JPH04294128A - 熱硬化性複合材構造の接着方法 - Google Patents

熱硬化性複合材構造の接着方法

Info

Publication number
JPH04294128A
JPH04294128A JP3349009A JP34900991A JPH04294128A JP H04294128 A JPH04294128 A JP H04294128A JP 3349009 A JP3349009 A JP 3349009A JP 34900991 A JP34900991 A JP 34900991A JP H04294128 A JPH04294128 A JP H04294128A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic material
fiber reinforcement
dry fiber
layer
adhesive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP3349009A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gary J Jacaruso
ゲイリー　ジェイ．ジャカルソ
Geoffrey C Davis
ジェフリー　シー．デイヴィス
Allen J Mcintire
アレン　ジェイ．マッキンタイアー
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RTX Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Publication of JPH04294128A publication Critical patent/JPH04294128A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/3448—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip said ribbon, band or strip being perforated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/348—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5021—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3034—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
    • B29C66/7252—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled
    • B29C66/72525—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled comprising honeycomb cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B29C66/73752—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being uncured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
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    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
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    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
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    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
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    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/702—Amorphous
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1153—Temperature change for delamination [e.g., heating during delaminating, etc.]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、熱硬化性複合材構造
の接着方法に関するもので、特に熱可塑性接着剤層を使
用して、一対の熱硬化性複合材構造を接着する方法に関
するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】熱硬化性複合材料は、航空機産業におい
て構造材として広く使用されている。この種の複合材料
は、比較的高強度で軽量な構造を提供する。熱硬化性材
料において高強度の接着を得るためには、現在は機械的
な固定装置と組み合わせたコストの高い方法が採用され
ている。
【０００３】熱硬化性複合材構造を接着するための一つ
の方法は、熱硬化性の接着剤フィルムを接着する面の間
に介装して、接合部を加熱すると同時に加圧する方法で
ある。この処理は、比較的高い熱（２５０゜Ｆ乃至３５
０゜Ｆ）と高い圧力（２５ｐｓｉ．ｍｉｎ）で長時間（
この温度で最低２時間）処理を行わなければならないた
め実際上採用することが出来ない。また、広い範囲を加
熱する場合には、この処理において必要となる熱による
熱膨張が問題となる。これは、局部構造における熱膨張
率の相違によって、構造が冷却されたときに熱歪を生じ
て、変形を生じる可能性もある。熱硬化性接着剤の欠点
は、処理が一度しか行えず、構造の一部が破損した場合
等に再度交換することが出来ない点にある。
【０００４】現在使用されている第二番目の方法は、熱
硬化性複合材構造を、室温で硬化する熱硬化性ペースト
を接合面に塗布して機械的な固定装置と組み合わせて接
着を行うものである。この方法は、接合される部材が予
め接合してパイロット孔を穿設し、これを分解して、清
掃をし、接着の準備を行うことが必要となる。次に、接
着剤が、接合面に塗布され、部材が再組み付けされる。 その後、接着剤が硬化される（通常、室温で約２４時間
）。次の工程で、ドリル孔を穿孔し、これを拡開して各
固定部材をこの孔に挿通して装着する。この方法は、機
械的な固定部材を使用するためコストが高く、多大な労
働力が必要となる欠点を有している。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】また、これらの方法の
変形例においては、熱可塑性接着剤のフィルムを熱硬化
性複合材構造の間に介装される、これらとともに接合す
る方法である。熱可塑性材料は、繰り返し溶融、再硬化
することが出来るので、必要に応じて接着処理を逆に行
って接合された部材を分解することが出来る。しかしな
がら、現在使用されている熱硬化性樹脂は、熱可塑性接
着剤によって十分な強度で化学的に接着することが出来
ず、このため航空機において必要とされる接合強度が得
られない現状にある。したがって、この方法も、未だに
高い接合強度を必要とする部材間の接合には不適なもの
である。
【０００６】そこで、本発明の目的は、熱硬化性複合材
の接合を容易に且つ安価でしかも高い接合強度で行うこ
とが出来る方法を提供することにある。
【０００７】本発明のもう一つの目的は、部分的な損傷
等の必要に応じて接着を解除して、接合されている部材
の交換を可能とする熱硬化性複合材構造の接合方法を提
供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、熱硬化
性複合材構造は、熱可塑性接着剤片を用いて接着される
。これに使用する熱可塑性接着剤片は、適当な熱可塑性
材料の層と、一部を熱可塑性材料に埋設された乾燥繊維
補強材の層と、露出された繊維補強材を被覆する熱硬化
性樹脂で構成される。未硬化状態の熱硬化性複合材構造
の表面が接着剤片を熱硬化性樹脂を複合材構造に向けて
貼着することで準備される。複合材構造は、次いで従来
より周知の手段で硬化される。硬化した後に、熱可塑性
接着片によって被覆された接着面が、相互に加圧接合さ
