JP5956575B2 - リファキシミンを含む医薬組成物、その調製方法及び膣感染の治療におけるその使用 - Google Patents
リファキシミンを含む医薬組成物、その調製方法及び膣感染の治療におけるその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5956575B2 JP5956575B2 JP2014522169A JP2014522169A JP5956575B2 JP 5956575 B2 JP5956575 B2 JP 5956575B2 JP 2014522169 A JP2014522169 A JP 2014522169A JP 2014522169 A JP2014522169 A JP 2014522169A JP 5956575 B2 JP5956575 B2 JP 5956575B2
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- rifaximin
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- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/437—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. indolizine, beta-carboline
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/02—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for disorders of the vagina
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
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- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
本発明は、リファキシミンの顆粒を薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤とともに含む組成物であって、徐放性を有することを特徴とする組成物に関する。本発明はまた、前記組成物の調製方法及び膣感染、特に細菌性膣症の治療における前記組成物の使用も記載する。さらに、本発明はまた、前記疾患からの回復及び起こり得る再発の予防に有用かつ有効なリファキシミン投薬量も記載する。
リファキシミン(INN;メルクインデックス第13版(The Merck Index、XIII ed.)、8304、CAS No. 80621-81-4(非特許文献1)参照)、IUPAC命名法(2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R、23R,24R,25S,26S,27S,28E)−5,6,21,23,25 ペンタヒドロキシ−27−メトキシ−2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26−オクタメチル−2,7−(エポキシペンタデカ−(1,11,13)トリエンイミノ)ベンゾフロ(4,5−e)ピリド(1,2,−a)ベンズイミダゾール−1,15(2H)−ジオン,25−アセテート)は、リファンピシン群に属する半合成抗生物質である。より正確には、リファキシミンは、イタリア国特許第1154655号(特許文献1)に記載のピリド−イミダゾ−リファマイシンであり、一方、欧州特許第0161534号(特許文献2)には、リファマイシンO(メルクインデックス第13版(The Merck Index、XIII ed.)、8301(非特許文献2))を出発物質としてリファキシミンを製造する方法が記載されている。
本明細書に記載される代表的な実施形態は、膣感染、特に細菌性膣症の治療に有効な、リファキシミンを含む医薬組成物を提供することによって、従来のリファキシミン組成物の上記欠点を克服する。
本発明は、固形、特に錠剤形態で、200mg未満のリファキシミンを含む医薬組成物を開示し、この医薬組成物は、コントロールされた形態で(徐放様式で)リファキシミンを放出して、病原菌に対する選択的殺菌活性を与えることを特徴とする。
B群:実施例1に従って調製されたリファキシミン25mgを含むリファキシミンの膣錠を、1日1回5日間夕方に投与される患者;
C群:実施例2に従って調製されたリファキシミン100mgを含むリファキシミンの膣錠を、1日1回2日間夕方に投与され、さらに、プラシーボ膣錠を、残りの3日間1日1回夕方に投与される患者;
D群:リファキシミン量をラクトース水和物で置き換えて、実施例1に従って調製されたプラシーボ錠を、1日1回5日間夕方に投与される患者。
リファキシミンを含む膣錠の調製:組成1
リファキシミン25mgを含む固形組成物を、以下の工程を含む方法によって調製した:
(a)リファキシミンを含む顆粒を調製し、この顆粒を、崩壊剤の混合物を含むマトリックスと混合する工程;
(b)顆粒を圧縮して錠剤を得る工程;
(c)得られた錠剤をフィルムコーティング剤でコーティングする工程。
リファキシミン100mgを含む膣錠の調製
