JPH0649457B2 - Unpowered vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a so-called non-powered vehicle such as a Toro, a wheelbarrow, a baby carriage, a sleeper, etc., which is not provided with a drive means such as an engine or a motor.

(Prior Art) As this type of non-powered vehicle, for example, the one described in the microfilm of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 60-40083 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 61-155262) is known.

This conventional device has an acceleration preventing means that is driven by the rotational force of the wheels and has a braking action in proportion to the vehicle speed.

In addition, Japanese Patent No. 10970 describes that in an unpowered vehicle,
A device provided with a direction control means composed of a claw and a ratchet wheel is disclosed.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) A combination of the one having the acceleration prevention means and the one having the direction control means prevents the unpowered vehicle from running, and either forward or reverse. It is possible to surely stop traveling to.

However, the conventional direction control means can only stop the movement in one direction, and cannot stop both the forward movement and the backward movement at the same time.

Therefore, it is effective when parking on slopes or slopes,
When parking on a flat surface, it was not very useful as a parking brake.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an unpowered vehicle having a direction control means capable of stopping forward movement, reverse movement, and both movements.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following means.

That is, a feature of the present invention according to claim 1 is that in an unpowered vehicle in which a vehicle body is provided with wheels pivotally supported via an axle, the vehicle body is driven by the rotational force of the wheels, Acceleration prevention means for braking in proportion to the vehicle speed is provided, and direction control means is provided, and the direction control means engages with and disengages from the ratchet wheel interlocked with the wheel. And a pawl for preventing the wheel from rotating in the reverse direction, a pawl for releasably engaging the ratchet wheel to prevent the wheel from rotating in the forward direction, and one of these pawls engaged with the ratchet wheel. 3. The cormorant according to claim 2, further comprising: engagement / disengagement operation means for controlling forward / reverse rotation of the wheel, and simultaneously engaging both pawls with the ratchet wheel to stop the rotation of the wheel. To characterize Days, in the invention of claim 1, wherein said pair of pawls are disposed on both sides of the rotation axis of the ratchet wheel, the engaging operating means,
It has an elastic member for urging each of the pawls so that the pair of pawls are simultaneously engaged with the ratchet wheel, and a slider for engaging one of the pawls to release the engagement with the ratchet wheel. .

The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 2, the acceleration prevention means has a speed adjusting mechanism for increasing a braking force in accordance with an increase in the number of revolutions. The mechanism is that it has a braking rotation shaft to which the power of rotation at a higher speed than that of the wheel is transmitted from the wheel through the direction control means and the speed increasing mechanism.

The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 3, the speed control mechanism is provided in parallel with the braking rotation shaft so as to rotate together with the braking rotation shaft, and Four support shafts arranged symmetrically and close to the diameter line of the braking rotation shaft, and four pendulums pivotably supported by the support shaft and contacting the inner surface of the fixed brake drum. , A return spring interposed between the pendulums arranged via the line of symmetry.

(Operation) According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, when the vehicle speed increases, the braking force is generated by the acceleration preventing means in proportion to the vehicle speed,
An unpowered vehicle will never go faster than a certain speed.

Further, when stopping on a slope, the direction control means stops the forward or backward movement. When stopping on a flat ground, the directional control means stops both forward and backward movements.

According to the second aspect of the invention, when the slider does not engage with any of the pair of claws, each claw engages with the ratchet wheel by the elastic member, and both the forward movement and the backward movement are stopped. When the slider engages with one of the claws to release the engagement with the ratchet wheel, the movement on the released side is allowed, and the movement on the side not yet released is stopped.
That is, either the forward movement or the backward movement is stopped.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the acceleration preventing means is configured to perform braking on the high speed side through the speed increasing mechanism, so that it is more efficient than braking on the low speed side.

According to the invention described in claim 4, since the speed control mechanism has four pendulums that rotate together with the braking rotation shaft and come into contact with the inner surface of the fixed brake drum, in both forward and reverse rotations. Demonstrate the same braking force.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on drawing.

1 to 11 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a light-weight trolley, and the light-weight trolley 1 includes a vehicle body 2, an axle 4 rotatably supported by the vehicle body 2 via a rotatory support 3, and wheels 5. And the direction control means 6
And a wind-up type power transmission device 7 for transmitting a rotational force from the axle 4 to the direction control means 6, an acceleration prevention means 8 and a manual brake 9. The direction control means 6 and the acceleration prevention means 8 are provided on the vehicle body. 2 is attached to the lower surface.

The vehicle body 2 is divided into two in the front and rear so that it can be folded, the upper side is connected by a hinge 10, the fixing metal fitting 11 is fixed on the lower side, and the vehicle body 2 is connected and fixed by a detachable fixing pin 12.