れ、加熱されて溶融して接合される。この処理の間、隣
接する複合材構造を劣化させることなく熱可塑性樹脂を
溶融させるために十分な熱が局部的に加えられる。接合
部は、複合材構造をヒートシンクとして使用して冷却す
ることが出来る。
【０００９】乾燥繊維補強材の層は、熱可塑性接着剤と
熱硬化性材料の双方に硬化サイクル中に接着されて、熱
硬化性複合材構造を熱可塑性接着剤に機械的に結合させ
る手段を構成する。これによって、二つの部材を接合す
るための化学的接着は不要となる。熱可塑性材料を接着
剤として使用することによって、熱硬化性複合材構造の
補修や交換を行うために容易にかつ迅速に接着を解除す
ることを可能とする。
【００１０】さらに、加熱手段は、二つの熱可塑性接着
剤内に埋め込まれた抵抗加熱要素で構成される加熱片で
形成される。加熱片は、硬化された複合材構造の接着面
間に配置され、接合面が相互に加圧され、熱可塑性材料
の溶融温度よりも高い温度に接合部を加熱するために十
分な電気エネルギが熱可塑性接着剤を溶融するのに十分
な時間加熱片を通して流される。加熱片は接着後接合部
に残留し、これを再加熱することによって接合処理を逆
に行うことによる接着部の分離を便利に行いうる機構と
して使用される。
【００１１】なお、本発明は航空機用の熱硬化性複合材
構造の接着となる特定の用途に関して説明したが、本発
明は、熱硬化性複合材を構造的または非構造的に接合す
る種々の用途において使用可能なものである。
【００１２】本発明の第一の構成によれば、乾燥繊維強
化材の一部を熱可塑性材料に埋め込んで接着片を形成し
、接着片の露出された繊維強化材に熱硬化性樹脂を塗布
し、未硬化の熱硬化性複合構造材に、該未硬化の熱硬化
性複合構造材に乾燥繊維強化材の露出側を向けて前記接
着片を貼着し、前記熱硬化性複合構造材を硬化させるこ
とによって熱硬化性複合構造材を熱可塑性接着片に接着
して接着面を形成し、一対の熱硬化性複合構造材を前記
接着面を対向させて加圧接合させ、前記一対の熱硬化性
複合構造材を、前記接着片の熱可塑性材料が溶融するの
に十分な温度に加熱し、溶融結合した接合部を冷却する
ことを特徴とする熱硬化性複合構造材の接着方法が提供
される。
【００１３】なお、前記熱硬化性複合構造材の接着面間
の接合部を加熱する工程は、前記接着面間に電気抵抗加
熱要素を配置し、前記接着面同士を加圧し、前記加熱要
素に前記接着片の熱可塑性材料の融点よりも高い温度に
加熱するために十分な電気エネルギを、接着片の熱可塑
性材料同士を融着するのに十分な時間供給するように構
成することが出来る。
【００１４】また、前記乾燥繊維強化材を熱可塑性材料
層に埋め込んで前記接着片を形成する工程は、乾燥繊維
強化材を熱可塑性材料層に圧し当て、熱可塑性材料が溶
融するのに十分な熱を加えて、乾燥繊維強化材の一部を
熱可塑性材料層に埋め込むとともに、熱可塑性材料を埋
め込まれた乾燥繊維強化材に融着し、接着片を冷却する
構成にする事が出来る。さらに、前記乾燥繊維強化材を
熱可塑性材料層に埋め込んで前記接着片を形成する工程
は、半結晶熱可塑性材料層とアモルファス状熱可塑性材
料層を密接させ、前記アモルファス状熱可塑性材料層よ
りも厚く形成された乾燥繊維強化材層をアモルファス状
熱可塑性材料層に圧し当て、前記アモルファス状熱可塑
性材料層が溶融するのに十分で、かつ前記半結晶熱可塑
性材料層が溶融しない熱を加え、接着片を冷却するよう
に構成することも可能である。またさらに、前記乾燥繊
維強化材を熱可塑性材料層に埋め込んで前記接着片を形
成する工程は、乾燥繊維強化材繊維と撚成された熱可塑
性繊維を密接させて混合繊維を形成し、前記混合繊維を
乾燥繊維強化材繊維を一側に乾燥繊維強化材のみ存在し
、他側に前記混合繊維が存在するように織成し、織成材
料の前記混合繊維が存在する側を熱可塑性材料層に圧し
当て、熱可塑性材料が溶融するのに十分な熱を加えて前
記織成材料の一部を熱可塑性材料層に埋め込むと同時に
乾燥繊維強化材より熱可塑性材料を融着させ、接着片を
冷却するように構成することも可能である。さらに、前
記乾燥繊維強化材を熱可塑性材料層に埋め込んで前記接
着片を形成する工程は、乾燥繊維強化材繊維と撚成され
た熱可塑性繊維を、一側に専ら乾燥繊維強化材繊維が存
在し、他側に乾燥繊維強化材繊維と熱可塑性繊維が組み
合わせられて存在するように織成し、織成材料の前記乾
