ES3060855T3 - Cartridge for a treatment agent for a dishwasher, and dishwasher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dishwasher (1), comprising a rinse chamber (110) having one or more dispensing devices (111a-d), a coupling unit (120) for coupling one or more cartridges (2) for one or more treatment agents, and one or more connecting units (130), each for directly or indirectly connecting a corresponding cartridge (2) coupled to the coupling unit (120) to the dispensing devices (111a-d) or to a rinse tank (180) or to a boiler (190) of the dishwasher (1) for using the treatment agents for one or more rinse cycles of the dishwasher (1).

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Cartridge for a treatment agent for a dishwasher and dishwasher

[0003] The present invention relates to a cartridge for a treatment agent for a dishwasher, to a system consisting of several cartridges, to a dishwasher, and to a system consisting of the dishwasher and one or more cartridges.

[0004] Dishwashers generally require one or more treatment agents for one or more wash cycles, such as detergent, rinse aid, and/or an enzyme solution. Refilling the treatment agents poses a risk to the user, as they may come into direct contact with the agents during this step, which can cause skin and eye injuries and thus endanger their health.

[0005] In addition, multiple treatment agents used simultaneously for one or more wash cycles, such as detergent and rinse aid, can easily become confused, resulting in a deterioration of the quality of one or more wash cycles. If detergent and rinse aid are mixed, chemical precipitates can also form, which may block the dosing hoses, potentially reducing the dishwasher's lifespan or causing downtime.

[0006] Commercial dishwashers, in particular, consume large quantities of detergent in a short time. Therefore, large storage containers or bins are used for the continuous supply of treatment agents, especially in the commercial sector. Smaller or lighter containers are not used for economic reasons, as the required quantity of treatment agents leads to a short lifespan for the spare containers, particularly in large laundry facilities.

[0007] The treatment agent can be dispensed directly from the storage containers or receptacles using a dosing lance and used for one or more dishwasher wash cycles. If this arrangement is not possible due to space constraints, dishwashers with integrated storage tanks are used as an alternative; the user must fill these tanks with the treatment agent from the storage containers.

[0008] However, the storage containers currently available for commercial dishwashers are heavy and unwieldy due to their size. Furthermore, transporting these standard storage containers typically requires the transport of hazardous goods, as the potential for danger is particularly high due to their size. A leak or accidental release of the treatment agent from a storage container during transport can cause considerable damage to people, the environment, and materials. For this reason, special safety measures must be taken, which increases transport costs.

[0009] In smaller laundries or for those with low wash volumes, large storage containers also have longer service times. This worsens the quality of the treatment agents and limits their effectiveness. In particular, with solid treatment agents, which are generally hygroscopic substances, water can accumulate in the storage containers. Furthermore, the chemicals in the treatment agents can dissolve and precipitate again due to temperature fluctuations between dishwasher operation and pauses, resulting in disruptive precipitates that can clog the dishwasher's dosing pumps and hoses. Finally, solvent evaporation in the treatment agent can also exceed the solubility limit of some substances, further limiting the effectiveness of the treatment agents.

[0010] In addition, large storage containers or receptacles also make it difficult to fill the dishwasher with cleaning agents. The weight of the containers makes it difficult for the user to aim, so the cleaning chemicals can easily spill. In particular, if the container is already full, for example, inconsistent flow of the cleaning agent can occur due to the container's closure. This can lead to splashing and spillage of the cleaning agent, which poses a health risk to the user.

[0011] A cartridge and a domestic dishwasher with a detergent dosing system for a cartridge are disclosed by DE 102006 043 976 A1. This dishwasher comprises a housing space for at least one cartridge, the cartridge having separate chambers for housing at least one detergent cartridge. A similar domestic dishwasher is known by DE 10 2006 043 974 A1, which also has a housing space for at least one cartridge, the cartridge being configured such that the amount of detergent within the cartridge is greater than the amount required for one wash cycle.

[0012] WO 2010/015367 A2 discloses a dishwasher with a program control for controlling program sequences, the program control being designed for use with a dosing device that is not permanently installed in the dishwasher. The dosing system consists of a dosing unit and a cartridge.

[0013] Finally, WO 2006/073885 A2 discloses a washing machine with a special liquid treatment system comprising different filters.

[0015] It is an objective of the present invention to provide one or more cartridges for one or more treatment agents for a dishwasher, a dishwasher and a system formed by the dishwasher and the one or more cartridges, which improve the refilling of treatment agents for the dishwasher in terms of ease of use and/or hazard potential, taking into account the desired applications.

[0017] This objective is achieved by means of a dishwasher according to claim 1, a cartridge system according to claim 10 and a dishwasher system according to claim 11. Claims 2 to 9 relate to particularly advantageous embodiments of the dishwasher according to claim 1 and claims 12 and 13 relate to particularly advantageous embodiments of the dishwashing system according to claim 11.

[0019] According to the present invention, a dishwasher comprises a washing space or washing container with one or more dispensing devices, a coupling unit for attaching one or more cartridges for the one or more treatment agents, and one or more connection units respectively for directly or indirectly connecting a corresponding cartridge attached to the coupling unit to the one or more dispensing devices or to a washing tank or dishwasher boiler for the use of the one or more treatment agents for one or more dishwasher washing processes.

[0021] Herein, "directly or indirectly connecting" a cartridge to the one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler means that additional components, such as one or more pumps, valves, sensors, in particular fill level sensors, tanks or reserve reservoirs, may be connected between the cartridge and the one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler.

[0023] A cartridge can also be described as a treatment agent reservoir packaged in a sealed container. Each of the one or more cartridges can be either a disposable cartridge or a refillable, reusable cartridge. The cartridge can be configured as a stable container with a fixed or defined shape; in this case, it is advantageous if the cartridge has a purge valve or purge membrane to compensate for changes in volume within the cartridge due to treatment agent consumption. Alternatively, the cartridge can be configured as a flexible pouch or a bag-in-box system; in this case, the purge valve or purge membrane is unnecessary, as changes in volume within the cartridge can be compensated for by the cartridge's own contraction. The cartridge can also contain additional components besides a treatment agent reservoir, such as a coded closure piece or integrated intelligence, which are described later.

[0025] Each of the one or more treatment agents may be a liquid, a highly concentrated (i.e., a liquid with high viscosity), a gel, a powder, or a solid. The treatment agent may also be referred to as a washing agent, dishwashing detergent, washing chemical, or cleaning product. Examples of treatment agents include detergent, rinse aid, and enzyme solution. The one or more treatment agents in the respective cartridges may be the same or different from each other. For example, one cartridge may contain a detergent, and another cartridge may contain a rinse aid. In this case, the treatment agents in the one or more cartridges may be used simultaneously for one or more washing processes. Alternatively, two or more cartridges may each contain the same treatment agent. In this case, the two or more cartridges may be used sequentially, and at least one cartridge may serve as a spare cartridge, which is only connected to the one or more dispensing devices, a washing tank, or a boiler by means of a corresponding connection unit when another cartridge has been completely or mostly emptied. The parallel use of two or more cartridges also extends cartridge change intervals. This contributes to ease of use and minimizes hazards. Finally, a single cartridge can also contain several different treatment agents, each located in separate compartments within the cartridge. When such a cartridge is connected to one or more dispensing devices, a washing tank, or a boiler via a suitable connection unit, the multiple treatment agents within the cartridge can be used simultaneously for one or more washing processes.

[0027] The coupling unit may comprise a fixing unit for attaching one or more cartridges to the dishwasher and/or a positioning unit for positioning one or more cartridges relative to the dishwasher. In particular, the coupling unit may comprise a machine-side closing piece, and the cartridge may comprise a cartridge-side closing piece. The machine-side closing piece and the cartridge-side closing piece may form a closure through which the cartridge can be positioned relative to the coupling unit and/or fixed to the coupling unit. In particular, the closure may be a screw closure, a retaining closure, another mechanical closure, or an electromechanical closure. Furthermore, the coupling unit may be configured as a housing unit for accommodating one or more cartridges. In particular, the coupling unit may be configured as a cartridge compartment into which one or more cartridges can be inserted and which encloses the inserted one or more cartridges from one or more sides by means of the respective cartridge compartment wall sections.

