JPH01257002A - Cutting equipment such as mortise machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a cutting device such as a grooving machine.
In particular, the cutting reference position, which varies depending on the size of the material method 1, is detected with a simple configuration, and is adapted to the appropriate cutting 7JD machining.

(Prior Art) In recent years, the processing of joints in wooden buildings has been mechanized for various reasons, such as to compensate for the shortage of skilled workers, or to improve structural strength and precision.

An example of the shape of the tenon constituting the joint is shown in Figure 5 (△) and (B), where the paired male and female grooves have dimensions based on the top surface of the material. The cutting process is carried out in accordance with this.

Conventionally, as this type of processing machine, the Utility Model Publication No. 58-20323
According to this processing machine, the reference surface of the material is placed on the lower side, and the cutting tool is applied from the same lower side. According to this lower reference, the cutting reference position can always be kept constant regardless of the size of the material, which has a great advantage in controlling the groove dimensions.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, when using the above dimensions, there is a problem that the marked line indicating the cutting position is hidden at the bottom, making it difficult to work. Since it is not possible to provide a cover body on the surface, problems arise such as the need for an entire cover.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and provides a cutting device that can set an appropriate cutting reference position by 1q whenever the reference surface of the material is set on the upper side. It is intended for this purpose.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, a cutting device such as a mortise and tenon machine of the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, in the apparatus according to the present invention, a machining cutter is provided on a spindle head that is moved at least in the vertical direction by a drive motor, and this machining cutter is covered with a cover body, and the cover body is placed on the spindle head side. Against R
In addition to being supported so as to be freely lowerable, a detecting means for detecting movement of the spindle head side with respect to the cover body is attached, and the drive motor is controlled by a detection signal from the detecting means.

The spindle head and cover body are moved together,
When the cover comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece during subsequent movement, the movement of the spindle head relative to the cover is detected by the detection means. and,
By grasping the position of the machining cutter relative to the workpiece using this detection signal and controlling the drive motor, the cutting depth of the machining cutter after detection is managed, so that regardless of the size of the workpiece, the This allows accurate cutting based on the top surface.

(Example) Hereinafter, a cutting device such as a mortise and tenon machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 are a front view and a side view showing the overall configuration. 1 is a frame, 2 is a column established on the rear side of the frame 1, and 3 is a vertical guide rail 4 in the vertical direction provided on the column 2. The rental body engages with the guide rail 3 so that it can be raised and lowered. ~ = 11 is a first drive motor such as a pulse motor or servo motor that is mounted downward on the upper end of the column 2. 5 is the output shaft of the drive motor M. 6 is a passive nut of the elevating body 4 screwed onto the feed screw lN13; 7 is a horizontal guide rail in the left and right direction provided on the front surface of the elevating body 4; 8 is moved to the horizontal guide rail 7 The mounting base 9 that can be engaged with the mounting base 8 is a main shaft head of a high frequency motor provided on the mounting base 8. The main shaft head 10 is a spindle of the main shaft head 9 and is provided so as to protrude forward in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the above-described vertical and horizontal directions.

S is a processing cutter attached to the front end of the spindle 10 via the chuck 11. M, G is a second drive motor such as a pulse motor or a servo motor attached laterally to one end of the elevating body 4. 12 drive motor 13 is a feed screw shaft in the left and right direction attached to the output shaft of Mρ, and passive nuts 1 to 14 of the mounting base 8 screwed to the feed screw shaft 12 are the elevating body 4.
The lifting kite 15 is set up at the top of the lifting guide 1.
4 is a cover body of a processing cutter S that is engaged in a vertically movable manner, and is normally suspended at the lower end position of the vertical guide 14 by its ff1i. 16 is a dust collection port provided at the upper end of the cover body 15; 17 is a transparent viewing window provided on the front side of the cover body 15; 18 is a workpiece W attached to the bottom of the processing cutter S and attached to the base 8; A contact piece for positioning 1 is a table 20 provided on the front side of the frame 1 is a table 19
The forward and backward feed conveyor 21 provided above is a pair of clamp pieces 22 provided on both sides of the feed conveyor 20.
．． The centripetal vice means 23 constituted by 22 is an operating handle of the vice means.

In the above, when the workpiece W is fed onto the feed conveyor 20 with its tip regulated by the positioning contact piece 18, the processing cutter S and the cover body 15 are placed on the upper surface side of the workpiece W. The bottom edge is made to correspond.

Next, LS is a first limit switch attached to the elevating body 4 via the mounting stay 24, and constitutes a first detection means in correspondence with the contact 25 of the cover body 15. Then, when the cover body 15 comes into contact with the workpiece W,
The movement of the elevating body 4 in response to this is detected and a detection signal is transmitted. This detection signal is applied to the first and second drive motors M4.
, Mp act to switch the rapid feed rotation to the first cutting feed rotation.

LS unit is a second limit switch attached to the elevating body 4 via the mounting stay 26, and is connected to the contact 2 of the cover body 15.
7, the second detection means is configured. Then, when the elevating body 4 moves further downward by a predetermined amount from the first detection position with respect to the cover body 15 fixed above the workpiece ~f, a detection signal is transmitted. This detection signal acts to change the first cutting feed rotation of the first and second drive motors M4 and Mp to the second cutting feed rotation.

