JPH0443416Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The invention is installed on a single-rail transport vehicle that runs on a single-rail track laid on a slope in an orchard, etc. while pulling a trolley for loading. This invention relates to a downhill braking device used.

[Prior Art] This type of single-rail transport vehicle includes, for example, a car body having a drive wheel that rides on a rack-shaped single rail so as to be able to run and meshes with the single rail, and an engine mounted on this car body. A self-propelled vehicle is known which is equipped with a transmission that transmits the power of the engine to the drive wheels. The transmission used is one with one speed each in forward and forward directions.

Furthermore, as a safety measure, such single-gauge transport vehicles are required to be equipped with a downhill braking device to prevent excessive speed when going downhill.

However, as a recent downhill braking device,
A brake shaft is configured by extending the intermediate shaft at the rear stage of the switching gear of the transmission to the shaft center of the fixed brake drum,
It is known that this brake shaft is equipped with a centrifugal brake mechanism that can exert a braking action by pressing the brake shoe against a fixed drum using centrifugal force. In addition, the conventional brake mechanism is
When the rotational speed of the brake shaft exceeds a set value, the brake shoe moves in the radial direction of the brake shaft while resisting the biasing force of a return spring and is pressed against the fixed brake drum. The braking force is applied under exactly the same conditions both when moving forward and when moving backward.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] By the way, the most orthodox mode of use of this type of single-rail transport vehicle is the transportation of harvested crops on sloped land. In other words, the harvest from the orchard is
They are collected at a collection point, and from this collection point, they are loaded onto a trolley connected to a single-rail transport vehicle and lowered to a low point where trucks and other vehicles can approach. The unloaded single-rail transport vehicle reverses direction, moves forward, and returns empty to the collection point. The above operations are then repeated. Additionally, harvesting at orchards takes place during the day, and unloading using single-track trucks usually occurs in the evening. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out such unloading work quickly.

However, as described above, conventional single-rail transport vehicles are equipped with a transmission with one forward speed and one reverse speed, and the forward speed and reverse speed are set to be the same. Of course, the speed is determined with safety in mind when the vehicle is full. Therefore, when an empty vehicle moves forward, it will travel at an unnecessarily slow speed. Therefore, work efficiency is poor, and some kind of improvement is desired.

In order to deal with such problems, it is conceivable to use a multi-stage transmission as the transmission so that the forward speed of an empty vehicle is higher than the speed of a full vehicle.
However, if the running speed of the conventional vehicle is increased when the empty vehicle is moving forward, there is a problem in that the above-mentioned downhill braking device is activated during the high-speed forward movement, resulting in heat generation of the brakes and a seizing accident.
In other words, conventional downhill braking devices operate a braking operation when the traveling speed of a single-gauge transport vehicle exceeds a predetermined value that corresponds to the safe speed when the vehicle is full. Due to the structure, the speed when moving forward and when moving backward must be the same. Therefore, if a multi-stage transmission is used to run the empty vehicle at high speed when moving forward, the problem arises that the traveling speed reaches the set speed and the downhill braking device is operated unnecessarily.

The present invention aims to reliably solve the above problems.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following configuration.

That is, the downhill braking device according to the present invention,
The multi-stage transmission is equipped with a multi-stage transmission that can be switched to three stages: high forward speed, low forward speed, and low reverse speed, and the intermediate shaft at the rear stage of the switching gear of the multi-stage transmission is extended to the axial center of the fixed brake drum. A centrifugal brake mechanism for reverse motion, which performs braking when traveling backward, and a centrifugal brake mechanism for forward motion, which performs braking during forward travel, are mounted on the same shaft in parallel on this brake shaft. The centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing includes a rotary core that rotates together with the brake shaft, a rotating arm that is pivotally connected to the rotary core and whose tip extends toward the forward rotation side during reverse travel; A weight provided at the tip of the moving arm, and a brake shoe that is pressed against the fixed brake drum by the centrifugal force acting on this weight.
The weight is equipped with a spring that biases the vehicle in a direction that resists centrifugal force, and the tension of the spring is set to a value that allows braking to be performed at around a safe speed when reversing at low speed down a hill with a full vehicle. ing. Further, the centrifugal brake mechanism for forward movement includes a rotary core that rotates together with the brake shaft, a rotary arm that is pivotally connected to the rotary core and whose tip extends toward the forward rotation side during forward movement, and It is equipped with a weight provided at the tip of a movable arm, a brake shoe that is pressed against a fixed brake drum by centrifugal force acting on the weight, and a spring that biases the weight in a direction that resists the centrifugal force. The tension of the spring is set to a value that allows braking to be performed at a speed slightly higher than the speed when the empty vehicle is moving forward at high speed.

