JPH0320563B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0320563B2 JPH0320563B2 JP2969089A JP2969089A JPH0320563B2 JP H0320563 B2 JPH0320563 B2 JP H0320563B2 JP 2969089 A JP2969089 A JP 2969089A JP 2969089 A JP2969089 A JP 2969089A JP H0320563 B2 JPH0320563 B2 JP H0320563B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- intake
- valves
- valve
- intake valve
- sides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
Landscapes
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
この発明は１気筒当り３つの吸気バルブと２つ
の排気バルブを有する４サイクルエンジンに関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a four-stroke engine having three intake valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder.
［従来の技術］
４サイクルエンジンにおいてその高速運転域の
出力性能を向上させるため、１気筒当り３つの吸
気バルブを有し、該吸気バルブのうちその両側の
吸気バルブを中間の吸気バルブよりもシリンダの
軸線に対する傾きを大きくして燃焼室に臨ませる
ようにしたエンジンは、例えば英国特許第296125
号明細書に示すように公知である。[Prior Art] In order to improve output performance in a high-speed operating range in a 4-cycle engine, each cylinder has three intake valves, and the intake valves on both sides of the intake valves are placed closer to each other than the middle intake valve. For example, an engine that faces the combustion chamber by increasing the inclination with respect to the axis of the engine is disclosed in British Patent No. 296125.
It is publicly known as shown in the specification of No.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
ところで、燃焼室の中央に点火プラグを配した
エンジンにおいてこのように多くの吸気バルブを
単に設けると、点火プラグと吸気バルブあるいは
点火プラグとバルブスプリングとが干渉するた
め、吸気バルブを点火プラグから離さなければな
らない。即ち吸気バルブをエンジン側方に張り出
して設ける必要が生じ、エンジンの大型化を招く
おそれがある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, if such a large number of intake valves are simply provided in an engine in which the spark plug is arranged in the center of the combustion chamber, interference will occur between the spark plug and the intake valve or between the spark plug and the valve spring. Therefore, the intake valve must be separated from the spark plug. That is, it becomes necessary to provide the intake valve so as to protrude to the side of the engine, which may lead to an increase in the size of the engine.
この発明は、従来技術の有するこのような問題
点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とする
ところは、吸気バルブを３つ設けたエンジンにお
いて、吸気バルブをエンジンから張り出さないよ
うにしてエンジン自身をコンパクトにした４サイ
クルエンジンを提供しようとするものである。 This invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to prevent the intake valves from protruding from the engine in an engine equipped with three intake valves. The aim is to provide a four-stroke engine with a compact engine itself.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記目的を達成するために、この発明における
４サイクルエンジンは、
カム軸により駆動される３つの吸気バルブと２
つの排気バルブ及び燃焼室の略中央に臨む点火プ
ラグを各気筒毎に備え、これら吸排気バルブをシ
リンダ輪を含みカム軸に平行な平面の一側と他側
に振り分け、かつ前記吸気バルブのうち中間の吸
気バルブを前記平面に対して点火プラグ外側に、
両側の吸気バルブを点火プラグのカム軸方向両側
に位置させた４サイクルエンジンにおいて、中間
の吸気バルブのシリンダ軸線に対する傾きを両側
の吸気バルブのそれよりも小さくし、またカム軸
方向に見て中間の吸気バルブと両側の吸気バルブ
の軸線の延長線が吸気バルブの上方で交差するよ
うに吸気バルブをエンジン一側に傾斜させ、また
排気バルブをエンジン他側に傾斜させ、両側の吸
気バルブをカム軸方向に見て点火プラグの軸線と
交錯させると共に、吸気バルブの上端と前記平面
との距離を排気バルブの上端のそれよりも小さく
するようにしたことを特徴とする、
ものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the four-stroke engine of the present invention has three intake valves driven by a camshaft and two intake valves driven by a camshaft.
