JP7738568B2 - 音響トランスデューサ用多孔質セラミックスの作製方法 - Google Patents
音響トランスデューサ用多孔質セラミックスの作製方法Info
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- JP7738568B2 JP7738568B2 JP2022556119A JP2022556119A JP7738568B2 JP 7738568 B2 JP7738568 B2 JP 7738568B2 JP 2022556119 A JP2022556119 A JP 2022556119A JP 2022556119 A JP2022556119 A JP 2022556119A JP 7738568 B2 JP7738568 B2 JP 7738568B2
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- ceramic body
- sintering
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Description
本明細書の概要部分で上述したように、本明細書に記載の実施方法では、はるかに容易かつ簡素な方法で、多孔質セラミック体及びトランスデューサアレイを形成できる。この方法は、よりクリーンで、より低コストであり、より広い設計パラメータの組み合わせ及びより良い性能を提供することができる。特に、ここに記載される方法では、後処理により多孔質セラミック体となる圧粉体を、射出成形により形成することができる。得られたセラミック体は、例えば、約15mmよりも厚く(例えば、約15mmと約30mmの間に)することができ、表面に電極を付す前に表面を研磨する必要がない。
電気機械式トランスデューサは、音響用途において電気エネルギーと機械エネルギーの相互変換に使用される。このような用途には、共振器、音響信号検出器、音響プロジェクター、非破壊検査、超音波画像処理などが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。一般に、このようなトランスデューサの音響活性要素は、チタン酸ジルコン酸鉛(PZT)、ニオブ酸マグネシウム鉛(PMN)、または同様の強圧電材料などの圧電セラミック材料で作られている。(例えば、B. Jaffe et al., Piezoelectric Ceramics, Academic Press, London, N.Y., 1971,特にチャプター5、7、8を参照)。
なお、本発明は、実施の態様として下記の内容を含む。
〔態様1〕
多孔質セラミック体を作製する方法であって、
セラミック材料粉末、バインダー材料、および気孔形成用粒子を混合してなる圧粉体を形成する工程と、
一次予備焼成温度で前期圧粉体を加熱し、該圧粉体から前期バインダー材料を除去する工程と、
前記一次予備焼成温度よりも高い中間予備焼成温度で前記圧粉体を加熱して前記気孔形成粒子を分解する工程と、
前記中間予備焼成温度より高い最終予備焼成温度で前期圧粉体を加熱することにより、前記圧粉体から残留有機物を除去する工程と、
前記最終予備焼成温度よりも高い焼結温度で前記圧粉体を焼結して、多孔質セラミック体を形成する工程と、
を含む方法。
〔態様2〕
態様1に記載の方法において、
前記圧粉体を形成する工程は、
前記混合物の射出成形を含む方法。
〔態様3〕
態様2に記載の方法において、
前記射出成形でネットシェイプに成形する方法。
〔態様4〕
態様1から3のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記多孔質セラミック体は、圧電性の複合体である、方法。
〔態様5〕
態様1から4のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記セラミック材料粉末がPZT粉末である、方法。
〔態様6〕
態様1から5のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記バインダー材料がワックスである、方法。
〔態様7〕
態様1から6のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記気孔形成性粒子がPMMA粒子である、方法。
〔態様8〕
態様1から7のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記気孔形成粒子が5μm以上15μm以下の平均直径を有する、方法。
態様1から8のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記一次予備焼成温度が290℃以上390℃以下である、方法。
〔態様10〕
態様1から9のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記一次予備焼成温度が310℃以上370℃以下である、方法。
〔態様11〕
態様1から10のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記中間予備焼成温度が450℃以上550℃以下である、方法。
〔態様12〕
態様1から11のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記中間予備焼成温度が475℃以上525℃以下である、方法。
〔態様13〕
態様1から12のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記最終予備焼成温度が600℃以上800℃以下である、方法。
〔態様14〕
態様1から13のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記最終予備焼成温度が675℃以上725℃以下である、方法。
〔態様15〕
態様1から14のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記焼結温度が1025℃以上1485℃以下である、方法。
〔態様16〕
態様1から15のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記焼結温度が1225℃以上1285℃以下である、方法。
〔態様17〕
態様1から15のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記最終予備焼成工程後、前記焼結工程前に、前記圧粉体をPb雰囲気に密閉することをさらに含む、方法。
〔態様18〕
態様1から17のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
バインダー材料の除去、気孔形成粒子の分解、および残留有機物の除去の少なくとも1つが、前記圧粉体を安定化ジルコニアまたはジルコン(ZrSiO 4 )の砂浴に浸漬して行われる、方法。
〔態様19〕
態様1から18のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記圧粉体の焼結は、圧粉体をAl 2 O 3 基台に載おこなわれる、方法。
〔態様20〕
態様1~19のいずれか一態様に記載の方法により作製された多孔質セラミック体を含む、音響トランスデューサ。
〔態様21〕
前記多孔質セラミック体は、態様1の方法に従って作製された後、少なくとも約15mmの厚さを有する、