[0028] The one or more connection units may be configured respectively as a pin that pierces a membrane of the corresponding cartridge or actuates a non-return valve of the corresponding cartridge, to connect the corresponding cartridge to the one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler. When a cartridge is connected to the one or more dispensing devices by means of the corresponding connection unit, the treatment agent may flow from the cartridge, for example through a supply line, to the one or more dispensing devices and be dispensed through the one or more dispensing devices into the wash compartment, for use in one or more dishwasher wash cycles. When the cartridge is connected to the wash tank or boiler by means of the corresponding connection unit, the treatment agent may flow from the cartridge, for example through a supply line, to the wash tank or boiler, to be available or used in one or more dishwasher wash cycles. Alternatively, the treatment agent may first enter a storage tank and be dispensed from the storage tank to one or more dispensing devices, or to the wash tank or boiler, as described in more detail below. The one or more connection units may be integrated into the coupling unit or configured separately. When a cartridge is coupled to the coupling unit, it can be automatically connected to one or more dispensing devices, or to the tank or boiler, via a corresponding connection unit. Alternatively, the cartridge may be coupled to the coupling unit without being automatically connected to one or more dispensing devices, or to the tank or boiler. In this case, the cartridge coupled to the coupling unit can only be connected to one or more dispensing devices, or to the wash tank or boiler, at a later time, for example, by a separate operation performed by the user, via the corresponding connection unit, as described in more detail below.

[0029] The dishwasher according to the invention has the advantage that the treatment agent required for one or more washing processes can be easily refilled by attaching and connecting a new cartridge or changing the cartridge, without the user coming into direct contact with the treatment agent. This reduces the risk of health hazards and increases ease of use.

[0031] Furthermore, no external equipment or filling devices, such as a dosing lance, are needed to refill the treatment agent. This makes refilling the treatment agent faster, easier, and less laborious for the user, thus increasing ease of use.

[0033] In addition, unlike conventional storage containers, the cartridges according to the invention are housed in the dishwasher, thus achieving a special space saving, which further increases ease of use.

[0035] Finally, the cartridges can be flexibly designed in shape and size, and in particular, smaller and lighter than conventional storage containers, making them easier for the user to lift. This also facilitates regulating the amount of treatment agent, especially for smaller washing businesses or those with low wash volumes, and can reduce the effort and costs involved in transporting the cartridges, particularly if the maximum number of cartridges the treatment agent can hold falls within the "limited quantities" regulations for the transport of hazardous substances, as described in more detail below.

[0037] In summary, the dishwasher according to the invention makes refilling the treatment agent safer (since, for example, transferring the treatment agent from a storage container is replaced by changing the cartridge, thus avoiding direct contact between the user and the treatment agent), easier (since heavy and unwieldy storage containers are replaced by lighter and more manageable cartridges, and external equipment and refilling devices are no longer needed), and more economical (since transport to the customer becomes cheaper thanks, for example, to "limited quantities" regulations, and those who do "little washing" can better estimate the amount of washing chemicals required, so there is no need to keep partially used storage containers). It also increases operational flexibility by allowing the use of different treatment agents in smaller container units without having to completely deplete them.

[0039] According to the invention, the coupling unit comprises a first coupling section for coupling a first cartridge and a second coupling section for coupling a second cartridge, wherein the first cartridge is not coupling to the second coupling section and/or the second cartridge is not coupling to the first coupling section. The first coupling section and the second coupling section may respectively be partial sections of a one-piece configured coupling unit, or the first coupling section and the second coupling section may be separately configured components of the dishwasher.

[0041] The first coupling section comprises a first machine-side closure piece, and the second coupling section comprises a second machine-side closure piece. Furthermore, the first cartridge may comprise a first cartridge-side closure piece, and the second cartridge may comprise a second cartridge-side closure piece. As described above, the first machine-side closure piece and the first cartridge-side closure piece may form a first closure, while the second machine-side closure piece and the second cartridge-side closure piece may form a second closure. The first and second closures are configured differently, such that the first cartridge-side closure piece cannot be attached to the second machine-side closure piece, and/or vice versa. In this case, the first or second locking mechanism may be called the coded locking mechanism, and both the cartridge-side locking piece and the machine-side locking piece of the first or second locking mechanism may be called the coded locking piece, respectively. In other words, the first and second mating sections may be configured for precise, but preferably non-exclusive, unambiguous positioning and/or mating of a corresponding cartridge.

[0043] Alternatively, the first and second coupling sections may be of different sizes or shapes, such that only a cartridge of a corresponding size or shape can be coupled to the respective coupling section. In particular, the first and second coupling sections may each be configured as a separate housing unit for accommodating a corresponding cartridge. Specifically, each coupling section may be configured as a separate cartridge compartment into which only a cartridge of the corresponding size or shape can be inserted.

[0045] Alternatively, the first and second coupling sections may each have different color coding corresponding to the corresponding color coding of the cartridges. For example, a coupling unit marked with a first color may be intended or suitable for coupling a cartridge marked with the first color, and a coupling unit marked with a second color may be intended or suitable for coupling a cartridge marked with the second color. The different colors of the coupling points and cartridges allow the user to easily assign the cartridges to the respective coupling sections, even without language skills.

[0047] This design is particularly advantageous because it prevents the user from confusing different cartridges and, therefore, different dishwasher treatment agents. This increases ease of use and safety when refilling the treatment products.

[0049] Furthermore, the dishwasher may comprise a first connection unit for connecting the first cartridge, coupled to the first coupling section, to one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler, and a second connection section for connecting the second cartridge, coupled to the second coupling section, to one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler. The first and second connection units may be configured separately and connect the first and second cartridges to the one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler independently of each other. In this way, the treatment agents of the first or second cartridge may be used independently of each other for one or more washing processes, depending on the user's desired settings. Alternatively, the first and second connection units may be connected or coupled together, so that the first and second cartridges can only be connected simultaneously to the one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler. In this way, the simultaneous use of both treatment agents can be guaranteed to obtain an optimal washing result and simplify the use of the dishwasher.

[0051] According to the invention, the first coupling section comprises a first identification and retention segment. The first identification and retention segment is configured to engage a first counter-retention segment of the first cartridge to identify the first cartridge. The first identification and retention segment is also configured to engage a third counter-retention segment of the first cartridge to couple the identified first cartridge to the first coupling section. In particular, the first identification and retention segment may be an integral part of the first machine-side closing piece. Likewise, the second coupling section comprises a second identification and retention segment. The second identification and retention segment is configured to engage a second counter-retention segment of the second cartridge to identify the second cartridge. The second identification and retention segment is further configured to engage a fourth counter-retention segment of the second identified cartridge to couple the identified second cartridge to the second coupling section. In particular, the second identification and retention segment may be an integral part of the second machine-side closing piece.

[0053] In particular, the first identification and retention segment may comprise a projection, and the first and third counter-retention segments of the first cartridge may respectively comprise a notch into which the projection of the first identification and retention segment can fit. Alternatively, the first identification and retention segment may comprise a notch, and the first and third counter-retention segments of the first cartridge may respectively comprise a projection that can fit into the notch of the first identification and retention segment. The analogous applies to the second cartridge, i.e., the second identification and retention segment may comprise a projection, and the second and fourth counter-retention segments of the second cartridge may respectively comprise a notch into which the projection of the second identification and retention segment can fit. Alternatively, the second identification and retention segment may comprise a notch, and the second and fourth counter-retention segments of the second cartridge may respectively comprise a projection that can fit into the notch of the second identification and retention segment.

[0055] The size and/or shape of the first identification and retention segment may differ from the size and/or shape of the second identification and retention segment, such that the first identification and retention segment cannot fit into the second or fourth counter-retention segment of the second cartridge, and/or the second identification and retention segment cannot fit into the first or third counter-retention segment of the first cartridge. In particular, this makes it possible to identify or detect the first cartridge by the first identification and retention segment, in that the first identification and retention segment fits into the first counter-retention segment of the first cartridge, and to identify or detect the second cartridge by the second identification and retention segment, in that the second identification and retention segment fits into the second counter-retention segment of the second cartridge. In this way, the first or second cartridge can be identified before it is attached to the respective first or second coupling section and connected to the one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler via the first or second connection unit. This prevents the first cartridge from being attached to the second coupling section or the second cartridge from being attached to the first coupling section. In other words, it prevents an incorrect or unsuitable cartridge, particularly one for an incorrect or unsuitable cleaning agent, from being attached to a coupling section, or a user from attempting to attach the incorrect or unsuitable cartridge to the coupling section. This avoids damage to the cartridge, the coupling unit, the connection unit, and/or other dishwasher components, as well as a reduction in washing quality. The different sizes and/or shapes of the respective identification and retention segments represent a particularly efficient, easy-to-produce, and cost-effective means of identifying the respective cartridges. Other advantages of this embodiment are described later in relation to the cartridge system comprising the first and second cartridges.

[0057] Furthermore, the material of the first identification and retention segment may differ from the material of the second identification and retention segment. In particular, an electrical, magnetic, or optical property of the material of the first identification and retention segment may differ from an electrical, magnetic, or optical property of the material of the second identification and retention segment. For example, the material of the first identification and retention segment may be magnetic, and the material of the second identification and retention segment may be non-magnetic, or the magnetic susceptibility of the first identification and retention segment may differ from the magnetic susceptibility of the second identification and retention segment. Additionally, the material of the first identification and retention segment may be electrically conductive, and the material of the second identification and retention segment may not be electrically conductive, or the electrical conductivity of the first identification and retention segment may differ from the electrical conductivity of the second identification and retention segment.

