JPH032501B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a moist pelleted fish feed in which an equal or more amount of raw bait is used in the powdered compounded feed. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, moist pellet-shaped fish feed has come into widespread use in the cultivation of yellowtail, sea bream, coho salmon, tuna, and the like. Moist pellets, as the name suggests, are pellets that contain a lot of water, and are generally made with horse mackerel, sardines, saury fish,
Mackerel, sand eel, other small fish, etc. are used as raw bait after being frozen or after being frozen, and the raw bait is made of fishmeal, minerals, vegetable oil cakes, grains, grains, growth promoters, seaweed, etc. It is made by mixing powdered compound feed and a binder and making it into pellets. Raw bait is used in minced, sliced, or filleted form, and the moisture contained in moist pellets consists of the water coming out of the fish in the live bait and the water contained in the compounded feed. When feed/compound feed = 5/5, the moisture content reaches approximately 50% (usually
Moisture in live feed is approximately 75-85%). The present invention relates to such moist pelleted fish feed with high water content. Problems to be solved by the invention Moist pellets have the advantages of being difficult to disperse in seawater, having a low mortality rate of fish, and allowing fish to grow quickly, but the cost of compound feed and binder is high;
It is said that there is a problem with economic efficiency. Since raw food such as sardines is cheap, it is economical to increase the raw food content as much as possible, but when the raw food content exceeds 50%, known binders, sodium alginate, guar gum, polyester, etc. If sodium acrylate, carboxymethylcellulose, etc. are used alone, sufficient binding strength cannot be obtained, and the amount of binding agent added must be considerably increased, resulting in stickiness of the product and the possibility that pellets will stick to each other. However, there are problems such as not being able to obtain a shape that is easy for fish to eat, and it has not been possible to obtain a practical product that is economical and maintains a hardness that is easy for fish to eat, with a raw bait content of 50% or more. Therefore, in the present invention, we focused on the binder that plays the most important role when producing moist pellets as fish feed, and even with the use of a small amount of binder, the pellets are very hard, non-sticky, and have a smooth texture between the pellets. The purpose of the present invention is to develop a binder that can obtain moist pellets that do not cause bonding, and to economically provide moist pellets with a high raw feed content. Means for Solving the Problem In the present invention, by using sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium polyacrylate together as binders under specific conditions, even if the amount of raw bait mixed is significantly increased, the stickiness remains. It has been found that it is possible to economically obtain a moist pelleted fish feed that is hard, easy to use, and is free of moisture. That is, the fish feed of the present invention is produced by kneading 50 parts by weight or more of raw feed and 50 parts by weight or less of a powdered compound feed containing fishmeal as the main component,
As a binder, (a) carboxymethyl cellulose sodium having a viscosity of 1% aqueous solution at 25°C of 1000 cps or more, in an amount of 0.5 to 0.5 to
(b) Add and mix sodium polyacrylate having a viscosity of 80 mesh pass 50% or more and an average molecular weight of 1 million or more in an amount of 10% by weight or less based on the weight of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Therefore, a stable and practical moist pelleted fish feed can be provided. The carboxymethylcellulose sodium used in the present invention generally needs to be water-soluble with an average degree of etherification (hereinafter all etherification degrees refer to average degrees of etherification) of 0.45 or more, but the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution is 25 Type B viscometer 30 rpm at °C
Conditions (Tokyo Keiki Burtskfield type, BM
type) and must be 1000 cps or more. If the degree of etherification is too high, the synergistic effect will decrease, so there is no particular limitation, but the degree of etherification is 0.45.
It is preferred to use ~1.0 sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Examples of commercially available sodium carboxymethyl cellulose include Celogen F-3H and Celogen F-BSH-12 manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku. On the other hand, sodium polyacrylate preferably has a viscosity of 80 mesh pass 50% or more, from the viewpoint of excellent dissolution rate and rapid onset of effects, and it is known that the lower the viscosity, the better the effect. There used to be. Further, the molecular weight of sodium polyacrylate is preferably 1 million or more.
(It goes without saying that sodium polyacrylate must pass the standards prescribed for feed binders.) The molecular weight is calculated by the following formula. [η] 2N-NaOH 25℃=4.27×10 ^-4 P ^0.69 Mw=94×P Here, [η]: Intrinsic viscosity P: Degree of polymerization Mw: Molecular weight The addition rate of sodium polyacrylate is the addition amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. against
0.1-10% by weight is suitable. The amount of sodium polyacrylate is 0.1% by weight of the amount of sodium carboxymethylcellulose added.
If the amount of sodium polyacrylate is less than 10% by weight of the amount of sodium carboxymethylcellulose added, the hardness of the moist pellets will not be sufficient. It tends to become sticky and its hardness decreases. It is particularly preferable that the amount of sodium polyacrylate is about 0.3 to 5% by weight of the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added. Thus, it is effective in a small amount of sodium polyacrylate relative to sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is a unique phenomenon. From this, excellent effects can be achieved with a small amount of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and even with a small amount of the entire binder. In the present invention, it is possible to use other thickening agents such as compounds commonly used as feed binders such as guar gum, sodium alginate, and sodium caseinate. In addition, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium polyacrylate are generally used by being mixed in advance with powdered compounded feed such as fishmeal, but they may also be added during the process of mincing or pelletizing raw feed. Furthermore, the fish feed of the present invention can contain any of the substances normally added to fish feed, such as vitamins, minerals, and antibiotics. Examples 1 to 7 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium polyacrylate were added to and mixed with fish meal (produced in Sakaiminato) in the proportions shown in Table 1 to obtain powdered compounding material A. On the other hand, raw bait (frozen sardine) was minced using a meat chopper (manufactured by Hiraga Kosakusho) to obtain raw bait B. Powdered compounded material A and raw bait B thus obtained
are mixed at varying proportions as shown in Table 1,
The mixture was pelletized using a granulator (manufactured by Hiraga Kosho) to obtain moist pellets. The diameter of the pellet was 13 mm.

