JPH03855Y2

JPH03855Y2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH03855Y2
Application number: JP19612286U
Authority: JP
Priority date: 1986-12-19
Filing date: 1986-12-19
Publication date: 1991-01-11
Also published as: JPS63100923U

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】〔産業上の利用分野〕この考案は、高電圧、低電圧の２種の交流電源
に対し切換器の切換えにより負荷に電力を供給
し、誤切換え時に回路素子を保護するようにした
電源装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention supplies power to the load by switching between two types of AC power supplies, high voltage and low voltage, and protects circuit elements in the event of incorrect switching. The present invention relates to a power supply device configured to do so.

[Conventional technology]

一般に、アーク溶接機やアーク放電灯等負荷に
電力を供給する電源装置は、100Vと200Vあるい
は200Vと400Vの２種の交流電源に対し、内部の
切換器を切換えて使用するようになつており、た
とえば入力電圧が100Vの場合は切換器100Vに、
入力電圧が200Vの場合は切換器を200Vに切換え
て使用している。 In general, power supplies that supply power to loads such as arc welders and arc discharge lamps use internal switching devices to switch between two types of AC power: 100V and 200V or 200V and 400V. For example, if the input voltage is 100V, switch to 100V,
When the input voltage is 200V, the switch is used to switch to 200V.

ところで、従来のこの種電源装置は、第５図に
示すようになつている。 By the way, a conventional power supply device of this type is constructed as shown in FIG.

同図において、１，２は接続される交流電源の
一端、他端、３はブリツジ方式の整流器、４は一
端１と整流器３の一方の入力端子との間に接続さ
れた常閉接点、５，６は整流器３の両出力端子間
に直列接続された２個の平滑用コンデンサ、７は
両コンデンサ５，６の両端に接続された負荷であ
り、完全な負荷の場合またはインバータを内蔵し
交流変換して負荷に電力を供給する場合もある。 In the figure, 1 and 2 are one end and the other end of the AC power supply to be connected, 3 is a bridge type rectifier, 4 is a normally closed contact connected between one end 1 and one input terminal of the rectifier 3, and 5 , 6 are two smoothing capacitors connected in series between both output terminals of the rectifier 3, and 7 is a load connected to both ends of both capacitors 5 and 6. In the case of a complete load or an inverter built-in AC In some cases, it is converted to supply power to a load.

８は他端２に接続された整流器３の他方の入力
端子と両コンデンサ５，６の接続点との間に接続
された第１接点、９は第１接点８に連動する第２
接点であり、両接点８，９により切換器１０を形
成し、両端１，２に接続される交流電源が低電圧
の場合に閉、高電圧の場合に開に切換えられる。 8 is a first contact connected between the other input terminal of the rectifier 3 connected to the other end 2 and the connection point of both capacitors 5 and 6; 9 is a second contact connected to the first contact 8;
Both contacts 8 and 9 form a switch 10, which is closed when the AC power supply connected to both ends 1 and 2 is at a low voltage, and is switched to open when the voltage is high.

１１は一端１、他端２間に第２接点９を介して
接続された補助回路、１２，１３，１４は補助回
路１１の直列接続されたダイオード、抵抗、継電
器、１５は継電器１４に並列接続されたコンデン
サであり、継電器１４が常閉接点４を開閉する。 11 is an auxiliary circuit connected between one end 1 and the other end 2 via the second contact 9; 12, 13, and 14 are diodes, resistors, and relays connected in series in the auxiliary circuit 11; 15 is connected in parallel to the relay 14; The relay 14 opens and closes the normally closed contact 4.

つぎに、第５図の動作について説明する。 Next, the operation shown in FIG. 5 will be explained.

両端１，２への交流電源が200V系の高電圧の
場合、切換器１０により両接点８，９が開であ
り、整流器３の全波整流された電力が負荷７に供
給される。 When the AC power supply to both ends 1 and 2 is a high voltage of 200V, both contacts 8 and 9 are opened by the switch 10, and the full-wave rectified power of the rectifier 3 is supplied to the load 7.

