JPH0145802B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a setting device for a protection relay, and more particularly to a setting device for a protection relay that facilitates the setting value of an analog type relay that is made into a custom LSI.

In conventional electromagnetic relays and transistor relays, the tension of the spring,
Electric circuit constants, transformer turns ratios (magnetic circuit constants), etc. have been used.

However, digital protection relays using microcomputers, which have recently been put into practical use,
System information input via a common input transformer is used to determine faults, which is equivalent to conventional multiple protective relay elements, so there is a limit to the ability to change the setting depending on the turns ratio of the input transformer. .

In other words, digital protection relays require a different expression method and setting format than the setting method for conventional protection relays, and the setting value setting method requires a common setting value setting section for all protection relays. Common settling methods are being adopted.

In addition, this common setting method does not use the conventional tap method (transformer turns ratio, etc.), but uses absolute values such as A (ampere), V (volt), and Ω (ohm), which are less prone to errors. The expression is being adopted.

On the other hand, as power system configurations become more sophisticated and complex, protection relay devices are becoming more sophisticated and sophisticated.
There is a growing need for smaller size, lower cost, and higher reliability. To address such requests,
As mentioned above, in addition to the development of digital relays using microcomputers, the development of custom ICs for conventional analog relays is underway.

The mainstream of future protection relay systems will be analog relays that have been converted into custom ICs by combining conventional discrete components, or combinations of such custom IC analog relays and digital relays that use microcomputers. It is thought that it will become.

When considering such a system, the first problem is the relay settling system. In other words, if the conventional tap method is used as the setting method for custom IC-based analog relays, it will not be consistent with the decimal and absolute value expressions of digital relays, which will be confusing to operators and may result in incorrect settings. It causes

Furthermore, in consideration of miniaturization, signal power of internal wiring, load on transformers, cost, etc., a method of integrating input transformers is desirable, and is actually being adopted. In such a lumping system, there are limits to the tap system due to the turns ratio of the transformer, etc., and a new analog type relay setting system becomes necessary.

The purpose of the present invention is to apply not only a single custom IC-based analog relay that is currently being developed, but also a relay system that includes a custom IC-based analog relay and a digital relay using a microcomputer. Even if
The purpose is to propose a common setting method (common setting method for decimal numbers and absolute value expression) that can be set using the same setting method.

The gist of the present invention is that it includes a relay selection switch and a setting value setting switch expressed in decimal and absolute values, which are common to digital type relays, and it is also possible to set integer values in decimal and absolute value expression for analog type relays. and store this setting value in memory,
Furthermore, this value is converted into a switch drive code, and the attenuator (setting) switch is controlled by this output.
The point is that it is set (voltage division).

Furthermore, in the present invention, the value converted to the switch drive code is inversely converted back to the value expressed in decimal and absolute value, and this is displayed so that the set value can be confirmed.

Further, the setting device of the present invention is configured so that it can be implemented using switches, indicators, etc. common to both analog type relays and digital type relays.

Further, the setting device of the present invention is characterized in that it enables online setting changes, which was impossible with conventional analog relays.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

First, the overall configuration of the present invention will be explained using FIG. 1. In the figure, 1A to 1N are signal lines that input system information (output of a shared auxiliary transformer), 1 is an analog filter that removes harmonics generated in the system, and 2 is a phase shift circuit (common to each relay element). (only basic phase shift).

Also, 3A to 3N are analog type relays made into custom ICs (one chip). Reference numeral 4 indicates an analog-to-digital conversion (A/D conversion) circuit, 5 a microcomputer described later, and 6 a common setting section described in detail later.

That is, FIG. 1 is an example of the case where the present invention is applied to a mixed system of a custom IC analog type relay and a digital type relay having a common input section.

In FIG. 1, the parts other than the common setting section 6 are the same as a conventional relay system consisting of a combination of an analog type relay and a digital type relay. However, in conventional relay systems, the setting of the analog relay section and the setting of the digital relay section were performed by separate analog and digital setting means (not shown).

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of the known digital relay (the A/D conversion circuit 4 and the microcomputer 5) shown in FIG.

In the figure, 41A to 41N are sample and hold elements, 42 is a multiplexer, 43 is an A/D converter, and 44 is a buffer memory circuit.

