ES2312357T3 - Implante intersomatico anatomico. - Google Patents
Implante intersomatico anatomico. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2312357T3 ES2312357T3 ES00949674T ES00949674T ES2312357T3 ES 2312357 T3 ES2312357 T3 ES 2312357T3 ES 00949674 T ES00949674 T ES 00949674T ES 00949674 T ES00949674 T ES 00949674T ES 2312357 T3 ES2312357 T3 ES 2312357T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- sagittal
- walls
- transverse
- cage
- frontal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000008558 Osteophyte Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010934 exostosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2/4603—Special tools for implanting artificial joints for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2/4611—Special tools for implanting artificial joints for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/447—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Implante intersomático que se insertará en el espacio discal definido entre dos vértebras próximas, llamadas supra y subyacentes con intención de restablecer la anatomía del espacio intervertebral, presentándose el implante en forma de una jaula (1) en forma general de paralelepípedo que comprende al menos dos paredes sagitales (2, 3) prácticamente paralelas a un plano sagital (S) y unidas entre sí por al menos paredes transversales anterior (4) y posterior (5) prácticamente paralelas a un plano frontal (F), delimitando las paredes (2 a 5) entre sí un volumen abierto (7) para un llenado óseo y presentando rebordes (10, 10'') que se extienden a un lado para delimitar una primera cara transversal (8) y al otro lado, para delimitar una segunda cara transversal (9), estando el perfil (C8, C9) de cada cara transversal (8, 9) delimitado por protuberancias (11) dispuestas en los rebordes (10, 10'') de las paredes sagitales y frontales, caracterizado porque: - la primera cara transversal (8) presenta en el plano sagital, un perfil convexo (C8) que será congruente con el perfil anatómico sagital de una vértebra suprayacente, - la segunda cara transversal presenta en el plano frontal, un perfil convexo (C9) que será congruente con el perfil anatómico frontal de una vértebra subyacente.
Description
Implante intersomático anatómico.
La presente invención se refiere a un implante
intersomático que se insertará en el espacio discal definido entre
dos vértebras adyacentes, con intención de restituir una altura
intervertebral adecuada y de asegurar una fusión ósea entre dichas
vértebras adyacentes.
El objeto de la invención pretende, más
exactamente, un implante intersomático de tipo cervical, que se
alojará en el espacio discal definido entre dos vértebras
cervicales adyacentes.
En el estado de la técnica, se conoce la
inserción de un implante intersomático en el espacio discal definido
entre dos vértebras cervicales adyacentes. En la técnica anterior,
se han propuesto muchas realizaciones de dichos implantes
intersomáticos. Por ejemplo, se conoce por el documento FR 2 703
580, un implante intersomático que se insertará en el espacio
discal definido entre dos vértebras próximas con intención del
restablecimiento anatómico del espacio intervertebral,
presentándose el implante en forma de una jaula en forma general de
paralelepípedo que comprende al menos dos paredes sagitales
prácticamente paralelas a un plano sagital y unidas entre sí por al
menos paredes transversales anterior y posterior prácticamente
paralelas a un plano frontal. Las paredes delimitan entre sí un
volumen abierto para un llenado óseo y presentan rebordes que se
extienden a un lado para delimitar una primera cara transversal y
al otro lado para delimitar una segunda cara transversal. El perfil
de cada cara transversal está delimitado por protuberancias
dispuestas en los rebordes de las paredes sagitales y
frontales.
Para respetar lo mejor posible la anatomía de la
columna vertebral, el documento US-A 683 464
describe un implante intersomático que comprende caras
transversales que pueden tener perfiles convexos en el plano sagital
y/o en el plano frontal. Del mismo modo, el documento
US-A-5 865 845 propone un implante
intervertebral en el que los perfiles de las dos caras
transversales son convexos y congruentes con los perfiles de las
vértebras supra y subyacentes en el plano sagital. El perfil
de las caras transversales de este implante en el plano frontal es
cóncavo o plano.
