JPH0361106B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an intermittent heat pump device driven by factory waste heat or the like.

Generally, zeolite or metal hydride is used as the working substance for an intermittent heat pump, and the working gas that reacts with these working substances is water for the former and hydrogen for the latter.
Here, a conventional example of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride will be explained.

Metal hydrides, such as TiMn-based alloys, absorb hydrogen gas and perform an exothermic reaction under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and release hydrogen gas and perform an endothermic reaction under other temperature and pressure conditions. Let's do it. Utilizing the above-mentioned properties of metal hydrides, the reaction heat when metal hydrides react with hydrogen is extracted to the outside by heat exchange with an appropriate heating medium, and when hot heat is generated, it is used for heating and hot water supply, and cold heat is generated. Sometimes it can be used for cooling purposes. FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional configuration of an intermittent-operating heat pump device that uses high-temperature factory waste gas as a driving heat source.

Metal hydride 1 (referred to as MH ₁ ) and metal hydride 2 with two different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures
(MH ₂ ) is filled in the metal hydride containers 3 and 4 as shown in FIG. 2, and in particular, the metal hydride container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. Metal hydrides 3 and 4 are in hydrogen conduit 5
A valve 6 is provided in the middle of the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3, which is divided into a plurality of parts, is installed in a high-temperature gas passage 7 and is heated by a high-temperature gas 8.

The metal hydride storage container 4 is provided with a heat medium flow path 9 and is configured to transfer reaction heat when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen to the heat medium through heat exchange.

Now, consider the case of transferring hydrogen from MH ₁ to MH ₂ . Before the start of hydrogen transfer, MH ₁ is in a state where it stores more hydrogen than MH ₂ . MH ₁ is heated to a high temperature by high temperature gas 8, and the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is on one side.
When the temperature becomes higher than MH ₂ and valve 6 is opened, hydrogen moves from MH ₁ to MH ₂ . At this time
Since MH ₂ absorbs hydrogen, it causes an exothermic reaction and the generated heat is extracted to the outside by a heat medium. Here, when the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by the high temperature gas 8, the first row closest to the high temperature gas 8 is heated.
The temperature of MH ₁ is the highest, and according to the flow direction of high temperature gas 8, the temperature of high temperature gas 8 decreases due to heat exchange with MH ₁ , and the flow rate of high temperature gas decreases due to the decrease in temperature, so the heat transfer coefficient also decreases. Therefore, the temperature at which MH ₁ is heated becomes lower as one goes to the back row. In this way, when the temperature of MH ₁ is not uniform and has a temperature distribution, the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure also varies in height, and when the valve 6 is opened and hydrogen is transferred from MH ₁ to MH ₂ , the hydrogen Since the transfer occurs due to pressure difference, the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH ₁ is the largest in the area where the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is high (the area where the temperature is high), and the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH ₁ is the largest in the area where the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is low (the area where the temperature is low). The amount of hydrogen transferred is the smallest. In other words, in the divided metal hydride storage container 3
Even if MH ₁ was filled in equal parts, the amount of hydrogen transfer differed due to the non-uniformity of the heating temperature, resulting in a difference in the utilization of the alloy, and the disadvantage was that MH ₁ in the lower temperature portion was poorly utilized.

This drawback also applies to other working materials, such as zeolites.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, when a plurality of divided working substance containers are heated with high-temperature gas, a temperature distribution occurs between the working substance containers. The dissociation equilibrium pressure of the working substance in the lower temperature area with respect to the working gas is lower, and when the working gas is transferred to the other paired container, the amount of working gas transferred is smaller than that of the working substance in the higher temperature area. This has the disadvantage that the amount of carbon dioxide decreases, making it less useful as a working substance.

Means for Solving the Problems As described above, the present invention allows a plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas to communicate with each other so that the working gas is mutually transferred so that the working substance reacts with the working gas. At least one of the working substance storage containers of an intermittent-operating heat pump device that utilizes the reaction heat from the reaction for heating and hot water supply (or cooling) is divided into multiple containers, installed in a high-temperature gas passage, and heated by the high-temperature gas. When releasing the working gas, each heat transfer area of the working substance storage container is made non-uniform.

