JPH0444524A - Built-in type concrete basement - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote work efficiency in a construction site by arranging the second concrete units between the first concrete units, and binding side plates and bottom plates of adjacent concrete units to each other to construct the perimeter of a basement. CONSTITUTION:The first concrete units 10 are installed in positions of four corners of a basement to bind second concrete units 11A and 11B to them. A concrete floor board 12 is mounted on the foundation and is bound to complete the floor section of a basement body 1. Precast concrete panels 2a are erected on the floor section of the basement body 1, and the execution of partition panels 2 is made. After that, beams 13 are built on the upper ends of side walls of the basement body 1 and the upper ends of the partition 2 to complete the main section of the basement. In addition, grouting is made between the floor section and foundation of the basement body 1, and finally finishing, etc., of the inside of the basement are carried out.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

"Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to a prefabricated concrete basement suitable as a basement of a house, and in particular, it includes a rectangular box-shaped basement body with an open top surface, and a basement body arranged inside the basement body. This invention relates to a basement consisting of partition walls that partition the interior of a basement, on which a building such as a house or the like is placed. ``Prior Art'' As the housing situation has worsened in recent years, basements have been installed in ordinary houses as well. Traditionally, the basements of houses were often configured as underground storage, so the structure was also made up of, for example, container-shaped capsules.
It was installed in a hole dug in the ground via an anchor bolt, and then the hole was backfilled.
reference). However, since the basement of this type of configuration functions as an underground storage, the overall internal size is small and does not fully satisfy the functions required as a living room in a house. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a trend to make basements made of concrete and make the entire room larger. Such reinforced concrete basements are generally constructed using cast-in-place concrete, for example. First, use a power shovel or the like to excavate a bit wider than the basement site, then spread gravel at the bottom of the excavation, and pour concrete on top of the gravel. So-called foundation concrete construction will be carried out. Then, the floor reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern, and concrete is poured onto the floor reinforcing bars. At this time, protruding bars connected to the side wall reinforcing bars protrude from the surface of the concrete at the positions where the side walls will be erected. Set it up so that it does. Next, after the concrete on the floor hardens, the vertical reinforcements of the sidewalls are connected to the protruding reinforcements protruding at predetermined positions, and the horizontal reinforcements are connected to these vertical reinforcements of the sidewalls, and the reinforcements of the sidewalls are constructed. Next, formwork was assembled on both sides of the constructed side wall reinforcing bars,
Concrete will be poured inside and the side walls will be constructed. After the concrete for the side walls has hardened, the formwork is dismantled and the space outside the side walls is filled in to complete the construction. ``Problem to be solved by the invention'' However, in the conventional basement technology, the construction work involves pouring concrete on site, so
There were drawbacks such as poor work efficiency on site and a long construction period. Moreover, in construction work using cast-in-place concrete, when building side walls, it is necessary to provide space for assembling formwork on both sides of the side wall reinforcing bars, and the ground must be dug wider than the construction area. There were problems such as high cost. Therefore, as a result of intensive research to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention found that if the entire basement is constructed by joining precast concrete units, work efficiency on site will be improved, and the basement can be constructed by simply installing the units. They came up with the idea that the area required for excavation would be small because this would result in the formation of However, simply dividing the inside of the basement into precast concrete units leaves problems to be solved, such as the units themselves becoming larger and the types of units increasing. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to make it possible to form a basement using a small number of precast concrete units, thereby improving work efficiency on site. The object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated concrete basement that can reduce construction costs. "Means for Solving the Problems" In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rectangular box-shaped basement body with an open top, and a partition wall disposed inside the basement body to partition the inside of the basement body. and on which a building constituting a house or the like is placed, wherein the main body of the basement is located at a corner of the basement and side plate parts are attached to two adjacent edges of the bottom plate part. and a second concrete unit arranged between the first concrete unit located at the corner of the basement and having a side plate section erected on the edge of the bottom plate section.