De manera general, debe considerarse que la
inserción de un implante del tipo descrito en la técnica anterior,
en el espacio discal de dos vértebras adyacentes puede conducir a
una colocación incorrecta de las vértebras entre sí. De ello
resulta que no pueda obtenerse una buena reconstitución ósea entre
las vértebras en cuestión.
El objeto de la invención pretende por lo tanto
remediar los inconvenientes mencionados anteriormente proponiendo
un implante intersomático adaptado para respetar lo mejor posible la
anatomía de la columna vertebral.
Para alcanzar dicho objetivo, el implante
intersomático de acuerdo con la invención está de acuerdo con la
reivindicación 1.
Diversas características más resultan de la
descripción realizada a continuación en referencia a los dibujos
adjuntos que muestran, como ejemplos no limitantes, formas de
realización y de empleo del objeto de la invención.
La figura 1 es una vista en perspectiva de un
ejemplo de realización de un implante de acuerdo con la
invención.
La figura 2 es una vista frontal de un implante,
tomada prácticamente según la flecha f_{2} de la figura 1.
La figura 3 es una vista sagital de un implante,
tomada prácticamente según la flecha f_{3} de la figura 1.
La figura 4 es una vista en alzado de una pinza
de prensión, de un implante de acuerdo con la invención.
La figura 5 es una vista en perspectiva que
muestra un implante intersomático sujeto por una pinza de
prensión.
Tal como aparece más exactamente en las figuras
1 a 3, el implante intersomático de acuerdo con la invención se
presenta en forma de una jaula (1) que presenta una forma general de
paralelepípedo y que se insertará en el espacio discal entre dos
vértebras adyacentes, por ejemplo cervicales. La jaula (1) comprende
una primera pared sagital (2) y una segunda pared sagital (3) que
se extienden de forma prácticamente paralela una respecto a la otra
y a un plano S llamado sagital o antero-posterior.
Las paredes sagitales (2) y (3) están unidas entre sí por una pared
transversal, llamada anterior (4) y por una pared transversal,
llamada posterior (5) que se extienden de forma paralela una
respecto a la otra y a un plano frontal F perpendicular al plano
sagital S.
Debe observarse que la jaula (1) puede
comprender una o más paredes medias o intermedias que se extiendan
de forma prácticamente paralela a las paredes transversales y/o
sagitales. Preferiblemente, se disponen bordes internos redondeados
de empalme (6) entre las paredes sagitales y las paredes
transversales, por un lado, según sus caras verticales internas y,
por otro lado, según sus caras verticales externas, que permiten
disponer de una jaula (1) con esquinas redondeadas en sus caras
verticales externas e internas. Por ejemplo, las paredes (2) a (5)
presentan un grosor prácticamente del mismo valor. Del mismo modo,
la altura de la pared transversal anterior (4) presenta un valor
superior a la altura de la pared transversal posterior (5) (figura
3).
La jaula (1) presenta interiormente un volumen
(7) delimitado por las caras verticales internas de las paredes (2)
a (5) y que se rellenará con un producto de relleno óseo para la
fusión intersomática. Este volumen (7) se abre según una primera
cara transversal (8), llamada superior en el ejemplo ilustrado y una
segunda cara transversal (9), llamada inferior en el ejemplo
considerado. Las paredes (2) a (5) presentan, en un lado rebordes
(10) que delimitan la cara transversal superior (8) y, en el otro
lado, rebordes (10') que delimitan la cara transversal inferior
(9).
La jaula (1) comprende protuberancias o
salientes (11) dispuestos en los rebordes (10), (10') de las paredes
(2) a (5) para permitir una adhesión de la jaula a las vértebras
supra y subyacentes. Las protuberancias 11 están
constituidas, en el ejemplo preferido ilustrado, por muescas que se
extienden de forma paralela unas con respecto a otras y con
respecto al plano frontal (F). Por supuesto, las protuberancias
pueden presentar formas diferentes y estar realizadas por ejemplo,
por puntas individuales o por muescas en forma de V. De manera
general, debe entenderse que las caras transversales superior (8) e
inferior (9) corresponden a la envuelta que pasa por la cúspide de
las protuberancias (11).