錠剤を実施例1に記載のように調製し、リファキシミン100mgを含む錠剤の最終組成を表6に示す。
リファキシミン25mgを含む膣錠の調製(組成3〜8)
リファキシミン25mgを含む組成3〜8を、実施例1に記載のような方法に従って調製した。
リファキシミン錠剤の崩壊時間の決定;組成1〜8
実施例1、2及び3に従って調製された組成1〜8を有する錠剤の崩壊時間を、European Pharmacopoeia 7.0 2.9.2, ref. 01/2008:20902に記載のようにして得た。
リファキシミンを含む親油性膣坐剤の調製及びリファキシミン放出の評価
界面活性剤を含む半グリセリド(Suppocire BS2X)の存在下、及びキシログルカンの存在下又は非存在下、リファキシミン50mg及び200mgを含む膣坐剤を調製した。それぞれの組成は、表10に示す量を有する。
リファキシミンを含む親水性膣坐剤の調製及びリファキシミン放出の評価
リファキシミン放出に対する賦形剤の効果を評価するために、リファキシミン100mgと様々な量の賦形剤とを含む膣坐剤を調製した。
膣錠、親水性及び親油性膣坐剤からのリファキシミンの放出の比較
実施例5に従って調製されたリファキシミン100mgを含む親油性膣坐剤、実施例6に従って調製された、それぞれリファキシミン25及び100mgを含む親水性膣坐剤、並びに実施例2に従って調製されたリファキシミン100mgを含む錠剤を、37℃に加熱した環境中で水10mlを含むバッグに入れた。放出されたリファキシミン量を、一定の時間間隔で測定した。この実験を各組成について3回繰り返し行った。
OV−IDR.6:実施例6のように調製され、リファキシミン25mgを含む;
OV−LIP.5:実施例2のように調製され、リファキシミン100mgを含む。
膣錠及び膣坐剤で投与された場合のリファキシミンの膣内経路によるウサギのバイオアベイラビリティ研究
未経産かつ未妊娠の雌性ニュージーランドホワイトSPF(Specific Pathogen free)ウサギ12匹(各群6匹)を、実施例1及び4のように調製されたリファキシミン12.5を含む膣錠及び膣坐剤を用いて単回投与で処置した。処置の間、対照群と比較して、処置された動物において局所的な臨床的徴候も処置への反応も体重変化も観察されなかった。
Cmax:血漿中で測定された最高濃度
tmax:最高血漿中濃度への到達に必要な時間
AUC(0−t last):t=0(投与前)から最後(最終定量化濃度)までの血漿中濃度−時間曲線下面積
AUC(inf):t=0からt=無限大までの血漿中濃度−時間曲線下面積
表15は、リファキシミン12.5mgを含む膣錠及び膣坐剤の投与後の薬物動態学的パラメータを示す。
動物感染モデルにおける膣坐剤及び膣錠中のリファキシミン組成物の有効性の決定
リファキシミンを含む錠剤及び膣坐剤における膣用組成物の有効性を、ウサギにおける執拗な細菌感染の動物モデルで評価した。
リファキシミン膣錠の薬物動態学的研究(第I相臨床試験)による全身性吸収、局所性及び全身性許容性の決定
健康なボランティアに対する第I相試験を実施して、膣経路を通じて単回投与後に起こり得るリファキシミン膣錠の全身性吸収並びに局所性及び全身性の許容性を評価した。
リファキシミン膣錠の投与後の許容性の決定
第I相試験において、リファキシミン100mgを含む膣錠の単回投与後の、健康なボランティア24名に対する局所性及び全身性許容性も評価した。
リファキシミン膣錠による細菌性膣症の治療
この例では、18〜50歳の妊娠していない細菌性膣症患者114名に対して実施された第II相臨床試験を記載している。
B群:実施例1に従って調製されたリファキシミン25mgを含むリファキシミンの膣錠を、1日1回5日間夕方に投与される患者23名;
C群:実施例2に従って調製されたリファキシミン100mgを含むリファキシミンの膣錠を、1日1回2日間夕方に投与され、さらに、プラシーボ膣錠を、残りの3日間1日1回夕方に投与される患者19名;
D群:リファキシミン量をラクトース水和物で置き換えて、実施例1に従って調製されたプラシーボ錠を、1日1回5日間夕方に投与される患者22名。
治療前の来院時と比較して、治療終了時の来院(V3)において3ポイントと等しいか又はそれより大きな低下を示す患者の評価
実施例12に記載のように、臨床試験に登録された治療群A、B、C及びDに属する患者は、治療前の来院においてニュージェントスコア値7〜10を示した。
治療前の来院(V1)と比較して、治療終了時の来院(V3)において3ポイントと等しいか又はそれより大きな低下を示す患者の評価
実施例12に記載のように、臨床試験に登録された治療群A、B、C及びDに属する患者は、治療前の来院においてニュージェントスコア値7〜10を示した。
治療前の来院(V1)と比較して、治療終了時の来院(V3)において8ポイントと等しいか又はそれより大きな低下を示す患者の評価
実施例12に記載のように、臨床試験に登録された治療群A、B、C及びDに属する患者は、治療前の来院においてニュージェントスコア値7〜10を示した。
リファキシミンを含む膣錠による治療に反応しない患者の決定
実施例12に記載のように、臨床試験に登録された治療群A、B、C及びDに属する患者は、治療前の来院においてニュージェントスコア値7〜10を示した。
来院V1及びV3における定量的リアルタイムPCT技術を用いる膣内微生物相の組成の決定