つぎに、交流電源が100V系の低電圧の場合、
切換器１０により両接点８，９が閉であり、他端
２と両コンデンサ５，６の接続点が橋絡され、第
６図に示すように、整流器３の２個のダイオード
３′，３″と両コンデンサ５，６により倍電圧整流
回路が構成され、負荷７に電力が供給される。 Next, if the AC power supply is a low voltage of 100V,
Both contacts 8 and 9 are closed by the switch 10, and the connection point between the other end 2 and both capacitors 5 and 6 is bridged, and the two diodes 3' and 3 of the rectifier 3 are connected as shown in FIG. '' and both capacitors 5 and 6 constitute a voltage doubler rectifier circuit, and power is supplied to the load 7.

つぎに、補助回路１１の動作について説明す
る。 Next, the operation of the auxiliary circuit 11 will be explained.

第２接点９が閉の場合、継電器１４には、電源
電圧を抵抗１３と継電器１４の内部抵抗とで分圧
した電圧が印加される。 When the second contact 9 is closed, a voltage obtained by dividing the power supply voltage by the resistor 13 and the internal resistance of the relay 14 is applied to the relay 14 .

このとき、継電器１４の動作電圧を交流電源の
100V（正常時）の場合に非動作、200V（異常切換
時）の場合に動作するよう選択されている。 At this time, the operating voltage of the relay 14 is changed to that of the AC power supply.
It is selected to be inactive at 100V (normal) and to operate at 200V (abnormal switching).

したがつて、交流電源が実際は200Vのところ、
100Vと錯誤により切換器１０を操作して両接点
８，９を閉にした場合、継電器１４が動作し、常
閉接点４が開になり、両コンデンサ５，６への充
電が停止し、回路素子が保護される。 Therefore, even though the AC power supply is actually 200V,
If you operate the switching device 10 and close both contacts 8 and 9 due to a mistaken assumption that the voltage is 100V, the relay 14 will operate, the normally closed contact 4 will open, the charging to both capacitors 5 and 6 will stop, and the circuit will close. The element is protected.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

ところで、電源装置の動作保証範囲が広い場
合、100V系の最高電圧と200V系の最低電圧との
間の範囲に、継電器１４の動作電圧を確実に設定
する必要がある。 By the way, when the guaranteed operation range of the power supply device is wide, it is necessary to reliably set the operating voltage of the relay 14 within the range between the maximum voltage of the 100V system and the minimum voltage of the 200V system.

しかし、継電器１４の動作電圧値は、固有の巻
線抵抗に依存しているためばらつきが大きく、そ
のため、とくに装置の動作保証範囲が広い場合、
汎用の継電器を使用すると誤動作し、回路素子を
保護することができない欠点がある。 However, since the operating voltage value of the relay 14 depends on the inherent winding resistance, there are large variations, and therefore, especially when the guaranteed operation range of the device is wide,
If a general-purpose relay is used, it may malfunction and cannot protect circuit elements.

[Means for solving problems]

この考案は、前記の点に留意してなされたもの
であり、交流電源の一端と整流器の一方の入力端
子との間に接続された常閉接点と、前記整流器の
両出力端子間に直列接続された２個の平滑用コン
デンサと、前記両コンデンサの両端に接続された
負荷と、前記交流電源の他端に接続された前記整
流器の他方の入力端子と、前記両コンデンサの接
続点との間に接続され、高電圧、低電圧の２種の
前記交流電源に対し開閉して切換える切換器とを
備えた電源装置において、前記両コンデンサの両端に接続され直流の基準
電圧と他の電圧とを出力するスイツチング電源
と、前記両コンデンサの両端に接続された２個の
分圧抵抗と、前記基準電圧と前記分圧抵抗の分圧
電圧とを比較する比較器と、前記比較器の出力端
と前記他の電圧の出力端との間に接続され前記常
閉接点を開閉する継電器とを備えた電源装置であ
る。 This invention was made with the above points in mind, and includes a normally closed contact connected between one end of the AC power supply and one input terminal of the rectifier, and a series connection between both output terminals of the rectifier. between two smoothing capacitors, a load connected to both ends of the capacitors, the other input terminal of the rectifier connected to the other end of the AC power supply, and a connection point of the capacitors. In a power supply device equipped with a switching device that is connected to the AC power source and switches between the AC power source of two types, high voltage and low voltage, by opening and closing, the switching device is connected to both ends of the capacitors and connects the DC reference voltage and other voltages. A switching power supply to output, two voltage dividing resistors connected to both ends of the capacitors, a comparator for comparing the reference voltage and the divided voltage of the voltage dividing resistors, and an output terminal of the comparator. The power supply device includes a relay connected between the output terminal of the other voltage and a relay that opens and closes the normally closed contact.