[Function] With this kind of configuration, when going backwards,
When reversing with a full vehicle, the centrifugal force acting on the weight of the centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing overcomes the biasing force of the spring, and the brake shoe is pressed against the fixed brake drum, applying braking to the single-rail transport vehicle. . In addition, when moving forward, the centrifugal force acting on the weight of the centrifugal brake mechanism for forward movement overcomes the biasing force of the spring and the brake shoe is pressed against the fixed brake drum when the speed slightly exceeds the speed when the empty car is moving at high speed. , braking is applied to a single-track transport vehicle.

By doing this, for example, when a full car is reversing down a slope with a load loaded from the collection site, the downhill brake will operate at the conventional speed, and when returning to the collection site empty, the downhill brake will operate at a relatively low speed. It is possible to prevent the downhill brake from operating even when driving at high speed. Therefore, the transmission can be multi-staged to increase the speed when an empty vehicle moves forward without causing a seizure accident of the downhill brake device, and excellent effects as described later can be obtained.

In addition, since both brake mechanisms are mounted on the same brake shaft (same shaft mounting), this downhill braking system can be configured by simply increasing the axial dimension of the brake drum slightly larger than the conventional one. I can do it. Therefore, it is possible to significantly improve the performance as described below without significantly changing the structure or shape compared to the conventional one.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A single-rail transport vehicle 1 and a trolley 2 connected to the single-rail transport vehicle 1 are made to run along a single-rail track 4 laid on a slope 3 of an orchard.

The single-rail transport vehicle 1 has a car body 5 that sits astride the single-rail track 4 so as to be able to run, and the car body 5 includes:
An upper wheel (not shown) that rolls into contact with the upper surface of the single rail 4, a lower wheel (not shown) that rolls into contact with the lower side edge of the single rail, and a rack tooth provided on the lower surface of the single rail 4. A drive wheel 7 that meshes with the drive wheel 6 is pivotally attached. An engine 8 is mounted on the vehicle body 5, and a multi-stage transmission 9 for transmitting the power of the engine 8 to the drive wheels 7 is mounted on one side of the vehicle body 5. This multi-stage transmission 9 is
It is configured so that it can be switched to three stages of forward high speed, forward low speed, and reverse low speed by operating the operating lever 11, and the reduction ratio at the forward low speed position and the reverse low speed position is different from the conventional reduction ratio during forward and backward movement. are set to similar values. The power from the engine 8 is introduced into the multi-stage transmission 9 via a centrifugal clutch (not shown).
A downhill braking device 12 according to the present invention is provided at an intermediate portion of the multi-stage transmission 9.

The downhill braking device 12 includes a brake drum 13 fixed to the outer surface of the casing 9a of the multi-stage transmission 9.
At the same time, the intermediate shaft of the multi-stage transmission 9 (the shaft that is located after the switching gear and always rotates at a constant ratio with the drive wheel 7) is extended to the axial center of the fixed brake drum 13. The extended portion is a brake shaft 14, and a pair of brake mechanisms 15 and 16 are coaxially mounted on this brake shaft 14.

The fixed brake drum 13 has a cylindrical shape having air cooling fins 13a on its outer periphery, and a shaft end cover 17 is removably attached to its open end surface 13b.

One brake mechanism 15 is for backward movement, and includes a rotating core 151 that is attached to the brake shaft 14 via a key 18 and has a pair of parallel locking surfaces 151a, and both ends of this rotating core 151. A pair of rotating arms 153 are pivotally connected to each other via a support shaft 152 and have their tips 153a extending toward the forward rotation side with respect to a specified direction A, which will be described later. A weight 155 having a U-shaped cross section is pivotally connected via a weight 154, and a brake shoe 15 is fixed to the outer periphery of this weight 155.
6, and a spring 157 that urges the rotating arm 153 inward. When a centrifugal force of a certain level or more is not acting on the weight 155, the weight 155 is seated on the locking surface 151a of the rotating core 151, and the brake shoe 156 is separated from the fixed brake drum 13. However, when the rotational speed of the rotating core 151 in the specified direction A exceeds the set value and a large centrifugal force acts on the weight 155, the rotating arm 153 resists the biasing force of the spring 157. The brake shoe 1
56 is the inner peripheral surface 13 of the fixed brake drum 13.
c so that a braking force can be applied to the brake shaft 14. Note that even when the brake shaft 14 and the rotary core 151 are rotating in the opposite direction to the above-mentioned specified direction A, if the rotational speed becomes large, the brake shoe 156 will apparently move to the fixed brake drum due to the same operation. 13 inner peripheral surface 13c
However, at this time, all of the frictional resistance acting on the circumferential surface of the brake shoe 156 acts as a force in the direction of returning the rotating arm 153 inward. , it is not possible to obtain sufficient braking force. That is, this brake mechanism 15 is configured so that it can perform a normal centrifugal braking action only when the brake shaft 14 is rotating in its specified direction A.

