JPH0414261B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0414261B2 JPH0414261B2 JP7971786A JP7971786A JPH0414261B2 JP H0414261 B2 JPH0414261 B2 JP H0414261B2 JP 7971786 A JP7971786 A JP 7971786A JP 7971786 A JP7971786 A JP 7971786A JP H0414261 B2 JPH0414261 B2 JP H0414261B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal hydride
- hydrogen
- temperature
- gas
- working
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008207 working material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010389 TiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 TiMn-based alloys Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は工場廃熱等によつて駆動される間欠作
動式ヒートポンプ装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an intermittent heat pump device driven by factory waste heat or the like.
従来の技術
一般に間欠作動式ヒートポンプ用作動物質とし
てゼオライトあるいは金属水素化物等が用いら
れ、これらの作動物質と反応する作動気体は前者
に対しては水、後者に対しては水素が相当する。
ここでは金属水素化物を用いた間欠作動式ヒート
ポンプ装置の従来例について説明する。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, zeolite or metal hydride is used as a working substance for an intermittent heat pump, and the working gas that reacts with these working substances is water for the former and hydrogen for the latter.
Here, a conventional example of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride will be explained.
TiMn系合金に代表される金属水素化物はある
温度・圧力条件のもとで水素ガスを吸蔵して発熱
反応を行ない、別の温度・圧力条件のもとでは水
素ガスを放出して吸熱反応を行なう。金属水素化
物の上記の特性を利用して金属水素化物が水素と
反応する際の反応熱を適当な熱媒により熱交換す
ることによつて外部に取り出し、温熱発生時には
暖房給湯用として、冷熱発生時には冷房用として
利用することができる。駆動用熱源として高温の
工場廃ガスを用いた冷暖房給湯装置の従来の構成
例を第２図に示す。 Metal hydrides, such as TiMn-based alloys, absorb hydrogen gas and perform an exothermic reaction under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and release hydrogen gas and perform an endothermic reaction under other temperature and pressure conditions. Let's do it. Utilizing the above-mentioned properties of metal hydrides, the reaction heat when metal hydrides react with hydrogen is extracted to the outside by heat exchange with an appropriate heating medium, and when hot heat is generated, it is used for heating and hot water supply, and cold heat is generated. Sometimes it can be used for cooling purposes. FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional configuration of an air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply system that uses high-temperature factory waste gas as a driving heat source.
２つの異なる水素吸蔵平衡圧を有する金属水素
化物１（MH1と呼ぶ）及び金属水素化物２
（MH2）は第２図に示すように金属水素化物収容
容器３および４内に充てんされており、特に金属
水素化物収容容器３は複数の管状の容器に分割さ
れている。金属水素化物３および４は水素導管５
によつて連通しており前記導管５の途中にバルブ
６が設けられている。複数に分割された金属水素
化物収容容器３は高温ガス通路７内に設置されて
おり高温ガス８により加熱されるようになつてい
る。 Metal hydride 1 (referred to as MH 1 ) and metal hydride 2 with two different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures
(MH 2 ) is filled in the metal hydride containers 3 and 4 as shown in FIG. 2, and in particular, the metal hydride container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. Metal hydrides 3 and 4 are in hydrogen conduit 5
A valve 6 is provided in the middle of the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3, which is divided into a plurality of parts, is installed in a high-temperature gas passage 7 and is heated by a high-temperature gas 8.
金属水素化物収容容器４には熱媒体流路９が設
けられ金属水素化物が水素を吸蔵解離する際の反
応熱を熱交換により熱媒体に伝達するように構成
されている。 The metal hydride storage container 4 is provided with a heat medium flow path 9 and is configured to transfer reaction heat when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen to the heat medium through heat exchange.