[Effect]

したがつて、この考案によると、スイツチング
電源の基準電圧と分圧抵抗の分圧電圧とが比較さ
れて継電器が作動するため、継電器の動作レベル
が確実になる。 Therefore, according to this invention, the reference voltage of the switching power supply and the divided voltage of the voltage dividing resistor are compared to operate the relay, thereby ensuring the operating level of the relay.

〔Example〕

つぎに、この考案を、その１実施例を示した第
１図とともに詳細に説明する。 Next, this invention will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 1 showing one embodiment thereof.

同図において、第５図と同一のものは同一のも
のを示し、１６は錯誤による切換器の切換え時の
保護回路、１７は両コンデンサ５，６の両端に接
続された保護回路１６のスイツチング電源であ
り、両コンデンサの５，６の平滑直流出力が所定
値を確立する前に第１端子１８から直流の基準電
圧を出力するとともに、第２端子１９から基準電
圧より高い直流電圧を出力する。 In the same figure, the same parts as those in FIG. Before the smoothed DC outputs of both capacitors 5 and 6 reach a predetermined value, a DC reference voltage is output from the first terminal 18, and a DC voltage higher than the reference voltage is output from the second terminal 19.

２０，２１は両コンデンサ５，６の両端に直列
接続された分圧抵抗、２２は演算増幅器などで構
成された比較器であり、一方の入力端子（＋）に
前記基準電圧が入力され、他方の入力端子（−）
に分圧抵抗２０，２１の分圧電圧が入力されてい
る。 20 and 21 are voltage dividing resistors connected in series to both ends of the capacitors 5 and 6, and 22 is a comparator composed of an operational amplifier, etc. The reference voltage is input to one input terminal (+), and the other input terminal (-)
The divided voltages of the voltage dividing resistors 20 and 21 are input to the voltage dividing resistors 20 and 21.

２３は第２端子１９と比較器２２の出力端に接
続された継電器であり、常閉接点４を開閉する。
２４は一方の入力端子と比較器２２の出力端とに
接続された抵抗であり、比較器２２の出力を帰還
し、基準電圧のレベルを２個設けたヒステリシス
にするためのものである。 A relay 23 is connected to the second terminal 19 and the output end of the comparator 22, and opens and closes the normally closed contact 4.
A resistor 24 is connected to one input terminal and the output terminal of the comparator 22, and is used to feed back the output of the comparator 22 and provide hysteresis with two reference voltage levels.

２５，２６，２７は第２端子１９と整流器３の
マイナス出力端との間に直列接続された表示用発
光ダイオード、抵抗および継電器２３の他の常閉
接点である。 Reference numerals 25, 26, and 27 are a display light emitting diode, a resistor, and other normally closed contacts of the relay 23, which are connected in series between the second terminal 19 and the negative output terminal of the rectifier 3.

つぎに、前記実施例の動作を、コンデンサ５，
６の充電電位を示した第２図ａおよび比較器２２
の出力電圧を示した第２図ｂとともに説明する。 Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained below with respect to the capacitor 5,
FIG. 2a showing the charging potential of 6 and comparator 22
This will be explained with reference to FIG. 2b, which shows the output voltage of .