[0058] When the first or second identification and retention segment fits into the first counter-retention segment of the first cartridge or the second counter-retention segment of the second cartridge, the material of the first or second identification and retention segment can be detected or recognized by the respective cartridge. For example, a property of the material of an identification and retention segment, such as electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, or an optical property such as the color or transparency of the material, can be detected or measured by the respective cartridge, for example, by means of a conductivity sensor, a Hall sensor, or an optical sensor in the cartridge. Alternatively, the material of the respective identification and retention segment can be detected by interaction with a material of a counter-retention segment of the respective cartridge, for example, by magnetic attraction or repulsion between the two materials.

[0060] The detection result can be converted into a signal, preferably electrical, that controls, for example, a mechanical lock of the respective cartridge or the respective coupling section, so that the first or second identification and retention segment fits further into the third counter-retention segment of the first cartridge or the fourth counter-retention segment of the second cartridge, thereby enabling or preventing coupling of the respective cartridge to the respective coupling section, depending on the material detected (the third and fourth counter-retention segments are described in more detail below). Alternatively, the signal can be sent to the user to inform them whether the respective cartridge is suitable for coupling to the respective coupling section or not. For example, depending on the presence of magnetic attraction or repulsion between a cartridge and a coupling section, the user can determine whether the cartridge is suitable for coupling to the respective coupling section or not. In particular, this makes it possible to identify the first or second cartridge by the first or second identification and retention segment. The use of different materials for the first and second identification and retention segments represents a particularly efficient, easy-to-produce, and economical means of identifying cartridges.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment, the first coupling section (or the first identification and retention segment) comprises a first identification emitter for emitting a first identification signal, and the second coupling section (or the second identification and retention segment) comprises a second identification emitter for emitting a second identification signal, wherein the second identification signal is different from the first identification signal. Furthermore, the first cartridge (or the first counter-retention segment) comprises a first identification receiver for receiving and identifying the first identification signal, and the second cartridge (or the second counter-retention segment) comprises a second identification receiver for receiving and identifying the second identification signal. In addition, the dishwasher and/or the first and second cartridges may be configured such that: i) when the first identification receiver receives the first identification signal, the first cartridge is coupled to the first coupling section and/or coupled to one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler by means of the first connection unit; (ii) when the first identification receiver receives the second identification signal, the first cartridge cannot be coupled to the second coupling section and/or cannot be connected to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler by means of the second connection unit; (ii) when the second first identification receiver receives the second identification signal, the second cartridge cannot be coupled to the second coupling section and/or can be connected to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler by means of the second connection unit; and/or (ii) when the second identification receiver receives the first identification signal, the second cartridge cannot be coupled to the first coupling section and/or cannot be connected to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler by means of the first connection unit.

[0064] The first or second identification emitters may respectively be an RFID transponder, and the first or second identification receiver may respectively be an RFID reader. Conversely, the identification emitters may also be contained in the respective cartridges and the identification receivers in the respective docking sections.

[0066] It should be noted that the foregoing describes only two different coupling sections for attaching a corresponding cartridge. However, the dishwasher may also comprise three or more different or similar coupling sections for attaching a cartridge. For example, the dishwasher may comprise three coupling sections, one for attaching a detergent cartridge, one for a rinse aid, and one for an additional treatment agent (e.g., antifoam, enzyme detergent, or disinfectant components).

[0068] In another preferred embodiment, the coupling unit is configured to couple a plurality of identical or substantially identical cartridges. In particular, a plurality of cartridges for the same treatment agent can be coupled to the coupling unit and connected to one or more dispensing devices, or to the washing tank or boiler, by means of corresponding connection units. This reduces the size and weight of the individual cartridges and further simplifies their transport and handling. Furthermore, the multiple identical or substantially identical cartridges can be used sequentially. For example, a second cartridge, serving as a spare, can only be connected to one or more dispensing devices, or to the washing tank or boiler, by means of the second connection unit, once a first cartridge, which is already connected to one or more dispensing devices, or to the washing tank or boiler, by means of the first connection unit, has been completely or substantially emptied. This has the advantage that the quality of the treatment agent in the reserve cartridge does not deteriorate until the cartridge is connected to the dispensing device(s), the wash tank, or the boiler. This makes regulating the amount of treatment agent even easier, particularly for small laundries or those with low wash volumes.

[0070] In another preferred embodiment, the coupling unit is arranged so that it can be moved from side to side with respect to the washing space between a coupling position for coupling the one or more cartridges and an operating position for connecting, by means of the one or more connection units, one or more coupled cartridges to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler, wherein the operating position differs from the coupling position.

[0072] In this way, the one or more cartridges can be attached to the coupling unit in the docking position without automatically connecting to the one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler via the one or more connection units. Specifically, the one or more cartridges can only be connected to the one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler at a later time, once the coupling unit has been moved to the operating position, via the one or more connection units. This allows for a phased and secure attachment of the one or more cartridges to the coupling unit and a secure connection of the one or more cartridges to the one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler, thus preventing damage to the cartridges, the coupling unit, the one or more connection units, or other components of the dishwasher. In particular, the user can select the time of connection of the one or more cartridges to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler independently of the time of coupling of the one or more cartridges to the coupling unit, thus increasing ease of use.

[0074] When the coupling unit is in the operating position, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one connection unit is arranged so that it can be moved relative to the coupling unit between a first position and a second position. When the at least one connection unit is in the first position, the cartridge coupled to the coupling unit, corresponding to the at least one connection unit, is not connected to the dispensing device(s) or the washing tank or boiler, and when the connection unit is in the second position, the cartridge is connected to the dispensing device(s) or the washing tank or boiler. Preferably, this applies to each of the one or more connection units; that is, each of the one or more connection units can be arranged so that it can be moved relative to the coupling unit between a respective first position and a respective second position, as described above.

[0076] In this way, one or more cartridges can be attached to the coupling unit in the coupling position, and the coupling unit can be moved to the operating position without the one or more cartridges automatically connecting to the one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler via the one or more connection units. For example, in a first step, one or more cartridges can be attached to the coupling unit; in a second step, the coupling unit can be moved to the operating position; and only in a third step can the one or more connection units be moved from the first position to the second position to connect the one or more cartridges to the one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler. This method ensures the sequential and secure coupling of one or more cartridges to the coupling unit, the safe movement of the coupling unit to the operating position, and the secure connection of one or more cartridges to one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler. This prevents damage to the cartridges, the coupling unit, the connection units, or other dishwasher components. Specifically, the user can select the connection point for one or more cartridges to the dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler independently of the coupling process and the movement of the coupling unit to the operating position, further enhancing ease of use.

[0078] According to another preferred embodiment, the dishwasher further comprises a housing with an opening for inserting one or more cartridges into the dishwasher and an opening and closing unit, wherein the opening and closing unit may be configured in particular as a folding, sliding, rotating, or pivoting unit. The opening and closing unit is arranged so that it can be moved back and forth between an open position for opening the housing opening and a closed position for closing the housing opening, being arranged in particular as a folding, sliding, rotating, or pivoting unit. The opening and closing unit is connected to the coupling unit such that when the opening and closing unit is in the open position, the coupling unit is in the engaged position, and when the opening and closing unit is in the closed position, the coupling unit is in the operating position.

[0079] In particular, the opening and closing unit may be a dosing cap that opens or closes a dosing opening in the dishwasher housing, through which one or more cartridges can be inserted into the dishwasher. When the opening and closing unit is in the open position, the coupling unit is in the coupling position so that the user can easily attach the one or more cartridges to the coupling unit. By moving the opening and closing unit to the closed position, the one or more cartridges can be conveyed through the housing opening into the dishwasher. At the same time, the coupling unit moves to the operating position, so that after the opening and closing unit is moved to the closed position, no further action is required by the user to move the coupling unit to the operating position. This increases the ease of use for refilling the treatment agent.

[0081] According to another preferred embodiment, the dishwasher comprises at least one reservoir for holding the treatment agent from at least one cartridge and for dispensing the treatment agent to one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler. The reservoir may also be described as an intermediate reservoir.

[0083] The reservoir includes a sensor for determining a quantity, such as a volume or weight, of the treatment agent in the reservoir. The quantity of treatment agent can be determined, for example, by a capacitive, optical, mechanical, or other physical method of measuring the fill level of the treatment agent in the reservoir. The maximum capacity of the treatment agent in the cartridge can be equal to or greater than the maximum capacity of the treatment agent in the reservoir. In particular, the maximum capacity of the treatment agent in the cartridge can be a multiple, for example, double, triple, quadruple, quintuple, or decuple, of the maximum capacity of the treatment agent in the reservoir. It should be noted that the dishwasher can also include several reservoirs, which are configured respectively to hold the treatment agent from the corresponding cartridge and to dispense the treatment agent from the corresponding cartridge to one or more dispensing devices, the wash tank, or the boiler. Furthermore, each of the several reserve tanks may comprise a sensor to determine a quantity of treatment agent in the respective reserve tank and to control the dishwasher according to that determination.

