JP2002167902A - Frame member and framed structure body using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a frame member and a framed structure body using the frame member allowing the construction of the wooden framed structure body with sufficient physical strength as designed by suppressing dimensional change and deviation caused by the change of humidity. SOLUTION: This frame member 1 has a frame body 2 formed of wood such as a log or square timber. The axis part of the frame body 2 is provided with a metal bar body 3 in the longitudinal direction. The frame body 2 has a pair of frame components 20, 20 formed in clad structure with the bar body 3 held in between. Both ends of the bar body 3 are slightly projected from the frame body 2, and each projecting part 31 is provided with gusset plates 4 of approximately equilateral triangular shape, one on each side. A bolt hole 41 for jointing the frame members 1, etc., to each other is provided in the required position of each gusset plate 4. A plurality of frame bodies 1 are jointed to one another to construct the framed structure body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a frame member and a frame structure using the same. More specifically, a frame member capable of constructing a wooden frame structure having sufficient physical strength as designed by suppressing dimensional change and deviation due to a change in humidity, and a frame structure using the same About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the goodness of the material of wood itself has been reviewed, and wooden frame structures constructed of frame structures such as three-dimensional trusses have been adopted in outdoor concert halls, sports facilities, exhibition halls, and the like. This wooden frame structure has not only the aesthetics of wood, such as warmth and elegance, but also excellent features such as being able to obtain a smart, high lighting and a wide column-free space.

A wooden frame structure is usually constructed by attaching metal joints (joining members) to both ends of a wooden frame member to form a unit, and joining the unitized frame members to each other.

[0004]

However, the conventional frame member and the frame structure using the same have the following problems. Since the frame member is formed using wood, if the moisture content of the wood fluctuates with a change in humidity, the dimensions of the frame member change, and sometimes the frame member is warped or twisted. . For this reason, there have been problems such as the inability to construct the frame structure as designed and the reduction in physical strength after the frame structure has been constructed.

Further, in the conventional frame structure, since a metal joint is exposed on the surface, when a fire occurs, high heat is directly transmitted to the joint. For this reason, there is also a safety problem that the joint portion is deformed in a short time and the frame structure collapses.

[0006] By the way, compared with the laminated wood which is processed wood,
Natural wood such as heartwood (logs and square timbers) is liable to change in size or change due to changes in humidity. For this reason, it is not very suitable as a material for a wooden frame structure. However, in terms of material costs, natural wood is much cheaper than glulam.

[0007] Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has sought to construct a wooden frame structure having sufficient physical strength as designed even when natural wood, which is liable to undergo dimensional changes and deviations due to changes in humidity, is used. Intensive research was conducted on this point, and the present invention was completed.

(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to suppress a change in dimensions and a deviation due to a change in humidity, thereby enabling a wooden frame structure having sufficient physical strength to be constructed as designed. An object of the present invention is to provide a frame member and a skeleton structure using the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a skeleton structure in which, in the event of a fire, the damage (deformation) of the joint portion is delayed, thereby improving safety in a fire.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In the first invention,
A frame member for forming a frame structure, a wooden frame body, a metal rod body provided in a longitudinal direction inside the frame body, and a frame member And a joining member for joining with the member.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a frame member for forming a frame structure, which is provided in a longitudinal direction at a wooden frame main body and an axial center portion of the frame main body.
A metal rod protruding from both ends of the frame main body with a required length, and a joining member provided on the projecting portion of the rod and joined to another frame member,
It is a frame member characterized by having.

In the third invention, the frame body is
A frame member according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the frame member has a bonding structure with a rod body interposed therebetween.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a skeleton structure comprising the frame member according to the first, second, or third aspect.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the frame structure according to the fourth aspect, wherein a joint portion of the frame member is covered with a wooden cover member.

Examples of the wood used for the frame body include, but are not limited to, cedar, cypress, pine, rice pine, keyaki, oak, lauan wood, redwood, zilla, bongoshi, and the like.

As used herein, the term "wood" is used to include natural wood (natural wood) which is not processed as it is, or processed wood such as laminated wood. The term "wood" used in the present specification includes treated wood that has been subjected to antiseptic treatment, insect repellent treatment and the like.

Examples of the joining member include, but are not limited to, joining plates (such as gusset plates), bolts and nuts, and turnbuckles.

(Operation) A plurality of frame members are joined to each other to construct a frame structure. More specifically, a joint member of a frame member is joined to a joint member of another frame member to construct a skeleton structure.

The frame member includes a metal rod provided in the interior of the wooden frame main body in the longitudinal direction, and a joining member provided on the rod and joined to another frame member. Therefore, even when the moisture content of the wood fluctuates due to a change in humidity and the dimensions of the frame main body change, the distance between the joining members provided on the metal rod, that is, the distance between the joining portions is constant. Will be kept. Therefore, the dimensions of the entire frame member do not change.

Further, even when the moisture content of the wooden frame body fluctuates due to a change in humidity, it is possible to prevent the metal rod from causing warpage or twisting of the frame member.

