JPH02500521A - 治療剤投与用製剤 - Google Patents
治療剤投与用製剤Info
- Publication number
- JPH02500521A JPH02500521A JP63507102A JP50710288A JPH02500521A JP H02500521 A JPH02500521 A JP H02500521A JP 63507102 A JP63507102 A JP 63507102A JP 50710288 A JP50710288 A JP 50710288A JP H02500521 A JPH02500521 A JP H02500521A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
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- therapeutic agent
- silicone oil
- barrier material
- coated
- delivery system
- Prior art date
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- RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N actinomycin D Chemical compound C[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@@H]2CCCN2C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)C1=C(N)C(=O)C(C)=C2OC(C(C)=CC=C3C(=O)N[C@@H]4C(=O)N[C@@H](C(N5CCC[C@H]5C(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)O[C@@H]4C)=O)C(C)C)=C3N=C21 RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
- A61K9/0024—Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
- A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/5031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
治療剤投与系
■」υ
本発明は投与系からの治療剤の放出に関する。
患者への治療剤の投与には、治療剤含有生体内分解性ポリマーがしばしば用いら
れる。
一般に、ポリマーの溶解によって、またはマトリックスの孔及びチャンネルから
の治療剤の拡散によって放出が生ずる。
免吸Δ11
一般に本発明は1態様において生体内分解性ポリマーと治療剤とを含み、マトリ
ック支を生活するヒトまたは動物に非経口的に注入または移植した後の4S時閣
内に、被覆されない系からの治療剤放出量に比べて系からの治療剤放出量を減す
るバリヤー物質で被覆された治療剤投与系を特徴とする。
好ましい実施態様では、バリヤー物質は102〜104センチポアズ(ep)の
範囲内の粘度を有するシリコーン油である。
他の態様では、本発明は投与系をバリヤー物質で被覆し、被覆した投与系を処理
してバリヤー物質の全てではなく一部を除去する工程を含む、被覆治療剤投与系
の製造方法を特徴とする。
幾つかの好ましい実施態様では、バリヤー物質はシリコーン油であり、処理はバ
リヤー物質の一部を除去する溶媒によって投与系を洗浄することを含む。
生体内分解性ポリマーと治療剤とから成る投与系は、例えば溶液流延法、コアセ
ルベーション法または分散のような、種々な方法でgR造される。前者の方法を
用いる場合には、薬剤な小粒子として系に分散させる。この小粒子は細かいギザ
ギザのついた縁を有し不規則な形状であり:縁は系の表面に達するかまたは系の
表面に達するようなき裂を生ずることがある。このような系を患者に投与すると
、このような表面の接触によって必要量よりも多量の薬剤が系から放出されるこ
とになる。
コアセルベーションによって製造した投与系はポリマーによってくるんだ薬剤凝
集塊から成る。この大きな結晶は系の表面に達するギザギザ縁を有するかまたは
表面に達するようなき裂を生ずることがある。従って、これらの系には薬剤が初
期に破裂するという問題も存在する。
投与系の表面にバリヤー物質な塗布すると、投与後最初の1日または2日間の投
与系からの薬剤放出が限定され、従って多量の薬剤を放出する初期破2から生ず
る薬剤の有害な副作用が減じられる。さらに、初期薬剤放出量が限定されるので
、系中に多くの薬剤が残留し、マトリックスの長期間の有効使用期間と可能にす
る。
この投与系は使用が容易であり、製造費用が安く、さらにこの被覆のために、系
は粉末形である場合に相互に凝集しないという点で良好な取扱い性を有する。
本発明の他の特徴と利点は、好ましい実施態様と請求の範囲との下記の説明から
明らかになると思われる。
好ましい実施態様の説明
好ましい実施態様の構造、製造方法及び使用方法を次に説明する。
−L
投与系は治療剤を含む生体内分解性ポリマーを用いる。系はバリヤー物質で被覆
されており、このバリヤー物質は系なを椎動物(好ましくはヒトまたはイヌもし
くはウシ等の家畜のような哺乳動物)に導入した場合に、系からの薬剤の初期の
突発的放出を減する。
生体内分解性ポリマーは、生理学的環境内で徐々に溶解または分解して低分子量
になり、投与部位から運搬されるポリマーである。投与系への使用に適した生体