Each cylinder is provided with two exhaust valves and a spark plug facing approximately the center of the combustion chamber, and these intake and exhaust valves are divided into one side and the other side of a plane parallel to the camshaft including the cylinder ring, and one of the intake valves is divided into two sides. the intermediate intake valve to the outside of the spark plug with respect to the plane;
In a 4-cycle engine in which both intake valves are located on both sides of the spark plug in the camshaft direction, the inclination of the middle intake valve with respect to the cylinder axis is smaller than that of both intake valves, and The intake valve is tilted toward one side of the engine so that the extension lines of the axes of the intake valve and the intake valves on both sides intersect above the intake valve, and the exhaust valve is tilted toward the other side of the engine, and the intake valves on both sides are connected to the cam. The spark plug intersects the axis of the spark plug when viewed in the axial direction, and the distance between the upper end of the intake valve and the plane is smaller than that of the upper end of the exhaust valve.
［作用］
中間の吸気バルブのシリンダ軸線に対する傾き
を両側の吸気バルブのそれよりも小さくし、また
カム軸方向に見て中間の吸気バルブと両側の吸気
バルブの軸線の延長線が吸気バルブの上方で交差
するように吸気バルブをエンジン一側に傾斜させ
たので、各吸気バルブをシリンダ軸に平行に近く
なるように立ててきても、これらが相互に或は点
火プラグと干渉し合うことがない。また、両側の
吸気バルブをカム軸方向に見て点火プラグの軸線
と交錯させたので、点火プラグ両側のスペースを
有効に利用できて吸気バルブを全体として排気バ
ルブ側に寄せることができる。更に、吸気バルブ
の上端と、シリンダ軸を含みカム軸に平行な平面
との距離を排気バルブの上端のそれよりも小さく
するようにしたので、吸気バルブのエンジン側方
への張り出しを小さく抑えることができる。[Operation] The inclination of the middle intake valve with respect to the cylinder axis is made smaller than that of the intake valves on both sides, and the extension line of the axes of the middle intake valve and the intake valves on both sides is above the intake valve when viewed in the camshaft direction. Since the intake valves are tilted toward one side of the engine so that they cross each other, even if the intake valves are erected nearly parallel to the cylinder axis, they will not interfere with each other or with the spark plugs. . In addition, since the intake valves on both sides intersect with the axis of the spark plug when viewed in the camshaft direction, the space on both sides of the spark plug can be used effectively, and the intake valve as a whole can be moved closer to the exhaust valve side. Furthermore, the distance between the upper end of the intake valve and the plane that includes the cylinder axis and is parallel to the camshaft is made smaller than that of the upper end of the exhaust valve, so the protrusion of the intake valve toward the side of the engine can be kept to a minimum. Can be done.
［実施例］
この発明の実施例は以下図面を参照して説明す
る。[Embodiments] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図面は４サイクルエンジンの１気筒を示してお
り、図中ａはシリンダ、ｂはシリンダヘツド、１
は吸気通路、２は排気通路である。 The drawing shows one cylinder of a four-stroke engine, where a is the cylinder, b is the cylinder head, and 1
2 is an intake passage, and 2 is an exhaust passage.
３は前記シリンダヘツドｂ下面に形成された燃
焼室であり、吸気通路１及び排気通路２が開口し
ている。 Reference numeral 3 denotes a combustion chamber formed on the lower surface of the cylinder head b, into which an intake passage 1 and an exhaust passage 2 are opened.
４は点火プラグ取付用のネジ孔であり、前記燃
焼室３上面の中心部かつ、シリンダａの軸線１1
上に開口している。 4 is a screw hole for installing a spark plug, which is located at the center of the upper surface of the combustion chamber 3 and at the axis 1 1 of the cylinder a.
It is open at the top.
５は前記吸気通路１を開閉する吸気バルブ、６
は排気通路２を開閉する排気バルブである。 5 is an intake valve that opens and closes the intake passage 1; 6;
is an exhaust valve that opens and closes the exhaust passage 2.