In a frame structure in which the joint portion of the frame member is covered with a wooden cover member, the joint portion does not come into direct contact with the flame (high heat is directly transmitted) when a fire occurs. That is, while the tree is burning, the damage (deformation) of the joint can be delayed.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a frame member according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 (a) is a side view explanatory view of the frame member, and FIG. 1 (b) is an upper view in FIG. 1 (a). FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing a state where a frame member on the side is removed. FIG. 2 is a front view explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of the frame member, in which FIG. 2 (a) shows a case where it is manufactured using a log, and FIG. 2 (b) shows a case where it is manufactured using a square material. I have.

A frame structure is constructed by joining a plurality of frame members 1 together. The frame member 1 has a frame main body 2 formed of wood such as logs and square bars.
A metal rod 3 is provided in the axial direction of the frame main body 2 in the longitudinal direction. The frame body 2 has a pair of frame members 20, 20, and has a laminated structure with the bar 3 interposed therebetween.

In the present embodiment, the rod 3 is formed of iron, stainless steel, or the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.

The frame main body 2 is not particularly limited to logs and square bars, but can be formed in various shapes. For example, there may be mentioned, for example, a shape in which the end face of the central portion is round and the end portion side is square, or the reverse shape, but is not limited thereto.

Both ends of the rod 3 slightly protrude from the frame main body 2, and a substantially equilateral triangular gusset plate 4, which is a joining member, is provided on each side of the protruding portion 31. (Four). Bolt holes 41 for joining the frame members 1 to each other are provided at required positions of each gusset plate 4.

The shape of the gusset plate is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle or a square, or other polygons or irregular shapes (irregular shapes) other than a substantially equilateral triangle. ).

Next, a method of manufacturing the frame member 1 will be described. In addition, the manufacturing method shown below shows one example, and is not particularly limited to this method. First, FIG.
As shown in (a) or (b), a log or a square material serving as the frame main body 2 is cut in half (cut) by a plane passing through the axial center portion to form the frame components 20, 20. The frame components 20, 20 are sufficiently dried.

Next, grooves 21, 21 for providing the rods 3 are formed in the cut surfaces of the frame components 20, 20. The gusset plates 4 and 4 (see FIG. 1) are previously attached to both ends of the rod body 3 by welding.

Then, the frame structure 2 having the groove 21
After applying an adhesive such as an epoxy resin to the cut surfaces of the frames 0 and 20, the frame members 20 and 20 are fitted so that the rods 3 fit into the grooves 21.
20 and the frame member 1 is completed. As described above, buckling of the bar 3 can be prevented by arranging the bar 3 at the axial center (the center of the cross section) of the wood and solidifying it with the adhesive.

The rod 3 is formed of a threaded rod or a deformed rod having knotted projections on its surface in order to increase the adhesive strength with the wooden frame body 2.
It is not particularly limited to these. In addition, several rods (a plurality of rods) may be provided inside the frame main body 2 in the longitudinal direction, and joining members such as the gusset plate 4 may be attached to the rods located at both ends.

Further, the rod 3 is inserted from both ends of the frame body 2.
Alternatively, a female screw may be embedded without embossing, and a male screw provided with a gusset plate may be attached to the female screw. Furthermore, the frame components 20, 20 can be fixed in the width direction with bolts, nuts, or the like.

As described above, the frame member 1 is
Gazette plates 4 and 4 to be joined to another frame member 1
, The gusset plates 4 and 4 at both ends even when the moisture content of the wood changes due to a change in humidity and the dimensions of the frame body 2 change.
The distance between them, that is, the distance between the joints, is kept constant. Therefore, the dimensions of the entire frame member 1 do not change, and the frame structure can be constructed as designed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a skeleton structure according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a main part of a roof portion of the skeleton structure shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a joint portion of a frame member surrounded by a dotted line in FIG. 4. In FIG. 5, for convenience of description, the joining portion is shown with the cover member removed. Referring to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 5, skeleton structure 8 constructed using frame member 1
A will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of frame members 1,... Are joined together at an angle of about 60 degrees to construct a space truss. Specifically, the gusset plates 4 and 4 provided at the end of the frame member 1 are overlapped with the gusset plates 4 and 4 of the adjacent frame member 1 and fastened together with bolts 5 and nuts (not shown in the drawing). connect.

As described above, since the joining of the frame members 1 is performed by the gusset plate 4 made of metal, more reliable joining can be performed as compared with the case where the joining is performed by combining wood pieces.

As the bolt 5, it is preferable to use a high-strength bolt for frictional joining because the joining can be carried out reliably, but it is not particularly limited to this.

The metal joint including the gusset plate 4 is covered with a wooden cover member 7 (see FIG. 4) so as not to be exposed from the surface. The cover member 7 is fixed to the joint by an adhesive such as an epoxy resin. Further, a gap newly formed in a portion covered by the cover member 7 is filled with an adhesive, and is firmly hardened.

In the present embodiment, the cover member 7 is formed of a regular triangular plate material, and six such plate materials are hexagonally formed so as to cover the front and back surfaces of the joint. It is to be noted that a hexagonal cover member can be formed by one plate material.

