JPH0212968Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a tripod-type free-motion articulator used in dental technology.

(Prior art) An articulator is a device in which upper and lower jaw models of the human body are attached to upper and lower frames to reproduce jaw movement close to that of a living body. This is an indispensable device for research.

The requirements for this type of articulator include being able to reproduce mandibular movement similar to that of a living body, being adaptable to all patient sizes, and being able to be manufactured at a reasonable cost so that it can be used frequently in general clinical practice. .

However, conventional articulators do not satisfy all of the above points, and are fully adjustable types that connect the upper and lower frames with link mechanisms, slide mechanisms, cam mechanisms, etc. to reproduce jaw movements similar to those of living organisms. In the past, the structure was complicated and expensive, and the operation was complicated. In addition, a simple free-motion articulator that reproduces jaw movement by guiding the remaining teeth without connecting the upper and lower frames has the advantage of being compact and easy to use. The occlusal surfaces were prone to wear, and there were problems in reproducing jaw movements similar to those of living organisms.

Therefore, as an articulator equipped with a means for preventing wear of the occlusal surfaces of the jaw model, there is an articulator described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 48-5591. This articulator includes a pair of upper and lower jaw frames and a spring member that connects the rear parts of the upper and lower jaw frames.In order to protect the occlusal surface of the remaining teeth, the occlusal surface is copied onto the guide section and the The upper and lower jaw movements are reproduced by the guidance of the guide section.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) In the articulator described in the above publication, the spring that connects the upper and lower jaw frames is pivotally connected at the midway point (approximately at the height of the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower models). Because of this, this pivot point is located at a position that is significantly different from that of the temporomandibular joint in a living body. Therefore, for example, when making occlusal adjustments such as occlusal surface reduction on the upper jaw with an articulator,
When moving the mandibular frame relative to the vertical direction,
It has the disadvantage that it is not possible to reproduce the rotational movement close to that of the living body, and that it is not possible to obtain an occlusal surface that closely matches the living body.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rotating position of the upper jaw relative to the lower jaw frame at a position closer to that of the living body.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tripod-type free-motion articulator that can reproduce jaw movement close to that of a living body.

(Means for solving the problem) The technical means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object are as follows.

Upper jaw frame 1 with upper jaw model 7 attached to the lower surface
and a lower jaw frame 4 to which the lower jaw model 10 is attached on the upper surface are disposed vertically opposite to each other, and a spring member 14 whose rear end portion of each frame 1, 4 is strong enough to support the upper jaw frame 1. Receivers 19 and 21 are provided on both left and right sides of the rear part of the lower jaw frame 4 and in the center of the front part in the left and right direction, respectively, and guides that come into contact with the resin filled in the respective saucers 19 and 21 are provided. The rods 26 and 27 are the respective saucers 19 and 2.
1, the lower end of the spring member 14 is fixed to the lower jaw frame 4, and the upper end thereof is movable up and down, forward and backward, left and right, and the model 7 is attached to the upper jaw frame 1. 10 is pivotally connected via a hinge 17 above the occlusal plane 12 so as to be vertically movable, and each of the saucers 21 on the rear side is a post 20 erected on the mandibular frame 4 so as to be located above the occlusal plane 12. installed at the top of the
Each of the front and rear saucers 19 and 21 is provided with a tapered projection 24 that abuts the guide rods 26 and 27 at the center occlusal position of the models 7 and 10, respectively.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a maxillary frame, and the frame 1 is stamped and formed from sheet metal.
It is formed into a T-shape having legs 2 and arms 3. Reference numeral 4 denotes a lower jaw frame, and the frame 4 is also formed into a T-shape having leg portions 5 and arm portions 6 that are substantially the same shape as the upper jaw frame 1.

These upper and lower jaw frames 1 and 4 have leg parts 2 and 5.
The arm parts 3 and 6 are arranged vertically facing each other in a horizontal position with the arm parts 3 and 6 projecting forward and the arm parts 3 and 6 projecting in the left-right direction.

A mounting seat 8 for attaching an maxillary model 7 is fixed to the lower surface of the substantially central portion of the leg portion 2 of the maxillary frame 1 with screws 9 or the like. A mounting seat 11 for mounting a lower jaw model 10 is also fixed to the upper surface of the leg portion 5 of the lower jaw frame 4, facing the mounting seat 8.