[0085] The embodiment described above has the advantage that even after the cartridge has been completely emptied, one or more wash cycles are still possible using the treatment agent in the reserve tank. In particular, the reserve tank in the dishwasher can serve as an anti-emptying protection for the treatment agent conveying mechanism. In this way, the cartridge can be completely emptied of chemicals. Furthermore, the sensor can determine the amount of detergent remaining in the reserve tank and perform a corresponding monitoring of the dishwasher. For example, the user can be informed of the amount of treatment agent remaining in the reserve tank so that they can change the cartridge in time and thus prevent the reserve tank from being completely emptied. Another advantage of integrating the sensor into the dishwasher tank instead of, for example, the cartridge, is that less waste is generated and more durable technologies can be used.

[0087] In particular, the dishwasher may be configured to emit a warning signal when the amount of treatment agent in the reservoir, as determined by the sensor, falls below a first minimum value. The warning signal may consist of an audible signal and/or an indication on a display of the dishwasher. The first minimum value may be equal to or greater than the amount of treatment agent required for one or more dishwasher wash cycles.

[0089] In particular, the first minimum value can be a multiple, for example, double, triple, quadruple, quintuple, or decuple, of the usage quantity. The warning signal can prompt the user to change the cartridge in time, provided there is still enough treatment agent in the reservoir for one or more remaining wash cycles, even if the cartridge is mostly empty. This ensures the continuous availability of the treatment agent and increases ease of use. Furthermore, completely emptying the cartridges also ensures greater economy and protects the environment, as less treatment agent is discarded.

[0091] According to another preferred embodiment, the dishwasher comprises a valve and a control unit. The valve is configured such that when at least one cartridge is connected to one or more dispensing devices or to the wash tank or boiler by means of the corresponding connection unit and the valve is open, the treatment agent can flow from the cartridge to the reservoir. The valve is also configured such that when the valve is closed, the treatment agent from the cartridge cannot flow to the reservoir. The control unit is configured to open and close the valve based on the amount of treatment agent in the reservoir, as determined by the sensor. In particular, the control unit may be implemented by means of a mechanical component, a hardware component, and/or a software component of the dishwasher.

[0093] The valve and control unit make it possible to efficiently control the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank and thus increase the ease of use of the dishwasher.

[0095] In particular, the control unit may be configured to open the valve when the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank, as determined by the sensor, falls below a second minimum value, the second minimum value preferably being higher than the first minimum value. The second minimum value may be equal to or greater than a usage quantity of the treatment agent required for one or more dishwasher wash cycles. In particular, the second minimum value may be a multiple, for example, double, triple, quadruple, quintuple, or decuple, of the usage quantity. This configuration of the control unit ensures that the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank does not fall below the second minimum value, at least as long as there is treatment agent in the cartridge that can enter the reserve tank. This guarantees the continuous availability of the treatment agent in the reserve tank, increases ease of use, and improves washing quality.

[0097] Furthermore, the control unit can be configured to close the valve when the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank, as determined by the sensor, exceeds a maximum value, the maximum value preferably being greater than the first minimum value and/or greater than the second minimum value. The maximum value can be equal to or greater than the amount of treatment agent required for one or more dishwashing cycles. In particular, the maximum value can be a multiple, for example, double, triple, quadruple, quintuple, or decuple, of the amount required. This configuration of the control unit thus ensures that the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank does not exceed the maximum value. This is particularly advantageous if the user only intends to perform a small number of wash cycles and wishes to store the remaining treatment agent in the cartridge for later use. This also makes refilling the treatment agent easier.

[0099] According to the present invention, a system comprising several cartridges for one or more treatment agents for a dishwasher comprises at least a first cartridge and a second cartridge. The first cartridge comprises a first retaining counter-segment for engaging the first identification and retention segment, and the second cartridge comprises a second retaining counter-segment for engaging the second identification and retention segment. The size and/or shape of the first retaining counter-segment may differ from the size and/or shape of the second retaining counter-segment. As described above in relation to the dishwasher according to the invention, this makes it possible for the first cartridge to be identified or detected by the engagement of the first identification and retention segment with the first retaining counter-segment of the first cartridge, and for the second cartridge to be identified or detected by the engagement of the second identification and retention segment with the second retaining counter-segment of the second cartridge. In this way, as described above, damage to the cartridge system or the dishwasher can be avoided, as well as a reduction in washing quality caused by the insertion or connection of an incorrect or unsuitable cartridge. The difference in size and/or shape of the respective retaining segments represents a particularly efficient, easy-to-produce, and economical means of identifying the respective cartridges.

[0101] Furthermore, the material of the first retaining segment may differ from the material of the second retaining segment. In particular, an electrical, magnetic, or optical property of the material of the first retaining segment may differ from an electrical, magnetic, or optical property of the material of the second retaining segment. For example, the material of the first retaining segment may be magnetic and the material of the second retaining segment may be non-magnetic, or the magnetic susceptibility of the first retaining segment may differ from the magnetic susceptibility of the second retaining segment. In addition, the material of the first retaining segment may be electrically conductive and the material of the second retaining segment may not be electrically conductive, or the electrical conductivity of the first retaining segment may differ from the electrical conductivity of the second retaining segment.

[0102] When the first or second identification and retention segment fits into the first counter-retention segment of the first cartridge or the second counter-retention segment of the second cartridge, the material of the respective counter-retention segment can be detected or recognized by the respective identification and retention segment. For example, a material property of a counter-retention segment, such as electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, or an optical property such as the material's color or transparency, can be detected or measured by a coupling section, for example, by means of a conductivity sensor, a Hall sensor, or an optical sensor in the coupling section. Alternatively, the material of a counter-retention segment can be detected by interaction with a material of an identification and retention segment, for example, by magnetic attraction or repulsion between the two materials.

[0104] The detection result can be converted into a signal, preferably electrical, that controls, for example, a mechanical lock of the respective coupling section or cartridge, so that the first or second identification and retention segment engages further with the third counter-retention segment of the first cartridge or the fourth counter-retention segment of the second cartridge, thereby enabling or preventing coupling of the respective cartridge to the respective coupling section, depending on the material detected (the third and fourth counter-retention segments are described in more detail below). Alternatively, the electrical signal can be sent to the user to inform them whether the respective cartridge is suitable for coupling to the respective coupling section. For example, depending on the presence of magnetic attraction or repulsion between a cartridge and a coupling section, the user can determine whether the cartridge is suitable for coupling to the respective coupling section. This makes it possible to identify the first or second cartridge by the first or second identification and retention segment. The use of different materials for the first or second retaining counter-segment of the first or second cartridge, respectively, in combination with the use of different materials for the first or second identification and retention segment of the first or second coupling section, represents a particularly efficient, easy-to-produce, and economical means of identifying the cartridges. According to a preferred embodiment, the first cartridge further comprises a third retaining counter-segment for engaging the first identification and retention segment, wherein the size, shape, and/or material of the third retaining counter-segment is identical or nearly identical to the size, shape, and/or material of the first retaining counter-segment, and wherein the third retaining counter-segment and the first retaining counter-segment are spaced apart from each other in the direction of insertion of the first cartridge into the dishwasher. Furthermore, the second cartridge comprises a fourth retaining counter-segment for coupling the second identification and retention segment, wherein the size and/or shape and/or material of the fourth retaining counter-segment is identical or nearly identical to the size and/or shape and/or material of the second retaining counter-segment, and wherein the fourth retaining counter-segment and the second retaining counter-segment are spaced from each other in an insertion direction of the second cartridge in the dishwasher.

[0105] This makes it possible that, when the first cartridge is inserted into the dishwasher, the first identification and retention segment engages with the first counter-retention segment of the first cartridge, thus identifying or detecting the first cartridge. Only after the first cartridge has been identified or detected can the first identification and retention segment engage with the third counter-retention segment of the first cartridge and thus couple the first cartridge to the first coupling section. This occurs, for example, when the user applies additional force to the first cartridge in the insertion direction, causing the first identification and retention segment to disengage from the first counter-retention segment and then engage with the third counter-retention segment. In this way, the first cartridge can only be coupled to the first coupling section after it has been identified by the first identification and retention segment. Similarly, the second cartridge can only be coupled to the second coupling section after it has been identified by the second identification and retention segment. In this way, specifically, the first cartridge can be prevented from attaching to the second coupling section, or vice versa. This, as described above, prevents damage to the cartridge system or the dishwasher, as well as a reduction in washing quality caused by incorrect cartridge attachment or connection.

