JPH0242965B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a granular material dispersing device installed in a vehicle for dispersing granular material such as anti-freeze agent and aggregate onto roads and the like.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as this type of powder scattering device, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-36709, for example, is known.

This detects the running speed of the vehicle, converts it into an electrical signal, controls the flow rate of the electromagnetic proportional valve, and adjusts the speed of the belt conveyor via a hydraulic motor. The opening area of the gate provided above the belt conveyor is set by opening and closing the solenoid valve according to the electric signal corresponding to the spreading width and spreading density, and the layer thickness of the powder on the belt conveyor is adjusted. The amount of spraying is kept at a predetermined value.

However, this kind of thing had the following drawbacks.

(1) Since the running speed of the vehicle and the speed of the belt conveyor are electrically proportional, a feedback circuit and a comparison circuit are absolutely necessary, which complicates the structure and makes it easy to cause failures.

(2) By moving the gate relative to the belt conveyor, the layer thickness of the powder on the belt conveyor is adjusted and the amount of spraying is set, but since the belt of the belt conveyor is flexible, the amount of spreading The setting accuracy is poor.

(3) Since a belt conveyor is provided below the outside of the hopper and the transportation route for powder and granular materials from the hopper to the chute is an open type, there is a high risk that the powder and granular materials will be scattered.

(4) When the powder is raw salt or calcium chloride, such as an anti-freeze agent, when the inside of the hopper is cleaned, the salt-containing water after cleaning may get on the chassis of the vehicle and cause corrosion. .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems and to solve them, and its purpose is to:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a granular material dispersing device which is designed to simplify the structure, prevent breakdowns, improve the accuracy of setting the amount of sprayed material, prevent scattering of granular material, and prevent corrosion.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The powder dispersion device of the present invention includes a vehicle equipped with a self-propelled device, a hopper provided on the vehicle with one side inclined downward, and a hopper connected to one side of the hopper. an upper chute provided to pass the powder through; a screw feeder removably disposed within the hopper and the upper chute to transfer the powder and granule to the upper chute; and a screw feeder detachably provided at the bottom of the upper chute to transfer the powder and granule. a metering rotor that can send out a predetermined amount of water downwardly, an arm that is installed on the upper chute and can be raised up and down from a use position to a non-use position, and an arm that is installed on the arm and communicates with the lower part of the metering rotor when it is in the use position. It is characterized in that it is composed of a lower chute that is arranged in the same direction as the lower chute, and a dispersion plate that is provided on the arm and can rotate below the lower chute to spread powder and granular material.

(Function) When the self-propelled device is started, the vehicle runs and the screw feeder, metering rotor, and spreader plate are driven in proportion to the traveling speed of the vehicle.

The powder in the hopper is transferred to the upper chute by the rotation of the screw feeder, and from there reaches the metering rotor.

Then, as the rotor of the metering rotor rotates in proportion to the traveling speed of the vehicle, a predetermined amount of the powder is discharged downward through the lower chute.

The powder and granules discharged from the lower chute fall onto the scattering plate and are then dispersed by the rotation of the plate.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a main part showing the structure of a powder scattering device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the structure of the metering rotor portion. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the structure of the screw feeder portion. FIG. 4 is a rear view showing the installed state of the metering rotor. FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the water sprinkler installed. FIG. 6 is a rear view showing a state in which another water sprinkler is attached.

The granular material spreading device 1 includes a vehicle 2, a hopper 3, an upper chute 4, a screw feeder 5, a metering rotor 6, an arm 7, a lower chute 8, and a spreading plate 9.
The main part is composed of.

The vehicle 2 is equipped with a self-propelled device 10, and uses a normal truck excluding a so-called loading platform, which is equipped with a chassis 11, front wheels (not shown), rear wheels 12, a driver's seat (not shown), etc. ing.

The self-propelled device 10 includes an engine (not shown), a transmission 13, a propeller shaft 14, a power extraction device 15, a rear axle 16, and the like.

The power extraction device 15 is provided on the propeller shaft 14, and includes an input shaft 17 connected to the propeller shaft 14, an output shaft 18, an appropriate number of gear groups 19 provided to connect these, and an intermediate gear group 19 interposed therebetween. input shaft 17
and an electromagnetic clutch 20 that connects and disconnects the power from the output shaft 18 to the output shaft 18.

The electromagnetic clutch 20 is controlled ON/OFF by a switch (not shown) on an operation panel provided at the driver's seat, and is configured to be in a disconnected state when the vehicle 2 is traveling in reverse.