The other brake mechanism 16 is for forward movement, and has the same components as the one brake mechanism 15 described above. That is, this brake mechanism 16 includes a rotating core 161 that is attached to the same brake shaft 14 via a key 18 and has a parallel pair of locking surfaces 161a, and a rotating core 161 that is attached to both ends of this rotating core 161 via a support shaft 162. The tip 1
A pair of rotating arms 163 in which the rotating arms 63a extend toward the forward rotation side with respect to the specified direction B, a weight 165 pivotally attached to the tip end 163a of each of these rotating arms 163 via a shaft 164, and this weight. 1
Brake shoe 166 fixed to the outer circumference of 65
and a spring 167 that urges the rotating arm 163 inward. This brake mechanism 16 also operates when the rotational speed of the rotary core in the specified direction B exceeds a set value, and the weight 1
When a large centrifugal force acts on the brake shoe 165, the rotating arm 163 moves outward against the biasing force of the spring 167, and the brake shoe 166
is pressed against the inner circumferential surface 13c of the fixed brake drum 13 to apply a braking force to the brake shaft 14. Note that when the brake shaft 14 and the rotary core 161 are rotating in the opposite direction to the specified direction B, sufficient braking action cannot be obtained for the same reason as described above. That is, this brake mechanism 16 is also configured so that it can perform a normal centrifugal braking action only when the brake shaft 14 is rotating in its specified direction B.

And these pair of centrifugal brake mechanisms 1
5 and 16 are mounted in parallel on the brake shaft 14 with their directions reversed. That is, the prescribed direction A of one brake mechanism 15 corresponds to the backward movement of the single-rail carrier 1, and the prescribed direction B of the other brake mechanism 16 corresponds to the forward movement of the single-rail carrier 1.

Note that the base ends of the springs 157, 167 of each of the brake mechanisms 15, 16 are connected to the rotating core 15.
Bracket 158, 16 attached to 1,161
It is hung on 8. And this bracket 1
58, 168 are fixed at their long holes 158a,
Fixing bolts 159, 169 inserted through 168a
This change can be made by tightening and loosening the springs 157 and 167, and by changing the tension of the springs 157 and 167, the speed at which the centrifugal brake is activated can be adjusted. Thus, one brake mechanism 15 is set to operate at a relatively low speed, and the other brake mechanism 16 is set to operate at a relatively high speed. Specifically, the operation setting speed of the reverse brake mechanism 15 is as before.
It is set to correspond to the safe speed when going down a hill with a full vehicle. The operating speed of the forward brake mechanism 16 is set to a speed slightly higher than the speed when the empty vehicle is moving forward at high speed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When traveling in reverse, the brake shaft 14 rotates in the specified direction A of the brake mechanism 15 for reverse travel. Therefore,
When the reverse speed of the single-rail transport vehicle 1 reaches the set speed of the reverse brake mechanism 15, the brake mechanism 15 is activated to apply a braking force to the brake shaft 14, thereby suppressing an increase in the reverse speed.

During forward movement, the brake shaft 14 rotates in the specified direction B of the forward brake mechanism 16. Therefore,
Even if the forward speed of the single-rail transport vehicle 1 exceeds the speed when the vehicle is full and reaches the specified speed when the vehicle is moving at high speed with an empty vehicle,
Brakes don't work. Then, the brake mechanism 16 is activated and braking is applied only when the vehicle is about to descend a slope or the like and its forward speed exceeds the specified speed for high-speed forward movement with an empty vehicle.

