JPH0458537B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction method useful for constructing a stepped exterior covering on the base of a building or structure.

An embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 shows an example of a roof constructed by the above construction method. In the figure, 1 is a rafter, and 2 is a base (sheath board in the figure), which is laid on top of the rafter 1 from the eaves to the ridge. Reference numeral 3 denotes a heat insulating layer, which is formed by laying a plurality of heat insulating materials 7 as shown in FIG. 2 in the direction of the eaves (horizontal direction) with their side surfaces 7a in contact with each other, and is mainly a waterproof material, It functions as a heat insulating material, a backup material, a soundproofing material, a step forming material, and a spacer between the base 2 and the exterior to be described later.
More specifically, the heat insulating layer 3 includes a core material 4 having a rectangular outer shape and a wedge-shaped longitudinal section, a surface material 5 bonded to the surface of the core material 4, and two sides protruding from the core material 4 bonded to the back surface of the core material 4. A side surface 7 in which a plurality of heat insulating materials 7 made of a waterproof sheet 6 of the same size are formed on the short sides thereof.
A are laid horizontally in series with respect to the base 2 so as to be in contact with each other. In particular, the core material 4 has one of the long sides as a thin wall part and the other long side as a thick wall part, and is formed in a cross section such that each end face 7b, 7c is connected by a straight line, and the end face 7b is a ridge (upper ) direction, end face 7
C is installed with the direction of the eaves. The size of this heat insulating material 7 is L ₁ = 150 to 900 mm, W ₁ =
300-1800mm, H ₁ = 3-100mm, H ₂ = 5-200
mm, θ ₁ = about 5 to 30°, and l ₁ −l ₂ = about 5 to 50 mm.
The material of the core material 4 may be polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, rock wool, sheathing board, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam or modified foam thereof, or pearlite grains or vermiculite in the structure of these foams. , whitebait balloon, foam mixed with one or more of mineral fibers, etc. Furthermore, the surface material 5 is composed of an aluminum foil 5a and a corrugated reinforcing material 5b, the aluminum foil 5a functions as a heat radiation layer, the reinforcing material 5b functions as a surface material against external pressure and a heat insulating layer, and a core material. This serves to strengthen the adhesive strength between the surface material 4 and the surface material 5. In addition, the back material 6 has overlapping tongue pieces 6a and 6b that protrude outward from two adjacent outer peripheral edges of the core material 4, and brings the heat insulating material 7 into continuous contact to form the heat insulating layer 3 . A waterproof layer is also formed at the same time. This waterproof sheet 6
The material is aluminum foil, water-repellent kraft paper, or one or more laminated materials such as asbestos paper, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, asphalt felt, synthetic resin sheet, lead foil, and fluororesin sheet. be. 8 is the third on the exterior
An exterior material 9 as shown in the figure is placed on the heat insulating layer 3 and the left and right ends are interconnected, and is mainly used as an exterior wall material and roof material. More specifically, the exterior material 9 is mainly made of a surface-treated steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a copper plate, an aluminum plate, etc., molded into a desired shape. Specific exterior material 9
An example will be described with reference to FIG. 3. The exterior material 9 has a rectangular outer shape, the size of which corresponds to the heat insulating material 7, and is provided with a decorative surface 10 and a concavo-convex portion for superposition 11. It is composed of a main body 12, a rising portion 13, a locking portion 14, a guide/reinforcing piece 15, a fixing piece 16 formed on the upper edge thereof, and an engaging portion 17 formed on the lower edge. That is, the uneven portion 11 for polymerization has two or more uneven stripes 11a, 11b formed on the left and right ends, which are the short sides of the main body,
This allows the connecting portion of the exterior material 9 to exhibit a waterproof function and a guide function. The rising portion 13 is a protruding portion of the upper edge of the main body 12 bent outward, and the locking portion 14 is a lower edge 14a formed by bending the upper edge of the rising portion 13 outward and extending downward. While bending the tip of 14a inward, the lower edge 14a
The upper surface 14b extends upward along the back surface of the upper surface 14b, and has a function of locking the engaging portion 17. Further, the guide/reinforcing piece 15 is formed by bending the end of the upper surface 14b inward, extending downwardly along the back surface of the rising portion 13, and projecting downward by ΔH from the decorative surface 10. It mainly functions as a guide during construction of the insulation material 7 and as a reinforcing material against external forces. In some cases, the dimension ΔH is approximately the same as the dimension H ₁ of the thin wall end surface 7b of the insulation material 7, and H ₃ is the dimension H 1 of the thin wall end surface 7b of the insulation material 7.
