hacer que el implante sea
fácilmente distinguible de otras estructuras que lo rodean in
situ.
En el caso de un implante reabsorbible que se
fabrica a partir de hueso desmineralizado, la aplicación del
implante en el emplazamiento del defecto óseo, por ejemplo,
resultante de una lesión, infección, tumor maligno o desarrollo de
malformación, lleva a un nuevo crecimiento hacia el interior del
hueso mediante uno o más mecanismos biológicos tales como la
osteogénesis, osteoconducción y/u osteoinducción o mediante uno o
más mecanismos físicos tales como proporcionar una barrera física
para el crecimiento hacia el interior del tejido blando,
presentando un soporte o andamiaje para el nuevo crecimiento óseo,
etc.
Tras el implante del implante en interior del
cuerpo en un emplazamiento con defecto, el implante se puede
visualizar usando cualquiera de las diversas técnicas radiográficas
conocidas y convencionales tales como la formación de imagen
mediante rayos x. En el caso de formación de imagen mediante rayos
x, el marcador radioopaco se despliega en la película de rayos x
expuesta y revelada en forma de manchas blancas que permiten
determinar con precisión la localización y/o la orientación del
implante.
Se puede utilizar el implante de esta invención
en una amplia variedad de procedimientos quirúrgicos ortopédicos,
neuroquirúrgicos y orales y maxilofaciales tales como la reparación
de fracturas y no uniones simples y compuestas, fijaciones externas
e internas, reconstrucciones de articulaciones tales como
artrodesis, artroplastia general, artroplastia de copa de cadera,
sustitución de la cabeza del fémur y el húmero, sustitución
superficial de la cabeza del fémur y sustitución total de la
articulación, reparaciones de la columna vertebral que incluyen
fusión espinal y fijación interna, cirugía tumoral, por ejemplo,
relleno del déficit, disectomía, laminectomía, excisión de los
tumores de la médula espinal, operaciones cervicales y torácicos
anteriores, reparación de las lesiones espinales, tratamientos de
escoliosis, lordosis y quifosis, fijación intermaxilar de fracturas,
mentoplastia, sustitución de la articulación temporomandibular,
aumento y reconstrucción de la cresta alveolar, injertos óseos de
incrustación, colocación y revisión de implantes, levantamientos de
los senos, etc. Estos materiales pueden estar suturados o grapados
en el sitio con objetivos de anclaje y servir en la regeneración
asistida del tejido o como materiales de barrera.
Los siguientes ejemplos son ilustrativos del
implante reabsorbible de esta invención.
Se fabricó una lámina de partículas
desmineralizadas de hueso alargado según el procedimiento descrito
en la patente estadounidense Nº 5.507.813. Mientras la lámina se
estaba tendiendo en húmedo, se añadieron partículas óseas no
desmineralizadas clasificadas en un intervalo predeterminado. Las
partículas mineralizadas están uniformemente distribuidas en el
interior de la lámina húmeda que se somete a continuación a las
restantes operaciones de fabricación descritas en la patente
anteriormente mencionada. A continuación se cortan las láminas
flexibles resultantes en las piezas dimensionadas del implante.
Se rehidrató una lámina pequeña del ejemplo 1 y
se implantó en un animal en el emplazamiento de un defecto de la
bóveda craneal. A continuación se suturó el emplazamiento y el
cráneo se sometió a rayos x. Las partículas mineralizadas se
desplegaron en la película de rayos x resultante en forma de manchas
blancas que permiten determinar con precisión la localización del
implante.
Se pueden incorporar las partículas no
desmineralizadas de hueso del ejemplo 1 en la lámina tendida en
húmedo en un modelo regular tal como una trama con separaciones de
5 mm entre las partículas. Cuando se completa el procesamiento de
la lámina y se rehidrata un pequeño segmento de lámina y se implanta
tal como en el Ejemplo 2, se determina más fácilmente la
posición/orientación del segmento de lámina mediante rayos x debido
al modelo regular de las partículas radioopacas no
desmineralizadas.
Se pueden distribuir las partículas no
desmineralizadas del ejemplo 1 en una composición osteogénica
fluidificable que está comprendida por partículas desmineralizadas
de hueso y un vehículo inerte tal como glicerol.