De acuerdo con una característica de la
invención que se ilustra más exactamente en la figura 3, la cara
transversal superior (8) presenta en el plano sagital (S) un perfil
convexo (C_{8}) congruente o complementario al perfil anatómico
sagital de una vértebra próxima o suprayacente en el ejemplo
ilustrado. Debe entenderse que los rebordes (10) de las paredes y,
más exactamente, las protuberancias (11) que delimitan esta cara
transversal superior (8), se disponen para quedar inscritas en una
envuelta cuya sección en el plano sagital S, es de forma abombada o
convexa.
De acuerdo con otra característica de
realización preferida, la cara transversal superior (8) está
delimitada en el plano frontal (F) por un perfil rectilíneo o recto
(C'_{8}) (figura 2). Preferiblemente, los rebordes (10) de las
paredes (2) a (5) que delimitan la cara transversal superior 8 se
disponen para quedar empalmados con las caras exteriores de las
paredes (2) a (5) mediante bordes internos redondeados de empalme
(12).
De acuerdo con otra característica de la
invención que aparece más exactamente en la figura 2, la cara
transversal inferior (9) presenta, en el plano frontal (F), un
perfil convexo (C_{9}) congruente o complementario al perfil
anatómico frontal de una vértebra próxima o subyacente en el ejemplo
ilustrado. Los rebordes (10') de las paredes (2) a (5) y, más
exactamente, las protuberancias (11) que delimitan esta cara
transversal (9) se disponen para quedar inscritas en una envuelta
cuya sección en el plano (S), es de forma abombada.
Por otro lado, debe observarse que la cara
transversal inferior (9) presenta, en el plano sagital, un perfil
(C'_{9}) que es prácticamente recto.
Ventajosamente, la jaula (1) descrita
anteriormente está adaptada para recibir al menos un, y en el
ejemplo ilustrado, dos marcadores radiopacos (13) incorporados en
al menos una parte de la altura de la jaula a nivel de las paredes
transversales anterior (4) y posterior (5).
La jaula (1) descrita anteriormente está
particularmente adaptada para permitir su manipulación mediante una
pinza de prensión (15), tal como se ilustra en las figuras 4 y 5,
que comprende dos ramas (16) provistas cada una, en cada extremo,
de una mordaza de prensión (17).
Para ello, la jaula (1) comprende dos huecos
(20) que se extienden uno en la prolongación del otro y adaptados
para recibir cada uno un perno radial (21) dispuesto en cada mordaza
(17) de la pinza. En el ejemplo ilustrado, los huecos (20) se
realizan en las paredes sagitales (2) y (3) alineándose y
extendiéndose según una dirección frontal perpendicular al plano
sagital (S). Los huecos (20) se disponen, preferiblemente, próximos
a la pared transversal anterior (4). En el ejemplo ilustrado, cada
hueco (20) desemboca en las dos caras verticales opuestas de las
paredes (2) y (3). Por supuesto, puede preverse realizar los huecos
(20) a nivel de la pared transversal anterior (4) extendiéndose
según una dirección frontal perpendicular al plano sagital (S). En
esta realización, debe observarse que los dos huecos (20) pueden
comunicarse entre sí directamente para constituir un calibre único.
Los huecos (20) poseen una sección transversal recta adaptada para
recibir a un perno radial (21) y, por ejemplo, prácticamente
elíptica en el ejemplo ilustrado.