内分解性ポリマーの種類には、無水物ポリマー、一部架橋した蛋白質、乳剤ポリ
マー、ポリグリコール酸、ポリオルトエステル、多糖類、ボーラキソマ−(po
laxomer) 、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリエチレングリコール
、ラクチドとグリコリドとのコポリマー、及びカルボキシメチルセルロースがあ
る。ポリ(ラクチド/グリコリド)生体内分解性ポリマーの代表的な例の幾つか
は、キツチェル(1985)に述べられている。
本発明の投与系は動物またはヒト患者に非経口的に注入または移植されるのが好
ましい、系を注入する場合には、注射器の針先を通過しうるほと小直径でなけれ
ばならない。注入のために好ましい投与系は500ミクロン以下(さらに好まし
くは250ミクロン以下、最も好ましくは100ミクロンまたは200ミクロン
)の平均サイズを有する;−最には長くて細い直径1〜10+++mのロッド形
状系も使用可能である。
ここで用いる治療剤なる用語は、体の疾患または障害を治療または予防するため
に用いられる薬剤を意味する。代表的な薬剤には、ホルモン(及びホルモン分画
等)、例えばテストステロン、黄体形成ホルモン、放出ホルモン(LHRH);
利尿薬、例えばタロロチアジド、抗炎症薬;痛み止め、例えばモルヒネ;抗生物
質、例えばテトラサイクリン:抗精神病薬;抗癌剤、例えばメトトレキセート、
アクチノマイシンD、ビンブラスチン、及びシトシン・アラビノシト、ワクチン
:及び抗関節炎蘂、例えばイブプロフエンとフルオルビブロフェンがある。
バリヤー物質の役割の1つは投与系からの治療剤の初期突発′:!:減すること
て゛ある。この物質は薬剤の長期間持続放出に影響を与えてはならないため、注
入後短期間内に溶解するかまたは系の表面から徐々に消え去るような物質である
べきてあり;バリヤー物質は好ましくは注入f&5日間以内に、さらに好ましく
は注入後2日間以内に系から消散すべきである。この物質、は非毒性、非刺激性
、非感作性、及び疎水性であるべきである。この物質はグラス(GRAS)リス
トに載っているかまたはUSPで認可されている物質であることが好ましい。
適当なバリヤー物質の例には、パラフィン、みつろう、好ましくはシリコーン油
がある。
シリコーン油は交互のゲイ素原子と酸素原子からなり、ケイ素原子に付着した有
機基(R)を有する構造に基づくオルガノシロキサンポリマーである:
RR
一5iO−Si−OSi−
1’I
RR
典型的なシリコーン油はRが炭素数6以下の低級アルキル基、例えばメチル基で
あるようなシリコーン油を含む、シリコーン油はlap〜10’cpの範囲内の
粘度を含む。特に好ましいシリコーン油は102 c p〜104Cpの範囲内
の粘度を有し、最も@ましいシリコーン油は500cp〜2000cpの範囲内
の粘度を有する。シリコーン油の代表的な例には、ユニオンカーバイド(Uni
on Carbide)ジメチルポリシリコーン#L−45(粘度1000cp
)、ダウ コーニング(Dow Cornig)医学等級シリコーン油#3.5
Q、アルドリッチ(A Idrich)シリコーン油(カタログNo、17.
563 3)、及びアルドリッチ シリコーン油(カタログNo、14.615
3)がある。
投与系は70重量%までの薬剤を含む。系が70重量%より多い薬剤を含む揚台
には、系の物理的性質が不利に影響される。
1ま友と
被覆されない投与系は標準的な溶液流延法によって製造することができる。一般
には、ポリマーを有機溶媒に溶解し、治療剤を加える。次に、この溶液または想
濁液を適当な型に注入し、溶媒を蒸発させて、ポリマー/薬剤複合体を形成する
。この代りに、薬剤を溶媒なしにポリマーによって分散させることができる。
投与系はまた、ラブ力(Lapka)等が米国特許第4,622,244号(参
照によりここに含まれる)に述べているような、コアセルベーション方法によっ
ても製造することができる。
選択すべき、非被覆投与系(一般には粉末形状)をフラスコに装入し、ユニオン
カーバイドのジメチルポリシリコーンzL−45のようなシリコーン油で覆う。
被覆の厚さはシリコーン油を溶解できるヘキサンその他の有機溶媒ですすぎ洗い
することによって調節することができる。被覆が厚ければ厚いほど、系からの薬
剤の初期突発は限定される。粉末を窒素ガス流下で乾燥させ、次に真空下で24
時開乾燥させる。
この代りの被覆方法は、粉末にシリコーン油の薄い被覆を吹付け、次にバリヤー
物質を溶解した溶媒中にこの粉末と混入し、次に溶媒を留去することを含む。
投与系が平均粒度100〜200ミクロンの粒子から成る粉末である場合には、
被覆した後に、各粒子はシリコーン油0.05〜10重量%(好ましくはO,I
〜2重量%)を含むことになる。存在するシリコーン油量は最初に粉末の元素分
析を行って存在するケイ素量を決定することによって算出することができる;シ
リコーン油中のケイ素の割き(%)を知ることによって、シリコーン油量をめる
ことができる。
使用方法
選択した治療剤の標準用量を合み、バリヤー物質で被覆さfずた投与系は患者に
注入、移植またはその他の方法で非経口的に挿入される。バリヤー物質はポリマ
ーからの薬剤の初期突発を渇定し;短期間に系の表面から徐々に消失し、系から
望ましい用量を持続期間にわたって放出させる。
被覆投与系と非被覆投与系からの薬剤初期放出量は(1)等量(非被覆重量)の
系を異なる動物に注入または移植し;(2)48時開栓の動物血液中の薬剤レベ
ルを測定するか、または薬剤が誘導する生物学的効果を測定することによって、
比較することができる(例えば、LHRHを放出する投与系では、血清中のテス
トステロン・レベルを測定する;このレベルはLHRH放出量に直接相関する)