Claims (9)
1. Un implante quirúrgico para su implante
quirúrgico en el cuerpo, estando el implante fabricado de material
radiotransparente y poseyendo un marcador radioopaco
reabsorbible;
caracterizado porque
el marcador radioopaco reabsorbible comprende
partículas óseas no desmineralizadas o parcialmente
desmineralizadas.
2. El implante de la reivindicación 1, en el que
el material radiotransparente es reabsorbible.
3. El implante de la reivindicación 2, en el que
el material reabsorbible es hueso desmineralizado o colágeno.
4. El implante de la reivindicación 2 ó 3, en el
que el material reabsorbible es una lámina flexible de hueso
desmineralizado.
5. El implante de una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones anteriores, en el que el marcador radioopaco
reabsorbible se dispone en el interior del implante según un modelo
de partículas separadas.
6. El implante de la reivindicación 5, en el que
el modelo predeterminado es una trama.
7. El implante de una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones anteriores, en el que las partículas óseas no
desmineralizadas o parcialmente desmineralizadas son de hueso
humano y animal.
8. El implante de una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones anteriores, en el que las partículas óseas no
desmineralizadas o parcialmente desmineralizadas son de forma
esférica, cuasi esférica, cuboide, de tubo, de fibra, espiral o
rectangular.
9. El implante de una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones precedentes en el que las partículas óseas
marcadoras contienen no menos de un 20 por ciento en peso de
materia inorgánica residual.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08713694 US5676146B1 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 1996-09-13 | Surgical implant containing a resorbable radiopaque marker and method of locating such within a body |
| US713694 | 1996-09-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2307302T3 true ES2307302T3 (es) | 2008-11-16 |
Family
ID=24867129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES97941069T Expired - Lifetime ES2307302T3 (es) | 1996-09-13 | 1997-09-15 | Implante quirurgico que contiene un marcador radioopaco reabsorbible. |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5676146B1 (es) |
| EP (3) | EP2260790A3 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2001500409A (es) |
| KR (1) | KR20000036113A (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE394078T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU739912B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9711829A (es) |
| CA (2) | CA2446573C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69738669D1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2307302T3 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1998010712A1 (es) |
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| DE29608321U1 (de) * | 1996-05-08 | 1996-08-08 | Aesculap Ag, 78532 Tuttlingen | Markierungselement |
| US5676146B1 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2000-04-18 | Osteotech Inc | Surgical implant containing a resorbable radiopaque marker and method of locating such within a body |
-
1996
- 1996-09-13 US US08713694 patent/US5676146B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-09-15 KR KR1019997002136A patent/KR20000036113A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-15 DE DE69738669T patent/DE69738669D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-15 AT AT97941069T patent/ATE394078T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-09-15 BR BR9711829-0A patent/BR9711829A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-09-15 CA CA002446573A patent/CA2446573C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-15 EP EP10183407A patent/EP2260790A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-09-15 ES ES97941069T patent/ES2307302T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-15 JP JP10513925A patent/JP2001500409A/ja active Pending
- 1997-09-15 CA CA002266047A patent/CA2266047A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-15 AU AU42703/97A patent/AU739912B2/en not_active Expired
- 1997-09-15 WO PCT/US1997/016253 patent/WO1998010712A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-15 EP EP97941069A patent/EP0932373B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-15 EP EP07014052A patent/EP1839622A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5676146B1 (en) | 2000-04-18 |
| JP2001500409A (ja) | 2001-01-16 |
| AU4270397A (en) | 1998-04-02 |
| CA2446573A1 (en) | 1998-03-19 |
| AU739912B2 (en) | 2001-10-25 |
| CA2446573C (en) | 2009-03-31 |
| EP1839622A3 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| EP0932373B1 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
| EP0932373A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
| WO1998010712A1 (en) | 1998-03-19 |
| US5676146A (en) | 1997-10-14 |
| KR20000036113A (ko) | 2000-06-26 |
| BR9711829A (pt) | 2000-01-18 |
| DE69738669D1 (de) | 2008-06-19 |
| EP1839622A2 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
| ATE394078T1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
| CA2266047A1 (en) | 1998-03-19 |
| EP2260790A3 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| EP2260790A2 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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