切換器が接点８を閉にした100V系の交流電源
の設定時、および接点８を開にした200V系の設
定時、それぞれの交流電源が整流器３により整流
され、スイツチング電源１７は、両コンデンサ
５，６の充電電位の立上り途中でその出力電圧を
確保する。このとき、分圧抵抗２０，２１の分圧
電圧は第１端子１８の基準電圧より低く、比較器
２２の出力電圧は“１”となつており、継電器２
３は無励磁であり、両常閉接点４，２７は閉の状
態を維持し、負荷７に電力が供給される。 When the switching device is set to a 100V system AC power supply with contact 8 closed, and when it is set to a 200V system with contact 8 open, each AC power supply is rectified by the rectifier 3, and the switching power supply 17 is connected to both capacitors 5. , 6 during the rise of the charging potential. At this time, the divided voltage of the voltage dividing resistors 20 and 21 is lower than the reference voltage of the first terminal 18, the output voltage of the comparator 22 is "1", and the relay 2
3 is non-energized, both normally closed contacts 4 and 27 maintain a closed state, and power is supplied to the load 7.

つぎに、切換器の接点８を閉にした100V系の
設定で、入力が200Vの場合について説明する。 Next, a case where the input is 200V in a 100V system setting with the switch contact 8 closed will be explained.

交流電源が整流器３で整流され、コンデンサ
５，６の充電電位が、第２図ａに示すように、起
動時t₁より上昇していく。 The AC power source is rectified by the rectifier 3, and the charging potential of the capacitors 5 and 6 rises from the start-up time _t1 , as shown in FIG. 2a.

そして、t₂の時点でスイツチング電源１７が動
作を開始する。このとき、第１端子１８の基準電
圧は確保されており、分圧抵抗２０，２１の分圧
電圧は、コンデンサ５，６の充電とともに上昇す
るが、t₂の時点では基準電圧の値より低く、比較
器２２の出力は、第２図ｂに示すように、“１”
になつている。したがつて、継電器２３は無励磁
で常閉接点４は閉のままである。 Then, at time _t2 , the switching power supply 17 starts operating. At this time, the reference voltage of the first terminal 18 is secured, and the divided voltage of the voltage dividing resistors 20 and 21 increases as the capacitors 5 and 6 are charged, but is lower than the reference voltage value at time t ₂ . , the output of the comparator 22 is "1" as shown in FIG.
It's getting old. Therefore, the relay 23 is not energized and the normally closed contact 4 remains closed.

そして、時刻t₃でスイツチング電源１７の動作
は確立する。 Then, the operation of the switching power supply 17 is established at time _t3 .

つぎに、t₄の時点で分圧抵抗２０，２１の分圧
電圧が基準電圧に達すると、比較器２２の出力は
“０”になり、継電器２３がオンとなり、常閉接
点４が開となる。したがつて、コンデンサ５，６
の充電および負荷７への電力の供給が停止する。 Next, at time _t4 , when the divided voltage of the voltage dividing resistors 20 and 21 reaches the reference voltage, the output of the comparator 22 becomes "0", the relay 23 is turned on, and the normally closed contact 4 is opened. Become. Therefore, capacitors 5, 6
Charging and supply of power to the load 7 are stopped.

このとき、比較器２２の出力を基準電圧の入力
する入力端子に抵抗２４を介して帰還し、基準電
圧のレベルを引き下げる。 At this time, the output of the comparator 22 is fed back to the input terminal into which the reference voltage is input via the resistor 24, thereby lowering the level of the reference voltage.

また、コンデンサ５，６は充電の停止とともに
その充電電荷が放出をはじめる。 Furthermore, when the capacitors 5 and 6 stop charging, their charged charges begin to be discharged.

つぎに、時刻t₅において、分圧抵抗２０，２１
の分圧電圧が引き下げられた基準電圧まで低下す
ると比較器２２の出力が“１”となり、継電器２
３がオフとなり、抵抗２４を介して基準電圧のレ
ベルが引き上げられる。 Next, at time _t5 , the voltage dividing resistors 20, 21
When the divided voltage drops to the lowered reference voltage, the output of the comparator 22 becomes "1" and the
3 is turned off, and the level of the reference voltage is raised via the resistor 24.