[0106] According to the present invention, a dishwashing system comprises the dishwasher and one or more cartridges, preferably the system formed by several cartridges as described above. The dishwashing system increases ease of use with regard to refilling the treatment agent. According to another preferred embodiment of the dishwashing system, the multiple cartridges have, respectively, an identical or substantially identical shape, size, and/or maximum capacity for the respective treatment agent.

[0107] This simplifies the manufacturing, transport, and storage of multiple cartridges, thus saving costs. Furthermore, it allows multiple cartridges to be emptied simultaneously, for example, if the same amount of treatment agent is used in each cartridge for one or more washing processes. This means the user can always replace several cartridges at the same time, reducing the frequency of cartridge changes. This increases ease of use and safety when refilling the treatment agent.

[0108] According to another preferred embodiment of the dishwashing system, at least one cartridge of one or more cartridges comprises an outlet opening and one or more drainage surfaces configured such that, when the cartridge is connected to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler by means of the corresponding connection unit, the treatment agent can drain from the cartridge along the one or more drainage surfaces in the direction of the outlet opening and exit the cartridge through the outlet opening, to flow into the one or more dispensing devices or into the washing tank or boiler or reservoir tank, wherein at least one drainage surface or each drainage surface is inclined at a respective angle greater than 0° and less than 90°, preferably at a respective angle of 45°, 50°, 60°, 70° or 80°, with respect to an outlet direction of the treatment agent from the cartridge.

[0109] In this way, the treatment agent can flow along one or more inclined drainage surfaces toward the outlet opening and exit the cartridge through the outlet opening. This allows for complete or near-complete emptying of the cartridge, resulting in cost savings for the user and improved cartridge disposal.

[0110] According to the present invention, a cartridge for a dishwasher treatment agent described above also has a maximum capacity for the treatment agent, which preferably falls within the "limited quantities" regulations for the transport of hazardous substances. In particular, a maximum capacity may be a maximum capacity volume of the treatment agent less than or equal to 0.5 liters, 1 liter, 2 liters, 5 liters, 10 liters, or 20 liters. Alternatively, the maximum capacity may be a maximum weight of the treatment agent less than or equal to 0.5 kg, 1 kg, 2 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, or 20 kg. Alternatively, the sum of the weight of the cartridge itself and the maximum weight of the treatment agent may be less than or equal to 0.5 kg, 1 kg, 2 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 20 kg, or 30 kg.

[0111] By packaging the treatment agent in individual cartridges, the potential hazard can be minimized to such an extent that the transport of the cartridges falls within the "limited quantities" regulations. The transport of dangerous goods in inner packagings is permitted, for example, up to a total gross quantity of the complete package of 30 kg. In this case, the hazard potential is classified as lower, since the total quantity of the treatment agent is divided into small, individual units. This increases the likelihood that not all individual units will be released and reduces the extent of damage caused by any released individual unit. In this way, the potential risk of the treatment agent escaping during the transport of the cartridges can be reduced, thereby decreasing the effort and costs involved in transporting the treatment agent.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment, the cartridge according to the invention may also include additional complexity modules, such as an integrated conveyor mechanism for the treatment agent and/or integrated intelligence (e.g., barcode, PIN encoding, RFID, QR code, chip, NFC (Near Field Communication NFC)). Connecting the cartridge to a dishwasher control system then enables, for example, automatic detection of the cartridge or the treatment agent within the cartridge, automatic dosing of the treatment agent based on this detection, and timely display or calculation of the remaining wash cycles, making it easier to estimate whether the remaining treatment agent in the cartridge is sufficient for the wash operation. In other words, the dishwasher's dosing pump control system can dispense different volumes depending on the treatment agent, and the dishwasher receives the corresponding information about the treatment agent via the integrated intelligence.

[0113] These and other features and advantages of the invention result from the accompanying schematic drawings, which show particularly advantageous embodiments. They show:

[0114] Figure 1 is a schematic functional diagram of an embodiment of the dishwasher according to the invention;

[0115] Figure 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the dishwasher according to the invention with two cartridges according to the invention;

[0116] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a dishwasher coupling unit with a first and a second coupling section, as well as a first and a second cartridge, which can be coupled respectively to the first or second coupling section;

[0117] Figure 4a is a schematic view of an embodiment of the dishwasher according to the invention with a folding unit, wherein the folding unit is in the open position and the coupling unit is in the coupling position, so that a cartridge can be coupled to the coupling unit;

[0118] Figure 4b is a schematic view as in Figure 4a, wherein the cartridge is already attached to the coupling unit and the folding unit moves from the open position to a closed position to move the coupling unit from the coupling position to the operating position; Figure 4c is a schematic view as in Figure 4b, wherein the folding unit is in the closed position and the coupling unit is in the operating position, and wherein the attached cartridge is connected to the one or more dispensing devices or to the washing tank or boiler by means of the connection unit;

[0119] Figure 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the dishwasher according to the invention with a cartridge, wherein the dishwasher comprises a reservoir for housing the cartridge treatment agent;

[0120] Figure 6a a side elevation of a first cartridge and a first coupling section to which the first cartridge is coupled;

[0121] Figure 6b a side elevation of a second cartridge and a second coupling section to which the second cartridge is coupled;

[0122] Figure 7a, a plan view from above of the first cartridge and the first coupling section along the cross-sectional surface A-A of Figure 6a, and a cross-section C-C corresponding to the side elevation of Figure 6a; and

[0123] Figure 7b is a top plan view of the second cartridge and the second coupling section along the cross-sectional surface B-B of Figure 6b, and a cross-sectional surface D-D corresponding to the side elevation of Figure 6b.

[0124] Figure 1 schematically shows a functional scheme of an embodiment of a dishwasher 1 according to the invention, comprising a housing 140 and a washing space 110. The dishwasher 1 comprises several dispensing devices for dispensing the treatment agent onto the dishes 111a-d, in particular a first dispensing device 111a and a third dispensing device 111c, respectively, for dispensing a treatment agent such as a cleaning liquid into the washing space 110, and a second dispensing device 111b and a fourth dispensing device 111d, respectively, for dispensing an additional treatment agent such as a rinse aid, in particular a rinse aid liquid, into the washing space 110. In this embodiment, the dispensing devices 111a-d are configured as wash arms rotatably arranged in the washing space 110 of the dishwasher 1. A washing basket 112 is also located in the washing space 110, particularly for holding arrange the cutlery in an orderly fashion.

[0125] The dishwasher 1 further comprises a first coupling section 120a and a second coupling section 120b. A first cartridge 2a can be coupled to the first coupling section 120a, and a second cartridge 2b can be coupled to the second coupling section 120b. The first cartridge 2a can contain the cleaning fluid, and the second cartridge 2b can be filled with a concentrated rinse aid. The first cartridge 2a coupled to the first coupling section 2a can be connected to a washing tank 180 by means of a first connection unit 130a (not shown), so that the cleaning fluid can be conveyed from the first cartridge 2a to the washing tank 180 via a first inlet conduit 183. A first conveying device, in this case a first dosing pump 183a, is provided in the first inlet conduit 183. When switched on, the first dosing pump 183a enables the dispensing or conveying of cleaning fluid from the first cartridge 2a to the washing tank 180, while when switched off, no cleaning fluid is dispensed to the washing tank 180.

[0126] The washing tank 180 comprises a screening system 182 and a heating device 181 for heating the cleaning fluid located in the washing tank 180. In addition, the washing tank 180 is connected to a first dispensing conduit 185, through which the cleaning fluid can be conveyed to the first dispensing device 111a and the third dispensing device 111c in the washing space 110. A conveying device, in this case a washing pump 185a, is provided in the first supply conduit 185. When switched on, the washing pump 185a enables the dispensing or conveying of cleaning fluid from the washing tank 180 to the dispensing devices 111a and 111c, while when switched off, no cleaning fluid is supplied to the dispensing devices.

[0127] The cleaning fluid dispensed through dispensing devices 111a and 111c accumulates back in the wash tank 180 after being dispensed into the wash space 110, thus completing a wash cycle. Furthermore, the dishwasher 1 comprises a wastewater conduit 310 with a bleach pump 310a, through which the soiled wash fluid from the wash tank 180 can be dispensed and removed.

[0128] The second cartridge 2b, coupled to the second coupling section 2a, can be connected to the boiler 190 by means of a second connection unit 130b (not shown). The concentrated rinse aid from the second cartridge 2b flows into a second supply line 193 and mixes with potable water from a potable water line 330, thus producing a diluted liquid rinse aid, which then enters the boiler 190. A second conveying device, in this case a second dosing pump 193a, is provided in the second inlet line 193. When switched on, this pump dispenses or conveys concentrated rinse aid from the second cartridge 2b to the boiler 190, while when switched off, no concentrated rinse aid is dispensed to the boiler 190. The dosing pump 193a, in particular... The rinse aid concentration, i.e., the ratio of concentrated rinse aid to potable water, can be precisely controlled. The potable water supply line 330 further comprises a valve device, in this embodiment a solenoid valve 340. The valve device enables the supply of potable water to the boiler 190 when it is in the open position and prevents the supply of potable water to the boiler 190 when it is in the closed position. A water safety device 350 is also located in the inlet line 330.