An occlusal plane 12 on which the upper and lower jaw models 7 and 10 attached to the mounting seats 8 and 11 engage with each other from the upper and lower directions is formed substantially parallel to the lower jaw frame 4. 13 indicates the incisor point.

The rear arm portion 3 of the upper jaw frame 1 and the rear arm portion 6 of the lower jaw frame 4 are connected by a pair of left and right spring members 14. This spring member 14 is formed into a dogleg shape from a single bullet, and its bent portion 15 is wound around in a helical shape.
5 is provided so as to protrude rearward. The lower end of the spring member 14 is fixed to the lower jaw frame 4 with screws 16 or the like. The upper end of the spring member 14 is connected to the upper jaw frame 1 via a hinge 17 that is vertically movable. This hinge axis 18 is parallel to the rear end edge of the arm portion 3. Therefore, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.
It can freely move up and down around 8. Hinge axis 1
The distance connecting the left-right center part of 8 and the incisor point 13 is approximately 86.5 mm, and the distance between this straight line and the occlusal plane 12 is approximately 86.5 mm.
The angle α between the two is approximately 22°, which is set to be close to that of a living body.

The spring member 14 has enough strength to support the upper jaw frame 1 when it is opened, and allows the upper jaw frame 1 to be moved relative to the lower jaw frame 4 up and down, front and back, left and right by hand force. He has the strength to obtain it.

A saucer 19 with an upward opening is provided on the upper surface of the front end of the leg portion 5 of the lower jaw frame 4, and struts 20 are erected on the upper surfaces of both left and right sides of the arm portion 6, and a saucer 21 is fixed to the top of the strut 20. has been done. This rear 2
Each saucer 21 is located above the occlusal plane 12,
They are kept at the same height. These saucers 19, 21, 21 are surrounded by a peripheral wall 22, and a notch 23 is provided in a part of the peripheral wall 22. There is a tapered projection 2 in the center of the saucer 19, 21, 21.
4 is provided. These saucers 19, 21, 2
1 is filled with instant hardening resin 25.

Corresponding to the projections 24 of the saucers 19, 21, 21, the upper jaw frame 1 is provided with guide rods 26, 27, 27 that come into contact with the projections 24.

In order to make the articulator as compact as possible, the front guide rod 26 is bent so that its middle portion projects forward, and is configured to be vertically adjustable by a set screw 28. In the middle of this front guide rod 26, there is an incisor point 13.
An incisor pointer needle 29 pointing toward is inserted movably and fixedly.

The two guide rods 27 at the rear are vertically adjustable and hang down.

By aligning these three guide rods 26, 27, 27 with the protrusion 24, the central occlusal position of the models 7, 10 is stabilized.

Next, the effects of the above embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

First, the upper and lower jaw models 7 and 10 are fitted in alignment with the incisor indicator needles 29. At this time, each guide rod 26, 2
7 and 27 must match the protrusion 24. In this state, the hinge axis 18 and the incisor point 1
The distance up to 3 and the angle α between it and the occlusal plane are set close to those of the living body.

Next, as shown in FIG.
Immediate resin 25 is applied to 1, and the upper and lower jaw frames 1 and 4 are moved relative to each other according to the guidance of the occlusal surface until the resin 25 hardens. This rubbing movement causes the instant resin 25 of the saucers 19, 21, 21 to
is smoothed by the tips of the guide rods 26, 27, 27, and the occlusal curve is transferred to the resin surface.

As the resin 25 hardens,
The resin 25 serves as a guide member and supports the frame in the vertical and horizontal directions, and when the upper and lower jaw frames 1 and 4 are subsequently moved relative to each other, no excessive force is applied to the occlusal surfaces of the models 7 and 10, and the Tsute model 7,10
damage to the jaw can be prevented and accurate jaw movements can be reproduced.

Since the spring member 14 has enough strength to allow the above-mentioned relative movement, it can be easily moved.

In addition, since the rear saucers 21, 21 are positioned above the occlusal plane 12, the length of the guide rod 27 of the maxillary frame 1 is shortened, so that when the maxillary frame 1 is opened to work on the maxillary model 7, Guide rod 27
does not get in the way, making work easier.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments; for example, the shape of the frame and the shape of the spring member may be arbitrary. Further, the maxillary frame 1 may be freely detachable using the hinge 17.