態様20に記載の音響トランスデューサ。
〔態様22〕
前記多孔質セラミック体は、態様1の方法に従って作製された後、少なくとも約20mmの厚さを有する、
態様21に記載の音響トランスデューサ。
〔態様23〕
前記圧粉体の焼結で、理論密度の65%以上95%以下に焼結されている、
態様20~22のいずれか一態様に記載の音響トランスデューサ。
〔態様24〕
圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサを作製する方法であって、
態様1~19のいずれか一態様に記載の方法に従って、多孔質セラミック体を準備するステップと、
焼結され前記多孔質セラミック体の相対向する表面に電極を形成し、圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサを形成するステップを含む、方法。
〔態様25〕
圧粉体を形成する工程が、前記混合物を射出成形することを含む、態様24に記載の方法。
〔態様26〕
前記射出成形でネットシェイプに成形する、態様25に記載の方法。
〔態様27〕
焼結された多孔質セラミック体の、実質的に非多孔性の、両側の表面に電極を形成するステップを含む、態様24~26のいずれか一態様に記載の方法。
〔態様28〕
態様24~27のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記音響トランスデューサに少なくとも1つのバッキング層または整合層を取り付けるステップをさらに含む、方法。
〔態様29〕
態様24~28のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記音響トランスデューサを高分子材料で封入ステップをさらに含む、方法。
〔態様30〕
態様24~29のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記焼結多孔質セラミック体は圧電セラミック体であり、
電界を印加することにより前記焼結多孔質セラミック体をポーリングするステップをさらに含む、方法。
〔態様31〕
態様24~30のいずれか一態様に記載の方法において、
前記電極の形成により、
前記圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサが1~3または2~2の圧電複合接続性を示す、方法。
〔態様32〕
態様24~31のいずれか一態様に記載の方法により作製された圧電型又は電歪型音響トランスデューサ。
〔態様33〕
多孔質セラミック体を作製する方法であって、
セラミック材料粉末、バインダー材料、および気孔形成粒子の混合物を射出成形することによって形成され、射出成形後にバインダー材料が実質的に除去された圧粉体を加熱して、前記圧粉体から気孔形成粒子を分解する工程と;
前記圧粉体から気孔形成粒子を分解した後に、該圧粉体を焼結することにより多孔質セラミック体を形成する工程を含む、方法。
〔態様34〕
前記気孔形成粒子の分解が、前記圧粉体を中間予備焼成温度で加熱することにより行われ、前記焼結が、圧粉体を中間予備焼成温度よりも高い焼結温度で加熱することにより行われ;
分解後、前記焼結の前に、圧粉体を中間予備焼成温度よりも高く、前記焼結温度よりも低い最終予備焼成温度で加熱して残留有機材料を圧粉体から取り除く工程をさらに含む態様33に記載の方法。
〔態様35〕
態様33または態様34に記載の方法により作製された多孔質セラミック体からなる音響トランスデューサ。
52 平板状エレメント
54 トレンチ
56 平板状基体
412 室温
416 一次予備焼成温度
424 中間予備焼成温度
428 最終予備焼成温度
432 焼結温度
638 混合物
640 セラミック材料粉末
642 気孔形成粒子
644 バインダー材料
638、648、652 圧粉体
656 多孔質セラミック体
658 気孔
760 置台
762 砂浴
868 電極
900、1000 音響トランスデューサ
1001 音響トランスデューサアレイ
1072 バッキング層材料
1176 整合層材料
Claims (33)
- 多孔質セラミック体を作製する方法であって、
セラミック材料粉末、バインダー材料、および気孔形成用粒子を混合してなる圧粉体を形成する工程と、
一次予備焼成温度で前記圧粉体を加熱し、該圧粉体から前記バインダー材料を除去する工程と、
前記一次予備焼成温度よりも高い中間予備焼成温度で前記圧粉体を加熱して前記気孔形成粒子を分解する工程と、
前記中間予備焼成温度より高い最終予備焼成温度で前記圧粉体を加熱することにより、前記圧粉体から残留有機物を除去する工程と、
前記最終予備焼成温度よりも高い焼結温度で前記圧粉体を焼結して、多孔質セラミック体を形成する工程と、
圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサを形成するため、焼結された前記多孔質セラミック体の相対向する表面に電極を形成する工程と、
を含む方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
前記圧粉体を形成する工程は、
前記混合物の射出成形を含む方法。 - 請求項2に記載の方法において、
前記射出成形でネットシェイプに成形する方法。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記多孔質セラミック体は、圧電性の複合体である、方法。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記セラミック材料粉末がPZT粉末である、方法。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記バインダー材料がワックスである、方法。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記気孔形成性粒子がPMMA粒子である、方法。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記気孔形成粒子が5μm以上15μm以下の平均直径を有する、方法。 - 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記一次予備焼成温度が290℃以上390℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記一次予備焼成温度が310℃以上370℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記中間予備焼成温度が450℃以上550℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記中間予備焼成温度が475℃以上525℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記最終予備焼成温度が600℃以上800℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記最終予備焼成温度が675℃以上725℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記焼結温度が1025℃以上1485℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記焼結温度が1225℃以上1285℃以下である、方法。 - 請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記最終予備焼成工程後、前記焼結工程前に、前記圧粉体をPb雰囲気に密閉することをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