燥繊維強化材繊維と熱可塑性繊維が組み合わせられて存
在する側を熱可塑性材料層に圧し当て、熱可塑性材料が
溶融するのに十分な熱を加えて前記織成材料の一部を熱
可塑性材料層に埋め込むと同時に乾燥繊維強化材よ熱可
塑性材料を融着させ、接着片を冷却するように構成する
ことも可能である。
【００１５】本発明の第二の構成によれば、密接して融
着された熱可塑性材料層間に配設される電気抵抗加熱片
と、該加熱片に接続され前記加熱片への電力供給を可能
とするリード線とによって構成する加熱要素が提供され
る。
【００１６】なお、上記の加熱要素には、前記熱可塑性
材料層間に埋設され、温度監視手段として使用される複
数の熱電対を設けることが出来る。この場合、前記電気
抵抗加熱片は、導電性の平板状シート、エッチングされ
た導電性材料、穿孔され、伸延された導電性材料のフォ
イル、型圧しされた導電性材料、導電性材料の蛇行巻線
によって形成することが可能である。
【００１７】本発明の第三の構成によれば、熱可塑性材
料層と、該熱可塑性材料層に一部を埋設した乾燥繊維強
化材層と、該乾燥繊維強化層の前記熱可塑性材料から露
出した部分を被覆する熱硬化性材料層とによって構成し
た一対の熱硬化性複合構造材を接合するための接着片が
提供される。
【００１８】なお、前記熱可塑性材料は、ポリエーテル
エーテスケトンまたはポリエーテルイミドとすることが
出来る。また、好ましくは、前記熱可塑性材料層は、相
互に密接に融着された半結晶熱可塑性材料層とアモルフ
ァス状熱可塑性材料層と、前記アモルファス状熱可塑性
材料層に一部を埋設された乾燥繊維強化材層によって形
成する。この場合、前記半結晶熱可塑性材料はポリエー
テルエーテルケトンとし、前記アモルファス状熱可塑性
材料はポリエーテルイミドとすることが出来る。
【００１９】
【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例を添付図面を参照し
ながら説明する。
【００２０】図１について説明すれば、熱可塑性接着片
１０は、半結晶熱可塑性材料１２の層と、アモルファス
状の熱可塑性材料の層１４、乾燥繊維補強材の層１６及
び熱硬化性樹脂の層１８で構成されている。接着片１０
の大きさは接合する構造材の大きさに応じて変化する。 例えば、半結晶熱可塑性材料層１２の厚さは０．００４
（０．００４”）インチ、アモルファス状熱可塑性材料
層１４の厚さは０．００３（０．００３”）インチ、乾
燥繊維補強材層１６の厚さは０．００６インチ（０．０
０６’）及び熱硬化性樹脂層１８の厚さは乾燥繊維補強
材層を被覆するのに十分な厚さとすることが出来る。
【００２１】接着片の形成は、いくつかの工程で行われ
る。最初に、半結晶熱可塑性材料層１２とアモルファス
熱可塑性材料層１４が、半結晶熱可塑性材料の融点より
も高い温度に加熱し、５乃至２０ｐｓｉの圧力を両層に
加えることによって互いに溶融される。半結晶熱可塑性
材料は、アモルファス状熱可塑性材料よりも高い融点を
有しているので、二つの層は密接に融着される。
【００２２】代表的な半結晶熱可塑性材料は、ポリエー
テルエーテルケトン（ｐｏｌｅｅｔｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｒｋ
ｅｔｏｎｅ：ＰＥＥＫ）であり、この材料の融点は約６
５０゜Ｆである。また、代表的なアモルファス熱可塑性
材料は、ポリエーテルイミド（ｐｏｌｙｅｔｈｅｒｉｍ
ｉｄｅ：ＰＥＩ）であり、この材量の融点は約４８０゜
Ｆである。以下の説明は、これらのＰＥＥＫとＰＥＩを
使用した例について説明する。
【００２３】第二番目の構成では、乾燥繊維補強材層１
６が、５乃至１５ｐｓｉの圧力を加えるとともに、ＰＥ
ＥＫとＰＥＩの重合片にＰＥＩの融点よりも高くかつＰ
ＥＥＫの融点よりも低い熱を加えることによってＰＥＩ
層１４に埋め込まれる。このときに加えられる熱は、Ｐ
ＥＥＫの融点よりも低い温度であるためＰＥＥＫ層１２
は、乾燥繊維補強材層１６がＰＥＩ層１４を越えて侵入
するのを防止するバリア層として機能する。この方法に
よって、ＰＥＩ層の層厚よりも厚い乾燥繊維補強材の一
部が、ＰＥＩ層１４内に埋め込まれ、残りの部分が露出
される。最後に、この乾燥繊維補強材層１６の露出部分
が、熱硬化性樹脂１８によって被覆される。
【００２４】熱可塑性接着片を形成するための他の方法