これら吸気バルブ５及び排気バルブ６は夫々そ
の下端の傘部が燃焼室３に臨んで吸気通路１及び
排気通路２の開口端に対応し、中間部がガイド５
ａ及び６ａを介してシリンダヘツドｂの壁面に摺
動自在に支持されている。 These intake valves 5 and exhaust valves 6 have umbrella portions at their lower ends facing the combustion chamber 3 and correspond to the opening ends of the intake passage 1 and exhaust passage 2, respectively, and the middle portion thereof is a guide 5.
It is slidably supported on the wall surface of cylinder head b via a and 6a.
７，８は前記バルブ５，６の上端に連設された
リフターであり、このリフター７，８を介して両
バルブ５，６がその直上に対応するカム軸９，１
０に連繋し、該軸９，１０によつて駆動されるよ
うになつている。 Reference numerals 7 and 8 indicate lifters connected to the upper ends of the valves 5 and 6, and the valves 5 and 6 are connected to the corresponding camshafts 9 and 1 directly above the lifters 7 and 8, respectively.
0 and is driven by the shafts 9 and 10.
カム軸９，１０の配置構造は、吸気カム軸９と
シリンダａの軸線１1との間隔が、排気カム軸１
０と軸線１1との間隔よりも短く、即ち、シリン
ダａの軸線１1に対して近いものとされている。 The arrangement structure of the camshafts 9 and 10 is such that the distance between the intake camshaft 9 and the axis 11 of cylinder a is the same as that of the exhaust camshaft 1.
0 and the axis 1 1 , that is, closer to the axis 1 1 of the cylinder a.
１１，１２は吸気バルブ５及び排気バルブ６を
閉弁方向に付勢するスプリングである。 11 and 12 are springs that bias the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6 in the valve-closing direction.
一方、前記カム軸９，１０はシリンダヘツドｂ
の上方においてカムキヤリア１３及びカムキヤツ
プ１４，１５を介して回動自在に保持されてい
る。 On the other hand, the camshafts 9 and 10 are connected to the cylinder head b.
It is rotatably held above the cam carrier 13 and cam caps 14 and 15.
１６は前記カム軸９，１０及びカムキヤツプ１
４，１５を覆うカバーであり、カムキヤリア１３
の上端に連設されている。 16 is the camshaft 9, 10 and the cam cap 1;
It is a cover that covers 4 and 15, and the cam carrier 13
It is connected to the top of the .
そして、この４サイクルエンジンはその出力性
能を向上させるため１気筒当りの吸気バルブ５が
３つと排気バルブ６が２つ設けられ、これら吸排
気バルブ５，６はシリンダａ軸を含みカム軸９，
１０に平行な平面Ｆの一側と他側に振り分けられ
ている。 In order to improve its output performance, this four-stroke engine is provided with three intake valves 5 and two exhaust valves 6 per cylinder.
10 is distributed on one side and the other side of a plane F parallel to the plane F.
前記３つの吸気バルブ５の配置構造は、両側の
吸気バルブ５をカム軸９，１０方向において点火
プラグの両側方に配する一方、中間の吸気バルブ
５を点火プラグの外方に配している。 The arrangement structure of the three intake valves 5 is such that the intake valves 5 on both sides are arranged on both sides of the spark plug in the direction of the camshafts 9 and 10, while the middle intake valve 5 is arranged outside the spark plug. .
この際、吸気バルブ５の傘部の直径ｄが排気バ
ルブ６の傘部の径Ｄよりも小さく形成されている
ので、両側の吸気バルブ５を点火プラグのカム軸
方向両側方に設けるのが容易となる。 At this time, since the diameter d of the cap portion of the intake valve 5 is smaller than the diameter D of the cap portion of the exhaust valve 6, it is easy to install the intake valves 5 on both sides of the spark plug on both sides in the camshaft direction. becomes.