The hopper 3 is tilted so that one side is lowered so that the vehicle 2
It has a closed triangular box shape, and powder and granular materials A such as antifreeze are stored inside, and the input port is on the upper side, on one side, that is, on the rear side (the right side in Figure 1). ) are each provided with an outlet, and the inlet is provided with the lid body 21.
It is closed so as to be openable and closable, and is provided on the chassis 11 with the rear side inclined downward.

The upper chute 4 is provided to communicate with one side of the hopper 3, and has an inlet communicating with the outlet of the hopper 3 on the front side, a side opening for removing the screw feeder on the rear side, and a side opening for maintenance on the upper side. An upper opening is provided, an outlet is provided on the lower side, and the side opening and upper opening are provided with a side lid 2.
2 and an upper lid 23 so as to be openable and closable.

The screw feeder 5 is removably disposed inside the hopper 3 and the upper chute 4 and can transfer the powder A to the upper chute 4 side.
and a screw 25, and a bearing 26 disposed in the lower front-rear direction inside the hopper 3 and removably attached to the front wall of the hopper 3 and the side cover 22 of the upper chute 4,
27, the front side of the rotating shaft 24 passes through a bearing 26, to which a double sprocket 28 is wedged, and a screw 25
In order to send the powder A smoothly, the pitch is made to gradually increase from the front to the rear.

A reduction gear 30 is connected to the front side of the output shaft 18 of the power extraction device 15 via a propeller shaft 29.
A sprocket 32 is provided on its output shaft via a torque limiter 31, and a chain 33 is stretched between the sprocket 32 and the sprocket 28.

A partition body 34 is provided above the screw feeder 5, and this partition body 34 is connected to the fixing plate 3 having an inverted V-shaped cross section.
5 and a movable plate 37 attached to both sides of the screw feeder 5 by fasteners 36 so as to be able to move forward and backward. By moving the moving plate 37 and adjusting the degree of opening with respect to the hopper 3, it is made to correspond to the type of powder or granular material A.

An agitator 38 is provided above the partition 34, and this is disposed in the hopper 3 and is connected to the output shaft 18 of the power take-off device 15 to agitate the powder A. The rotary shaft 39 consists of a blade 40 and is disposed above the hopper 3 in parallel with the screw feeder 5 and is rotatably supported, and the front part of the rotating shaft 39 passes through the hopper 3 and a sprocket 41 is wedged there. At the same time, the stirring blades 40 are rod-shaped blades that protrude at different angles at predetermined intervals from the rotating shaft 39.

Therefore, sprocket 41 and sprocket 28
A chain 42 is spanned between.

The metering rotor 6 is removably installed at the lower part of the upper chute 4 and can send the granular material A downward in a predetermined amount at a time. It consists of a casing 43 detachably attached to the lower part of the casing 43, a rotor 44 rotatably provided inside the casing 43, and a fluid pressure motor 45 for driving the rotor 44.

A constant displacement piston type hydraulic motor is used as the fluid pressure motor 45, and this and the rotor 44 are connected to the reducer 4.
6 and torque limiter couplings 47, and the same ones are arranged side by side symmetrically.

The fluid pressure motor 45 is controlled by a fluid pressure pump 48.

The fluid pressure pumps 48 are tandem variable displacement piston hydraulic pumps connected to the rear side of the output shaft 18 of the power take-off device 15. It is connected.

The discharge amount of each fluid pressure pump 48 can be varied by changing the angle of its swash plate, and the swash plate is operated by an electric cylinder 49, which is operated by a switch on an operation panel provided in the driver's seat (see Fig. (not shown), the electric cylinder 49 is controlled.

The arm 7 is provided on the upper chute 4 and can be lifted up and down from a use position to a non-use position, and includes a pair of left and right brackets protruding from the rear side of the side cover 22 of the upper chute 4 with a bearing 27 sandwiched therebetween. 50 is pivotally connected to the base by a horizontal shaft 51, and in the hanging position of use and the upright position of non-use, the pin 54 is inserted into pin holes 52 and 53 formed in the arm 7 and the bracket 50. It is designed so that it can be held in each position.

The lower chute 8 is provided on the arm 7 and is disposed so as to communicate with the lower part of the metering rotor 6 when in the use position. are respectively formed with an outlet, and the rear side is attached to the lower front side of the arm 7.

The scattering disk 9 is provided on the arm 7 and can rotate under the lower chute 8 to spread the powder A, and is made up of a disk 55 disposed directly below the outlet of the lower chute 8 and its support. It consists of a shaft 56, a bearing 57 that supports the shaft, and a hydraulic motor 58 that is provided at the bottom of the shaft and whose rotating shaft is connected to the support shaft 56, and the bearing 57 is attached to the rear side of the bottom of the arm 7. It is being

The hydraulic motor 58 is a constant displacement piston type hydraulic motor and is hydraulically connected to the hydraulic pump 5.
9.