が図２に示されている。この方法においては、織物状の
熱可塑性片４８が、乾燥繊維強化材の繊維５０と、この
乾燥繊維強化材の繊維と撚成された熱可塑性繊維が混合
された各個の混合繊維５２を織成して乾燥繊維補強材と
撚成された熱可塑性繊維を密接に溶融接合する。織成に
よって、一側に専ら乾燥繊維補強材を含み、他側が乾燥
繊維補強材と熱可塑性繊維の混合繊維で構成された織成
片が形成される。この織成片が、この織成片よりも薄い
熱可塑性材料層５４に前記の他側面で圧接され、熱可塑
性材料を溶融させるのに十分な温度に加熱される。冷却
後に、乾燥繊維補強材が溶融されその一部が熱可塑性材
料内に埋め込まれる。露出されて乾燥繊維補強材部分は
熱硬化性樹脂によって被覆される。
【００２５】熱可塑性接着片を形成するさらに他の方法
（図示せず）は、乾燥繊維補強材の繊維と熱可塑性繊維
を織成して、一側の専ら乾燥繊維補強材を含む層と他側
の乾燥繊維補強材とが混在する層を持つ織成片に形成す
る。前述と同様に、織成片は、この織成片よりも薄い熱
可塑性材料層に、前記の他側面で圧接され、熱可塑性材
料を溶融させるのに十分な熱が加えられる。冷却後に、
乾燥繊維補強材が溶融されその一部が熱可塑性材料内に
埋め込まれる。露出されて乾燥繊維補強材部分は熱硬化
性樹脂によって被覆される。
【００２６】接着片１０は、未硬化状態の熱硬化性複合
構造材１９に接合される。接着片は、熱硬化性樹脂で被
覆された乾燥繊維補強材層１６を複合構造材１９に隣接
して接合される。接着片１０を貼着された複合構造材１
９は、通常熱硬化性複合材によって必要とされる硬化が
行われて、接着面２０を形成する。硬化の間に、熱硬化
性樹脂１８は乾燥繊維補強材に膨潤（含浸）して、乾燥
繊維補強材が熱硬化性複合構造材１９中に固定される。 この方法により、乾燥繊維補強材は、図４に示すように
熱硬化性複合構造材１９と熱可塑性接着片１０の間の機
械的なロックを形成する。
【００２７】図３に関して説明すると、加熱要素２２は
、抵抗加熱片２４で構成され、この抵抗加熱片は、二つ
の熱可塑性接着層２６，２８の間に埋め込まれる。なお
、本実施例において、これらの熱可塑性接着層２６，２
８は、ＰＥＥＫで形成される。抵抗加熱片２４は、一対
のリード線２５，２７に接続される。このリード線２５
，２７には少なくとも一つの熱電対が加熱温度を検出す
るために接続される。加熱要素２２は、抵抗加熱片２４
と、リード線２５，２７及び熱電対２９をで構成され、
ＰＥＥＫ層２６，２８の間に配設される。図示の例にお
いて、抵抗加熱片２４は薄い金属シート材で形成されて
いるが、これは必ずしも金属シートで形成する必要はな
く、導電性のいかなる材料を用いて形成することも可能
である。なお、電気加熱要素の他の例としては、エッチ
ングされたフォイル、穿孔され伸延されたフォイル、型
圧しされた要素、巻線状蛇行線等がある。
【００２８】硬化された一対の複合構造材１９，１９’
は、図４に示すように加熱要素２２を接着片１０，１０
’と、調整された接着面２０，２０’を対向、接合させ
て接着される。接合に使用される圧力は約１０乃至３０
ｐｓｉであり、電気的なエネルギは電源３０から供給さ
れる。接合部は、ＰＥＥＫの溶融温度よりも高い温度に
加熱される。この温度は、接合部における熱可塑性接着
剤の溶融に十分な時間保持される。
【００２９】上記の接着片に関して、接着温度は、ＰＥ
ＥＫの溶融温度（６５０゜Ｆ）よりも高い温度で、約１
分間で昇温し、この温度を１５秒間保持しなければなら
ない。温度の上昇率及び加熱処理の時間は、隣接する複
合構造材１９，１９’の劣化を防止するために接合部と
複合構造材熱交換率に応じて制限される。電気エネルギ
の供給を停止したのち、接合部は接合された複合構造材
をヒートシンクとして使用して冷却することが出来る。 この溶融接合サイクルの全体は約２乃至３分の時間であ
る。
【００３０】ある状態においては、接合部の長さに沿っ
たヒートシンクとして使用可能な局部構造が変化される
。この場合、接着処理過程の接合部の加熱及び冷却を均
一とするために、熱均衡をとる必要がある。
【００３１】冷却期間が終了すると、図５に示すように
構造材が接着される。熱可塑性接着剤３２の種々の層は
、互いに融着し、乾燥繊維補強材１６は熱可塑性接着剤
と熱硬化性複合構造材１９，１９’に埋め込まれ、内部
に保持されて、接合強度を与える。加熱要素２２は、配