また、中間のものが両側のものよりシリンダａ
の軸線１1に対する傾きを小さくして燃焼室３に
臨まされている。 Also, the middle one is more cylinder a than the one on both sides.
The combustion chamber 3 is faced to the combustion chamber 3 with a small inclination with respect to the axis 11 .
即ち中間の吸気バルブ５の傾斜角度をα1、両側
の吸気バルブ５の傾斜角度をα2とすればα2＞α1と
なる。 That is, if the inclination angle of the middle intake valve 5 is α 1 and the inclination angle of the intake valves 5 on both sides is α 2 , then α 2 >α 1 .
更に、前記吸気バルブ５は、カム軸９方向に見
て中間の吸気バルブと両側の吸気バルブの夫々の
軸線１2の延長線が吸気バルブの上方例えばカム
軸９の軸芯０1で交差するように吸気バルブ５を
エンジン一側に傾斜させてある。 Further, in the intake valve 5, extension lines of the axes 12 of the intermediate intake valve and the intake valves on both sides intersect above the intake valve, for example, at the axis 01 of the camshaft 9 when viewed in the direction of the camshaft 9. The intake valve 5 is inclined toward one side of the engine.
また、第１，２図に示すように両側の吸気バル
ブ５がカム軸９，１０方向において、点火プラグ
の両側方にかつ該点火プラグの軸線と交錯されて
配されるので、点火プラグ両側のスペースを有効
に利用できる。更に、中間の吸気バルブ５を前記
平面Ｆに対して点火プラグ外側に、両側の吸気バ
ルブ５を点火プラグのカム軸９，１０方向両側に
位置させていると共に、前述のように中間の吸気
バルブ５のシリンダａの軸線１1に対する傾きを
両側の吸気バルブ５のそれよりも小さくし、また
カム軸９，１０方向に見て中間の吸気バルブ５を
両側の吸気バルブ５の軸線１2の延長線が吸気バ
ルブ５の上方で交差するように吸気バルブ５をエ
ンジン一側に傾斜させているので、各吸気バルブ
５をシリンダ軸線１1に平行に近く立ててきても
各バルブ５同士あるいは吸気バルブ５と点火プラ
グとが干渉し合うことがない。 In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the intake valves 5 on both sides are disposed on both sides of the spark plug in the direction of the camshafts 9 and 10 and intersect with the axis of the spark plug. Space can be used effectively. Further, the intermediate intake valve 5 is located on the outside of the spark plug with respect to the plane F, and the intake valves 5 on both sides are located on both sides of the spark plug in the direction of the camshafts 9 and 10, and as described above, the intermediate intake valve 5 is located on the outside of the spark plug with respect to the plane F. The inclination of the cylinder a of cylinder 5 with respect to the axis 1 1 is made smaller than that of the intake valves 5 on both sides, and the middle intake valve 5 is made an extension of the axis 1 2 of the intake valves 5 on both sides. Since the intake valves 5 are inclined toward one side of the engine so that the lines intersect above the intake valves 5, even if each intake valve 5 is erected close to parallel to the cylinder axis 11 , each valve 5 or the intake valve 5 and the spark plug do not interfere with each other.
またこれらにより、吸気バルブ５の上端５ｂと
シリンダ軸を含みカム軸９に平行な平面Ｆとの間
隔L1を排気バルブ６の上端６ｂと前記平面Ｆと
の間隔L2よりも短く、即ち、吸気バルブ５を燃
焼室３の中心に対して近くすることを可能にして
いる。 Furthermore, due to these, the distance L1 between the upper end 5b of the intake valve 5 and the plane F that includes the cylinder axis and is parallel to the camshaft 9 is shorter than the distance L2 between the upper end 6b of the exhaust valve 6 and the plane F, that is, This allows the intake valve 5 to be located close to the center of the combustion chamber 3.
従つて、吸気バルブ５のエンジン側方への張り
出しを抑えることができ、エンジンのコンパクト
化を図ることができる。 Therefore, the protrusion of the intake valve 5 to the side of the engine can be suppressed, and the engine can be made more compact.
