JPH0484797A - Low temperature nuclear fusion device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Fields of the Invention The present invention is a low-temperature technology that produces powerful energy at low temperatures, cheaply, and with high efficiency in nuclear fusion in general and low-temperature nuclear fusion expression using electrochemical means or gas-phase discharge. Conventional technology related to nuclear fusion expression device Nuclear fusion reaction 1. Contrary to nuclear power generation, which utilizes the large amount of heat generated when heavy uranium atoms split, light atomic nuclei such as hydrogen isotope atoms are fused. This is a nuclear reaction that turns into a heavy atomic nucleus, and in many cases, a large amount of energy is released, about three times as much as nuclear fission, due to the generation of thermal neutrons.It is also the same reaction that causes the sun to burn, and is ideal for As a nuclear fusion reaction that can be used as a lean energy source, it is necessary to have low energy and a large reaction cross section. Ei (1) D
+ T-”He (3,5MeV)+n (14,1
MeV) (2> D + D−”He (0,82Me
V) + n (2,45Men) (3) D +D
+T (1,01MeV)+p (3,02MeV)(
4) D +2He −'He (3,6MeV)+
p (1, 4, 7 MeV) is currently thought to be the kinetic energy of the particle.Among these, the first stage reaction involves deuterium, which is thought to be inexhaustible in terms of resources. It is ideal to use the D-D reaction, where the reaction cross sections (reaction probabilities) of reactions (2) and (3) are almost equal, I, y, and tritium T emits weak beta rays. It is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 12 years, and it is also possible to put the neutrons generated in the reactions of L (1) and (2) into a blanket containing lithium and produce tritium in the next reaction (5) 'L i+n−”He
+T+(4,8MeV)(6) 'L i + n →
'He 1T+ n' + (-2,47MeV) It is also possible to multiply triple deuterium by the neutron n° in the above equation. It is necessary to create high-density conditions.4 However, because hydrogen isotope molecules have electrons attached to each other, it is impossible to bring the atomic nuclei (ions) closer together beyond the inherent barrier. % Therefore, conventionally
In order to produce nuclear fusion, a high-density, high-temperature plasma is created, and this is confined in a thermonuclear fusion reaction.Although this reaction is realized and energy is extracted from the fusion reactor, cold fusion ( The solution would be an invention that uses a hydrogen-absorbing alloy or metal hydride electrode to forcibly fill the electrode with hydrogen isotopes, bringing the hydrogen isotopes as close as possible to each other to induce nuclear fusion. In order to realize a thermonuclear fusion reaction, it is necessary to confine the friendly plasma, and for this purpose, the product (cm-"s) of high temperature of 200 million degrees or more and density x confinement time is 2.・Conditions of 1014 or higher were required. Therefore, an extremely strong magnetic field, a powerful laser, or a powerful electron beam was essential.Also, even in low-temperature nuclear fusion, the input energy is enormous and it takes time.艮 I don't understand the principles and conditions for nuclear fusion itself.The present invention helps to fundamentally solve the above problems.The conventional principle of nuclear fusion (that is, confining pressure lines of hydrogen isotopes and reducing the Coulomb barrier between nuclei) The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new low-temperature nuclear fusion device based on the principle of nuclear fusion. Although the present invention is intended to express nuclear fusion according to a new principle, the present invention is applicable to all substances that absorb or absorb hydrogen isotopes (deuterium, etc.) in the (α) phase in which hydrogen isotopes can easily move. By moving or vibrating the hydrogen isotope between the (β) phase in which it is difficult to move the hydrogen isotope, the electron cloud of the hydrogen isotope is made to stay in the material, and the hydrogen isotope is temporarily transferred. 