De acuerdo con una característica de realización
preferida, la jaula (1) comprende medios (23)
anti-rotación que cooperarán con medios
complementarios (24) dispuestos en las mordazas (17) de la pinza de
prensión, para obtener, en posición de prensión de la jaula por
parte de la pinza, un bloqueo relativo en rotación entre la jaula
(1) y la pinza (15). En el ejemplo ilustrado, estos medios
anti-rotación (23) están constituidos por una ranura
dispuesta en cada pared sagital (2), (3) para que se abra en un
hueco (20) correspondiente y extendiéndose hasta la cara externa de
la pared transversal anterior (4). Como se ilustra más
particularmente en la figura 3, cada ranura (23) posee una sección
transversal recta rectangular.
Tal como aparece más exactamente en las figuras
4 y 5, cada mordaza de prensión (17) se dispone para presentar,
como medio anti-rotación complementario (24), un
brazo o un barrote provisto, en su extremo libre, de un perno
radial (21) que se extienden alineados uno respecto al otro. Cada
brazo (24), que presenta una sección transversal complementaria a
la ranura (23), se encajará al menos en parte, en la ranura (23)
dispuesta en una pared sagital cuando cada perno (21) se encaja en
un hueco complementario (20).
El encajado de los pernos (21) en los huecos
(20) asegura la prensión de la jaula y su bloqueo en traslación,
mientras que la cooperación de los brazos (24) con las ranuras (23)
permite obtener un bloqueo en rotación, particularmente según una
dirección frontal. De ello resulta un bloqueo completo de la jaula
mediante las mordazas de prensión (17). Debe observarse que podría
preverse realizar de manera diferente los medios
anti-rotación (23), (24). Por ejemplo, podría
preverse realizar huecos (20) de forma prismática que cooperarán con
pernos de forma complementaria.
La jaula (1) descrita anteriormente está
particularmente adaptada para respetar la forma del espacio discal
definido entre dos vértebras, por ejemplo cervicales. El respeto de
la anatomía del disco intervertebral sustituido por la jaula (1)
favorece la fusión ósea entre las vértebras y la restauración de la
estática raquídea. Además, la colocación de la jaula (1) se
simplifica particularmente mediante la utilización de la pinza de
prensión (15). De este modo, a partir de una vía de acceso anterior
del raquis cervical, se procede a una resección de los osteofitos,
a una disectomía y después a un avivamiento de los platillos
vertebrales. A continuación, puede sujetarse una jaula (1) mediante
la pinza (15) asegurando, mediante una acción sobre las ramas (16)
para separar las mordazas (17), la colocación relativa entre los
pernos (21) y los huecos (20) y mediante una acción sobre las ramas
para acercar las mordazas (17), el encajado, por un lado, de los
pernos (21) en los huecos (20) y, por otro lado, de los brazos (24)
en las ranuras (23). Debe observarse que las ranuras (23) también
sirven para asegurar una función de guía para los pernos (21) que
son conducidos hasta el hueco, para que se introduzcan en él. En
esta posición, la jaula (1) está perfectamente bloqueada con
respecto a la pinza, gracias al encajado de los pernos (21) en los
huecos (20) y de los brazos (24) en las ranuras (23). La jaula (1)
puede introducirse en el espacio discal con la aplicación opcional
de fuerzas de empuje sobre el extremo (30) de la pinza. Una acción
sobre las ramas (16) para separar las mordazas (17) permite
asegurar la liberación de los pernos (21) de los huecos (20), con
intención de retirar la pinza.
La invención no se limita a los ejemplos
descritos y representados, ya que pueden realizarse diversas
modificaciones de la misma sin salir de su marco.