The hydraulic pump 59 is a fixed-capacity gear type hydraulic pump and is rotationally driven by an electric motor (DC motor) 60, which is provided in the chassis 11.

In addition, in FIGS. 5 and 6, 61 indicates a water sprinkler that is detachably attached to the lower part of the upper chute 4 in place of the metering rotor 6, and this is connected to the outlet of the upper chute 4. It consists of a main body 62, a pot 63 provided on the main body 62, and a water spray nozzle 64 connected to the main body 62.

Next, the operation will be explained based on such a configuration.

When the engine of the self-propelled device 10 is started, its power is transmitted to the transmission 13 → propeller shaft 14 → rear axle 16 → rear wheels 12, and the vehicle 2 runs. Transmission 1
When 3 is in the forward position, it moves forward, and when it is in the reverse position, it moves backward.

When the electromagnetic clutch 20 is connected by operating the switch on the operation panel of the driver's seat, a portion of the power from the propeller shaft 14 is transferred to the power take-off device 15.
The signal is transmitted from the input shaft 17 to the gear 19 to the electromagnetic clutch 20 to the output shaft 18. The electromagnetic clutch 20 is in a disconnected state when the vehicle 2 is moving backward, and is in a connected state only when the vehicle 2 is moving forward, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of objects thereafter.

The power transmitted to the output shaft 18 is transmitted through the propeller shaft 29 → reduction gear 30 → torque limiter 31 → sprocket 32 → chain 33 → sprocket 2.
8 → Transmitted to the rotating shaft 24 and the screw feeder 5
is rotated.

When the screw feeder 5 rotates, the powder A in the hopper 3 is transferred toward the outlet and reaches the upper chute 4.

At the same time, the force is also transmitted from the sprocket 28 to the chain 42 to the rotating shaft 39 to rotate the agitator 38, which agitates the powder A in the hopper 3 to prevent it from sticking.

Furthermore, the fluid pressure pump 48 is driven by the power transmitted to the output shaft 18.

Then, the electric cylinder 49 is operated to control the swash plate angle of the fluid pressure pump 48 so that a predetermined discharge amount can be obtained.

When each fluid pressure pump 48 is driven, each fluid pressure motor 45 fluidly connected to it is activated, and the power is transmitted from reduction gear 46 to tri-limiter coupling 47 to rotor 44. .

When the A rotor 44 of the metering rotor 6 rotates, the powder A that has reached the upper chute 4 is
A predetermined amount is dropped down through the lower chute 8.

When the electric motor 60 is started, the hydraulic pump 59 is driven, and the hydraulic motor 58 hydraulically connected to it is operated, and the power is transferred from the spindle 56 to the disk 55.
is transmitted to the spreader plate 9 to rotate.

When the scattering plate 9 rotates, the powder A that has fallen onto it is dispersed over a predetermined range corresponding to its rotational speed.

In this way, on the operation panel in the driver's seat, you can set the spray width (e.g. 3, 5, 7 m) and the spray density (e.g.
20, 30, 40, 50, 70 g/m ² ) and the specific gravity of the powder A (for example, 0.7 t/m ² ). The swash plate angle and the rotation speed of the electric motor 60 are automatically determined.

After that, the traveling speed of vehicle 2 (5 to 40
Km/h), the rotation of the screw feeder 5 and the agitator 38 is directly proportional to the discharge amount of the fluid pressure pump 48, that is, the rotation of the metering rotor 6.

Therefore, a predetermined amount of powder A can be automatically spread in accordance with the traveling speed of the vehicle 2.

If the powder A remains in the hopper 3 after the spraying work is finished, it will solidify if left as is, so stop the vehicle 2 at a predetermined location and move the arm 7 up and down. Pin 54 in pin hole 53
By inserting the lower chute 8 and the dispersion plate 9 into the unused position shown by the chain line in FIG. 1, the screw feeder 5, agitator 38, and metering rotor 6 are rotated. In this case, the spreading plate 9 may be rotated, but it is better not to rotate it to avoid waste.

Then, the powder A in the hopper 3 is directly discharged from the outlet of the metering rotor 6 downward without being scattered.

The discharged granular material A is reused in the next operation.

When the powder A on the inner bottom of the hopper 3 solidifies, the sprocket 28, bearings 26, 27, side lid 2
By pulling out the screw feeder 5 backward after removing the hopper 2, the powder A solidified on the inner bottom of the hopper 3 can be easily removed.

