JP7539470B2 - 車両センサ視野ボリュームのリアルタイム調整 - Google Patents
車両センサ視野ボリュームのリアルタイム調整 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/08—Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
- B60W30/095—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision
- B60W30/0956—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision the prediction being responsive to traffic or environmental parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W60/00—Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
- B60W60/001—Planning or execution of driving tasks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
- G01S13/865—Combination of radar systems with lidar systems
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/86—Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
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- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G01W1/00—Meteorology
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05D1/0088—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots characterized by the autonomous decision making process, e.g. artificial intelligence, predefined behaviours
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
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- G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
- G06V10/44—Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersections; Connectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06V10/50—Extraction of image or video features by performing operations within image blocks; by using histograms, e.g. histogram of oriented gradients [HoG]; by summing image-intensity values; Projection analysis
- G06V10/507—Summing image-intensity values; Histogram projection analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
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- G06V10/88—Image or video recognition using optical means, e.g. reference filters, holographic masks, frequency domain filters or spatial domain filters
- G06V10/89—Image or video recognition using optical means, e.g. reference filters, holographic masks, frequency domain filters or spatial domain filters using frequency domain filters, e.g. Fourier masks implemented on spatial light modulators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/56—Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
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- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0116—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from roadside infrastructure, e.g. beacons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/048—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for compensation of environmental or other condition, e.g. snow, vehicle stopped at detector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/69—Control of means for changing angle of the field of view, e.g. optical zoom objectives or electronic zooming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
- B60W2420/40—Photo, light or radio wave sensitive means, e.g. infrared sensors
- B60W2420/403—Image sensing, e.g. optical camera
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
- B60W2420/40—Photo, light or radio wave sensitive means, e.g. infrared sensors
- B60W2420/408—Radar; Laser, e.g. lidar
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
- B60W2556/45—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0231—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means
- G05D1/0246—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using a video camera in combination with image processing means
- G05D1/0251—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using a video camera in combination with image processing means extracting 3D information from a plurality of images taken from different locations, e.g. stereo vision
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- G05D1/0257—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using a radar
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- G05D1/247—Arrangements for determining position or orientation using signals provided by artificial sources external to the vehicle, e.g. navigation beacons
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Description
本開示は、2019年12月23日に提出された米国仮第62/952,879号の優先権を主張する2020年8月25日に提出された米国非仮出願第17/002,092号の優先権を主張し、その内容は参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
多くの車両には、車両のナビゲーションおよび制御を支援する様々な検知システムが含まれている。一部の車両は、人間とのインタラクションが動作に使用されない完全自律モード、人間とのインタラクションがほとんど動作に使用されない半自律モード、または人間が車両を操作し、センサが人間を支援し得る人間操作モードで動作する可能性がある。センサは車両の周囲の領域に関する情報を提供するために使用されてもよい。この情報は、車道および車両の近くにある他の物体(他の車両、歩行者など)の特徴を識別するために使用され得る。
次に、例示的なシステムおよびデバイスについてより詳細に説明する。概して、本明細書に開示される実施形態は、システムの環境をスキャンする1つ以上のセンサを含む任意のシステムで使用することができる。本明細書に記載の例証的な実施形態は、LIDAR、レーダ、ソナー、カメラなどのセンサを採用する車両を含む。しかし、システムの例はまた、他の可能性の中でもとりわけ、ロボットデバイス、産業システム(例えば、組立ラインなど)、またはモバイル通信システムもしくはデバイスなどの他のデバイスとして実装されるか、または他のデバイスの形態を取り得る。
図4は、様々なセンサ視野を有する自律車両400の例を示している。図2に関して前述したように、車両400は複数のセンサを含むことができる。様々なセンサの位置は、図2に開示されているセンサの位置に対応している可能性がある。しかし、場合によっては、センサが他の位置にあってもよい。図面を単純にするために、センサ位置は図4Aから省かれている。図4Aは、車両400の各センサユニットのそれぞれの視野を示している。センサの視野は、センサが物体を検出することができる角度領域、およびセンサが確実に物体を検出することができるセンサからの最大距離に対応する範囲を含み得る。
本開示のシステムおよび方法の例を以下でより詳細に説明する。
Claims (8)
- 自律車両の動作を制御するためのシステムであって、前記システムが、
1つ以上のセンサであって、前記1つ以上のセンサの各センサが、視野ボリュームに従って動作するように構成されており、前記視野ボリュームが、前記センサが、事前に定められた信頼度閾値よりも高い信頼度レベルで物体を検出すると期待される前記自律車両の周囲の空間を表す、1つ以上のセンサと、
前記1つ以上のセンサに結合された1つ以上のプロセッサと、
前記1つ以上のプロセッサに結合された、かつ命令が保存されているメモリと、を備え、前記命令は、前記1つ以上のプロセッサによって実行されると、前記1つ以上のプロセッサに、
前記自律車両の複数の運行設計領域(ODD)を識別することであって、各ODDが、環境条件、地理的条件、時刻条件、交通状況、または道路状況のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、また各ODDが、前記1つ以上のセンサのうちの少なくとも1つのセンサの所定の視野ボリュームに関連付けられていることと、
前記自律車両を前記複数のODDのうちの第1のODDに関連付けることと、
前記自律車両の動作環境の変化を検出することと、
前記検出することに応じて、前記自律車両を前記複数のODDのうちの第2のODDに関連付けることと、
前記自律車両が前記第2のODDに関連付けられていることに応じて、前記第2のODDに関連付けられた前記所定の視野ボリュームを使用して前記少なくとも1つのセンサを動作させることであって、前記少なくとも1つのセンサが、前記第2のODDに関連付けられた前記所定の視野ボリュームの範囲、方位角、または仰角を超える視野ボリュームに対応するセンサデータを出力する場合、前記第2のODDに関連付けられた前記所定の視野ボリュームの範囲、方位角、または仰角を超える部分に対応するセンサデータを無視することと、を含む動作を実行させる、システム。 - 前記自律車両の前記動作環境の前記変化を検出することが、前記1つ以上のセンサのうちの少なくとも1つのセンサを使用して前記自律車両の前記動作環境の前記変化を検出することを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記自律車両の前記動作環境の前記変化を検出することが、前記1つ以上のセンサとは異なる外部センサを使用して前記自律車両の前記動作環境の前記変化を検出することを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記外部センサが、前記自律車両から離れて位置しており、道路構造物に取り付けられている、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2のODDに関連付けられた前記所定の視野ボリュームを使用して前記少なくとも1つのセンサを動作させることが、前記第1のODDに関連付けられた所定の視野ボリュームを使用して前記少なくとも1つのセンサを動作させるときよりも小さい視野ボリュームを使用して、前記少なくとも1つのセンサを動作させることを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1のODDが、晴天の気象条件の環境条件を含み、
前記第2のODDが、雨の条件、霧の条件、または雪の条件のうちの1つ以上の環境条件を含む、請求項5に記載のシステム。 - 前記第1のODDが、第1の時刻の第1の時刻条件を含み、
前記第2のODDが、前記第1の時刻とは異なる第2の時刻の第2の時刻条件を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記第1のODDが、第1の交通状況を含み、
前記第2のODDが、前記第1の交通状況とは異なる第2の交通状況を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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| PCT/US2020/065914 WO2021133659A1 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-18 | Real-time adjustment of vehicle sensor field of view volume |
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