実施例12に記載の臨床試験の間、膣洗浄(vaginal cleansing)のサンプルを回収し、膣内微生物相の組成を定量的リアルタイムPCRによって決定した。
リファキシミン膣錠による治療後の来院V1及びV4における定量的リアルタイムPCR技術を用いる膣内微生物相の組成の決定
膣内微生物相の組成を、来院V4(治療終了の30〜40日後)において回復を維持する患者について、定量的リアルタイムPCR技術によって決定し、性及び/又は種特異的プライマーを用いて増幅されたDNAサンプルを、リアルタイムPCR技術によって評価した。
リファキシミン製剤による治療後のPCR−DGGEを用いる膣内微生物相の組成の決定
臨床試験の間、膣リンスのサンプルを採取し、膣内微生物相の組成をPCR−DGGE技術で評価した。この技術は、電気泳動プロセス及び細菌性16S rRNA領域のためのユニバーサルプライマーを用いるDNA増幅によって種々の細菌性DNAの同定を可能にする。この技法の結果は、クラスターと呼ばれる可視バンドの列であり、この各バンドは、検討されたサンプルに存在する細菌種のDNAを表す。
Claims (18)
- (a)2.5mg〜200mgの量のリファキシミンと、少なくとも1つの結合剤を含む1又は複数の顆粒内賦形剤とを含む、リファキシミンの顆粒;及び
(b)少なくとも1つの崩壊剤を含む1又は複数の顆粒外賦形剤であって、前記顆粒外崩壊剤が、クロスポビドン、ケイ酸カルシウム及びこれらの混合物から選択される、1又は複数の顆粒外賦形剤
を含む膣錠形態の医薬組成物であって、必要に応じてフィルムコーティング剤でコーティングされた医薬組成物。 - リファキシミンの量が2.5〜100mgである請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- リファキシミンの量が12.5mgである請求項2記載の医薬組成物。
- リファキシミンの量が25mgである請求項2記載の医薬組成物。
- リファキシミンの量が100mgである請求項2記載の医薬組成物。
- 顆粒内賦形剤が、さらに、希釈剤及び滑沢剤の少なくとも1つを含み;顆粒外賦形剤が、さらに、結合剤、希釈剤及び滑沢剤の少なくとも1つ、並びに必要に応じて生体接着剤、防腐剤、緩衝剤、消毒剤及び天然香料を含む請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- リファキシミンの顆粒が、リファキシミンの顆粒の重量に対して、
リファキシミン:1〜80%(w/w);
結合剤:0.5〜20%(w/w);
希釈剤:30〜90%(w/w);
滑沢剤:0.1〜5%(w/w)
を含む請求項1記載の医薬組成物。 - リファキシミンの顆粒が、リファキシミンの顆粒の重量に対して、
リファキシミン:5〜30%(w/w);
結合剤:1〜10%(w/w);
希釈剤:50〜90%(w/w);
滑沢剤:0.5〜4%(w/w)
を含む請求項7記載の医薬組成物。 - 医薬組成物が、医薬組成物の重量に対して、
リファキシミンの顆粒:10〜85%(w/w);
滑沢剤:0.1〜10%(w/w);
結合剤:0.5〜5%(w/w);
希釈剤:10〜80%(w/w);
崩壊剤:2〜20%(w/w)
を含む請求項1記載の医薬組成物。 - 錠剤の重量に対して、
リファキシミンの顆粒:20〜60%(w/w);
ステアリン酸マグネシウム:0.1〜10%(w/w);
コポビドン:0.5〜4%(w/w);
ラクトース:10〜80%(w/w);
クロスポビドン及びケイ酸カルシウム:2〜20%(w/w)
を含む請求項9記載の医薬組成物。 - 多形又は無定形の形態のリファキシミンを含む請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 2.5mg〜200mgの量のリファキシミンと、少なくとも1つの結合剤を含む1又は複数の顆粒内賦形剤と、少なくとも1つの崩壊剤を含む1又は複数の顆粒外賦形剤であって、前記顆粒外崩壊剤が、クロスポビドン、ケイ酸カルシウム及びこれらの混合物から選択される1又は複数の顆粒外賦形剤とを含む錠剤形態の医薬組成物を製造する方法であって、以下の工程:
リファキシミンと、1又は複数の顆粒内賦形剤との混合物を、乾式造粒することによってリファキシミンの顆粒を形成する工程;
前記リファキシミンの顆粒と、崩壊剤を含む1又は複数の顆粒外賦形剤とをまず混合し、次いで圧縮することによって錠剤を形成する工程
を含む方法。 - 細菌性膣感染の治療又は予防のための請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 膣内細菌が、ガードネレラ・バギナリス(Gardnerella vaginalis)、マイコプラズマ・ホミニス(Mycoplasma hominis)、バクテロイデス属(Bacteroides)、アトポビウム・バギナーレ(Atopobium vaginale)、ペプトストレプトコッカス属(Peptostreptococcus)、モビルンカス属(Mobiluncus)、プレボテラ属(Prevotella)、ベイヨネラ属(Veillonella)及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 細菌性膣症の治療における使用のための請求項1記載の医薬組成物であって、前記治療が、膣用組成物を、1週間より短い治療のクールにおいて、リファキシミン投薬量200mg/日未満で被験体に投与する工程を含む医薬組成物。