4 At this time, an external stimulus causes the nuclei to collide with each other and cause nuclear fusion.Based on this principle, electrochemical means or gas phase discharge are used to generate powerful energy at low temperatures and with high efficiency. In all substances that occlude or adsorb hydrogen isotopes (deuterium, etc.), there is an (α) phase in which hydrogen isotopes are easily mobile, and By presenting the principle of nuclear fusion in which hydrogen isotopes are transferred and reacted between the (β) phases in which body movement is difficult, and based on this principle, a powerful This makes it possible to generate energy with high efficiency and high reliability at low temperatures, and as a result, it is possible to generate stable energy easily and cheaply. In addition, a metal or an alloy is used as a material to absorb or adsorb.9 The principle of the invention is inferred from the hydrogen concentration in the metal or alloy. This measurement was confirmed by measuring the amount of neutrons generated during the reaction using a liquid scintillation counter (NE-213) as a method to observe nuclear fusion. Neutrons and gamma rays were separated by energy level and emission time, and natural neutrons (z < 7 kg) had an average Q of 7 cps, and the gamma ray had an average Q of 0.1 cps [Example 1] Use a Pd rod for the negative electrode (or electrode) and a PT plate for the positive electrode (or electrode) (electrolyze heavy water containing Li+ under arbitrary conditions L Pd is filled with deuterium Contained in this Pd The amount of deuterium was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and 7'Q)
Neutrons during this electrolysis were measured using the above device, and X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on the negative electrode Pd when neutrons were generated and on Pd when there was no neutron generation. An example of a pattern is
Shown in Figure 1. As a result, it was found that this sample was not sufficiently deuterated.9 Therefore, neutron generation was not observed in the sufficiently deuterated sample, while neutron generation, that is, nuclear fusion, was observed in the insufficiently deuterated sample. Although it is thought that deuterium is occurring, basically the deuterium in the alpha phase, which is easy to move, moves first, and then the deuterium moves from the beta phase, which forms deuterides, which are relatively difficult to move. At this time, nuclear fusion is thought to occur if deuterium without an electron cloud in the β and α phases collides due to an external stimulus.In other words, deuterium is instantly transferred between the α and β phases. It is thought that nuclear fusion occurs easily by moving force or vibration. Moreover, it is possible to easily cause nuclear fusion and extract energy (which is extremely significant from a social perspective) [Example 2] An example of the method for expressing nuclear fusion using the electrochemical method of the present invention is shown.

A specific example of the procedure is as follows: First, P of the negative electrode material.
d (1 cm") by the arc melting method, and the resulting lump is directly wrapped around a PT wire to take the lead. A 0.5 mm thick Pt plate (1 cm x l cm) is used as the positive electrode raw material. 9. Opening used as a reaction vessel. The above Pd negative electrode and positive electrode were installed in the beer water 2 with a purity of 99, 5% in which approximately 0.1 regulated Li0D was dissolved in the bee force 1 of a system with a capacity of 100 m1, and a pulse current (voltage 2 ~30V) for 2 hours.No cracking or powdering of the negative electrode was observed, and the occlusion reaction proceeded smoothly.In addition, oxygen was generated from the positive electrode from the initial stage.At the same time, as a blank test, heavy water was Electrolysis of heavy water was carried out using a similar device and t, It is difficult to think that it is due to the difference in the physical properties of water and heavy water (CD-H correction has been performed), or that it is caused by nuclear fusion, as it is difficult to think of it as a chemical reaction. Phase movement is difficult, and the pulse current width in the experiment that obtained this result was 7 minutes, and the applied current density was 20 mA/cm2-
It has been confirmed that this condition follows the above principle from the results of X-ray diffraction of the sample, and it is thought that nuclear fusion occurs as a result of α-β phase movement of deuterium. [Example 2 Example ζ of the present invention; i A plate in which 20 g of Ti produced by arc melting was directly put into a SUS tube and degassed at 600 degrees in vacuum. Deuterium was desorbed. Deuterium desorption is performed by performing a cooling and heating cycle between liquid nitrogen temperature and room temperature.
When the sample at this time was examined by X-ray diffraction, it was found that deuteration was not completely carried out. Therefore,
There is a possibility that α-β phase transfer of deuterium will occur sufficiently,
As a result of measuring the neutron or T-ray generation situation during this experiment, which was found to satisfy the above principle, using the neutron/gamma ray measuring device, a large amount of gamma ray generation was observed along with the neutron generation. 3), but D+D-T(1,01MeV)+p(3,,02MeV
) (1) D1D-3He (0,82MeV)+n
(2,45MeV) (2)p + D-”
”He + 7 (5,45MeV
) (3) Figure 3 shows the generation of gamma rays.