At the inlet and outlet of the metering rotor 6,
The granular material A tends to become clogged, but in this case, this can be easily solved by opening the upper cover 23 and placing the arm 7, lower chute 8, and spreading plate 9 in non-use positions.

For example, during normal driving other than for spreading work, the arm 7, lower chute 8, and spreading plate 9 are placed in unused positions.

If placed in this manner, the angle of entry θ will be larger than the angle of entry α at the use position, so the spreader plate 9 will not be damaged by collision, for example, when climbing up a slope or a slope.

When cleaning the inside of the hopper 3, the arm 7, lower chute 8, and spreading plate 9 are placed in non-use positions.

In this way, water after cleaning is directly discharged from the outlet of the metering rotor 6 without splashing onto the chassis 11.

In this case, since the hopper 3 is tilted, water flows well and drains well, drying quickly, and the next spraying operation can be carried out immediately.

Since granular material A such as an antifreeze agent is sprayed almost only in winter, the operating rate is low.

For this reason, in other seasons, arm 7,
The lower chute 8 and the spreading plate 9 are placed in unused positions, and a water sprinkler 61 is attached to the upper chute 4 in place of the metering rotor 6 as shown in FIG. 5 or 6, and water is stored in the hopper 3. Then, perform watering work.

In this case, the screw feeder 5, the agitator 3
8. The spreading plate 9 may be rotated, but it does not need to be rotated.

It should be noted that the vehicle 2, hopper 3, upper chute 4, screw feeder 5, metering rotor 6, arm 7, lower chute 8, and spreader plate 9 are not limited to the previous embodiments, and can be changed in design as appropriate. Not even.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(1) It consists of a vehicle, a hopper, an upper chute, a screw feeder, a metering rotor, an arm, a lower chute, and a spreading plate, which simplifies the structure, prevents breakdowns, improves the accuracy of setting the spray amount, and improves the control of powder and granular material. It is possible to prevent scattering and corrosion.

(2) Since the hopper is installed in the vehicle with one side tilted downward, the powder and granular material in the hopper can be easily transferred to one side.

Of course, when cleaning or sprinkling water inside the hopper, the water flows well.

(3) Since the screw feeder is removably attached to the hopper and upper chute, even if there is solidified powder at the bottom of the hopper, it can be easily removed by removing the screw feeder. .

(4) Since the metering rotor is removably installed at the bottom of the upper chute, a water sprinkler can be installed in place of the metering rotor.

Therefore, when not dispersing powder or granules, water can be sprinkled, and the operating rate of the device is improved.

(5) An arm that can be lifted up and down from the use position to the non-use position is provided, as well as a lower chute and a scattering plate, so powder and granules remaining in the hopper can be directly discharged to a designated location without being scattered. can.

Therefore, the powder remaining in the hopper does not solidify, and there is no need to spray all the powder in the hopper, and the discharged powder can be reused, which is economical. .

(6) In addition to providing an arm that can be lifted up and down from the use position to the non-use position, this arm is also equipped with a lower chute and a spreader plate, so it can be placed in the non-use position when the vehicle is normally running, and for this reason, the angle of entry from the use position can be The entry angle is larger than that, so the spreader plate will not collide and be damaged when climbing slopes or slopes.

(7) In addition to providing an arm that can be lifted up and down from the use position to the non-use position, this arm is also equipped with a lower chute and a spreading plate, so that when the arm is placed in the non-use position, it is possible to easily remove powder and granules that are blocking the outlet of the metering rotor. It can be removed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a main part showing the structure of a powder scattering device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the structure of the metering rotor portion. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the structure of the screw feeder portion. FIG. 4 is a rear view showing the installed state of the metering rotor. FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the water sprinkler installed. FIG. 6 is a rear view showing a state in which another water sprinkler is attached. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Powder spreading device, 2...Vehicle, 3...Hopper, 4...Upper chute, 5...Screw feeder, 6...Metering rotor, 7...Arm, 8...Lower chute, 9... ...Scatter board.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A vehicle equipped with a self-propelled device, a hopper provided on the vehicle with one side inclined downward, an upper chute provided to communicate with one side of the hopper, and a vehicle removably disposed within the hopper and the upper chute. A screw feeder is provided in the upper chute and can transfer the powder and granular material to the upper chute side, a metering rotor is provided in the upper chute and is removably provided in the lower part of the upper chute and can send the powder and granular material downward in predetermined amounts. an arm that can be lifted up and down from a used position to a non-used position;
A lower chute provided on the arm and arranged to communicate with the lower part of the metering rotor when in the use position, and a dispersion plate provided on the arm and capable of rotating below the lower chute to spread powder and granular material. A powder scattering device characterized by the following configuration.