[0129] The boiler 190 comprises a heating device 191 for heating the rinse aid. Furthermore, the boiler 190 is connected to a second dispensing conduit 195, through which the rinse aid can be conveyed to the second dispensing device 111a and the fourth dispensing device 111d in the washing space 110. A conveying device, in this case a rinse pump 195a, is provided in the second dispensing conduit 195. When switched on, this pump enables the dispensing or conveying of rinse aid from the boiler 190 to the dispensing devices 111b and 111d, while when the rinse pump 195a is switched off, no rinse aid is supplied to the dispensing devices.

[0130] Figure 2 shows a fragment of an embodiment of a dishwasher 1 according to the invention and two cartridges 2 according to the invention, namely a first cartridge 2a and a second cartridge 2b, which can respectively be filled with a treatment agent for one or more washing processes of the dishwasher. The dishwasher 1 comprises a coupling unit 120 for coupling the two cartridges 2a and 2b. The coupling unit 120 comprises a first coupling section 120a for coupling the first cartridge 2a and a second coupling section 120b for coupling the second cartridge 2b, only the second coupling section 120b being visible in Figure 2. The dishwasher 1 further comprises a first connection unit 130a for directly or indirectly connecting the first cartridge 2a coupled to the coupling unit 120 to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d in a washing space 110 of the dishwasher, a washing tank 180 or a boiler 190 of the dishwasher 1, and a second connection unit 130b for directly or indirectly connecting the second cartridge 2b coupled to the coupling unit 120 to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, to the washing tank 180 or to the boiler 190, only the second connection unit 130b being visible in Figure 2. The first connection unit 130a and the second connection unit 130b are configured respectively as a pin that pierces a membrane of the respective cartridge 2a or 2b or that actuates a non-return valve of the respective cartridge 2a or 2b, in order to connect the respective cartridge 2a or 2b to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, to the washing tank 180 or to the boiler 190.

[0131] The dishwasher 1 further comprises a housing 140 with a folding unit 142, wherein the folding unit 142 in Figure 2 is in an open position described in more detail below. In Figure 2, the first cartridge 2a is already attached to the first coupling section 130a of the coupling unit 130, while the second cartridge 2b is not yet attached to the second coupling section 130b. However, the arrow in Figure 2 illustrates that a user inserts the second cartridge 2b into the dishwasher 1 by attaching the second cartridge 2b to the second coupling section 130b of the coupling unit 130. In this embodiment, the first cartridge 2a and the second cartridge 2b have substantially the same shape, size, and capacity for the respective treatment agent.

[0132] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a fragment of dishwasher 1, in particular the coupling unit 120 with the two coupling sections 120a and 120b, as well as the two cartridges 2a and 2b. The housing 140 of dishwasher 1 has been omitted from this view to better represent the coupling unit 120 and the two cartridges 2a and 2b. Also in Figure 3, the first cartridge 2a is already coupled to the second coupling section 120b of the coupling unit 120, while the second cartridge 2b is not yet coupled to the second coupling section 130b of the coupling unit 130. The vertical arrow indicates the insertion direction 3 of each of the two cartridges 2a, 2b into the dishwasher 1 and the drainage direction 4 of the treatment agent from each of the two cartridges 2a, 2b to the dishwasher 1. In this embodiment, the insertion direction 3 is parallel to the drainage direction 4, although this is not necessarily the case. The insertion direction 3 may also form an angle with the drainage direction 4, which is preferably greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0134] Figures 4a to 4c respectively show a schematic view of an embodiment of the dishwasher 1 according to the invention with a cartridge 2 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the coupling unit 120 is configured as a housing unit 120 for accommodating the cartridge 2. The cartridge 2 can be inserted into the housing unit 120, such that the housing unit 120 encloses the inserted cartridge 2 from several sides through the respective wall sections of the housing unit 120. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the coupling unit 120 is arranged so that it can be moved from side to side with respect to the washing space 110 between a coupling position for attaching the cartridge 2 and an operational position for connecting the attached cartridge 2 to one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, the washing tank 180, or the boiler 190, by means of the connection unit 130, the operational position being different from the coupling position. Furthermore, Figures 4a to 4c show the dishwasher housing 140, comprising a housing opening 141 for inserting the cartridge 2 into the dishwasher 1, as well as a folding unit 142. The folding unit 142 is arranged so that it can be moved back and forth between an open position for opening the housing opening 141 and a closed position for closing the housing opening 141. The folding unit 142 is connected to the coupling unit 120 such that when the folding unit 142 is in the open position, the coupling unit 120 is in the coupling position, and when the folding unit 142 is in the closed position, the coupling unit 120 is in the operating position. Furthermore, Figures 4a to 4c show the connection unit 130 for connecting the cartridge 2 coupled to the coupling unit 120 to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, to the washing tank 180 or to the boiler 190. The connection unit 130 is configured as a pin that pierces a membrane of the cartridge 2 or actuates a non-return valve of the cartridge 2 to connect the cartridge 2 to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, to the washing tank 180 or to the boiler 190.

[0136] In particular, Figure 4a shows a dishwasher state in which the folding unit 142 is in the open position and the coupling unit 120 is in the coupled position. In the coupled position, the coupling unit 120 is at least partially outside the housing opening 141 and is therefore easily accessible to the user. The arrow in Figure 4a indicates that a user inserts cartridge 2 into the dishwasher by coupling and/or locking or securing cartridge 2 into the coupling unit 120 in the coupled position.

[0138] Figure 4b shows a state in which the folding unit 142 is still in the open position and the coupling unit 120 is still in the coupled position. However, in Figure 4b, cartridge 2 is already coupled to the coupling unit 120. The arrow in Figure 4b indicates that the folding unit 142 is now moved from the open position to the closed position, so that the coupling unit 120 is moved from the coupled position to the operating position and the coupled cartridge 2 is carried through the housing opening 141 into the dishwasher 1.

[0140] Finally, Figure 4c shows a state in which the folding unit 142 is in the closed position and the coupling unit is in the operating position. The coupling unit 120, the connection unit 130, and the cartridge 2 are now completely inside the dishwasher and are protected from the outside by the housing 140 and the folding unit 142 in the closed position. In this embodiment, the cartridge 2 is automatically connected to one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, the wash tank 180, or the boiler 190 by means of the connection unit 130 when the coupling unit 120 is in the operating position. Therefore, in Figure 4c, cartridge 2 is already connected to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d, to the wash tank 180 or to the boiler 190 by means of the connection unit 120. In this state, the treatment agent can flow from cartridge 2 to the one or more dispensing devices 111a-d or enter the wash tank 180 or the boiler 190 or a reserve tank 150 to house the treatment agent, as described below, for use in one or more washing processes of the dishwasher 1.

[0141] Figure 5 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the dishwasher 1 according to the invention with a cartridge 2 according to the invention, wherein the dishwasher 1 comprises a reservoir 150 for receiving the treatment agent from the cartridge 2 and for dispensing the treatment agent to one or more dispensing devices 111a-d or to the wash tank 180 or to the boiler 190. The reservoir 150 comprises a sensor 151 for determining a quantity of the treatment agent in the reservoir 150. The dishwasher 1 can emit a warning signal if the quantity of treatment agent in the reservoir 150, as determined by the sensor 151, falls below a first minimum value. The dishwasher 1 further comprises a valve 160 and a control unit. Valve 160 is configured such that, i) when valve 160 is open, the treatment agent can flow from cartridge 2 into the reservoir tank 150, and ii) when valve 160 is closed, the treatment agent cannot flow from cartridge 2 into the reservoir tank 150. Furthermore, control unit 170 is configured to open and close valve 160 based on the amount of treatment agent in the reservoir tank 150, as determined by sensor 151. In particular, control unit 170 can be configured to open valve 160 when the amount of treatment agent in the reservoir tank 150, as determined by sensor 151, falls below a second minimum value, the second minimum value being higher than the first minimum value. Furthermore, the control unit 170 can be configured to close valve 160 when the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank 150, as determined by sensor 151, exceeds a maximum value, the maximum value being greater than the first minimum value and/or greater than the second minimum value.

[0143] Figures 6a to 7b show an embodiment of dishwasher 1 with a first coupling section 120a of coupling unit 120, to which a first cartridge 2a can be attached, and a second coupling section 120b of coupling unit 120, to which a second cartridge 2b can be attached. More specifically, Figure 6a shows a side elevation of the first coupling section 10a, to which the first cartridge 2a is coupled, Figure 6b shows a side elevation of the second coupling section 120b, to which the second cartridge 2b is coupled, Figure 7a shows a plan view from above of the first cartridge 2a and the first coupling section 120a along the cross-sectional surface A-A of Figure 6a, and Figure 7b shows a plan view from above of the second cartridge 2b and the second coupling section 120b along the cross-sectional surface B-B of Figure 6b. Conversely, Figure 6a corresponds to a side elevation of the first coupling section 120a along the cross-sectional surface C-C of Figure 7a, while Figure 6b corresponds to a side elevation of the second coupling section 120b along the cross-sectional surface D-D of Figure 7b.