Claims (7)
1. Implante intersomático que se insertará en el
espacio discal definido entre dos vértebras próximas, llamadas
supra y subyacentes con intención de restablecer la anatomía
del espacio intervertebral, presentándose el implante en forma de
una jaula (1) en forma general de paralelepípedo que comprende al
menos dos paredes sagitales (2, 3) prácticamente paralelas a un
plano sagital (S) y unidas entre sí por al menos paredes
transversales anterior (4) y posterior (5) prácticamente paralelas
a un plano frontal (F), delimitando las paredes (2 a 5) entre sí un
volumen abierto (7) para un llenado óseo y presentando rebordes (10,
10') que se extienden a un lado para delimitar una primera cara
transversal (8) y al otro lado, para delimitar una segunda cara
transversal (9), estando el perfil (C_{8}, C_{9}) de cada cara
transversal (8, 9) delimitado por protuberancias (11) dispuestas en
los rebordes (10, 10') de las paredes sagitales y frontales,
caracterizado porque:
- -
- la primera cara transversal (8) presenta en el plano sagital, un perfil convexo (C_{8}) que será congruente con el perfil anatómico sagital de una vértebra suprayacente,
- -
- la segunda cara transversal presenta en el plano frontal, un perfil convexo (C_{9}) que será congruente con el perfil anatómico frontal de una vértebra subyacente.
2. Implante de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1,
caracterizado porque los rebordes (10, 10') de las paredes
sagitales y frontales comprenden protuberancias (11) que forman
muescas que se extienden de forma paralela unas con respecto a
otras y con respecto al plano frontal (F).
3. Implante de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 ó
2, caracterizado porque comprende al menos un marcador
radiopaco (13) que se extiende al menos en una parte de la altura
de una pared.
4. Implante de acuerdo con una de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque comprende dos
huecos de recepción (20) para las mordazas (17) de una pinza de
prensión, extendiéndose los huecos prácticamente uno frente al otro
según una dirección frontal perpendicular al plano sagital (S) de la
jaula.
5. Implante de acuerdo con la reivindicación 4,
caracterizado porque cada hueco (20) se abre al menos en la
cara externa de una pared sagital (2, 3).
6. Implante de acuerdo con la reivindicación 4 ó
5, caracterizado porque las paredes se disponen para
comprender medios anti-rotación (23) que cooperarán
con medios complementarios (24) dispuestos en las mordazas (17) de
la pinza de prensión, para obtener, en posición de prensión de la
jaula mediante la pinza, un bloqueo relativo entre la jaula y la
pinza.
7. Implante de acuerdo con la reivindicación 6,
caracterizado porque cada hueco (20) se abre en las paredes
sagitales (2, 3) en una ranura (23) que se extiende hasta la cara
externa de la pared anterior para constituir los medios
anti-rotación y permitir la inserción de las
mordazas de una pinza de prensión.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9909122A FR2795945B1 (fr) | 1999-07-09 | 1999-07-09 | Implant intersomatique anatomique et pince de prehension pour un tel implant |
| FR9909122 | 1999-07-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2312357T3 true ES2312357T3 (es) | 2009-03-01 |
Family
ID=9548084
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES00949674T Expired - Lifetime ES2312357T3 (es) | 1999-07-09 | 2000-07-07 | Implante intersomatico anatomico. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6964687B1 (es) |
| EP (1) | EP1194087B1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE406147T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU6295700A (es) |
| DE (1) | DE60040071D1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2312357T3 (es) |
| FR (1) | FR2795945B1 (es) |
| PT (1) | PT1194087E (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2001003615A1 (es) |
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- 2000-07-07 EP EP00949674A patent/EP1194087B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-07 AU AU62957/00A patent/AU6295700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-07 WO PCT/FR2000/001967 patent/WO2001003615A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-07 PT PT00949674T patent/PT1194087E/pt unknown
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2005
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| AU6295700A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
| ATE406147T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
| FR2795945B1 (fr) | 2001-10-26 |
| PT1194087E (pt) | 2008-12-10 |
| US6964687B1 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
| WO2001003615A1 (fr) | 2001-01-18 |
| EP1194087A1 (fr) | 2002-04-10 |
| US20050125029A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| FR2795945A1 (fr) | 2001-01-12 |
| EP1194087B1 (fr) | 2008-08-27 |
| DE60040071D1 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
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