。初期放出が薬剤の望ましい用量に限定されることが最も好ましいが、高用量薬
剤の副作用を減するような本発明の利益が初期放出を10%程度(より好ましく
は20%)減するとしても達成されることが理解される。
国際調査報告
Claims (12)
- 1.生体内分解性ポリマーと治療剤とから成る治療剤投与系であって、系を生活 するヒトまたは動物に非経口的に注入または移植した後48時間内の被覆されな い系からの前記治療剤放出量に比べて、系からの前記治療剤放出量を減ずるバリ ヤー物質で被覆されている治療剤投与系。
- 2.前記バリヤー物質がシリコーン油である請求項1記載の治療剤投与系。
- 3.前記シリコーン油が102〜104センチポアズの範囲内の粘度を有する請 求項2記載の治療剤投与系。
- 4.前記シリコーン油が500〜2000センチポアズの範囲内の粘度を有する 請求項3記載の治療剤投与系。
- 5.生体内分解性ポリマーと治療剤とから成る治療剤投与系を形成する工程; 前記投与系をバリヤー物質で被覆する工程;及び被覆投与系を脊椎動物に注入ま たは移植する工程から成り、前記バリヤー物質が系からの前記薬剤の初期放出量 を、系が前記バリヤー物質で被覆されない場合に生ずる初期放出量に比べて限定 する、脊椎動物への治療剤投与方法。
- 6.前記バリヤー物質がシリコーン油である請求項5記載の方法。
- 7.前記シリコーン油が102〜104センチポアズの範囲内の粘度を有する請 求項6記載の方法。
- 8.前記シリコーン油が500〜2000センチポアズの範囲内の粘度を有する 請求項7記載の方法。
- 9.前記脊椎動物がヒトである請求項6記載の方法。
- 10.次の工程: 生体内分解性ポリマーと治療剤とから成る治療剤投与系を、生活するヒトまたは 動物に系を非経口的注入または移植した後48時面内に非被覆投与系から前記治 療剤放出量に比べて、系からの前記治療剤放出量を減ずるバリヤー物質で被覆す る工程;及び前記投与系を処理して前記バリヤー物質の全てではなく一部を除去 する工程 から成る被覆治療剤投与系の製造方法。
- 11.前記バリヤー物質がシリコーン油である請求項10記載の方法。
- 12.前記処理が前記投与系を溶媒で洗浄することから成る請求項10記載の方 法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US78,534 | 1987-07-28 | ||
| US07/078,534 US4894231A (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1987-07-28 | Therapeutic agent delivery system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02500521A true JPH02500521A (ja) | 1990-02-22 |
| JP2714415B2 JP2714415B2 (ja) | 1998-02-16 |
Family
ID=22144643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63507102A Expired - Lifetime JP2714415B2 (ja) | 1987-07-28 | 1988-07-27 | 治療剤投与用製剤 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4894231A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0301856B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2714415B2 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE122879T1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1332356C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE3853853T2 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2074050T3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1989000839A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3853853T2 (de) | 1995-12-07 |
| US4894231A (en) | 1990-01-16 |
| EP0301856A2 (en) | 1989-02-01 |
| DE3853853D1 (de) | 1995-06-29 |
| ATE122879T1 (de) | 1995-06-15 |
| WO1989000839A1 (en) | 1989-02-09 |
| JP2714415B2 (ja) | 1998-02-16 |
| ES2074050T3 (es) | 1995-09-01 |
| CA1332356C (en) | 1994-10-11 |
| EP0301856A3 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
| EP0301856B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
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