A sprocket 13 on the driving side is fixed to one of the axles 4, and a chain 16 is wound between the sprocket 13 and a sprocket 15 on the driven side fixed to the end of the direction control shaft 14 of the direction control means 6. The sprocket wheels 13 and 15 and the chain 16 constitute the winding type power transmission device 7.

A gear transmission mechanism can be adopted as a means for transmitting the rotational force of the wheel 5 to the direction control means 6, but the axle 4 is often bent conventionally, and power cannot be transmitted smoothly. Therefore, the wrap-around type is preferable because it enables reliable and smooth power transmission.

The direction control means 6 includes a direction control shaft 14 axially supported by a speed increasing gear box 18 supporting a speed increasing mechanism 17 via a bearing 19 with a seal, and an end of the shaft 14 opposite to the sprocket 15. Ratchet wheel 20 adhered to and the ratchet wheel 20
Claws 21 and 22 locked to, and support shafts 23 and 24 of the claws 21 and 22,
It comprises a coil spring 25 for urging the pawls 21, 22 in a locking direction, collars 26, 27, pawl stoppers 28, 29, pawl engagement / disengagement operation means 30 and a casing 31.

As shown in FIG. 5, the ratchet wheel 20 has square teeth.
20A is provided so that both the claws 21 and 22 are locked to the square tooth 20A when rotating in both neutral and forward and reverse directions.

The claws 21 and 22 are located between the casing 31 fixed to the side surface of the gear box 18 and the side surface of the gear box 18, above the ratchet wheel 20, in parallel with the shaft 14, and at symmetrical positions. The support shafts 23 and 24 are rotatably supported, and are rotatably supported so that their toes are positioned below. The levers 32 for engaging and disengaging the pawls are provided on the opposite side (upper side) to the toes of the pawls 21 and 22. , 33 are projected respectively.

The support shafts 23 and 24 are located on both sides of the claws 21 and 22 and have collars 26 and 2 respectively.
7 are fitted on the outside, and the coil springs 25 in the form of glasses are fitted on the reduced diameter portions of the outer collars 26, 27. Further, both ends 25A and 25B of the coil spring 25 are respectively extended outward and bent toward the upper sides of the claws 21 and 22, and are abutted on the opposite outer surfaces of the claws 21 and 22, and are always claws. 21,22
The teeth 20A of the ratchet wheel 20 by urging the
It is surely locked to.

The claw stoppers 28, 29 are rod-shaped, and are axially mounted between the side surface of the gear box 18 and the casing 31 in parallel with the support shafts 23, 24 and located on the outer lower side, respectively. ,twenty two
Is prevented from rising upward, and even if the coil spring 25 is broken, the toes are engaged with the square teeth 20A of the ratchet wheel 20 by the weight of the claws 21 and 22.

The pawl engagement / disengagement operating means 30 includes a strip plate-shaped slider 36 having holes 34, 35 into which the levers 32, 33 of the pawls 21, 22 are fitted, and an operating rod 37 connected to the outer end of the slider 36. A bracket 39 having a shaft support tube 38 fixed to the outer surface of the vehicle body 2, and a drive shaft
40, a direction switching lever 41 and an operating arm 42 fixed to the end of the shaft 40, a connecting fitting 43, and a lever positioning lock mechanism
It consists of 44 and.

The slider 36 is located between the lower surface of the mounting base 18A of the gear box 18 and the collars 26, 27, and the collar 26,
It is designed to slide on top of 27.

The other end of the operation rod 37 is penetrated by the L-shaped connecting fitting 43 and fixed by a nut 45. The connecting fitting 43 and the operating arm 42 are bolted via a bush 46. Connected by 47.

The bracket 39 is fixed to the vehicle body 2 with a bolt 49 via a seat plate 48.

The switching lever 42 has a lock pin hole 50, and a lock pin 51 can be inserted into and removed from it.

The lever positioning lock mechanism 44 includes the bracket 39.
A lock pin mounting member 53 fixed by a bolt 52 so as to cover the lever 41, and the mounting member 53.
A pin support cylinder 54 fixed in a penetrating manner to the lock pin 51, the lock pin 51 inserted in the cylinder 54, a coil spring 55 for urging the lock pin 51 toward the switching lever 41, and an outer portion of the lock pin 51. It is composed of a lock operation handle 56 fixed to the end.

Then, the state in which the lock pin 51 is fitted into the lock pin hole 50 of the switching lever 41 is neutral, both the pawls 21 and 22 are locked to the square teeth 20A of the ratchet wheel 20, and the ratchet wheel 20 does not rotate. Thus, that is, the wheels 5 are controlled so as not to rotate in either direction. Further, when the switching lever 41 is located on either the left or right side of the lock pin 51, either one of the pawls 21 and 22 does not engage with the square tooth 20A of the ratchet wheel 20 in the reverse or forward state, and the wheel 5 Rotate only in one direction, that is, in the forward or reverse direction.