a concrete unit, a plurality of flat concrete floor plates that are laid out on the base on which the basement is to be placed and constitute the floor of the basement main body, and a concrete floor plate that is placed on the side panels and partition walls of the concrete unit. It is characterized by being constructed from a precast concrete beam section. "Function J" According to the prefabricated concrete basement with the above configuration, the first concrete unit with the side panels erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom panel is located at the corner of the basement, and these first concrete units A basement perimeter can be built by lining up a second L-shaped concrete unit between the units and interconnecting the side and bottom plates of adjacent concrete units, and then attaching the concrete floor plate to the base. By laying out the basement, the main body of the basement can be constructed, making the construction work on site more efficient.Also, in the present invention, a partition wall is erected inside the basement, By spanning the side panels of the concrete unit and the upper ends of the partition walls with precast concrete beams, it is possible to partition the inside of the basement and place a building such as a house on top of it.
It becomes possible to omit the construction of a house foundation. "Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. In these figures, reference numeral G indicates a basement according to the present invention, and this basement G includes a rectangular box-shaped basement main body 1 with an open top surface, and a basement main body 1 arranged inside the basement main body 1 so as to reveal the inside of the basement main body 1. The basic structure is mainly composed of a partition wall 2, and a building H constituting a house or the like is placed on top of the basement main body 1 and partition wall 2. The basement main body 1 includes a first concrete unit lO located at the four corners of the basement and having side plates 10b and 10c erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate 10a, and concrete unit 1
0 and the side plate portion 11 is arranged at the edge of the bottom plate portion 11a.
The second concrete units IIA and Il were erected with b.
The surrounding area is formed by B, and the basement G
The floor is made up of flat concrete floor plates 12 laid out in rows on the base on which the concrete units 1O111A, IIB are placed, and the side plates 10b, 10c, llb of the concrete units 1O111A, IIB and the tops of the partition walls 2. A precast concrete beam portion 13 is spanned over the building H on which the building H is placed. Concrete unit 10.1 constituting basement main body 1
To explain specifically about 1A and 11B, these concrete units 10, IIA, and 11B are each manufactured in a predetermined shape and size in a factory in advance, and among these concrete units 10 and 11A111B, the first concrete unit 10 is In the embodiment, the four corner sections of the basement are formed, and a plurality of second concrete units llA1 lIB are connected to each other to form the central side wall of the basement. In addition, these concrete units 10. IIA. Of course, a joint material is applied to the end face of 11B to ensure sufficient watertightness for the concrete units 10, IIA, and IIB. In the embodiment, the first concrete unit 10
a bottom plate portion 10a having an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction of the basement;
It is mainly composed of a wide side plate part 10b and a small side plate part 10c, which are erected on two adjacent sides of the bottom plate part 10a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, joint hardware 22 having a structure that is fastened with bolts and nuts 20, 21 is embedded in the joint end surfaces of the bottom plate portion 10a and side plate portions Job, 10c, respectively, and This allows the units to be joined together even more firmly. Note that, in addition to the joint hardware 22, an insert 2 may be installed in the bottom plate portion 10a of the concrete unit 10 as needed.
A recess 24 is formed in which the concrete unit 3 is buried, and the adjacent concrete unit 1 is connected to the adjacent concrete unit 1 through a connecting hardware 30 for connecting the unit, which is bolted to the insert 23 buried in the recess 24.
0 can be fixed (see Figures 5 and 6). Moreover, FIG. 7 shows a connection structure between the side plate parts 10b, 10c and the beam part 13, and the beam part 13 is connected to the side plate parts 10b, 10c.
It is fixed by screwing a long bolt 16 passing through the beam portion 13 into an insert 26 buried in the upper end of the beam. In the illustrated example, the long bolt 16 has a shaft body 16a formed with a male thread, and a fixing plate 1 on the top of the shaft body 16a.