As described above, since the metal joint portion is covered with the wooden cover member 7, when a fire occurs,
The joint does not come into direct contact with the flame (high heat is directly transmitted). Thereby, while the wooden cover member 7 is burning, the damage (deformation) of the joint portion due to heat can be delayed, so that the person is evacuated to a safe place (before the frame structure collapses). Can be done.

Further, by covering the metal joint with the wooden cover member 7, effects such as prevention of rust and improvement of aesthetic appearance can be obtained. Since the shape of the joint portion changes depending on how the frame is assembled, a cover member 7 suitable for the shape is appropriately prepared.

The parts other than the roof of the frame structure 8A are constructed by appropriately combining the frame members 1 by changing the shape of the gusset plates 4 and 4 of the frame member 1 or by changing the type of the joining member itself.

As described above, the frame structure 8A is
Since it is constructed by joining the frame member 1 having the rod 3 inside, even when the moisture content of the wooden frame body 2 fluctuates due to a change in humidity, the rod 3 warps or twists the frame member 1. And the like can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that the physical strength is reduced after the construction of the frame structure.

As a result, even natural wood such as heart-holding materials (logs and square materials), which are liable to undergo dimensional changes and deviations as compared with the laminated wood, can be suitably used as the material of the frame member 1. Therefore, the material cost can be kept low.

Further, since wood is strong in compressive force and metal is strong in tensile force, the compressive force is mainly borne by the frame body 2,
By causing the rod 3 to mainly bear the tensile force, the stress generated in the frame member 1 is efficiently processed. Therefore, as described above, the frame structure 8 having sufficient physical strength is provided.
Construction of A is possible.

Further, the frame structure 8A is a structure with less waste in which the frame members 1 are arranged along the direction in which force is applied, and the frame of the frame structure 8 is continuously formed by the metal rods 3. Because they are connected, huge structures can be made relatively light and durable.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the skeleton structure according to the present invention, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the skeleton structure according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a frame structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a frame structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. By appropriately changing the joining members of the frame member 1 and combining the frame members 1, for example, a house-type frame structure 8B (see FIG. 6) having a curved roof portion, and dome-type frame structures 8C and 8D ( 7 and 8), and a pyramid-shaped frame structure 8E (see FIG. 9) can be constructed. The functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described skeleton structure 8A, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

The terms and expressions used in the present specification are for explanation only, are not restrictive, and do not exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the above-mentioned terms and expressions. Further, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea.

[0048]

The present invention has the above configuration and has the following effects. (A) A frame member according to the present invention is a metal rod provided in a longitudinal direction inside a wooden frame main body, and a joining member provided on the rod and joined to another frame member. Therefore, even if the moisture content of the wood changes due to a change in humidity and the dimensions of the frame body change, the distance between the joining members provided on the metal rod, that is, the distance between the joining portions Is kept at a constant length. Therefore, the dimensions of the entire frame member do not change, and the frame structure can be constructed as designed.

(B) Further, even when the moisture content of the wooden frame body fluctuates due to a change in humidity, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of irregularities such as warping and twisting of the frame member due to the metal rod. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that the physical strength is reduced after the frame structure is constructed.

(C) According to the frame structure according to the present invention,
Since the joint portion of the frame member is covered with the wooden cover member, the joint portion does not come into direct contact with the flame (high heat is directly transmitted) when a fire occurs. That is,
Damage (deformation) of the joint can be delayed while the tree is burning, so that people can be evacuated to a safe place (before the frame structure collapses). In this way, by delaying the damage (deformation) of the joint, safety in a fire can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a frame member according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 (a) is a side view explanatory view of the frame member, and FIG. 1 (b) is FIG. 1 (a). FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing a state where an upper frame structure is removed.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are front view explanatory views showing a manufacturing process of a frame member, in which FIG. 2A shows a case of manufacturing using a log, and FIG. 2B shows a case of manufacturing using a square material. ing.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a skeleton structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a main part of a roof portion of the skeleton structure shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a joint portion of a frame member surrounded by a dotted line in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a frame structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a frame structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a frame structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a frame structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame member 2 Frame main body 20 Frame structure 21 Groove 3 Rod 31 Projecting part 4 Gazette plate 41 Bolt hole 5 Bolt 7 Cover member 8A-8E Frame structure

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A frame member for constituting a frame structure, comprising: a wooden frame main body (2); and a metal rod (3) provided in a longitudinal direction inside the frame main body (2). ) And a joining member provided on the rod body (3) and joined to another frame member (1). 2. A frame member for constituting a skeleton structure, comprising: a wooden frame main body (2); and a longitudinally provided axial center portion of the frame main body (2);
A metal rod (3) projecting from both ends of the frame body (2) with a required length, and a projecting portion (31) of the rod (3) are provided, and other frame members ( A frame member, comprising: (1) a joining member for joining. 3. The frame member according to claim 1, wherein the frame body (2) has a laminated structure with a rod (3) interposed therebetween. 4. A frame structure comprising the frame member (1) according to claim 1, 2, or 3. 5. The frame structure according to claim 4, wherein a joint portion of the frame member is covered with a wooden cover member.