Further, 51 is an arithmetic processing unit (CPU: central processing unit) which is the central part of the microcomputer, and 52 is a program storage unit (ROM: read-only memory unit) that stores programs such as protection relay programs and sequence processing. It is.

53 is a data storage unit (RAM: random access memory unit) that temporarily stores input data and data in the middle of calculation, etc.; 54 is used to issue control commands to external equipment based on calculation results, and to store information on external equipment; The data input/output circuits (I/O sections) that input the outputs of the custom IC analog relays 3A to 3N described above are shown.

In such a block configuration, the digital protection relay performs a computation for detecting an accident at each sampling on input data at each sampling according to a stored known protection relay program.

For example, in the case of a known reactance relay, this calculation is performed according to equation (1): (I.Z.-V).IZ. . . (1). Of course, after performing this operation,
Needless to say, the integration process for a predetermined interval is performed to convert to a DC level, and the obtained value is compared with a predetermined value ΔV.

In addition, in the case of a known Morley relay, the calculation (I・Z・−V・)・V・ (2) of equation (2) is executed to perform the same processing as above.

Note that in the above equations (1) and (2), I. represents current, Z. represents settling impedance, and V represents voltage.

Next, the block configuration of the analog relay will be described.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the block configuration of a linear phase comparison type distance relay. In the figure, 10 and 11 are phase shift (vector synthesis) circuits, 12 is a settling section, 13 is a vector synthesis (addition) circuit, 14 and 15 are square wave conversion circuits, 16 is a comparison circuit, and 17 is a judgment logic circuit. There is.

For example, if the block configuration of FIG. 3 is applied to the known Morley relay whose vector diagram is shown in FIG. 4, the outputs of each part will be as follows. As is well known, in FIG. 4, the inside of the circle C is the operating range, and the outside of the circle C is the non-working range.

That is, when a current I is supplied to the input of the phase shift circuit 10 in FIG. 4 and a voltage V is supplied to the input of the other phase shift circuit 11, the output of the phase shift circuit 10 is I.
The output of the phase shift circuit 11 becomes V. Further, the output 12A of the setting section 12 becomes I.Z., and the output 12B becomes V.

Therefore, the output 13A of the vector synthesis circuit 13
is (I・Z・−V・), and 13B is V・. These signals are converted into square waves by square wave conversion circuits 14 and 15, respectively, and compared with a certain constant voltage by a comparison circuit 16. Furthermore, the judgment logic circuit 17
Then, a comparison is made to determine whether the overlapping angle between the two is 90° or more.

Similarly, when the block configuration shown in FIG. 3 is applied to the known reactance relay whose vector diagram is shown in FIG.
is V・, then the output 13A becomes (I・Z・−V・(,
Furthermore, by making the output 13B correspond to I, Z, and performing the same processing as in the case of the Mori relay, the reactance characteristics shown in FIG. 5 can be realized.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a block configuration when the custom IC analog type relays 3A to 3N of FIG. 1 are replaced with rectifying type analog relays.

In the figure, 20 is a setting circuit, 21 is a phase shift (phase increase) circuit, 22 is a rectifier circuit, 23 is a smoothing circuit,
Reference numeral 24 indicates a determination circuit. This block configuration is applicable to single input relays such as overcurrent relays and undervoltage relays.

Considering the above, considering the mixed system of custom IC analog type relays and digital type relays,
An overview of digital relays and an overview of the configuration of analog relays have been provided.

Next, a common setting method for these analog type relays and digital type relays will be described using FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a settling section according to the present invention.

First, we will discuss the setting method for analog relays. In the figure, 70 indicates a relay selection switch that selects a large number of relay elements. 71 is a selection relay address encoder.

72-1 to 72-n are electrically erasable and writable nonvolatile memories (EAROM) for storing set values; 73-1 to 73-n are latch circuits;
74-1 to 74-n are switch drive code converters (e.g., non-volatile memory: ROM1) that convert set values (decimal numbers, absolute value representation) into switch drive codes; 75-1 to 75-n; is a switch, and 76-1 to 76-n are voltage attenuators to be described later.

Also, 77 has a switch drive code set.
A switch drive code inverter that converts to a set value in decimal or absolute value representation (e.g. non-volatile memory:
ROM 2), 78 is a data selector, 79 is a driver circuit, 80 is a set value display, and 81 is a set value setting switch for setting set values in the nonvolatile memories 72-1 to 72-n.