- 治療のクールにおけるリファキシミンの総量が700mg未満である請求項13記載の医薬組成物。
- 細菌性膣症の患者におけるニュージェント(Nugent)及びアムセル(Amsel)の診断基準のスコア低減のための請求項15記載の医薬組成物。
- 膣感染の治療における2.5mg〜100mgの量のリファキシミンと許容可能な賦形剤とを含む膣錠形態の請求項1記載の医薬組成物であって、治療期間が1週間より短い医薬組成物。
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| PCT/IB2012/001438 WO2013017928A1 (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2012-07-26 | Pharmaceutical compositions comprising rifaximin, processes for their preparation and their use in the treatment of vaginal infections |
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| IT1398550B1 (it) | 2010-03-05 | 2013-03-01 | Alfa Wassermann Spa | Formulazioni comprendenti rifaximina utili per ottenere un effetto prolungato nel tempo |
| ITBO20110461A1 (it) | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | Alfa Wassermann Spa | Composizioni farmaceutiche comprendenti rifaximina, processi per la loro preparazione e loro uso nel trattamento di infezioni vaginali. |
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| HUE026465T2 (en) | 2016-05-30 |
| HRP20151095T1 (hr) | 2015-12-04 |
| AU2012291767B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
| DK2736488T3 (en) | 2015-11-02 |
| WO2013017928A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
| EP2736488B1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
| EA201490264A1 (ru) | 2014-08-29 |
| CA2841415C (en) | 2016-03-22 |
| UA111972C2 (uk) | 2016-07-11 |
| JP2014521632A (ja) | 2014-08-28 |
| PT2736488E (pt) | 2015-11-20 |
| AU2012291767A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
| US20130028971A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
| NZ620418A (en) | 2015-03-27 |
| ITBO20110461A1 (it) | 2013-01-30 |
| PL2736488T3 (pl) | 2015-12-31 |
| EA025047B1 (ru) | 2016-11-30 |
| EP2736488A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
| SI2736488T1 (sl) | 2015-12-31 |
| MX2014001139A (es) | 2014-02-27 |
| RS54329B1 (sr) | 2016-02-29 |
| ES2549560T3 (es) | 2015-10-29 |
| CN103732212A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
| CA2841415A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
| TN2014000009A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| CN103732212B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
| US10258610B2 (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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