また、各吸気バルブ５は夫々その軸線１2がカ
ム軸９の軸芯０1を通つており、該軸９に連繋さ
せる手段としてリフター７以外のものを新たに必
要としない。 Further, each intake valve 5 has its axis 1 2 passing through the axis 0 1 of the camshaft 9, and does not require anything other than the lifter 7 as a means for connecting it to the shaft 9.
一方、排気バルブ６は２つ設けられ、燃焼室３
内において前記平面Ｆと平行な線１4上に配置さ
れている。 On the other hand, two exhaust valves 6 are provided, and the combustion chamber 3
It is arranged on a line 14 parallel to the plane F within the plane.
また、排気バルブ６はその軸線１5が夫々カム
軸１０の軸芯０2を通り、シリンダａの軸線１1に
対する傾斜角度α3が等しく設定されている。 Further, the axes 1 5 of the exhaust valves 6 each pass through the axis 0 2 of the camshaft 10, and the inclination angle α 3 of the cylinder a with respect to the axis 1 1 is set to be equal.
そして、該排気バルブ６は２つであるからそれ
らを燃焼室３内で直列的に配置しても干渉し合う
ことがないと共に、カム軸１０に連繋させる手段
としてリフター８以外のものを新たに必要としな
い。 Since there are two exhaust valves 6, they will not interfere with each other even if they are arranged in series in the combustion chamber 3, and as a means for connecting them to the camshaft 10, a new device other than the lifter 8 is used. do not need.
［発明の効果］
この発明では、中間の吸気バルブのシリンダ軸
線に対する傾きを両側の吸気バルブのそれよりも
小さくし、またカム軸方向に見て中間の吸気バル
ブと両側の吸気バルブの軸線の延長線が吸気バル
ブの上方で交差するように吸気バルブをエンジン
一側に傾斜させ、また排気バルブをエンジン他側
に傾斜させ、両側の吸気バルブをカム軸方向に見
て点火プラグの軸線と交錯させると共に、吸気バ
ルブの上端と、シリンダ軸を含みカム軸に平行な
平面との距離を排気バルブの上端のそれよりも小
さくするようにしたので、各吸気バルブをシリン
ダ軸に平行に近くなるように立ててきても、これ
らが相互に或は点火プラグと干渉し合うことがな
く、また従来、バルブを配置するスペースに使わ
れていなかつた点火プラグ両側のスペースを有効
に利用して吸気バルブを全体として排気バルブ側
に寄せることができ、従つて吸気バルブ、特に中
間の吸気バルブのエンジン側方への張り出しを小
さく抑えてエンジンのコンパクト化が図れる。[Effects of the Invention] In this invention, the inclination of the middle intake valve with respect to the cylinder axis is made smaller than that of the intake valves on both sides, and the axes of the middle intake valve and the intake valves on both sides are extended when viewed in the camshaft direction. Tilt the intake valve toward one side of the engine so that the lines intersect above the intake valve, and tilt the exhaust valve toward the other side of the engine so that both intake valves intersect with the axis of the spark plug when looking toward the camshaft. At the same time, the distance between the upper end of the intake valve and the plane that includes the cylinder axis and is parallel to the camshaft is made smaller than that of the upper end of the exhaust valve, so that each intake valve is close to parallel to the cylinder axis. Even when the valves are erected, they do not interfere with each other or with the spark plugs, and the space on both sides of the spark plugs, which was not traditionally used for arranging the valves, can be used effectively, allowing the intake valves to be installed as a whole. Therefore, the protrusion of the intake valve, especially the intermediate intake valve, toward the side of the engine can be suppressed to a small extent, and the engine can be made more compact.