82-1 to 82-n are the memories 72-1 to 72
- a latch signal control gate that latches the output of n;
90-1 to 90-n are the memories 72-1 to 72-
A write signal control gate 83 for writing data to n is a control switch such as a setting change control switch (signal A) and a data write switch (signal B).

The parts described above are the configurations related to the setting section of the analog relay.

Next, we will discuss the blocks necessary for setting the digital relay.

In the figure, 84 is an address selection switch (selector), and 85 is the memory 72-1 to 72-n.
86 is a display control (latch) circuit, 87 is an address matching circuit, 88-1 is a data latch control gate, 88-
2 is a gate for controlling data writing to the EAROM 85, 89 is a data latch (data memory) circuit, and 91 is a digital data bus.

The blocks 84 to 89 described above are the blocks related to the setting section of the digital relay.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, the operation of setting a set value for an analog relay in an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

First, when attempting to change the setting of the protection relay, the setting change switch 83 is pressed. As a result, the output signal A becomes 1 level.

Select the relay element whose setting is to be changed using the relay selection switch 70. In this way, the value selected by this switch 70 is encoded by the address encoder 71,
A selected one of the setting value storage EAROMs 72-1 to 72-n, that is, 72-i.
is specified (in other words, an address is specified).

Next, the setting value (constant) to be set in that relay is set by the setting value setting switch 81. This setting value is not set in a conventional percentage setting, but is set in a decimal absolute value expression, for example, 10A (ampere), 10V (volt), 10Ω (ohm).

Then press the setting value write switch 83. As a result, the output signal B becomes 1 level.

The set value set by the set value setting switch 81 is stored in the nonvolatile memory (EAROM) 72.
- Stored in i. Here, the use of a non-volatile memory (which is electrically rewritable) for storing the set value is a measure against power outages, and is not essential to the present invention.

Setting value (decimal,
(absolute value expression) is converted into a switch drive code as described later by a switch drive code converter (ROM1) 74-i. The operation of the latch circuit 73-i will be described later.

The switch drive code obtained by the switch drive code converter 74-i is transferred to the switch group 75-i.
is given, and the voltage division ratio of the voltage attenuator 76-i is set to a value corresponding to the input setting value.

FIG. 8 shows an example of the configuration of the switch group 75-i and the attenuator (setting section) 76-i. In the same figure, r ₁ , r ₂
...r ₁₀ are all equal and are chosen as r.

Figure 9 shows the set value (8.6V as an example)
An example of the ROM 1, that is, the memory 74, which converts the switch drive code into the switch driving code is shown. Referring to Figure 9,
An example of the relationship between the set setting value, switch drive code, and setting (voltage conversion - attenuation) will be described.

For example, the setting value setting switch 81 in FIG.
Assume that it is set to 8.6V. At this time
The EAROM, that is, the memory 72-i contains the ninth
As shown on the left side of the figure, it is expressed in binary coded decimal notation.
It is stored as 10000110 (=86). This value is input to the switch code converter 74-i.

The converter 74-i can be a kind of conversion table, in which case the input (in the present example, 10000110 in binary coded decimal notation, i.e. decimal
86) is used as addressing data.

In this example, the switch code converter 74-i sends a 19 code to each address corresponding to the input, corresponding to each switch _S1 to _S9 and _S10 to _S100 in FIG.
Stores bit output data.

In Figure 8, each of the above values is calculated as r ₁ to r ₁₀ when input I is assumed to be 10V at full scale.
So that the voltage is divided by , and 8.6V is obtained as output I・Z・
It controls the opening and closing of each switch.

That is, in Figure 8, r ₁ = r ₂ =...= r ₁₀
Since it is assumed that = r, the output voltage I・Z・ is (3), (4)
It is expressed by the formula.

I・Z・=I・8r/10r・R/R+I・6r/10r・R/
10R...(3) = 10V x 0.8 + 10V ・0.6 x 0.1 = 8.6V ...(4) In reality, as is clear from Figure 8, the sign is inverted as -I, Z, and so on for input I. be.

Therefore, the switches turned on by the above operation are among the switch group 75-i in FIG.
Only S ₃₀ and S ₄ will be available. (However, if you set it to 8.6V).

Next, the switch drive code inverse converter 77 inversely converts the output of the switch drive code converter 74 into a decimal and absolute value representation in the same format as when it was set, completely opposite to the switch drive code converter 74.

