JPH03224932A - Opening/closing roof stadium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the width of a releasing section to be freely regulated by forming the external side edge section into circular shape, and by covering the field section and the upper stand section while partially overlapping upper and lower domes having hyperbolic releasing sections. CONSTITUTION:An upper dome 10 and a lower dome 20 are respectively constructed to have dome-shaped cross-sectional areas and hyperbolic releasing sections. The upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are rendered to be driven independently clockwise or counter-clockwise in the circumferential direction. After that, the releasing sections are freely arranged from a state that the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are put together to be cross-shaped, to a state that they are relatively rotationally moved by 90 degrees. As a result, according to the directions of sunshine and wind, the widths of the releasing sections and the releasing directions can be freely regulated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a retractable roof stadium. For more details,
A facility used for baseball and other sports and various large-scale events, with a retractable roof structure that closes during rainy weather and opens during sunny weather. Regarding buildings.

[Prior Technology] It has been a long-standing dream to build a stadium for baseball and other outdoor sports that can be held even on rainy days, but the first idea was to create a stadium with a fixed roof made of steel like the Astrodome. The first generation was the first generation, and the second generation was an air membrane structure like the Metrodome in Minneapolis, USA, and the Tokyo Dome completed in 1988.

The current mainstream stadiums are third-generation stadiums with retractable roofs, such as the Pittsburgh Auditorium completed in 1961, the Montreal Olympic Stadium completed in 1987, and the Melbourne Stadium completed in 1987. It is home to the National Tennis Center, but ever since the Toronto Skydome opened as a baseball stadium in 1989, there has been a strong desire for a stadium with a retractable roof.

Tokyo Dome, which has a fixed roof with a membrane structure, has been extremely popular since its opening, but baseball and American football, which are originally outdoor sports, are played under blue skies or starry skies on sunny days, enjoying the pleasant breeze. It is self-evident that it is more liberating and preferable to watch the game while watching the games, and it seems inevitable that there will be a shift from fixed roof systems to retractable roof systems.

In response to this trend, Zenecon companies are proposing stadiums with retractable roofs as shown below.

Obayashi Corporation (Skylight Dome), Kajima Corporation (Rainbow Dome), Kumagai Corporation (Sundome), Shimizu Corporation (Super Circ Dome), Taisei Corporation (Almashiro), Takenaka Corporation (Seal Dome), Raii Corporation (The Planet) ), Toda Construction (Apple Dome), Kurushima Construction (The Dome)
Nishimatsu Construction (Trendy Dome), Hazama Gumi (Space Dome), Fujita Kogyo (Slide Dome), Maeda Construction (Dual Dome), Mitsui Construction (Skywave) Various roofed stadiums that have been realized or are in the proposal stage as described above. For more information, please visit NIKKKEI
ARC old TECTURE 1988.6.27. issue,
Also 1989.3.6. No., Column No., 1111
No. 989.1, Kensetsu Kogyo Shimbun 1989.8. It is described in No. 11 etc.

Among the conventionally known stadiums with retractable roofs, those with roofs or domes have one side of the roof cut out in a straight or curved shape, or in other words, there are multiple ones that are shaped like half a bowl. However, there is no known example in which both sides of the dome roof are open parts, such as the upper dome 10 and lower dome 20 of the present invention.

[Invention or problem to be solved] The ultimate goal of a retractable roof stadium is to make the stadium as closed as a stadium with a roof, and as open as an open stadium. It all depends on how the design in the open and closed states is organically linked to the function.

When we consider the retractable roof stadiums of the above companies from this perspective, we find that they are mainly used for baseball games, and do not necessarily meet the basic requirements of retractable roof stadiums, which is to be able to accommodate a variety of events. It seems that it cannot be said to be satisfactory. For example, a roof is not only used to block rain, wind, and snow, but depending on the type of event, the shape of the roof in its closed and open states is extremely important for lighting effects, sound effects, and the installation of these equipment. However, the retractable roof stadiums of the above-mentioned companies are too insistent on their originality.
There is a tendency to prioritize the unique design of the retractable roof structure over its ability to accommodate a variety of events.