The main body is a nut 16C that is screwed together via a nut 6b. Next, to explain the second concrete units IIA and 11B, the concrete unit IIA, which constitutes the side wall section along the longitudinal direction of the basement, has the width of the side plate section 11b larger than that of the other concrete unit IIB, and also The basic structure is such that the bottom plate portion 11a is shorter than the other concrete unit IIB. More specifically, the bottom plate portion 11a of the concrete unit IIA is the same as the bottom plate portion 1 of the first concrete unit 10.
The bottom plate portion 11a of the concrete unit IIB is formed to match the length dimension of the bottom plate portion lOa of the first concrete unit 10. In addition, even in these concrete units IIA and 11B, water-tightness is ensured by interposing a water-stop joint material on the joint surfaces of the units (i.e., the end surfaces of the bottom plate and side plates). and concrete unit IIA. 11B are integrated by bolts 20 and nuts 21 via fittings 22 buried in the end faces of the units as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and are also spanned over the upper ends of the side walls. The point that it is fixed by a beam part 13 made of precast concrete is the same as that of the concrete unit 10 described above. On the other hand, each side plate portion 11b of the blocks IIA and IIB,
An insert 26 for screwing in the long bolt 16 that fixes the beam part 13 is also buried in the upper end of the llc, and the bottom plate part 1
A recess 24 is formed in 1a, in which an insert 23 for fixing the connecting hardware 30 is buried, if necessary. The concrete floor plate 12 constituting the floor of the basement main body 1 has a rectangular shape whose width and length correspond to the width and length of the bottom plate of the concrete units 10, IIA, and IIB, respectively. The concrete floor plates 12 are fixed to each other via joint metal fittings 22 configured to be connected by bolts and nuts. Now, the first and second concrete units 10, I
Explaining the precast concrete beam section 13 that spans the upper ends of IA and IIB, it is formed of concrete into a rectangular column shape and connected in the longitudinal direction to the upper ends of the concrete units 10 and 11A111B and the upper ends of the partition walls 2. It also supports the first floor panel of the upper building (a house in the illustrated example) H. The partition wall 2 is formed in advance at a factory by standing a plurality of flat precast concrete panels 2a on a bottom plate and connecting them in the surface direction of the panels. The precast concrete panels 2a constituting the partition wall 2 may be erected by, for example, anchor bolts protruding from the bottom plate of the basement main body 1, or joint hardware. The connection means may be implemented through joint metal fittings connected by bolts and nuts. By the way, as for the house H, for example, a unitized floor panel is laid on the beam part 13, and the wall panel 1i, the floor panel of the second floor, and the wall panel of the second floor are assembled thereon.
Furthermore, the structure of the house is not limited to these, but it can be constructed using conventional construction methods. It may be a property, a unit house, etc. In addition, in the case of a house constructed using each of the panel construction methods described above, the connection between the house and the beam is achieved by, for example, providing an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the beam, and attaching panels such as walls and floors via the anchor bolt. All you have to do is integrate them. Next, the construction method and operation of the concrete prefabricated basement constructed in this way will be explained. First, each precast concrete unit 10, IIA, and IIB constituting the basement main body 1 is manufactured at a factory.
It is formed in advance by integrally pouring concrete or the like into a certain size and shape. Then, these units are transported to the work site by truck, and at this time, the basement main body l is connected to the first concrete unit 10 constituting the corner part and the L-shaped concrete unit 10 disposed between this unit 10. Since it is composed of the second concrete units IIA, 11B and a flat concrete floor plate 12, it is possible to construct a basement using precast concrete products that basically have three types, especially the shape of the basement. When increasing the size of concrete units, this can be done by increasing the number of second concrete units IIA and 11B sandwiched between the first concrete units 10, so there is no need to increase the size of the concrete units themselves, and the on-site This allows for extremely good transportability. Next, to assemble the basement at the site, the roots of the ground where the basement is to be constructed are cut, a hole of a specified size is dug, and then the process of quarrying the ground and placing concrete is carried out. At this time, the concrete units 10, IIA, IIB, and concrete floor plate 12 are installed by embedding steel pipes that serve as level standards. Next, each concrete unit is lowered from the truck using a crane or the like, and these units are assembled and joined one after another, and the assembly order is performed, for example, by the steps described below. Note that the construction process described below is just an example, and it goes without saying that other processes may be used.