Effect The present invention heats the working substance storage container divided into a plurality of parts using high-temperature gas with the above-described configuration, and
When the working gas is released, the temperature distribution of each container can be made uniform to make the amount of working gas released constant, and the utilization rate of the working substance can be made uniform.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The metal hydride 1 (MH ₁ ) is filled into a plurality of divided tubular metal hydride storage containers 3 in equal amounts. A metal hydride storage container 4 is filled with metal hydride 2 (MH ₂ ). Piping for hydrogen gas to flow in and out is connected to each end of the tubular metal hydride storage container 3, and these pipes are assembled to finally form one hydrogen conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 4 is a hydrogen conduit 5
It communicates with the metal hydride storage container 3 through. A valve 6 is provided in the middle of the hydrogen conduit 5. A large number of tubular metal hydride containers 3 are installed in a high temperature gas passage 7 and are configured to be heated by a high temperature gas 8 . A circular fin is attached to the outer periphery of the metal hydride storage containers 3 in the fourth and subsequent rows as means for enlarging the heat transfer area. Furthermore, the outer circumference of the fins becomes larger toward the rear row, and the heat transfer area increases.

The metal hydride storage container 4 is provided with a heat medium flow path 9, and is configured so that the heat of reaction when the metal hydride 2 absorbs or dissociates hydrogen can be transferred to the heat medium and taken out to the outside.

In the air-conditioning/heating water supply system having the above configuration, metal hydride 1 (MH ₁ ) to metal hydride 2 (MH ₂ )
Let us consider a case where the reaction heat generated when MH ₂ absorbs hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 9 and taken out to the outside to be used for space heating or hot water supply. In order to release hydrogen from the metal hydride 1, the metal hydride storage container 3, which is divided into many parts, is heated by the high-temperature gas 8, but the metal hydride storage containers 3 up to three rows on the inflow side of the high-temperature gas 8 are Since it is a bare tube without any thermal area expansion means, the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 is high, and although the gas flow rate is high, the heat transfer area is small, so the temperature of the metal hydride 1 does not rise much. However, since the fourth row and subsequent rows on the outflow side of the high-temperature gas 8 are equipped with heat transfer area expansion means, the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 and the gas flow rate are reduced by heat transfer to the front row, but the high temperature Heat transfer from the gas 8 takes place via the enlarged heat transfer area, and the temperature of the metal hydride 1 remains the same as up to the front row. In particular, the outer circumference of the fin increases from the fourth row of the metal hydride storage container toward the outflow side of the high-temperature gas 8, and the heat transfer area increases in inverse proportion to the decrease in the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 and the gas flow rate. Therefore, the temperature of the metal hydride 1 is uniformly heated as a whole.

Therefore, when the valve 6 is opened to release hydrogen gas toward the metal hydride 2, the temperature of the metal hydride 1 divided into many parts is uniform, so the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is also uniform, and all the divided metal hydrides are Equal amounts of hydrogen will be released from the hydride storage container 3. In other words, in each divided element of the divided metal hydride storage container 3, the hydrogen storage and release ability of the metal hydride 1 filled inside can be utilized uniformly.

In this example, the heat transfer area expanding means was applied from the fourth row of the metal hydride storage container 3;
It is also possible to obtain a more uniform heating temperature by applying heat transfer area enlarging means from the rows and increasing the heat transfer area toward the rear rows.

In addition to the circular fins as in this embodiment, the heat transfer area enlarging means may be rectangular or other shapes, and the fin surface may be of any shape such as louvers, slits, etc.
Further, in this embodiment, the fin surface is parallel to the flow direction of the high-temperature gas, but the fin surface may extend in the longitudinal direction of the metal hydride container perpendicular to the flow direction.

Although the embodiments have been described above regarding an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride, the same can be applied to other operating materials such as zeolite.

Effects of the Invention As described above, in the present invention, the temperature of the working substance in the divided working substance storage containers can be uniformly raised.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using metal hydride in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of a conventional intermittent operation type heat pump device. 1, 2... Metal hydride, 3, 4... Metal hydride storage container, 5... Hydrogen conduit, 7... High temperature gas passage, 8... High temperature gas, 9... Heat medium flow path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas that reacts with the working substance are communicated with each other,
At least one of the working substance storage containers of an intermittent-operating heat pump device that allows working gas to move between each other and uses the reaction heat generated when the working substance reacts with the working gas for heating and hot water supply (or cooling) is a plurality of containers. When the working substance storage container is divided into a plurality of parts and installed in a high-temperature gas passage and is heated by the high-temperature gas, the heat transfer area of each divided working substance container is from the upstream side to the downstream side in the direction of flow of the high-temperature gas. An intermittent operating heat pump device characterized by large sides.