Furthermore, some of the above-mentioned retractable roofs from the above companies do not take into account the psychological state of the audience. In other words, many people will feel a sense of fear or oppression when a vast roof structure is overhead, and the more unusual the roof design, the more likely this feeling will increase. .

From the above-mentioned viewpoint, the present invention reviews the retractable roof stadiums of various companies that have been revealed to date, and develops the basic idea of retractable roof stadiums that can accommodate a variety of events without focusing only on hosting baseball games. Accordingly, the main purpose of the present invention is to reveal a stadium with a retractable roof that combines functionality and design.Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a stadium with a retractable roof that combines function and design. The purpose is to identify stadiums with retractable roof structures that are possible.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An object of the present invention is to form at least the outer edge of the stadium into a circular shape, and to form the upper part of the field part and the bleacher part into a lower dome having a hyperbolic open part and an upper part. The domes are partially overlapped to cover each other, and the pair of domes are rotated freely relative to each other by a circular motion mechanism located along the outer edge of the stadium, thereby closing and partially opening the roof. This is further achieved by a retractable roof stadium in which a pair of domes are simultaneously moved in parallel by a linear motion mechanism to move out of at least the space above the field.

[Example] Next, a retractable roof stadium according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows the retractable roof in a closed state.

The retractable roof is composed of an upper dome designated by 10 and a lower dome designated by 20. The upper dome 10 has a dome-like cross section and has a hyperbolic opening when viewed from above, and the lower dome 20 has a dome-like cross section and a hyperbolic shape different from the upper dome lO. It has a shape with a release part. Moreover, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 of the present invention
It can also be described as an arch-like shape that widens at the end.

Further, as will be described later, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 of the present invention are configured so that they can each be independently driven in a circumferential direction (circular motion) in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Therefore, from the state in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 overlap in a cross shape (closed state) as shown in FIG. 1, to the state in which they are rotated by 90 degrees relative to each other as shown in FIG. The opening part can be set freely from the overlap open state (however, Fig. 2 shows the roof fully open state by driving linearly to the left in the figure from the overlap open state), so it is possible to freely set the opening part from the overlap open state to the roof fully open state. There is an advantage that the width of the release part and the release direction can be freely adjusted depending on the direction of the release part.

In the combination of the upper and lower half-bowl-shaped domes that have been known so far, even if the upper and lower domes are configured to be able to rotate freely relative to each other, it is difficult to form an opening in only one direction of the dome roof. It is.

The above-mentioned difference appears as an effective difference, for example, in a mode in which lighting equipment and audio equipment are provided on the lower surface of the dome roof. In other words, in the case of upper and lower domes shaped like half bowls, if the upper and lower domes overlap,
The lower surface of the upper dome becomes a dead zone for lighting and audio equipment, and when considering lighting and acoustic effects, it is necessary to minimize the overlap between the upper and lower domes, and the roof opening ratio is effectively reduced. It has to be very low. The configurations such as the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 of the present invention have a high degree of freedom in terms of lighting and acoustic design, and the dome roof can be widely used as part of stage equipment. It is clear that it is superior as a multipurpose stadium compared to other stadiums.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 2o are driven in the circumferential direction so that they are overlapped to the maximum, and then are driven in a straight line to fully open the sky above the field 3o and the bleachers 31. It shows.

Depending on the amount of linear movement, the roof opening ratio can be reduced to 1 on the field.
You can freely set it from 00% to 100% including the audience seats.

Although not described in detail, it is possible to add movable seats to the bleachers 31, and the size of the field 30 is adjusted depending on the type of event to be held.

Next, a circumferential drive mechanism and a linear drive mechanism for driving and operating the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 in the manner described above will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, an annular rail 40 for driving the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 in the circumferential direction is provided on the outer edge of the bleachers 31. They are set up separately. For upper dome 1O and lower dome 2
Each annular rail 4o for 0 has a fixed annular rail 41,
It is composed of a movable annular rail 42.