[0145] In this embodiment, the first cartridge 2a is not attachable to the second coupling section 120b and the second cartridge 2b is not attachable to the first coupling section 120a, as will be described in more detail later.

[0147] The first coupling section 120a comprises a first identification and retention segment 121a, and the first cartridge 2a comprises a first counter-retention segment 211a and a third counter-retention segment 211c. These segments are configured such that the first identification and retention segment 121a can fit into the first counter-retention segment 211a and the third counter-retention segment 211c respectively. In particular, the first identification and retention segment 121a is formed as a first projection 121a of the first mating section 120a, while the first counter-retention segment 211a and the third counter-retention segment 211c are formed respectively as a first notch 211a and a third notch 211c, respectively, of a first locking piece 210a on the cartridge side of the first cartridge 2a. The first identification and retention segment 121a forms a first machine-side locking piece which, as described above, forms a first closure, in particular a first retention closure, with the first locking piece 210a on the cartridge side.

[0149] The size and shape of the first notch 211a are identical or nearly identical to the size and shape of the third notch 211c, respectively, and the size and shape of the protrusion 121a correspond to the size and shape of these two notches 211a and 211c, respectively, so that the protrusion 121a can fit into each of the two notches 211a and 211c. Furthermore, the first notch 211a and the third notch 211c are spaced apart from each other in the direction 3 in which the first cartridge 2a is inserted into the dishwasher 1. Therefore, when a user inserts the first cartridge 2a into the dishwasher 1, the protrusion 121a fits first into the first notch 211a, thereby identifying or detecting the first cartridge 2a. When the user then exerts a force on the cartridge in the insertion direction, the first projection 121a disengages from the first notch 211a and engages in the third notch 211c, so that the first identified cartridge 2a engages the first coupling section 120a.

[0151] The same applies to the second coupling section 120b or the second cartridge 2b, i.e., the second coupling section 120b comprises a second identification and retention segment 121b, and the second cartridge 2b comprises a second counter-retention segment 211b and a fourth counter-retention segment 211d. These segments are configured so that the second identification and retention segment 121b can fit into the second counter-retention segment 211b and the fourth counter-retention segment 211d respectively. In particular, the second identification and retention segment 121b is formed as a second projection 121b of the second mating section 120b, while the second counter-retention segment 211b and the fourth counter-retention segment 211d are formed respectively as a second notch 211b or a fourth notch 211d of a second locking piece 210b on the cartridge side of the second cartridge 2b. The second identification and retention segment 121b forms a second locking piece on the machine side, which, as described above, forms a second closure, in particular a second retention closure, with the second locking piece 210b on the cartridge side.

[0153] The size and shape of the second notch 211b are also identical or nearly identical to the size and shape of the fourth notch 211d, and the size and shape of the protrusion 121b correspond to the size and shape of these two notches 211b and 211d, so that the protrusion 121b can fit into each of these two notches 211b and 211d. Furthermore, the second notch 211b and the fourth notch 211d are spaced apart from each other in the insertion direction 3 of the second cartridge 2b in the dishwasher 1. Therefore, when a user inserts the second cartridge 2b into the dishwasher 1, the protrusion 121b first fits into the second notch 211b, thereby identifying or detecting the second cartridge 2b. When the user then exerts a force on the cartridge in the insertion direction, the second projection 121b disengages from the second notch 211b and fits into the fourth notch 211c, so that the second identified cartridge 2b engages the second coupling section 120b.

[0155] However, the size and/or shape of the first projection 121a differs from the size and/or shape of the second projection 121b. Similarly, the size and/or shape of the first notch 211a differs from the size and/or shape of the second notch 211b, and the size and/or shape of the third notch 211c differs from the size and/or shape of the fourth notch 211c. This ensures that the first projection 121a cannot fit into either the second notch 211b or the fourth notch 211d, and that the second projection 121b cannot fit into either the first notch 211a or the third notch 211c. Therefore, if the user attempts to attach the first cartridge 2a to the second coupling section 120b, they will fail because the second protrusion 121b can no longer fit into the first notch 211a of the first cartridge 2a, and thus the first cartridge 2a cannot be identified by the second coupling section 120b. Consequently, the second protrusion 121b still cannot fit into the third notch 211a of the first cartridge 2a, and therefore the first cartridge 2a cannot be attached to the second coupling section 120b.

[0157] For similar reasons, the second cartridge 2b cannot be coupled to the first coupling section 120a.

[0158] The shapes and sizes of the various projections and notches are shown by way of example in Figures 6a to 6b. In particular, it can be seen in Figure 6a that the first notch 211a and the third notch 211c have an identical or substantially identical height, i.e., an identical or substantially identical dimension along the insertion direction 3 of the first cartridge 2a, and that a height of the first projection 121a corresponds to the height of the first notch 211a or the third notch 211c (or is only minimally less, as in Figure 6a), so that the first projection 121a can fit respectively into the first notch 211a and the third notch 211c. In Figure 6a, the first projection 121a has already engaged in the third notch 211c, so that the first cartridge 2a is coupled to the first coupling section 120a. Furthermore, it can be seen in Figure 7a that a dimension of the first projection 121a perpendicular to the insertion direction 3 of the first cartridge 2a, more precisely an angular dimension of the first projection 121a on the cross-sectional surface A-A of Figure 6a, corresponds to an angular dimension of the third notch 211c (or is only minimally smaller, as in Figure 7a), so that the first projection 121a can engage in the third notch 211c. Similarly, the angular dimension of the first projection 121a on the cross-sectional surface A-A corresponds to an angular dimension of the first notch 211a (which, however, cannot be seen in Figure 7a), so that the first projection 121a can also fit into the first notch 211a.

[0160] Similarly, in Figure 6b it can be seen that the second notch 211b and the fourth notch 211d have an identical or substantially identical height, i.e., an identical or substantially identical dimension along the insertion direction 3 of the second cartridge 2b, and that a height of the second projection 121b corresponds to the height of the second notch 211b or the fourth notch 211c (or is only minimally less, as in Figure 6b), so that the second projection 121b can fit respectively into the second notch 211b and the fourth notch 211d. In Figure 6b, the second projection 121b has already fitted into the fourth notch 211d, so that the second cartridge 2b is coupled to the second coupling section 120b. Furthermore, it can be seen in Figure 7b that a dimension of the second projection 121b perpendicular to the insertion direction 3 of the second cartridge 2b, more precisely an angular dimension of the second projection 121b on the cross-sectional surface B-B of Figure 6b, corresponds to an angular dimension of the fourth notch 211d (or is only minimally smaller, as in Figure 7b), so that the second projection 121b can fit into the fourth notch 211d. Likewise, the angular dimension of the second projection 121b on the cross-sectional surface B-B corresponds to an angular dimension of the second notch 211b (which, however, cannot be seen in Figure 7b), so that the second projection 121b can also fit into the second notch 211b.

[0162] However, it can be seen in Figures 6a and 5b that the height of the second projection 121b is greater than the height of the first projection 121a and, in particular, greater than the height of the first notch 211a and the third notch 211c. Therefore, the second projection 121b cannot fit into either the first notch 211a or the third notch 211c. Therefore, the second cartridge 2b cannot be coupled to the first coupling section 120a.

[0163] Furthermore, it can be seen in Figures 7a and 6b that the angular dimension of the first projection 121a is greater than the angular dimension of the second projection 121b and, in particular, greater than the angular dimension of the fourth notch 211d. Likewise, the angular dimension of the first projection 121a is greater than the angular dimension of the second notch 211b (although the second notch 211b is not visible in Figure 7b). Therefore, the first projection 121a cannot fit into either the second notch 211b or the fourth notch 211d. Consequently, the first cartridge 2a cannot be coupled to the second coupling section 120b.

[0165] Finally, Figure 6b also shows a runoff surface 230 of the second cartridge 2b. The runoff surface 230 of the second cartridge 2b is inclined at an angle α with respect to the outlet direction 4 of the treatment agent from the second cartridge 2b, where α is greater than 0° and less than 90°. As can be seen in Figure 6b, in the present embodiment, α is approximately or exactly 80°, so that the runoff surface 230 is inclined at an angle β = 90° - α with respect to the lower, horizontal boundary surface of the second cartridge 2b, where β is approximately or exactly 10°. The analogous applies to the runoff surface 230 of the first cartridge 2a, which can be seen in Figure 6a.

[0167] The features disclosed in the above description, figures and claims may be of importance both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in different configurations.