It is formed to have approximately the same dimension _H2 of the thick-walled end surface 7c. Note that H ₄ is the height of the rising portion 13. Further, the fixed piece 16 is a guide/reinforcing piece 15.
The lower end edge of the bracket is bent outward and extended upward, and is mainly used to fix the exterior material 9 to the rafters 1 and the base 2, as well as to support it in a stable state. Further, the engaging portion 17 is formed by bending the lower edge of the main body 12 inwardly into a flap shape, and engages with the locking portion 14 . Note that the height H ₅ is approximately the same as the thickness Δt of the locking portion 14, W ₂ = 200 to 3636 mm, and L ₂ = 150 to 900 mm.
The relationship is W ₂ > L ₂ .

Next, an example will be explained.

Now, the field board 2 has been laid on the rafters 1, and there are 18 nose shields, 19 Hiroko Mai, and 2 Karakura on the eaves.
0, and the heat insulating layer 3 −n ₀ formed using the heat insulating material 7 for adjustment have already been installed, and further this heat insulating layer 3
It is assumed that the exterior of the eaves 8 -n ₀ is roofed on -n ₀ . Therefore, the first stage of heat insulating layer 3 -n ₁ is formed in the next stage of the above-mentioned exterior casing 8 -n ₀ . That is, the second
A plurality of heat insulating materials 7 as shown in the figure and their side surfaces 7a
3 -n ₁ -1, 3 -n ₁ -2, 3 -n ₁ -3, ... 3 as shown in Figure 4 a in the direction of the eaves with the
-n ₁ -n (not shown), and the side surface of the heat insulating material 7 to be laid next without the polymer tongue piece 6b is placed on the polymer tongue piece 6b to form the first heat insulation layer 3. −
Form n ₁ . At this time, the thin wall end surface 7b is laid in the direction of the ridge, and the thick wall end surface 7c is laid in contact with the guide/reinforcing piece 15 of the sheath 8 - _n0 . Next, a first-stage exterior casing 8 -n ₁ is formed on the heat insulating layer 3 -n ₁ as shown in FIG. 4b. That is, a plurality of sheathing materials 9 as shown in FIG. 3 are stacked in series with their overlapping parts 11, and the engaging part 17 is engaged with the locking part 14 of the sheathing 8 -n ₀ of the eaves part. Then, the back surface of the main body 12 is brought into contact with the surface of the insulation material 7, the ΔH part of the guide/reinforcing piece 15 is brought into contact with the thin end surface 7b of the insulation material 7, and the fixed part 16 is attached to the roofing board 2 and the rafter 1. There is one that is fixed via nails 21. Next, the second stage insulation layer 3 −n ₂
are laid as shown in Figure 4b. In other words, 3 -n ₂ -1, 3 -n ₂ -2, 3 -n ₂ consisting of the heat insulating material 7
-3,... 3 -n ₂ -n (not shown) thick portion end face 7b is brought into contact with guide/reinforcing piece 15 of each exterior material 9 of first stage exterior 8 -n ₁ , and The respective side surfaces 7a are laid in contact with each other in the same manner as described above. Also,
To roof the second stage exterior 8 -n ₂ , place the exterior material 9 on the second stage heat insulating layer 3 -n ₂ in the same manner as the first stage, attach it, and roof. It is something that can be achieved. Therefore, a roof can be constructed by repeating the above steps from the eaves to the ridge. The longitudinal cross section of the roof thus constructed is as shown in FIG. 1, and the cross section is as shown in FIG. 5.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and the construction can also be carried out sequentially from the foundation to the girders on the rim and studs of the exterior wall. Also,
The exterior material 9 can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 6a-d. That is, figure a shows the exterior material 9 with a protrusion 14b' provided in the center of the upper surface 14b, and figure b shows the upper surface 14.