The fixed annular rail 41 is attached to the upper part of the stadium's lower S frame 50, but the movable annular rail 42 continuous thereto is attached to the upper surface of a parallel movement base 80 placed on a straight rail 43, which will be described later. It is located in

When the parallel movement base BO is in the position shown in FIG. are configured such that they can be driven in the circumferential direction clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the one-overlap open state J in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 overlap in a parallel state, after operating so that both systems are positioned on the movable annular rail 42, the parallel movement By operating the base 60, the upper dome 1
0 and the lower dome 20 can be driven linearly along the linear rail 43, and the roof can be brought into a "fully open state" as shown in FIG.

A specific example of the movable annular rail 42, the parallel movement base 60, and the linear rail 43 will be explained according to FIG.

A plurality of drive carts 61 are attached to the bases of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 via hinge parts 11 and 21, respectively. By independently driving and operating the respective drive carts 61, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 can be independently driven in the circumferential direction.

The drive truck 61 runs along a movable annular rail 42 laid at the base of a groove-like track 65 provided on the upper surface of the parallel movement base 60. Wheels 62 rotated by a geared motor are provided on the underside of the driving cart 61, and guide rails 63 are provided at the base of the grooved track 65 to prevent lifting. The rollers 64 provided in the drive carriage 61 are engaged with each other to prevent the drive carriage 61 from floating up.

1. Furthermore, a lateral force receiving mechanism 66 is provided between the side surface of the drive truck 61 and the wall surface of the groove-like track 65, which includes wheels, rails, pinion racks, and the like. A similar lateral force receiving mechanism is also provided between the parallel movement base 60 and the convex portion 51 constructed at the upper end of the frame 50.

A plurality of parallel movement drive devices 67 are provided on the lower surface of the parallel movement base 60 and run along the linear rails 43 laid on the upper surface of the frame 50.

[Effects of the Invention] In the retractable roof stadium of the present invention, the roof of the multipurpose stadium is composed of an upper dome and a lower dome each having a dome-shaped cross section and a hyperbolic opening when viewed from above, each of which is independent of the other. By driving clockwise or counterclockwise, various roof open states can be created, from the closed state to the stacked open state. 100% roof opening ratio
Since it can be fully opened, it not only has the advantage of being able to freely adjust the width of the opening and the opening direction depending on the direction of sunlight and wind, but also has the advantage that, for example, it can be placed on the underside of the dome roof. In cases where lighting equipment and audio equipment are installed, it is possible to design lighting and audio with a high degree of freedom without substantially reducing the roof aperture ratio, and the dome roof can be widely used as part of stage equipment. Since it can be used as an all-weather multi-purpose stadium where a variety of events are expected to be held, the above-mentioned problems can be solved.

In addition, in the retractable roof stadium of the present invention, the dome roof is formed of two arches supported by a base that widens at the end, so the audience feels a sense of fear compared to the known retractable roof stadium that has a half-bowl shape. It is possible to solve the problems listed above without feeling pressured or oppressive.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view with the roof closed, Figure 2 is a perspective view with the roof fully open, Figure 3 is a plan view with the roof removed, and Figure 4 is a perspective view with the roof fully open.
5 is a plan view showing driving of the roof in a circumferential direction, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing driving of the roof in a linear direction. FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 are schematic cross-sectional views of the roof driving section. In the figure, each symbol indicates the following. 10... Upper dome 11... Hinge part 20
...Lower dome 21...Hinge part 30...
・Field 31...Grandstand seats 40...Annular rail 41...Fixed annular rail 42...Movable annular rail 43...Straight rail 50...Structure 51...Convex part 60 of the structure ... Parallel movement base 61 ... Drive cart 62-8. Wheel
63...Guide rail 64...Roller
65... Grooved track 66... Lateral force receiver is mechanism 67... Drive device for parallel movement

Claims (1)

[Claims] At least the outer edge of the stadium is formed in a circular shape, and the upper part of the field part and the bleacher part are covered by partially overlapping a lower dome and an upper dome having a hyperbolic open part, and the pair of domes are driven in mutually free direction by a circumferential drive mechanism located along the outer edge of the stadium to close and partially open the roof, and a linear drive mechanism drives the domes in parallel motion. A stadium with a retractable roof, characterized in that the roof is removed from at least the space above the field.