今、MH1からMH2へ水素を移動させる場合を
考える。水素移動開始前にはMH1はMH2よりも
水素の吸蔵量が多い状態にある。高温ガス８によ
りMH1は高温に加熱され水素平衡圧力が一方の
MH2より高くなりバルブ６を開けることによつ
て水素はMH1からMH2へ移動する。このとき
MH2は水素を吸蔵するため発熱反応を起こし発
生した熱は熱媒体により外部へ取りだされる。こ
こで金属水素化物収容容器３が高温ガス８より加
熱される際高温ガス８に最も近接した最前列の
MH1の温度が最も高く、高温ガス８の流動方向
に従つてMH1との熱交換により高温ガス８の温
度が低下するとともにまた温度の低下により高温
ガスの流速が減少するため熱伝達率も低下するた
め、後列にいくに従つてMH1の加熱される温度
は低くなる。このようにMH1の温度に均一性が
得られず温度分布を有するときには水素解離平衡
圧にも高低差が生じ、バルブ６をあけてMH1か
らMH2へ水素を移動させた場合、水素の移動は
圧力差で起こるため水素解離平衡圧の高い部分
（温度の高い部分）のMH1からの水素移動量が最
も多く、水素解離平衡圧の低い部分（温度の低い
部分）のMH1からの水素移動量が最も少なくな
る。つまり、分割された金属水素化物収容容器３
にMH1を等分に充てんしても、加熱温度の不均
一性により水素移動量が異なり合金の利用度に差
が生じて温度の低い部分のMH1は利用度が悪い
という欠点があつた。 Now, consider the case of transferring hydrogen from MH 1 to MH 2 . Before the start of hydrogen transfer, MH 1 is in a state where it stores more hydrogen than MH 2 . MH 1 is heated to a high temperature by high temperature gas 8, and the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is on one side.
When the temperature becomes higher than MH 2 and valve 6 is opened, hydrogen moves from MH 1 to MH 2 . At this time
Since MH 2 absorbs hydrogen, it causes an exothermic reaction and the generated heat is extracted to the outside by a heat medium. Here, when the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by the high temperature gas 8, the first row closest to the high temperature gas 8 is heated.
The temperature of MH 1 is the highest, and according to the flow direction of high temperature gas 8, the temperature of high temperature gas 8 decreases due to heat exchange with MH 1 , and the flow rate of high temperature gas decreases due to the decrease in temperature, so the heat transfer coefficient also decreases. Therefore, the temperature at which MH 1 is heated becomes lower as one goes to the back row. In this way, when the temperature of MH 1 is not uniform and has a temperature distribution, the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure also varies in height, and when the valve 6 is opened and hydrogen is transferred from MH 1 to MH 2 , the hydrogen Since the transfer occurs due to pressure difference, the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH 1 is the largest in the area where the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is high (the area where the temperature is high), and the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH 1 is the largest in the area where the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is low (the area where the temperature is low). The amount of hydrogen transferred is the smallest. In other words, the divided metal hydride storage container 3
Even if MH 1 is filled in equal parts, the amount of hydrogen transferred differs due to the non-uniformity of the heating temperature, resulting in a difference in the utilization of the alloy, which has the disadvantage that MH 1 in the lower temperature part is poorly utilized. .
この欠点は他の作動物質例えばゼオライトにお
いても同様である。 This drawback also applies to other working materials, such as zeolites.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
以上述べたように高温ガスによつて複数に分割
された作動物質収容容器を加熱するとき、作動物
質の各収容容器間に温度分布が生じる。温度が低
い部分の作動物質はその作動気体に対する解離平
衡圧が低くなり、対になつた他の収容容器へ作動
気体を移動させる場合作動気体の移動量は温度の
高い部分の作動物質に較べて少なくなり、作動物
質としての利用度が悪くなるという欠点があつ
た。Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, when a plurality of divided working substance containers are heated with high-temperature gas, a temperature distribution occurs between the working substance containers. The working substance in the lower temperature part has a lower dissociation equilibrium pressure with respect to the working gas, and when the working gas is transferred to the other paired container, the amount of working gas transferred is smaller than that of the working substance in the higher temperature part. This has the disadvantage that the amount of oxidation decreases, resulting in poor utilization as a working substance.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は作動物質が複数の容器に分割されて高
温ガスの通路内に設置されている場合に、高温ガ
スの流動方向に、前記容器の配列を密から粗に配
設するものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides that when a working substance is divided into a plurality of containers and installed in a high-temperature gas passage, the containers are arranged in a manner that changes the arrangement of the containers from dense to coarse in the flow direction of the high-temperature gas. It is to be installed.
作 用
本発明は上記構成により高温ガスによつて複数
に分割された作動物質収容容器を加熱して、作動
気体を放出させる際、各収容容器の温度分布を均
一にして作動気体放出量を一定にすることがで
き、作動物質の利用率の均一化が図れる。Effects The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and when the working substance container divided into a plurality of parts is heated by high-temperature gas to release the working gas, the temperature distribution of each container is made uniform and the amount of working gas released is kept constant. This makes it possible to equalize the utilization rate of the working substance.