[Installation of corner unit 1] The first installation starts with the corner unit 10, which determines the layout of the basement, and places this unit 10 at the four corners of the basement. [Installation of the second unit] Once the first concrete units 10 are installed at the four corners of the basement, the second concrete units IIA and I are installed based on these concrete units 10.
The IB is installed and joined. At this time (when joining concrete units 10, IIA, 11B), each concrete unit 10, IIA,
A connecting hardware 30 is passed between IIB, and each unit is integrated via a joint hardware embedded in the joint surfaces of these units.

[Laying concrete floor plates]

When the concrete units 10, 11A, 11B are joined inside the root cutting holes through the above steps, a square hole is formed at the base position, so the concrete floor plates 13 are installed one after another in this area. If we join,
The floor of the basement main body L is completed.

[Construction of partition walls and beams]

After the construction of the basement main body 1 is completed through the above steps, the precast concrete panels 2a are erected on the floor of the basement main body 1, and the partition walls 2 are constructed by joining them in the plane direction. After that, the beam part 13 is spanned over the upper end of the side wall part of the basement main body 1 and the upper end of the partition wall 2 to complete the main part of the basement. After completing the construction of the basement main body 1 and the partition wall 2 as described above, grout is injected between the floor and the foundation of the basement main body 1, and the gap between the floor and the foundation is filled with grout. is filled with grout and the bottom plate of each precast concrete product is tightly attached to the foundation. Then, when the internal finishing work is finally completed,
The basement as shown in Figure 2 is completed. On the other hand, in the construction of the house H, for example, if the house is mainly composed of panels, a unitized floor panel is laid on the beam part 13, and the first and second floors are constructed on top of the unitized floor panel. A method is used to construct a building by assembling the wall panels, then assembling frames, timber, etc., and then assembling the roof panels. In addition, each wall panel of the first floor portion may be integrated by inserting a hole at the lower end of the wall panel into an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of a concrete beam and tightening the bolt. According to the above procedure, the concrete units 1O1IIA and IIB are installed along the walls of the excavation hole, and the basement main body 1 is constructed from around them, so that the assembled concrete units 1O1IIASI
The IB serves as an earth retaining wall, and has the advantage that construction work inside the basement can be easily carried out on site. In the embodiment, the basement main body 1 is composed of a first concrete unit 10 forming a corner part of the basement, second L-shaped concrete units IIA and IIB forming a side wall of the basement, and a floor part. Since the basement main body 1 is constructed by a simple work of joining the concrete unit and the concrete floor plate at the site, the assembly can be easily carried out at the site. In addition, in the embodiment, adjacent concrete units have a joint fitting 22 and a connecting fitting 3 buried in the end face of the unit.
Since the concrete unit and the concrete floor plate are connected to each other through 0, the concrete unit and the concrete floor plate are firmly connected to each other, and there is an advantage that the strength of the entire basement main body l can be improved. Moreover, since the structure is such that the house H is assembled on the beam part 13 of the basement main body 1 constructed in this way as a foundation, the construction work of the foundation that was conventionally necessary can be omitted, and As a result, a basement can be formed without being restricted by the location of the foundation, so there is an advantage that a large basement can be easily constructed. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that the size of the unit, etc. can be changed depending on the design requirements. "Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the present invention consists of a rectangular box-shaped basement main body with an open top, and a partition wall disposed inside the basement main body to partition the inside of the basement main body. A basement on which a building constituting a house or the like is placed, wherein the basement main body is located at a corner of the basement and has side panels erected on two adjacent edges of a bottom panel. a second concrete unit arranged between the first concrete unit located at the corner of the basement and having a side plate erected on the edge of the bottom plate, and a base on which the basement is to be placed. It consists of a plurality of flat concrete floor plates that are laid on top of each other to form the floor of the basement main body, and a precast concrete beam that spans over the side plates and partition walls of the concrete unit. Because of this feature, the following excellent effects can be achieved. (a) A first concrete unit in which the basement main body, which is the main part of the basement frame, is located at a corner of the basement and side panels are erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom panel;
A second concrete unit arranged between the first concrete units located at the corner of the basement and having a side plate erected on the edge of the bottom plate, and a second concrete unit arranged on the base on which the basement is to be placed. Since the basement main body is constructed from three types of precast concrete products, including a plurality of flat concrete floor plates constituting the floor of the basement main body, the basement main body can be formed by a simple operation of interconnecting each concrete product. Assembly can be easily carried out on site. (b) Also, in the present invention, a partition wall is erected inside the basement main body, and precast concrete beams are spanned over the side plates of the concrete unit and the top end of the partition wall, respectively, to partition the inside of the basement main body. Since a building constituting a house or the like can be placed on top of it, construction of a house foundation can be omitted.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of a prefabricated concrete basement according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the outline of the basement, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a house placed on top of the basement. Figure 3 is a plan view showing the joint structure of adjacent concrete units, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view thereof, Figure 5 is a plan view showing the connecting hardware connecting adjacent concrete units, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view thereof. , FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the joint structure of the beam portion. G...basement, H...house, 1...
...Basement main body, 2...Partition wall, lO・
...First concrete unit, IIA, II
B...Second concrete unit 112...
... Concrete floor plate, 13 ... Precast concrete beam, 16 ... Long bolt, 22 ... Joint hardware, 30 ... Connection hardware .

Claims (1)

[Claims] The basement consists of a rectangular box-shaped basement with an open top, and a partition wall placed inside the basement to partition the interior of the basement, on which a building such as a house is placed. The basement is a basement, and the basement main body includes a first concrete unit located at a corner of the basement and having side panels erected on two adjacent edges of a bottom plate, and a first concrete unit located at a corner of the basement. A second concrete unit is arranged between the concrete units and has a side plate part erected on the edge of the bottom plate part, and is arranged on the base part on which the basement is to be placed, forming the floor part of the basement main body. A prefabricated concrete basement comprising a plurality of flat concrete floor plates and a precast concrete beam extending over the side plates and partition walls of the concrete unit.