バインダー材料の除去、気孔形成粒子の分解、および残留有機物の除去の少なくとも1つが、前記圧粉体を安定化ジルコニアまたはジルコン(ZrSiO4)の砂浴に浸漬して行われる、方法。 - 請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記圧粉体の焼結は、圧粉体をAl2O3基台に載おこなわれる、方法。 - 請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法により多孔質セラミック体を作製するステップを含み、
焼結後の前記多孔質セラミック体が少なくとも約15mmの厚さを有する、
音響トランスデューサの製造方法。 - 焼結後の前記多孔質セラミック体が、少なくとも約20mmの厚さを有する、
請求項20に記載の音響トランスデューサの製造方法。 - 前記圧粉体の焼結で、理論密度の65%以上95%以下に焼結する、
請求項20または21に記載の音響トランスデューサの製造方法。 - 圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサを作製する方法であって、
請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って、多孔質セラミック体を準備するステップを含む、方法。 - 圧粉体を形成する工程が、前記混合物を射出成形することを含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記射出成形でネットシェイプに成形する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 焼結された多孔質セラミック体の、実質的に非多孔性の、両側の表面に電極を形成するステップを含む、請求項23から25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項23から26のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記音響トランスデューサに少なくとも1つのバッキング層または整合層を取り付けるステップをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項23から27のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記音響トランスデューサを高分子材料で封入するステップをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項23から28のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記焼結多孔質セラミック体は圧電セラミック体であり、
電界を印加することにより前記焼結多孔質セラミック体をポーリングするステップをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項23から29のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、
前記電極の形成により、
前記圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサが1~3または2~2の圧電複合接続性を示す、方法。 - 多孔質セラミック体を作製する方法であって、
セラミック材料粉末、バインダー材料、および気孔形成粒子の混合物を射出成形することによって形成された圧粉体を加熱して、前記圧粉体から気孔形成粒子を分解する工程と;
気孔形成粒子の分解後に前記圧粉体から残留有機物を除去する工程と;
前記圧粉体から気孔形成粒子を分解し残留有機物を除去した後に、該圧粉体を焼結することにより多孔質セラミック体を形成する工程と、
焼結された前記多孔質セラミック体の相対向する表面に電極を形成し、圧電型または電歪型音響トランスデューサを形成する工程と、
を含み、
前記気孔形成粒子を分解する工程の前に、射出成型後の圧粉体からバインダー材料が実質的に除去される、
方法。 - 前記気孔形成粒子の分解が、前記圧粉体を中間予備焼成温度で加熱することにより行われ、前記焼結が、圧粉体を中間予備焼成温度よりも高い焼結温度で加熱することにより行われ;
前記圧粉体から残留有機物を除去する工程が、気孔形成粒子の分解後、前記焼結の前に、圧粉体を中間予備焼成温度よりも高く、前記焼結温度よりも低い最終予備焼成温度で加熱することにより行われる請求項31に記載の方法。 - 請求項31または請求項32に記載の方法により多孔質セラミック体を作製するステップを含む音響トランスデューサの製造方法。
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| JP2000119063A (ja) | 1998-08-12 | 2000-04-25 | Ueda Japan Radio Co Ltd | 多孔質誘電体シ―ト、及び圧電振動子 |
| JP2008110896A (ja) | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-15 | Denso Corp | セラミックハニカム構造体の製造方法 |
| CN103553601A (zh) | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 一种三层结构锆钛酸铅铁电陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| JP2017226560A (ja) | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-28 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 無機質焼結体製造用ペースト |
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| WO2021188320A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
| JP2023520167A (ja) | 2023-05-16 |
| EP4103529A1 (en) | 2022-12-21 |
| EP4103529C0 (en) | 2026-03-18 |
| US20220041515A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
| US11746062B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| EP4103529B1 (en) | 2026-03-18 |
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