実施例
以下本発明の一実施例を添付図面にもとづいて
説明する。第１図は本発明の一実施例の金属水素
化物を用いた間欠作動式ヒートポンプ装置の構成
図である。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention.
金属水素化物１（MH1）は多数に分割された
管状の金属水素化物収容容器３に等量づつ充てん
されている。金属水素化物２（MH2）は金属水
素化物容容器４に充てんされている。管状の金属
水素化物収容容器３の端部にはそれぞれ水素ガス
が流出入するための配管が接続されておりそれら
が集合して最終的に一本の水素導管５を形成して
いる。金属水素化物収容器４は水素導管５によつ
て金属水素化物収容容器３と連通している。水素
導管５の途中にはバルブ６が設けられている。 The metal hydride 1 (MH 1 ) is filled into a plurality of divided tubular metal hydride storage containers 3 in equal amounts. A metal hydride container 4 is filled with metal hydride 2 (MH 2 ). Piping for hydrogen gas to flow in and out is connected to each end of the tubular metal hydride storage container 3, and these pipes are assembled to finally form one hydrogen conduit 5. The metal hydride container 4 communicates with the metal hydride container 3 via a hydrogen conduit 5 . A valve 6 is provided in the middle of the hydrogen conduit 5.
多数の管状の金属水素化物収容容器３は、高温
ガス通路７に設置され高温ガス８により加熱され
るよう構成されている。金属水素化物収容容器３
の配列は、高温ガス８の流動する方向に配列間隔
が密から粗へ変化している。 A large number of tubular metal hydride containers 3 are arranged in a hot gas passage 7 and heated by hot gas 8 . Metal hydride storage container 3
In the arrangement, the arrangement interval changes from dense to coarse in the direction in which the high temperature gas 8 flows.
金属水素化物収容容器４には熱媒体流路９が設
けられ金属水素化物２が水素を吸蔵あるいは解離
する際の反応熱を熱媒体に伝達し外部に取り出せ
るように構成されている。 The metal hydride storage container 4 is provided with a heat medium flow path 9 so that the reaction heat generated when the metal hydride 2 absorbs or dissociates hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium and taken out to the outside.
上記した構成の間欠作動式ヒートポンプ装置に
おいて金属水素化物１（MH1）から金属水素化
物２（MH2）へ水素を移動させてMH2が水素を
吸蔵する際の反応熱を熱媒体流路９内の熱媒体に
伝達し、外部に取り出して暖房あるいは給湯とし
て利用しようとする場合を考える。 In the intermittent operation heat pump device having the above configuration, hydrogen is transferred from metal hydride 1 (MH 1 ) to metal hydride 2 (MH 2 ), and the reaction heat when MH 2 absorbs hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium flow path 9. Consider the case where the heat is transferred to a heat medium inside the room and taken out to be used for space heating or hot water supply.
金属水素化物１より水素を放出させるために多
数に分割された金属水素化物収容容器３は高温ガ
ス８により加熱されるが、金属水素化物収容容器
３の高温ガラス８の流入側の部分は配列が密で、
後列の容器が前列の容器の陰になり、高温ガス８
と接触して熱伝達を受ける表面積がきわめて少な
いため、高温ガス８の温度は高いものの金属水素
化物１の温度はあまりあがらない。ところが、高
温ガス８の流出側に向かうに従つて収容容器３の
配列間隔が粗になり、前列の容器の後部にまで高
温ガス８が流れこむようになり後列の容器の高温
ガス８と接触する表面積が増大していくため、前
列までの熱伝達によつて高温ガス８の温度は下が
つているものの、金属水素化物１の温度は前列ま
でのものと変わらず、全体的に金属水素化物１の
温度は均一に加熱されることになる。 In order to release hydrogen from the metal hydride 1, the metal hydride storage container 3, which is divided into many parts, is heated by high-temperature gas 8, but the inflow side portion of the high-temperature glass 8 of the metal hydride storage container 3 is arranged Closely,
The containers in the back row are in the shade of the containers in the front row, and high-temperature gas 8
Since the surface area that receives heat transfer through contact with the metal hydride 1 is extremely small, the temperature of the metal hydride 1 does not rise much, although the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 is high. However, as we move toward the outflow side of the hot gas 8, the spacing between the storage containers 3 becomes coarser, and the hot gas 8 flows into the rear of the containers in the front row, reducing the surface area that comes into contact with the hot gas 8 of the containers in the rear row. As the temperature increases, the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 decreases due to heat transfer to the front row, but the temperature of the metal hydride 1 remains the same as that up to the front row, and overall the temperature of the metal hydride 1 decreases. The temperature will be evenly heated.