The speed-increasing mechanism 17 is an input gear 57 fixed so as to be located in the gear box 18 of the direction control shaft 14, an intermediate shaft 59 axially supported by the gear box 18 via a bearing 58 with a seal, It has a transmission small diameter gear 60 fixed to the shaft 59 and meshed with the input gear 57, and a transmission large gear 61 fixed to the intermediate shaft 59 together with the small diameter gear 60.
And an output small diameter gear 63 that is fixed to the end of the braking rotary shaft 62 that constitutes one of the acceleration preventing means 8 and that meshes with the transmission large gear 61 on the intermediate shaft 59. It is supposed to speed up.

Further, the acceleration preventing means 8 is axially supported by a brake drum 64 fixed to the central side wall surface of the vehicle body 2 of the gear box 18 and the shaft center of the brake drum 64 via sealed bearings 65, 65. The control rotation shaft 62, reel-like pendulum mounting wheels 66, 67 fixed to the shaft 62, and a speed control mechanism rotatably mounted on the wheel 66 by supporting shafts 68, 69, 70, 71. 8A substantially fan-shaped pendulums 72, 73, 74, 75, coil-shaped return springs 76, 77 fitted between the pendulums 72 to 75 on the pivot side, and pendulums 72 to 7
It is composed of shoes 78, 79, 80, 81 fitted on the outer periphery of 5, so that a braking action proportional to the vehicle speed works.

The pendulums 72 to 75 are provided with collars 66A, 66 of the mounting wheel 66.
It is located between B and is attached to both flanges 66A and 66B via support shafts 68 to 71. Forward and reverse gears are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. I am configuring.

In addition, the pendulum mounting wheels 66, 67 are provided with two in the illustrated example, and one mounting wheel 67 does not have a pendulum, but a strong acceleration limit, such as when the weight of the lightweight trolley 1 is large, If it is necessary to increase the braking force, the pendulum may be attached similarly to the pendulum attachment wheel 66.

According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, by operating the direction switching lever 41 and locking it by the lock mechanism 44, it is possible to set the light-weighted toro 1 to the forward, backward, and neutral (stopped) states, and manually when stopped. By using together with the brake 9,
Double stop braking is possible, and when the backward movement is locked on the uphill slope and the pushing motion is stopped, the light flight toro 1 does not move backward and the escape is prevented.

Further, when the vehicle is descending, the rotational force of the wheels 5 causes the axles 4,
The power is transmitted to the pendulums 72 to 75 via the power transmission device 7, the speed increasing mechanism 17, the output small diameter gear 63, the braking rotary shaft 62, etc.
The centrifugal force associated with the rotation of the wheel acts on the brake drum 64 via the shoes 78 to 81, a braking force is generated, and the rotation of the wheel 5 is braked. This braking force increases in proportion to the number of rotations of the wheels 5, that is, the traveling speed of the light flight Toro 1, so that the traveling speed of the light flight Toro 1 does not reach a certain level (for example, 5 km / H), that is, acceleration does not occur, On the contrary, unlike the emergency stop device, it does not stop suddenly on the way down the slope,
It is extremely safe.

In the above embodiment, since the lock mechanism 44 of the switching lever 41 is used as the direction control means 6, the switching lever 41 does not move unless the lock is released, and the direction is hit by an object during work. Since there is no risk of switching, work can be performed safely.

Further, in the above embodiment, since the pendulums 72 to 75 are constituted by the leading and trailing methods, the forward movement,
The same performance can be achieved when traveling in either reverse direction.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the connecting means between the slider 36 and the operating rod 37, which is located on both sides of the connecting portion 36A of the slider 36, and the coil springs 82, 83 are fitted on the operating rod 37. , A buffering effect is generated, and smooth transmission operation can be performed. Incidentally, 84 and 85 are spring washers, and 86 and 87 are locking pins.

FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show another embodiment of the ratchet mechanism of the direction control means 6, which is provided with ratchet wheels 201 and 202 for forward and backward movements, respectively, and the pawls 21 and 22 are individually locked. The operation and effect are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment.

In the present invention, the direction control means 6 and the acceleration prevention means 8 can be provided so as to be operated from separate axles 4 via a transmission mechanism.

Further, in the above embodiment, the speed increasing mechanism 17 is adopted in order to operate the acceleration preventing means 8 stably, but this can be omitted when the rotation speed of the wheel 5 is large, and the axle can be omitted. 4, the acceleration preventing means 8 can be directly operated via the winding type transmission mechanism, and the acceleration preventing means 8 can be provided coaxially with the axle 4.
It can also be provided in the wheel 5.