以上の動作を繰り返えし、発光ダイオード２５
が点滅し、切換器の設定が錯誤であることが判明
する。 Repeat the above operation until the light emitting diode 25
blinks, and it turns out that the setting of the switch is incorrect.

したがつて、継電器２３による常閉接点４の開
により、交流電源の低電圧を入力する設定におい
て、錯誤により高電圧が入力されても、回路素子
を保護することができる。 Therefore, by opening the normally closed contact 4 by the relay 23, the circuit elements can be protected even if a high voltage is input by mistake in a setting where a low voltage of the AC power source is input.

なお、第１図の実施例では、継電器２３により
常閉接点４を直接開にしたが、第３図に示すよう
に、２方向性３端子サイリスタ２８を用い、サイ
リスタ２８のゲートと一端１との間に制御用抵抗
２９と常閉接点４′の直列回路を設けてもよい。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the normally closed contact 4 is directly opened by the relay 23, but as shown in FIG. A series circuit including a control resistor 29 and a normally closed contact 4' may be provided between the two.

また、起動時、コンデンサ５，６に流れる突入
電流によつて整流器３の破損を避けるため、第４
図に示すように、一端１と整流器３との間にサイ
リスタ２８と、常閉接点４″と抵抗３０の直列回
路とを並列に設け、正常時にサイリスタ２８のゲ
ートに検出手段による信号を与えるようにしても
よい。 In addition, in order to avoid damage to the rectifier 3 due to rush current flowing into the capacitors 5 and 6 at startup, a fourth
As shown in the figure, a thyristor 28 and a series circuit of a normally closed contact 4'' and a resistor 30 are provided in parallel between one end 1 and the rectifier 3, and a signal from a detection means is provided to the gate of the thyristor 28 during normal operation. You may also do so.

[Effect of idea]

以上のように、この考案によると、継電器の動
作レベルが確実になり、錯誤により切換器の設定
が異なる場合でも、回路素子を破損することがな
い。 As described above, according to this invention, the operating level of the relay is ensured, and even if the setting of the switch is different due to mistake, the circuit elements will not be damaged.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図ないし第４図はこの考案の電源装置の実
施例を示し、第１図は１実施例の結線図、第２図
はａ，ｂはコンデンサの充電電位、比較器の出力
電位の波形図、第３図および第４図はそれぞれ他
の実施例の一部の結線図、第５図は従来の電源装
置の結線図、第６図は結線説明図である。１……一端、２……他端、３……整流器、４…
…常閉接点、５，６……コンデンサ、７……負
荷、８……接点、１７……スイツチング電源、２
０，２１……分圧抵抗、２２……比較器、２３…
…継電器。 Figures 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the power supply device of this invention, Figure 1 is a wiring diagram of one embodiment, Figure 2 shows a and b the charging potential of the capacitor, and the waveform of the output potential of the comparator. 3 and 4 are partial wiring diagrams of other embodiments, FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram of a conventional power supply device, and FIG. 6 is a wiring diagram. 1... One end, 2... Other end, 3... Rectifier, 4...
... Normally closed contact, 5, 6 ... Capacitor, 7 ... Load, 8 ... Contact, 17 ... Switching power supply, 2
0, 21...Voltage dividing resistor, 22...Comparator, 23...
…relay.

Claims

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A normally closed contact connected between one end of an AC power supply and one input terminal of a rectifier, and two contacts connected in series between both output terminals of the rectifier.
a smoothing capacitor, a load connected to both ends of the capacitors, and a load connected between the other input terminal of the rectifier connected to the other end of the AC power supply and a connection point of the capacitors. , a switching device that opens and closes to switch the two types of AC power sources, high voltage and low voltage, and a switching device that is connected to both ends of the capacitors and outputs a DC reference voltage and another voltage. a power source, two voltage dividing resistors connected to both ends of the capacitors, a comparator for comparing the reference voltage and the divided voltage of the voltage dividing resistors, and a voltage between the output terminal of the comparator and the other voltage dividing resistor. A power supply device comprising: a relay connected between a voltage output terminal and a relay that opens and closes the normally closed contact.