従つてバルブ６を開けて水素ガスを金属水素化
物２へ向かつて放出させる場合、多数に分割され
た金属水素化物１の温度が均一であるため、水素
解離平衡圧も均一となり、全ての分割された金属
水素化物収容容器３から等量づつの水素が放出さ
れることになる。つまり分割された金属水素化物
収容容器３の各分割要素において、内部に充てん
された金属水素化物１の水素吸蔵放出能力を均一
に利用することができるのである。 Therefore, when the valve 6 is opened to release hydrogen gas toward the metal hydride 2, the temperature of the metal hydride 1 divided into many parts is uniform, so the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is also uniform, and the hydrogen gas is released into the metal hydride 2. An equal amount of hydrogen is released from the metal hydride storage container 3. In other words, in each divided element of the divided metal hydride storage container 3, the hydrogen storage and release ability of the metal hydride 1 filled inside can be utilized uniformly.
以上、金属水素化物を用いた間欠作動式ヒート
ポンプ装置についてその実施例を説明したが、他
の作動物質例えばゼオライト等に対しても同様に
実施できる。 Although the embodiments have been described above regarding an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride, the same can be applied to other operating materials such as zeolite.
発明の効果
本発明は以上のように分割された作動物質収容
容器内の作動物質の温度を均一に上昇させること
ができる。その結果、他の収容容器へ作動気体を
移動させる際に分割された作動物質収容容器から
等量づつの作動気体が放出されることになり、作
動物質の利用率の均一化が図れる。Effects of the Invention The present invention can uniformly increase the temperature of the working substance in the divided working substance storage containers as described above. As a result, when the working gas is transferred to another container, an equal amount of the working gas is released from each of the divided working material storage containers, and the utilization rate of the working material can be made uniform.
第１図は本発明の一実施例における金属水素化
物利用間欠作動式ヒートポンプ装置の構成図、第
２図は従来の間欠作動式ヒートポンプ装置の構成
図である。
１，２……金属水素化物、３，４……金属水素
化物収容容器、５……水素導管、７……高温ガス
通路、８……高温ガス、９……熱媒体流路。
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a conventional intermittent operation type heat pump device. 1, 2... Metal hydride, 3, 4... Metal hydride storage container, 5... Hydrogen conduit, 7... High temperature gas passage, 8... High temperature gas, 9... Heat medium flow path.
Claims (1)
気体を収容した複数の容器を互いに連通させ、相
互に作動気体の移動を行わせて作動物質が作動気
体と反応する際の反応熱を暖房給湯または冷房に
利用する間欠作動式ヒートポンプ装置の、少なく
とも一方の作動物質収容容器が、複数の容器に分
割されて高温ガスの通路内に高温ガスの流動方向
に、前記作動物質収容容器の配列を密から粗に配
設した間欠作動式ヒートポンプ装置。1 A plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas that reacts with the working substance are communicated with each other, and the working gas is transferred between them, so that the reaction heat when the working substance reacts with the working gas is used for heating water supply or cooling. At least one of the working substance storage containers of an intermittent operation type heat pump device used for An intermittent-operating heat pump device installed in
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61079717A JPS62258972A (en) | 1986-04-07 | 1986-04-07 | Intermittent heat pump device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61079717A JPS62258972A (en) | 1986-04-07 | 1986-04-07 | Intermittent heat pump device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62258972A JPS62258972A (en) | 1987-11-11 |
| JPH0414261B2 true JPH0414261B2 (en) | 1992-03-12 |
Family
ID=13697956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61079717A Granted JPS62258972A (en) | 1986-04-07 | 1986-04-07 | Intermittent heat pump device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62258972A (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-04-07 JP JP61079717A patent/JPS62258972A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62258972A (en) | 1987-11-11 |
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