設位置に残留し、リード線２５，２７は加熱要素に接続
したままで保持されるので、後日接着された構造材を補
修または交換する際に、接合部を再加熱するために使用
することが出来る。
【００３２】接合された構造材の交換作業は、以下の工
程で行われる。まず、接合部が、加熱要素２２に、電気
エネルギを供給して熱可塑性接着剤が溶融するのに十分
な温度まで加熱する。この処理は、熱可塑性接着剤が溶
融するまで継続され、接合部が分離可能となり、損傷し
た構造材が取外される。次に交換用構造材が取付けられ
る。この交換用構造材は、熱硬化性複合材で形成され、
その表面の接合部には熱可塑性接着剤が配置される（図
４に示す初期の構造と同様）。次に、接合部に配置する
新しい加熱要素が電気エネルギを供給することによって
、構造材を接着する場合に説明した場合と同様に加熱さ
れる。全ての交換作業は、構造材がすでに硬化され、加
熱要素が容易に使用可能であると仮定した場合、数分間
で完了することが出来る。
【００３３】ある種の熱可塑性材料（ＰＥＥＫ及びＰＥ
Ｉ）が図１乃至図５の実施例において特に有用な材料と
して説明されたが、材料の選択はこれに限定されるもの
ではなく、他の材料も本発明の実施のために使用可能で
あることが容易に理解される。さらに、要すれば、本発
明を一種類のみの熱可塑性材料を使用して実施すること
も可能である。なお、この場合においても、乾燥繊維強
化材は、熱可塑性材料から熱硬化性複合構造材に埋め込
まれる一部が露出していることが重要である。
【００３４】なお、本発明は、上記の構成に限定される
ものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の要
旨を逸脱しないで実施される全ての構成を包含するもの
である。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】上記のように、本発明によれば、熱硬化
性複合材の接合を容易に且つ安価でしかも高い接合強度
で行うことが出来る方法が提供される。また、本発明に
よれば、部分的な損傷等の必要に応じて接着を解除して
、接合されている部材の交換を可能とする熱硬化性複合
材構造の接合方法を提供することが出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の熱硬化性複合構造材の接合に使用する
熱可塑性接着片の一例を示す断面図である。
【図２】本発明の熱硬化性複合構造材の接合に使用する
熱可塑性接着片の他の例を示す断面図である。
【図３】本発明の熱硬化性複合構造材の接合に使用する
加熱片の断面図である。
【図４】接着を行うために調整された一対の接合面を接
着する状態を示す断面図である。
【図５】接合後の一対の熱硬化性複合構造材を、接着層
が見えるように一部切り欠いて示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１０　　接着片 １２　　熱可塑性材料層 １４　　熱可塑性材料層 １６　　乾燥繊維強化材層 １８　　熱硬化樹脂層 １９，１９’　　熱硬化性複合構造材 ２２　　加熱要素 ３０　　電源

Claims (20)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】　　乾燥繊維強化材の一部を熱可塑性材料
    に埋め込んで接着片を形成し、接着片の露出された繊維
    強化材に熱硬化性樹脂を塗布し、未硬化の熱硬化性複合
    構造材に、該未硬化の熱硬化性複合構造材に乾燥繊維強
    化材の露出側を向けて前記接着片を貼着し、前記熱硬化
    性複合構造材を硬化させることによって熱硬化性複合構
    造材を熱可塑性接着片に接着して接着面を形成し、一対
    の熱硬化性複合構造材を前記接着面を対向させて加圧接
    合させ、前記一対の熱硬化性複合構造材を、前記接着片
    の熱可塑性材料が溶融するのに十分な温度に加熱し、溶
    融結合した接合部を冷却することを特徴とする熱硬化性
    複合構造材の接着方法。
  2. 【請求項２】　　前記熱硬化性複合構造材の接着面間の
    接合部を加熱する工程が、前記接着面間に電気抵抗加熱
    要素を配置し、前記接着面同士を加圧し、前記加熱要素
    に前記接着片の熱可塑性材料の融点よりも高い温度に加
    熱するために十分な電気エネルギを、接着片の熱可塑性