第１図はこの発明に係るエンジンの実施例の縦
断面図、第２図は第１図の−線断面図、第３
図は第１図の−線断面図、第４図は第２図の
−線断面図を示す。
ａ……シリンダ、Ｆ……カム軸に平行な平面、
３……燃焼室、４……点火プラグ取付用のネジ
孔、５……吸気バルブ、５ｂ……吸気バルブの上
端、６……排気バルブ、６ｂ……排気バルブの上
端、９，１０……カム軸、１1……シリンダの軸
線、１2……吸気バルブの軸線、α1……中間の吸
気バルブの傾斜角度、α2……両側の吸気バルブの
傾斜角度、α3……排気バルブの傾斜角度。
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG.
The figure shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. a...Cylinder, F...Plane parallel to the camshaft,
3... Combustion chamber, 4... Screw hole for installing spark plug, 5... Intake valve, 5b... Upper end of intake valve, 6... Exhaust valve, 6b... Upper end of exhaust valve, 9, 10... Camshaft, 1 1 ...Axis of cylinder, 1 2 ...Axis of intake valve, α 1 ...Inclination angle of middle intake valve, α 2 ...Inclination angle of intake valves on both sides, α 3 ...Exhaust valve inclination angle.
Claims (1)
２つの排気バルブ及び燃焼室の略中央に臨む点火
プラグを各気筒毎に備え、これら吸排気バルブを
シリンダ軸を含みカム軸に平行な平面の一側と他
側に振り分け、かつ前記吸気バルブのうち中間の
吸気バルブを前記平面に対して点火プラグ外側
に、両側の吸気バルブを点火プラグのカム軸方向
両側に位置させた４サイクルエンジンにおいて、
中間の吸気バルブのシリンダ軸線に対する傾きを
両側の吸気バルブのそれよりも小さくし、またカ
ム軸方向に見て中間の吸気バルブと両側の吸気バ
ルブの軸線の延長線が吸気バルブの上方で交差す
るように吸気バルブをエンジン一側に傾斜させ、
また排気バルブをエンジン他側に傾斜させ、両側
の吸気バルブをカム軸方向に見て点火プラグの軸
線と交錯させると共に、吸気バルブの上端と前記
平面との距離を排気バルブの上端のそれよりも小
さくするようにしたことを特徴とする４サイクル
エンジン。1. Each cylinder is equipped with three intake valves and two exhaust valves driven by a camshaft, and a spark plug facing approximately the center of the combustion chamber, and these intake and exhaust valves are connected to a plane parallel to the camshaft including the cylinder axis. In a four-stroke engine, the middle intake valve of the intake valves is located on the outside of the spark plug with respect to the plane, and the intake valves on both sides are located on both sides of the spark plug in the camshaft direction,
The inclination of the middle intake valve with respect to the cylinder axis is smaller than that of the intake valves on both sides, and the extended lines of the axes of the middle intake valve and the intake valves on both sides intersect above the intake valves when viewed in the camshaft direction. Tilt the intake valve toward one side of the engine,
In addition, the exhaust valve is tilted toward the other side of the engine so that the intake valves on both sides intersect with the axis of the spark plug when viewed in the direction of the camshaft, and the distance between the upper end of the intake valve and the plane is set to be greater than that of the upper end of the exhaust valve. A 4-cycle engine characterized by its small size.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2969089A JPH01257705A (en) | 1989-02-10 | 1989-02-10 | Four-cycle engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2969089A JPH01257705A (en) | 1989-02-10 | 1989-02-10 | Four-cycle engine |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6184381A Division JPS57176311A (en) | 1981-04-22 | 1981-04-22 | Four-cycle engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01257705A JPH01257705A (en) | 1989-10-13 |
| JPH0320563B2 true JPH0320563B2 (en) | 1991-03-19 |
Family
ID=12283103
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2969089A Granted JPH01257705A (en) | 1989-02-10 | 1989-02-10 | Four-cycle engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01257705A (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-02-10 JP JP2969089A patent/JPH01257705A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01257705A (en) | 1989-10-13 |
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