The acceleration preventing means 8 can be configured by a combination of a generator utilizing the rotation of the axle 4 and an electric or electromagnetic brake, and further configured by a combination of a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic brake utilizing the rotation of the axle 4. It is also possible to use a disc brake.

In the above embodiment, the acceleration preventing means 8 may be provided on the outer end side of the vehicle body 2 opposite to the position shown in the drawings of the embodiment, and the vehicle body 2 may be an integral one rather than a split type. .

FIG. 15 shows the one provided with the direction control means 6 and the acceleration prevention means 8 which are driven by the rotational force of the wheels 89 of the baby carriage 88. In addition, 90 is an axle and 91 is a caster.

FIG. 16 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a bed car 92 used in a hospital or the like, and is provided with a direction control means 6 and an acceleration prevention means 8 which are driven by the rotational force of wheels 93. Incidentally, 94 is an axle and 95 is a caster.

Also in the baby carriage 88 and the sleeper 92, the same effect as that of the above-mentioned light-weight toro 1 can be expected.

(Effect of the invention) According to the present invention described in claim 1, since the direction control means can stop the forward movement, the backward movement and both movements, it is excellent in safety.

According to the second aspect of the invention, it is possible to stop the forward movement, the backward movement, and both movements with a simple structure.

According to the invention described in claim 3, since the acceleration preventing means is configured to brake on the high speed side through the speed increasing mechanism, the efficiency is higher than that on the low speed side.

According to the invention of claim 4, the structure is simple and reliable,
The same braking force can be exerted in both forward and reverse rotations.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 to 14 show the present invention applied to a light-weight trouro. FIG. 1 is an overall side view, FIG. 2 is the same bottom view, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the slider, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 3, and FIG.
FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway front view of the pawl engaging / disengaging operation means, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a partially omitted sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 9, and FIG. Is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing another example of the connecting structure of the slider and the operating rod, FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway side view showing another example of the ratchet wheel of the direction control means, and FIG. 14 is a plan view of the ratchet wheel. FIG. 15 is a schematic side view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a baby carriage, and FIG. 16 is a schematic side view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a sleeper car. 2 ... Body, 4 ... Axle, 5 ... Wheel, 6 ... Direction control means, 7 ... Winding type power transmission device, 8 ... Acceleration prevention means, 8A ... Speed control mechanism, 17 ... Adjustment Speed mechanism, 20 …… ratchet wheel, 21,22 …… pawl, 30 …… pawl engagement / disengagement operation means, 62…
… Rotation axis, 64 …… Brake drum, 72-75 …… Pendulum.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A non-powered vehicle having a vehicle body (2) having wheels (5) pivotally supported via an axle (4), wherein the vehicle body (2) has a rotational force of the wheels (5). Is provided with an acceleration preventing means (8) for braking in proportion to the vehicle speed, and with a direction control means (6), the direction control means (6) being linked to the wheels (5). Ratchet wheel (20) and a pawl (21) that engages with the ratchet wheel (20) in a disengageable manner to prevent the wheel (5) from reversing.
A pawl (22) for releasably engaging the ratchet wheel (20) to prevent forward rotation of the wheel (5), and these pawls (21) (2
One of the two (2) is engaged with the ratchet wheel (20) to control the forward and reverse rotation of the wheel (5), and both claws (2
(1) A non-powered vehicle comprising: (22) an engaging / disengaging operation means (30) for simultaneously engaging the ratchet wheel (20) to stop the rotation of the wheels (5). 2. The pair of claws (21) (22) are arranged on both sides of the rotation shaft (14) of the ratchet wheel (20), and the engagement / disengagement operation means (30) includes the pair of claws (21) (22). The elastic member (25) for urging each pawl (21) (22) to simultaneously engage the pawls (21) (22) of the pawl (21) (22) with one of the pawls (21 or 22). The non-powered vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a slider (36) which is engaged to release the engagement with the ratchet wheel (20). 3. The acceleration preventing means (8) has a speed control mechanism (8A) whose braking force increases in accordance with an increase in the number of revolutions, and the speed control mechanism (8A) includes the wheel (5). From the wheel (5) through the direction control means (6) and the speed increasing mechanism (17), the braking rotary shaft (62) to which the power of rotation is transmitted. An unpowered vehicle according to item 2. 4. The speed control mechanism (8A) is provided with the braking rotary shaft (62).
Four support shafts (68) (which are provided in parallel with the braking rotation shaft (62) so as to rotate together and are arranged symmetrically and close to the diameter line of the braking rotation shaft (62) ( 69) (79) (71),
Four pendulums (7) pivotally supported by the support shafts (68) (69) (79) (71) and contacting the inner surface of the fixed brake drum (64).
2. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: 2) (73) (74) (75); and return springs (76) (77) interposed between the pendulums arranged via the line of symmetry. Non-powered vehicle described.