    材料同士を融着するのに十分な時間供給するように構成
    された請求項１の方法。
  3. 【請求項３】　　前記乾燥繊維強化材を熱可塑性材料層
    に埋め込んで前記接着片を形成する工程は、乾燥繊維強
    化材を熱可塑性材料層に圧し当て、熱可塑性材料が溶融
    するのに十分な熱を加えて、乾燥繊維強化材の一部を熱
    可塑性材料層に埋め込むとともに、熱可塑性材料を埋め
    込まれた乾燥繊維強化材に融着し、接着片を冷却するよ
    うに構成された請求項１の方法。
  4. 【請求項４】　　前記乾燥繊維強化材を熱可塑性材料層
    に埋め込んで前記接着片を形成する工程は、半結晶熱可
    塑性材料層とアモルファス状熱可塑性材料層を密接させ
    、前記アモルファス状熱可塑性材料層よりも厚く形成さ
    れた乾燥繊維強化材層をアモルファス状熱可塑性材料層
    に圧し当て、前記アモルファス状熱可塑性材料層が溶融
    するのに十分で、かつ前記半結晶熱可塑性材料層が溶融
    しない熱を加え、接着片を冷却するように構成した請求
    項１の方法。
  5. 【請求項５】　　前記乾燥繊維強化材を熱可塑性材料層
    に埋め込んで前記接着片を形成する工程は、乾燥繊維強
    化材繊維と撚成された熱可塑性繊維を密接させて混合繊
    維を形成し、前記混合繊維を乾燥繊維強化材繊維を一側
    に乾燥繊維強化材のみ存在し、他側に前記混合繊維が存
    在するように織成し、織成材料の前記混合繊維が存在す
    る側を熱可塑性材料層に圧し当て、熱可塑性材料が溶融
    するのに十分な熱を加えて前記織成材料の一部を熱可塑
    性材料層に埋め込むと同時に乾燥繊維強化材より熱可塑
    性材料を融着させ、接着片を冷却するように構成した請
    求項１の方法。
  6. 【請求項６】　　前記乾燥繊維強化材を熱可塑性材料層
    に埋め込んで前記接着片を形成する工程は、乾燥繊維強
    化材繊維と撚成された熱可塑性繊維を、一側に専ら乾燥
    繊維強化材繊維が存在し、他側に乾燥繊維強化材繊維と
    熱可塑性繊維が組み合わせられて存在するように織成し
    、織成材料の前記乾燥繊維強化材繊維と熱可塑性繊維が
    組み合わせられて存在する側を熱可塑性材料層に圧し当
    て、熱可塑性材料が溶融するのに十分な熱を加えて前記
    織成材料の一部を熱可塑性材料層に埋め込むと同時に乾
    燥繊維強化材より熱可塑性材料を融着させ、接着片を冷
    却するように構成した請求項１の方法。
  7. 【請求項７】　　密接して融着された熱可塑性材料層間
    に配設される電気抵抗加熱片と、該加熱片に接続され前
    記加熱片への電力供給を可能とするリード線とによって
    構成する加熱要素。
  8. 【請求項８】　　前記熱可塑性材料層間に埋設され、温
    度監視手段として使用される複数の熱電対を有する請求
    項７の加熱要素。
  9. 【請求項９】　　前記電気抵抗加熱片は、導電性の平板
    状シートによって形成される請求項７の加熱要素。
  10. 【請求項１０】　　前記電気抵抗加熱片は、エッチング
    された導電性材料で形成される請求項７の加熱要素。
  11. 【請求項１１】　　前記電気抵抗加熱片は、穿孔され、
    伸延された導電性材料のフォイルで形成される請求項７
    の加熱要素。
  12. 【請求項１２】　　前記電気抵抗加熱片は、型圧しされ
    た導電性材料で形成される請求項７の加熱要素。
  13. 【請求項１３】　　導電性材料の蛇行巻線によって形成
    される請求項７の加熱要素。
  14. 【請求項１４】　　熱可塑性材料層と、該熱可塑性材料
    層に一部を埋設した乾燥繊維強化材層と、該乾燥繊維強
    化層の前記熱可塑性材料から露出した部分を被覆する熱
    硬化性材料層とによって構成した一対の熱硬化性複合構
    造材を接合するための接着片。
  15. 【請求項１５】　　前記熱可塑性材料は、ポリエーテル
    エーテルケトンである請求項１４の接着片。
  16. 【請求項１６】　　前記熱可塑性材料は、ポリエーテル
    イミドである請求項１４の接着片。
  17. 【請求項１７】　　前記熱可塑性材料層は、相互に密接
    に融着された半結晶熱可塑性材料層とアモルファス状熱