Using this detection signal as a starting point, the rotations of the first and second drive motors M2, M, and G are controlled according to a predetermined operation program. Various operating programs are prepared depending on the object to be machined, and are selected and set using a select switch (not shown) or the like. Further, the program operation based on the rotation control described above is given by a numerical value replaced by the number of transmitted pulse trains.

Here, the above-mentioned predetermined amount, that is, the detected position difference of the second limit switch l82 with respect to the first limit switch lS, is the lower end position of the cover body 15 in a state of freely hanging with respect to the elevating body 4, and the processing Set it to match the difference dimension from the center position of the cutter S for use. By setting in this way, the starting point of the operation program can be made to coincide with the upper surface of the workpiece W, which is the reference surface. Therefore, when numerically setting the tenon dimensions using this upper surface as a reference, it becomes easy to measure the operation program.

Therefore, in order to perform the 1st mortise process shown in FIG. 5(A) using the above-mentioned multi-tenon machine, proceed as follows. Note that the machining cutter S in the spindle head 9 is in a state of waiting for machining and is located at the machine origin as shown in FIG.

This origin position is above the center of the clamp piece 22, 22 formed in the centripetal vice means 21, and coincides with a marked line (not shown).

First, the workpiece W is fed onto the feed conveyor 20, its end portion is regulated by the positioning abutment piece 18, and then this IJ11 workpiece W is fixed centripetally by the clamp piece 22.22. . When the machining material has been set in this manner, the machining cutter S is rotated, and an electric control device (not shown) controls the drive motors M7 and M2 to command a pattern movement suitable for the workpiece.

In this female groove machining, feed control as shown in FIG. 4(A) is provided. That is, the drive motor M causes the origin a
When rapid feed is applied downward from , the cover body 15 moves downward together with the processing cutter S. As the cover body moves, it comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W, and when it reaches point b, the first detection signal is transmitted. This signal switches the rapid feed to the first cutting feed.

While the first cutting feed is being performed, the center position of the processing cutter S coincides with the reference upper surface of the workpiece W, and the
When the point is reached, a second detection signal is emitted. This signal causes the first cutting feed to be switched to the second cutting feed, and the drive motor M1 is programmed to operate based on this signal.

In the case of this 1-2 groove machining, a linear command is given to point d, and therefore, in this process, the required machining is performed on the end of the workpiece. And said d
The machining cutter S is quickly returned from the point to the origin a, and the machining is completed.

Next, the case of machining the male groove shown in FIG. 5(B) corresponding to the above-mentioned front groove will be explained.

In this case, the workpiece W used has the same dimensions as the front slot, and the setting is performed in the same manner as described above.

By the way, the processing cutter S will be replaced with one for male holes.

In this male groove machining, a pattern as shown in FIG. 4(B) is formed to provide feed control.

From origin a to point b, cover body 1 at point 0
Rapid feed is applied until point 5 comes into contact with the target loe I, (W. When it reaches the 0 point, the first detection signal is sent, and this signal switches the rapid feed to the first cutting feed. Next, point d The first cutting feed is maintained until the reference position is reached, and when the point d is reached, the first cutting feed is switched to the second switching feed, and
Drive motor M4 and Mp program operation are started.

This program operation is given by a straight line d-e, a circular arc ef, and a straight line f-Q, and in this process, the required machining is performed on the end of the workpiece. Then, the cutter is quickly returned to the origin a from point 0 via point h, and the machining is completed.

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the first cutting feed and the second cutting feed are defined separately, but there is no problem even if the feed speeds are the same. It goes without saying that the limit switch constituting the detection means may be replaced with other known detection switches.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the cover body is provided on the elevating body that operates only in the vertical direction, but the cover body may be provided on the mounting base of the spindle head that operates in the vertical and horizontal directions so as to be able to move up and down. So, as a common concept,
It is sufficient as long as the cover body is disposed so as to be movable up and down with respect to the spindle head.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, according to the cutting device according to the present invention, even if the cutting reference plane changes depending on the size of the workpiece, this can be appropriately detected and subsequent cutting can be carried out. It has the excellent effect of allowing accurate machining.

The cutting device of the present invention is equipped with a cutter and a cover body for enclosing the cutter, and is capable of cutting the upper surface of various materials based on the upper surface of the material, and is of a type in which the machining dimensions are managed. It can be applied not only to mortise and tenon machines but also to other woodworking machines.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of a cutting device such as a tenon machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of a tenon machine to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view, and FIG. A side view showing the structure of the part. Figures 4 (A) and (B) are explanatory diagrams of the operation of tenon processing.
Figures 5 (A>, (B) are explanatory diagrams showing the structure of the tenon. 4: Elevating body Ml, M2: Drive motor 8: Mounting base 9: Spindle head S: Machining cutter 15: Cover body 18: Positioning contact piece 20: Feeding conveyor 21: Centripetal vice means LS,, +3.: Limit switch 25.27: Contact W: Work

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a woodworking machine in which a machining cutter is provided on a spindle head that is moved at least in the vertical direction by a drive motor, and the machining cutter is covered by a cover body, the cover body is movable up and down with respect to the spindle head side, and the cover A cutting device such as a mortise machine, which is equipped with a detection means for detecting movement of a spindle head side relative to a body, and the drive motor is controlled based on a detection signal from the detection means.