In addition, if the occlusal phase is not visible or difficult to see, if there are many missing teeth, or if more reproducibility of mandibular movement is desired, guide pins and instant-hardening resin trays are placed at three locations on the occlusal plane in the oral cavity. The mandibular movement is transferred to the instant hardening resin placed on this tray, the model is attached to this articulator, and the transferred locus of mandibular movement is further transferred to the three trays on the articulator. It can be used as an original trapot type articulator.

(Effect of the invention) According to the invention, the lower end of the spring member 14 that connects the rear ends of the upper and lower jaw frames 1 and 4 is fixed to the lower jaw frame 4, and the upper end is movable up and down, front and back, left and right. At the same time, since the models 7 and 10 are pivotally connected to the maxillary frame 1 via a hinge 17 above the occlusal plane 12 so as to be movable up and down, the hinge axis 18 of the hinge 17 can be moved to a position closer to the temporomandibular joint position of the living body. can be provided. That is, the relative positions of the tooth patterns of the models 7 and 10 attached to the upper and lower jaw frames 1 and 4 and the hinge shaft 18 can be brought close to the positions of the teeth and temporomandibular joints of the living body. Therefore, for example, when performing occlusal adjustment (adjustment of occlusion) such as occlusal surface grinding on an articulator, the maxillary frame 1 is moved up and down around the hinge axis 18 located close to the temporomandibular joint position. By rotating, the relative movement of the models 7 and 10 closer to the living body can be reproduced, and an occlusal surface that more closely matches the living body can be obtained.

In addition, each saucer 1 provided on the lower jaw frame 4
9 and 21 have tapered protrusions 24 that come into contact with the guide rods 26 and 27 at the central occlusal position of the models 7 and 10.
are formed respectively, so by abutting the guide rods 26 and 27 on each projection 24 using each projection 24 as a mark, the models 7 and 10 are brought into a central occlusal position where all the teeth are firmly interlocked by clenching the teeth. can be easily set up. Furthermore, when the models 7 and 10 are occlusally placed in the central occlusal position, each guide rod 26 and 27 abuts against the tapered protrusion 24, so that the saucer 1
Although there is little risk of abrasion of the hardened resin in the upper and lower jaw models 7 and 10, the guide rods 26 and 27 can move downward from the tip of the protrusion 24 when the upper and lower jaw models 7 and 10 are slid together. It can also be used for patients with wide-ranging abnormal occlusions with a large amount of mandibular movement, such as reverse occlusions such as occlusions and sockets.

In addition, since the rear saucers 21, 21 are positioned above the occlusal plane 12, the length of the guide rod 27 of the maxillary frame 1 is shortened, so that when the maxillary frame 1 is opened to work on the maxillary model 7, Guide rod 27
does not get in the way, making work easier.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the invention, with Figure 1 being a perspective view;
FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the saucer. 1... Upper jaw frame, 4... Lower jaw frame, 7
...Upper jaw model, 10...Mandibular model, 12...Occlusal plane, 14...Spring member, 19...Saucer,
20... Support column, 21... Saucer, 25... Immediate hardening resin, 26, 27... Guide rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of claim for utility model registration] Upper jaw frame 1 with upper jaw model 7 attached to the lower surface
and a lower jaw frame 4 to which the lower jaw model 10 is attached on the upper surface are arranged vertically opposite to each other, and the rear ends of each of the frames 1 and 4 have a spring member 14 strong enough to support the upper jaw frame 1. Receivers 19 and 21 are provided on both left and right sides of the rear part of the lower jaw frame 4 and in the center of the front part in the left and right direction, respectively, and guides that come into contact with the resin filled in the respective saucers 19 and 21 are provided. The rods 26 and 27 are the respective saucers 19 and 2.
1, the lower end of the spring member 14 is fixed to the lower jaw frame 4, and the upper end thereof is movable up and down, forward and backward, left and right, and the model 7 is attached to the upper jaw frame 1. 10 is pivotally connected via a hinge 17 above the occlusal plane 12 so as to be vertically movable, and each of the saucers 21 on the rear side is a post 20 erected on the mandibular frame 4 so as to be located above the occlusal plane 12. installed at the top of the
A tri-pot type free movement articulator characterized in that each of the front and rear saucers 19, 21 is formed with a tapered protrusion 24 which abuts the guide rods 26, 27 at the central occlusal position of the models 7, 10.