【table】

[Table] From the results in Table 1, Examples 1 to 1 according to the present invention
In Example 4, a product that is practical as moist pellets can be obtained, but in Example 5, in which sodium polyacrylate is not used as a binder, and in Example 6, in which sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with low viscosity is used, a product with a hardness that is practical can be obtained. It turns out that the product is not available. Examples 8 to 10 The same tests as in Example 1 were conducted by changing the viscosity of the sodium polyacrylate used. The results are shown in Table 2.

【table】

[Table] From the results in Table 2, Example 8 according to the present invention,
It can be seen that in Example 9, a stable and practical moist pellet was obtained, but in Example 10, in which sodium polyacrylate with a large particle size was used, it was difficult to obtain a stable product. Examples 11 to 14 The same tests as in Examples 1 to 4 were conducted by increasing the proportion of raw bait mixed. In this case, the amount of binder was increased. The results are shown in Table 3.

[Table] From the results in Table 3, Example 11 according to the present invention,
It can be seen that in Example 12, a practical moist pellet was obtained, but in Examples 13 and 14, in which a large amount of sodium polyacrylate was used, a practical product could not be obtained. Examples 15-18 Tests similar to Examples 1-4 were conducted using sodium polyacrylates having different molecular weights. The results are shown in Table 4.

[Table] From the results in Table 4, Example 15 according to the present invention,
It can be seen that in Example 16, a moist pellet with practical use is obtained, but in Examples 17 and 18, in which sodium polyacrylate with a small molecular weight is used, a product with a hardness suitable for practical use cannot be obtained. Effects of the Invention In the present invention, as shown in the examples, even if 50% by weight or more of raw bait is used, appropriate hardness can be achieved by using a small amount of binder (for example, about 0.5% by weight of the product weight). This makes it possible to provide a practical moist pelleted fish feed that is free from stickiness and is not sticky, and it is possible to provide a moist pelleted fish feed that is very economical and has good performance.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Moist pellets produced by kneading 50 parts by weight or more of raw feed and 50 parts by weight or less of a powdered compound feed containing fishmeal as a main component, comprising: (a) at 25°C; Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium with a viscosity of 1% aqueous solution of 1000 cps or more is added at a rate of 0.5 to 0.5 to the weight of the above moist pellets.
(b) 10% by weight or less of sodium polyacrylate having a particle size of 80 mesh pass 50% or more and an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 or more, based on the weight of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, is added and mixed. A moist pelleted fish feed characterized by: 2. The fish feed according to claim 1, wherein the average degree of etherification of the carboxymethylcellulose sodium is 0.45 or more. 3 The above sodium polyacrylate is based on the weight of the above sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The fish feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed is added in a proportion of 0.1 to 10% by weight.