    可塑性材料層と、前記アモルファス状熱可塑性材料層に
    一部を埋設された乾燥繊維強化材層によって形成された
    ことを特徴とする請求項１４の接着片。
  18. 【請求項１８】　　前記半結晶熱可塑性材料は、ポリエ
    ーテルエーテルケトンである請求項１７の接着片。
  19. 【請求項１９】　　前記アモルファス状熱可塑性材料は
    、ポリエーテルイミドである請求項１７の接着片。
  20. 【請求項２０】　　前記半結晶熱可塑性材料はポリエー
    テルエーテルケトンであり、前記アモルファス状熱可塑
    性材料はポリエーテルイミドである請求項１７の接着片
    。
JP3349009A 1990-12-17 1991-12-06 熱硬化性複合材構造の接着方法 Pending JPH04294128A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US62824590A 1990-12-17 1990-12-17
US628,245 1990-12-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04294128A true JPH04294128A (ja) 1992-10-19

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ID=24518091

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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US (1) US5304269A (ja)
EP (1) EP0491645B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH04294128A (ja)
CA (1) CA2052427A1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69101908T2 (ja)

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JP2009531194A (ja) * 2006-03-28 2009-09-03 シーアールシー フォー アドバンスト コンポジット ストラクチャーズ リミテッド ポリマー複合部材への機能部材の溶着
JP2014515323A (ja) * 2011-05-25 2014-06-30 フォッカー エアロストラクチャーズ ビー．ブイ． 熱硬化性ポリマー部品に熱可塑性ポリマーを接合する方法
JP2016124182A (ja) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 日産自動車株式会社 接着構造体及び接着方法
WO2021199906A1 (ja) 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 東レ株式会社 繊維強化樹脂、一体化成形品および繊維強化樹脂の製造方法

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JP2014515323A (ja) * 2011-05-25 2014-06-30 フォッカー エアロストラクチャーズ ビー．ブイ． 熱硬化性ポリマー部品に熱可塑性ポリマーを接合する方法
JP2016124182A (ja) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 日産自動車株式会社 接着構造体及び接着方法
WO2021199906A1 (ja) 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 東レ株式会社 繊維強化樹脂、一体化成形品および繊維強化樹脂の製造方法

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EP0491645B1 (en) 1994-05-04
DE69101908T2 (de) 1994-09-08

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