The inversely converted setting value is given to the lamp driver 79 via the data selector 78, and this value is displayed on the display lamp 80.

By comparing the value that the operator has set with the value displayed on the display lamp 80, the operator can reliably check the set value that has been set.

Next, a case will be explained in which setting changes are made online without locking the relay output.

In this case, in addition to adding latch circuits 73-1 to 73-n and latch control gates 82-1 to 82-n indicated by broken lines in FIG.
EAROM72-i data to data selector 7
A signal line a for transmission to 8 is provided. and,
By operating the setting change control switch 83, the output signal is set to 1 level (=0 level).

This locks the latch timing of latch circuit 73-i and prevents the output of memory 72-i (ie, the new set value) from being latched in latch circuit 73-i. In other words, the set value that has been latched until now is held as is.

In this way, the new set value is stored in the EAROM 72-i using the same method as described above.
This value is then sent to the data selector 78 via the signal line a, and further displayed on the set value display 80 via the driver 79 for checking.

After confirming that the correct new set value is stored in the EAROM 72-i through the above operations, the latch timing lock of the latch circuit 73-i is released by the signal of the latch signal control gate 82-i. do.

As a result, the new setting value stored in the EAROM 72-i is transferred to the switch drive code converter 74.
- added to i. Thereafter, the attenuator 76-i is set in the same manner as in the case described above, and the setting value of the analog relay is completed.

Next, the setting value setting method of the digital relay shown in FIG. 7 will also be described.

As with analog type relays, press the setting change control switch 83 to change the output signal A to 1.
Keep it at level.

After selecting the relay selection switch 70 and setting the set value on the set value setting switch 81, the data write switch 83 is pressed.

As a result, EAROM85 has EAROM7
Similarly to 2-i, the set value set by the set value setting switch 81 in decimal and absolute value expression is stored.

This value is latched in the display control (latch) circuit 86 by the latch timing from the address matching circuit 87, and is displayed on the set value display 80 via the data selector 78 and driver 79 as in the case of an analog type relay. displayed on the lamp.

The set value stored in the EAROM 85 and confirmed by the display 80 is sent to the address selector 8.
4, set the CPU address to the EAROM8
5, it is input to the memory in the microcomputer via the digital data bus 91 and used for relay calculations.

At this time, it goes without saying that if necessary, the decimal representation may be converted to binary representation using software. In addition, the setting values input into the computer as described above are as described in (1) above.
This is used as Z in equations (2) and (2).

Needless to say, when changing the setting values of other digital relay elements, it is possible to change the setting values of other digital relay elements by reselecting the relay selection switch 70 and executing the same process as above again. .

Next, a case will be described in which the settings of this digital relay are changed online. Buffer memory 89 and its write control gate 88
-1 is provided for this online setting change.

In this way, when the buffer memory 89 and its write control gate 88-1 are added,
First, add address selector 84 to EAROM85.
Give the timing address via,
The contents of EAROM 85 are transferred to buffer memory 89. At this time, the CPU inputs the setting value from the buffer memory 89 and executes the relay calculation.

Therefore, in the case of online setting change, the write signal to the buffer memory 89 is prohibited by the output signal (particularly signal A) of the write control gate. As a result, the buffer memory 89 freezes the previous values.

By doing this, the microcomputer can operate the buffer memory 8 while the new setting value is being stored in the EAROM 85, as will be described later.
9, it is possible to input the conventional setting value and continue the protection relay calculation.

The new setting change value is determined using the method described above.
Stored in EAROM85. This value is of course transmitted to the set value display 80 via the display control (latch) circuit 86, data selector 78, and driver 79.
It is clear that it can be checked because it is displayed on the screen. Furthermore, since the set values stored in the EAROM 85 are for digital relays, of course values corresponding to a plurality of digital relays are stored sequentially.

When all setting changes are completed, the prohibition of setting value data transmission by the control gate 88-1 is released, and the new setting value is transferred from the EAROM 85 to the buffer memory 89. As a result, the CPU
The protection relay calculation will now be executed using the new set value.

Above, we have described a setting value setting method that is common to both analog relays and digital relays that are made into custom ICs. However, as is clear, the present invention is also applicable to setting values only for analog type relays.

As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, it is possible to set decimal and absolute value expressions for analog type relays in the same way as for digital type relays, and in a relay system where both digital and analog types coexist. It is also possible to achieve the effect that settling can be performed using the same method.