[0169] List of reference signs

[0171] 1 Dishwasher

[0172] 2 Cartridge

[0173] 2a First cartridge

[0174] 2b Second cartridge

[0175] 3 Cartridge insertion direction

[0176] 4 Treatment agent exit direction

[0177] 110 Washing area

[0178] 111a First dispensing device

[0179] 111b Second dispensing device

[0180] 111c Third dispensing device

[0181] 111d Fourth dispensing device

[0182] 112 Washing basket

[0183] 120 Coupling unit

[0184] 120a First coupling section

[0185] 120b Second coupling section

[0186] 121a First identification and retention segment, first exit

[0187] 121b Second identification and retention segment, second outgoing

[0188] 130a First connection unit

[0189] 130b Second connection unit

[0190] 140 Housing

[0191] 141 Housing opening

[0192] 142 opening and closing unit

[0193] 150 Reserve deposit

[0194] 151 Sensor

[0195] 160 Valve[s]

[0196] 170 Control Unit

[0197] 180 Washing tank

[0198] 181 Heating device

[0199] 182 Screening system

[0200] 183 First inlet conduit

[0201] 183a First dosing pump

[0202] 185 First dispensing conduit

[0203] 185a Wash pump

[0204] 190 Boiler

[0205] 191 Heating device

[0206] 193 Second inlet conduit

[0207] 193a Second metering pump

[0208] 195 Second dispensing conduit

[0209] 195a Rinse pump

[0210] 210a First cartridge-side locking piece

[0211] 210b Second cartridge side locking piece

[0212] 211a First counter-retaining segment, first notch

[0213] 211b Second counter-retaining segment, second notch

[0214] 211c Third counter-retaining segment, third notch

[0215] 211d Fourth counter-retaining segment, fourth notch

[0216] 220 Exit opening

[0217] 230 Runoff area

[0219] 310 Wastewater conduit

[0220] 310a Bleach Pump

[0221] 330 Drinking water pipe

[0222] 340 Magnetic valve

[0223] 350 Water safety system

Claims (13)

1. CLAIMS 1. Dishwasher (1), comprising: a washing space (110) with one or more dispensing devices (111a-d); a coupling unit (120) for coupling one or more cartridges (2) for the one or more treatment agents; and one or more connection units (130) for connecting each of them directly or indirectly a corresponding cartridge (2) coupled to the coupling unit (120) to the one or more dispensing devices (111ad) or to a washing tank (180) or to a boiler (190) of the dishwasher (1) for the use of the one or more treatment agents for one or more washing processes of the dishwasher (1), wherein the coupling unit (120) comprises a first coupling section (120a) for coupling a first cartridge (2a) and a second coupling section (120b) for coupling a second cartridge (2b), and wherein the first cartridge (2a) is not coupling to the second coupling section (120b) and/or the second cartridge (2b) is not coupling to the first coupling section (120a), characterized in that the first coupling section (120a) comprises a first identification and retention segment (121a) i) to fit into a first counter-retention segment (211a) of the first cartridge (2a) to identify the first cartridge (2a), and ii) to fit into a third coupling segment (211c) of the first cartridge (2a) to couple the identified first cartridge (2a) to the first coupling section (120a), wherein the second coupling section (120b) comprises a second identification and retention segment (121b) i) to fit into a second counter-retention segment (211b) of the second cartridge (2b) to identify the second cartridge (2b), and ii) to fit into a fourth counter-retention segment (211d) of the second cartridge (2b) to couple the identified second cartridge (2b) to the second coupling section (120b), and where a size and/or shape and/or material of the first identification and retention segment (121a) differs from a size and/or shape and/or material of the second identification and retention segment (121b). 2. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 1, wherein the coupling unit (120) is arranged so that it can be moved from side to side with respect to the washing space (110) between a coupling position for coupling the one or more cartridges (2) and an operational position for connecting the one or more coupled cartridges (2), by means of the one or more connection units (130), to the one or more dispensing devices (111a-d) or to the washing tank (180) or to the boiler (190), the operational position being different from the coupling position. 3. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 2, wherein, when the coupling unit (120) is in the operating position, at least one connecting unit (130) is arranged so that it can be moved back and forth with respect to the coupling unit (120) between a first position and a second position, such that: When the connection unit (130) is in the first position, the corresponding cartridge (2) is not connected to the one or more dispensing devices (111a-d) nor to the washing tank (180) nor to the boiler (190), and When the connection unit (130) is in the second position, the corresponding cartridge (2) is connected to the one or more dispensing devices (111a-d) nor to the washing tank (180) nor to the boiler (190). 4. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a housing (140) with a housing opening (141) for inserting one or more cartridges (2) into the dishwasher (1) and an opening and closing unit (142), wherein the opening and closing unit (142) is arranged so that it can be moved back and forth between an open position for opening the housing opening (141) and a closed position for closing the housing opening (141), and wherein the opening and closing unit (142) is connected to the coupling unit (120) such that when the opening and closing unit (142) is in the open position, the coupling unit (120) is in the coupling position, and when the opening and closing unit (142) is in the closing position, the coupling unit (120) is in the operating position. 5. Dishwasher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least one reservoir (150) for housing the treatment agent from at least one cartridge (2) and for dispensing the treatment agent to one or more dispensing devices (111a-d) or to the wash tank (180) or to the boiler (190), wherein the reserve tank (150) comprises a sensor (151) for determining a quantity of the treatment agent in the reserve tank (150). 6. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 5, which is configured so as to emit a warning signal when the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank (150), determined by the sensor (151), falls below a first minimum value. 7. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a valve (160) and a control unit (170), wherein the valve (160) is configured such that, i) when the valve (160) is open, the treatment agent can flow from the cartridge (2) into the reservoir (150), and ii) when the valve (160) is closed, the treatment agent cannot flow from the cartridge (2) into the reservoir (150), and wherein the control unit (170) is configured to open and close the valve (160) based on the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank (150), determined by the sensor (151). 8. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 7, wherein the control unit (170) is configured to open the valve (160) when the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank (150), determined by the sensor (151), falls below a second minimum value, the second minimum value being preferably greater than the first minimum value. 9. Dishwasher (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the control unit (170) is configured to close the valve (160) when the amount of treatment agent in the reserve tank (150), determined by the sensor (151), exceeds a maximum value, the maximum value being preferably greater than the first minimum value and/or greater than the second minimum value. 10. System comprising several cartridges (2) for one or more treatment agents for a dishwasher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the multiple cartridges (2) comprise at least a first cartridge (2a) and a second cartridge (2b), wherein the first cartridge (2a) comprises a first counter-retention segment (211a) for fitting the first identification and retention segment (121a), wherein the second cartridge (2b) comprises a second counter-retention segment (211b) for fitting the second identification and retention segment (121a), and wherein a size and/or shape and/or material of the first retaining counter-segment (211a) differs from a size and/or shape and/or material of the second retaining counter-segment (211b), wherein the first cartridge (2a) further comprises a third counter-retaining segment (211c) for fitting the first identification and retention segment (121a), and wherein a size and/or shape and/or material of the third counter-retaining segment (211c) are identical to a size and/or shape and/or material of the first counter-retaining segment (211a), and wherein the third counter-retaining segment (211a) and the first counter-retaining segment (211c) are spaced from each other in an insertion direction (3) of the first cartridge (2a) in the dishwasher (1), and wherein the second cartridge (2a) further comprises a fourth counter-retaining segment (211d) for fitting the second identification and retention segment (121b), and wherein a size and/or shape and/or material of the fourth counter-retaining segment (211d) is identical to a size and/or shape and/or material of the second counter-retaining segment (211b), and wherein the fourth counter-retaining segment (211b) and the second counter-retaining segment (211d) are spaced from each other in an insertion direction (3) of the second cartridge (2b) in the dishwasher (1). 11. Dishwashing system, which includes: the dishwasher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and the one or more cartridges (2), preferably the system formed by several cartridges (2) according to claim 10. 12. Dishwashing system according to claim 11, wherein the multiple cartridges (2) each have the same shape and/or size and/or maximum housing capacity for the respective treatment agent. 13. Dishwashing system according to claims 11 or 12, wherein at least one cartridge (2) of the one or more cartridges (2) comprises an outlet opening (220) and one or more drainage surfaces (230) configured such that, when the cartridge (2) is connected to the one or more dispensing devices (111a-d) or to the wash tank (180) or to the boiler (190) by means of the corresponding connection unit (130), the treatment agent can flow out of the cartridge (2) along the one or more drainage surfaces (230) towards the outlet opening (220) and can flow out of the cartridge (2) through the outlet opening (220) into the one or more dispensing devices (111a-d) or into the wash tank (180) or the boiler (190) or the storage tank (150), wherein at least one drainage surface (230) or each drainage surface (230) is inclined at a respective angle greater than 0° and less than 90° with respect to an exit direction (4) of the treatment agent from the cartridge (2).