In this experiment, it was confirmed that although the gamma ray generation was unsteady, it was approximately 700 to 1000 times more generated than back branding. 3] Use a quartz glass tube as a reaction vessel with a purity of 99.9
% of deuterium was sealed, and spherical Pd electrodes were placed facing each other in the same manner as described above, and discharged at a high frequency current voltage of 400 W. The amount of neutrons generated at that time was measured using a liquid scintillation counter as in the previous example. Results: The amount of neutrons during the discharge increased approximately 100 times compared to the background.At the same time, the emission of gamma rays was observed.Similarly, when measuring with pure hydrogen (99.99%) sealed, the amount of neutrons generated was The neutron generation situation is shown in Figure 4 as a change over time.9 Experimental conditions It is clear that the method of the present invention can extremely easily produce nuclear fusion at low temperatures. In the above examples, deuterium or heavy water was used as the hydrogen isotope, but of course other than the examples Any hydrogen isotope or hydrogen isotope-containing substance may be used.Also, it may be an oxide or an organic substance that uses a metal as a substance that absorbs and adsorbs hydrogen isotopes. The electrolytic method is used as a method (any method may be used as long as the reaction involves an electrochemical reaction in a solution.Of course, there are no restrictions in the present invention regarding the method of applying pulse current or the current density, electric ratio, and pulse width. In Example 2 above, the method of adsorption and desorption of C gaseous hydrogen isotope to the electrode is by raising and lowering the temperature. It could also be due to pressure changes (
℃ Also, this is just one example of the discharge conditions 3 in Example 4, and the application method and frequency can be any conditions. Any substance or method may be used as long as it is accompanied by nuclear fusion expression. As a result, it is now possible to generate powerful energy at an extremely low temperature, cheaply, stably, and highly efficiently than before.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a diagram of the X-ray diffraction pattern of deuterated Pd, which explains the principle of nuclear fusion in the present invention. Figure 2 is a diagram of the change over time in the amount of heat generation calculated from DSC measurements in Example 1. Time course diagram of gamma ray generation amount in Example 2
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change over time in the amount of neutrons generated in Example 4. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano Haka 1 person No. 1 Seisui prefecture 1j L r: Pd 17) W Fig. Gamma latitude W light weight change θ target 111111/rnjIrL Fig. Time-dependent change in rudder growth observation / F Fig. Neutron generation! I! -Change Tsubama/r

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In all substances that occlude or adsorb hydrogen isotopes (such as deuterium), hydrogen isotopes can easily move (α
) phase and a (β) phase in which hydrogen isotopes are difficult to move. (2) A negative electrode for occluding (or adsorbing) hydrogen isotopes (such as deuterium) in the crystal lattice (or surface), a positive electrode mainly consisting of a metal, metal oxide, or metal hydroxide, and at least a hydrogen isotope. Consists of an electrolyte containing the body,
A current is passed between the two electrodes to electrochemically decompose the electrolyte and cause nuclear fusion through an interaction between hydrogen isotopes occluded (or adsorbed) in the negative electrode, wherein the hydrogen isotopes in the negative electrode A low-temperature nuclear fusion device characterized by inducing interaction by moving (deuterium, etc.) between the α and β phases in the crystal lattice (or on the surface). (3) An electrode for occluding (or adsorbing) hydrogen isotopes (deuterium, etc.) in the crystal lattice (or surface), a counter electrode consisting of at least two poles capable of generating a discharge, and a gas containing at least hydrogen isotopes. The gas is discharged by applying a voltage between the two electrodes, and nuclear fusion is caused by an interaction between the hydrogen isotopes occluded (or adsorbed) in the electrodes, and the hydrogen isotopes in the electrodes ( A low-temperature nuclear fusion device characterized by inducing interaction by moving deuterium (such as deuterium) between the α and β phases in the crystal lattice (or on the surface). (4) Consisting of a substance for occluding (or adsorbing) hydrogen isotopes (such as deuterium) in the crystal lattice (or surface) and a gas containing at least hydrogen isotopes; It is occluded (or adsorbed) in the above substance by raising and lowering the pressure or temperature, and hydrogen isotopes (such as deuterium) in the substance are absorbed into the crystal lattice (or on the surface).
A low-temperature fusion device characterized by inducing interaction by moving between the α phase and β phase of.