Also, online setting changes are possible for both analog and digital relays.

Further, according to the present invention, since it is possible to proceed to the next step after reconfirming the set value using a display lamp or the like, it is expected that there will be no erroneous setting.

Further, by changing the contents (74 and 75) of the switch drive code conversion circuit, it can be used for all types of relay elements, so it has great flexibility.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a protective relay system according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an example block diagram of the digital relay section in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a phase comparison type analog relay, and FIG. Figure 4 is a vector characteristic diagram of a Mori relay, Figure 5 is a vector characteristic diagram of a reactance relay, Figure 6 is a block diagram of a rectifying type analog relay, Figure 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the common setting section of the present invention, and Figure 5 is a vector characteristic diagram of a reactance relay. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the attenuator and switch in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a switch drive code converter. 70... Relay selection switch, 71... Selection relay address encoder, 72-1 to 72-n...
...Setting value storage memory (EAROM), 73-1~
73-n...Latch circuit, 74-1 to 74-n...
...Switch drive code converter, 75-1 to 75-
n...Switch, 76-1 to 76-n...Voltage attenuator, 77...Switch drive code inverse converter, 7
8...Data selector, 79...Driver circuit, 80...Setting value display, 81...Setting value setting switch, 82-1 to 82-n...Latch signal control gate, 83...Setting change control switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A protection relay setting device that uses a common setting section to set a plurality of analog protection relay elements, including a relay selection switch that specifies a relay element to be set; , a setting value setting switch that inputs and stores the setting value of the designated relay element in the memory in absolute value expression; a switch drive code converter that converts the contents of the memory into an analog switch drive code; A voltage attenuation circuit whose attenuation rate can be varied by selectively opening and closing a switch is provided, and the switch of the voltage attenuation circuit is selectively controlled to open and close according to the output of the switch drive code converter.
A setting device for a protection relay, characterized in that the device is configured to set the setting value of the designated analog type relay element in absolute value expression. 2. In a protection relay setting device that uses a common setting unit to set a plurality of analog protection relay elements, a relay selection switch that specifies the relay element to be set, and an absolute value expression, A set value setting switch that inputs and stores the set value of the specified relay element in a memory, a switch drive code converter that converts the contents of the memory into an analog switch drive code, and a switch that selectively opens and closes a plurality of switches. A voltage attenuation circuit that can thus vary the attenuation rate, a circuit that inversely converts the output of the switch drive code converter into a set value expressed as an absolute value, and a display circuit that displays the output of the inverse conversion circuit, By selectively controlling the opening and closing of the switch of the voltage attenuation circuit according to the output of the switch drive code converter, the setting value setting of the specified analog type relay element is set in absolute value expression. A protection relay setting device comprising: 3. In a protection relay setting device that uses a common setting unit to set a plurality of analog protection relay elements, a relay selection switch that specifies the relay element to be set, and an absolute value expression, a setting value setting switch that inputs and stores a setting value of the specified relay element in a memory; a latch circuit that stores the contents of the memory;
A latch signal control gate controls the operation of the latch circuit, a switch drive code converter converts the memory contents of the latch circuit into an analog switch drive code, and the attenuation rate can be varied by selectively opening and closing a plurality of switches. and a voltage attenuation circuit, and by selectively controlling opening and closing of a switch of the voltage attenuation circuit according to the output of the switch drive code converter, the setting value of the specified analog type relay element is set. A setting device for a protection relay, characterized in that the setting device is configured to perform setting in absolute value expression. 4. In a protection relay setting device that uses a common setting unit to set a plurality of analog protection relay elements, a relay selection switch that specifies the relay element to be set, and an absolute value expression, a setting value setting switch that inputs and stores a setting value of the specified relay element in a memory; a latch circuit that stores the contents of the memory;
A latch signal control gate controls the operation of the latch circuit, a switch drive code converter converts the memory contents of the latch circuit into an analog switch drive code, and the attenuation rate can be varied by selectively opening and closing a plurality of switches. A voltage attenuation circuit, a circuit for inversely converting the contents of the memory into a set value expressed as an absolute value, and a display circuit for displaying the output of the inverse conversion circuit. The protective relay is configured to set the setting value of the specified analog type relay element in absolute value expression by selectively controlling the opening and closing according to the output of the code converter. Setting device.