Fig. b shows an exterior material 9 formed in a wavy shape, and Fig. c shows that in addition to the main body 12, the rising portion 13 and the locking portion 14 are also provided with uneven stripes 11.
The exterior material 9 is formed with parts a and 11b, and the illustration d shows the exterior material 9 formed in two stages. Note that the engaging portion 17 is the sixth
It can also be formed into a V-shaped cross section as shown in Figure c. Furthermore, the exterior material 9 can also be formed with a concavo-convex portion 11' for polymerization, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the heat insulating material 7 can be formed as shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b to further strengthen the heat insulation, sound insulation, and sound absorption properties. That is, Fig. a shows a surface material 5 made of aluminum foil 5a and lead foil 5a', and Fig. b shows a heat insulating material with a waterproof sheet 6 laminated with lead foil 6' and aluminum foil 6'' integrally attached. be.

As described above, according to the exterior construction method of the present invention, a waterproof layer and a heat insulating layer can be formed by simply laying the heat insulating material in series in the horizontal direction on the base, and the exterior can be installed using this heat insulating layer as a guide. The next step is to use this exterior as a guide to form the next heat insulating layer, so it does not require any skill and can be easily applied even by amateurs. Additionally, since a heat insulating layer is reliably formed between the exterior and the base, the exterior has excellent heat insulation properties. Furthermore, the insulation layer also functions as a backing material, waterproofing material, vibration isolating material, cushioning material, and sound absorbing material, so it protects the base and rafters from corrosion, and also prevents the exterior material from deforming due to external pressure (snow), etc. . In addition, since one exterior material serves as a hanger, exterior material, and guide, it is inexpensive and easy to construct. Furthermore, since the surface material is provided with a heat radiation layer and has a cardboard-like reinforcing material, there is no fear that the core material will deteriorate due to external force or heat. Additionally, the exterior is terraced, giving it an excellent three-dimensional feel.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a roof constructed by the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is an example of a heat insulating material that is one of the structural members used in the exterior construction method according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the exterior material, which is another component, FIG. The cross-sectional views taken along line X-X', FIGS. 6a to d, and FIGS. 7 and 8a and 8b are explanatory views showing other embodiments. 1... Rafter, 2... Base, 3 ... Heat insulation layer, 8 ...
... Exterior, 9... Exterior material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. For the foundation of buildings and structures, a corrugated surface material having a rectangular outer shape and a core material having a wedge-shaped longitudinal section and laminated with heat radiating foil on the surface of the core material;
A plurality of heat insulating materials each having a waterproof sheet of a size that has a polymeric piece protruding from two adjacent peripheral edges of the core material are adhered to the back side thereof, the side surfaces of which are in contact with each other, and a plurality of heat insulating materials are attached to each other on the polymeric piece. A first heat insulating layer is formed by placing the back side of the heat insulating material and laying it in series in the horizontal direction, and then overlapping uneven parts are placed on the left and right ends of the rectangular main body on the heat insulating layer. a main body having a main body, a rising part for forming a step provided at the upper end of the main body, an upper end edge of the rising part protruding downward, a locking part extending upward again, and an end of the locking part rising downward. A guide/reinforcing piece extending along the main body and protruding from the main body by the dimension of the end face of the thin-walled part of the heat insulating material, and a fixing part projecting upward from the lower edge of the reinforcing piece are provided. The lower edge of the main body is formed with a plurality of exterior materials each having an engaging portion bent inwardly into a seam shape. A part of the guide/reinforcing piece that protrudes below the rising part is brought into contact with the thin wall end face which is the upper end face of each of the heat insulating materials, and
The fixed part is laid in series with the base to form the first stage of sheathing, and then the second stage of insulation layer is formed on the guide/reinforcing pieces of each of the first stage's exterior materials. The end surfaces of the thick parts of the heat insulating materials are brought into contact with each other and placed on the fixed part, and the side surfaces of each heat insulating material are brought into contact with each other to form a second stage of heat insulation layer in the same manner as the first stage. , Next, the process of roofing the second stage exterior on the second stage insulation layer in the same way as the first stage is repeated until the required stage is reached.