Therefore, when a device having such a configuration is used in the most orthodox manner as shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to dramatically improve work efficiency. In other words, Trotsko 2 at collection point a
With the crops loaded on the vehicle, the shift position of the multi-stage transmission 9 is set to full reverse (reverse low speed), and the single-rail transport vehicle 1 is driven backward. Thereby, the single-rail transport vehicle 1 begins to descend the slope along the single-rail track 4 together with the trolley 2. At this time, as described above, the reverse brake mechanism 15 is operated appropriately, so that the vehicle can safely reach the predetermined low position b at low speed. The load is unloaded at this low position b, and then the multi-stage transmission 9 is set to the empty high speed forward position (high speed forward) and the single rail transport vehicle 1 is started. As a result, the transport vehicle 1 begins to climb the slope at a relatively high speed, following the empty truck 2. In this case, the brake mechanism 15 for reversing does not operate normally because the rotation of the brake shaft 14 is opposite to its specified direction A. Further, the forward brake mechanism 16 also does not operate because the vehicle speed is less than the set value. Therefore, single-rail transport vehicle 1
can easily return to the collection point a without being braked. Therefore, efficiency can be doubled compared to the conventional system, which can only reach the same speed when returning to the collection point a with an empty car as when it is full.

In addition, the types of single-rail transport vehicles that are subject to application are as follows:
It is not limited to the rack type as in the above embodiment,
For example, it may be of a rubber roller type, or of a type in which the pawls of the drive wheels are engaged with holes intermittently drilled in a single rail.

[Effects of the invention] Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, when a full car is reversing down a slope after being loaded from a collection point, the downhill brake operates at the same speed as before; When returning to the single-rail transport vehicle, no substantial braking force will be applied to the single-rail transport vehicle until the speed slightly exceeds the speed when the empty vehicle is moving forward at high speed and the braking action of the forward brake mechanism is exerted.
Therefore, the transmission can be multi-staged to increase the speed when the empty vehicle moves forward, without causing an accident such as seizure of the downhill brake. Therefore, it is desirable to realize operating conditions that match the circumstances of orchards, etc., where products harvested during the day are usually collected at a collection point in the evening and lowered to a required low position using a single-rail transport vehicle. This makes it possible to operate single-rail transport vehicles extremely quickly and safely, dramatically improving work efficiency.

Moreover, since both brake mechanisms are mounted on the same brake shaft, this downhill braking device can be constructed by simply making the axial dimension of the brake drum slightly larger than the conventional one. Therefore, the excellent effect of being able to significantly improve the performance as described above without deteriorating the economical efficiency without making each item large or complicated in structure can be obtained. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a single-rail transport vehicle, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a downhill braking device, and Fig. 3 is a backward movement of the downhill braking device. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the forward braking mechanism of the downhill braking device, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view for explaining how it is used. 1...Single-rail transport vehicle, 9...Multi-stage transmission, 12
... Downhill brake device, 13 ... Fixed brake drum, 14 ... Brake shaft, 15 ... Brake mechanism for backward movement, 16 ... Brake mechanism for forward movement.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] A downhill braking device mounted on a single-rail transport vehicle equipped with a multi-stage transmission capable of switching to three stages: high forward speed, low forward speed, and low reverse speed, said multi-stage transmission The intermediate shaft at the rear stage of the switching gear is extended to the central part of the fixed brake drum to form a brake shaft, and this brake shaft is equipped with a centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing that performs braking when traveling backwards, and a centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing that performs braking when traveling forward. The centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing is mounted on the same shaft in parallel with the centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing, and the centrifugal brake mechanism for reversing includes a rotating core that rotates together with the brake shaft, and a rotating core that is pivotally connected to this rotating core and whose tip part rotates when reversing. A rotating arm extending toward the advancing side, a weight provided at the tip of the rotating arm, a brake shoe that is pressed against a fixed brake drum by the centrifugal force acting on the weight, and a brake shoe that presses the weight against the fixed brake drum by the centrifugal force acting on the weight. The tension of the spring is set to a value that allows braking to be performed near the safe speed when reversing at low speed down a slope with a full vehicle, and the centrifugal type for forward movement is equipped with a spring that biases in the opposite direction. A brake mechanism is provided on a rotary core that rotates together with the brake shaft, a rotary arm that is pivotally connected to the rotary core and has a distal end extending toward a forward rotation side during forward movement, and a distal end of the rotary arm. a brake shoe that is pressed against a fixed brake drum by the centrifugal force acting on the weight; and a spring that biases the weight in a direction that resists the centrifugal force. A descending slope braking device for a single-rail transport vehicle, characterized in that the tension is set to a value that allows braking to be performed at a speed slightly higher than the speed when an empty vehicle is moving forward at high speed.