JPH0520202B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention relates to a clutch mechanism for a turret-type cutting unit.

BACKGROUND ART As is well known, in a turret-type cutting unit having a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads (hereinafter referred to as a gearing head) on a turret head that can be indexed and rotated, when the turret head is indexed and rotated, It is necessary to temporarily disconnect the rotational force transmission path of each spindle that holds the cutting tool. For this reason, as shown in, for example, JP-A-52-80586 and JP-A-55-90210, the spindle torque transmission path between the drive unit disposed inside the turret head and the gearing head is is equipped with a clutch mechanism.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional structure, the output shaft on the drive unit side and the input shaft on the gearing head side are arranged on the same axis, and the ends of the input and output shafts are splined. Alternatively, they are coupled by a similar coupling means. In other words,
Since it is a uniform condition that the input shaft on the gearing head side, which is indexed to a predetermined processing position, and the output shaft on the drive unit side are always located on the same axis, the position of each spindle on the gearing head side, that is, the design Since the degree of freedom is severely restricted and the number of idle gears and the like increases accordingly, the entire gearing head tends to become larger.

Also, especially according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-80586,
A clutch mechanism is provided on the drive unit side in addition to the above-mentioned coupling part between the input shaft and the output shaft, and a transmission gear train is provided between this clutch mechanism and the coupling part, so that it can be used not only for the gearing head but also for the drive unit. The device itself tends to be complex and large.

The present invention aims to provide a clutch mechanism for a turret-type cutting unit in which the above-described restrictions on the positional relationship between the input shaft and the output shaft are relaxed.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention includes a column and a turret head which is indexably and rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the column and has a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads mounted on the outer periphery. A clutch of a turret-type cutting unit in which a clutch action is performed between an input shaft on a multi-axis spindle head side and an output shaft on the column side for rotationally driving an indexed spindle of a multi-axis spindle head. The mechanism includes a drive gear provided on the output shaft and a driven gear provided on the input shaft, each of which is composed of an externally toothed spur gear, and the output shaft is slid in an axial direction to connect the drive gear and the driven gear. The invention is characterized by the provision of a switching means that connects and disconnects the spindle rotational force transmission path by directly engaging and disengaging the spindle rotational force transmission path.

Function According to this configuration, the clutch action is performed by causing the drive gear and the driven gear, which are composed of externally toothed spur gears, to engage and disengage based on the sliding movement of the output shaft. When each multi-axis spindle head is indexed to the machining position, the input shaft on each multi-axis spindle head side does not need to be located on the same axis as the output axis on the turret head side, and the position of the input shaft is determined by the driven gear. The input shaft only needs to be in a position where the input shaft and the drive gear can mesh with each other, and the position of the input shaft does not need to be constant throughout the plurality of multi-axis spindles.
Further, the speed ratio of each multi-axis spindle head can be easily adjusted at the meshing portion between the drive gear and the driven gear.

Embodiment FIGS. 1 to 6 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, and as is clear from FIG. 1, the case of a horizontally placed turret-shaped cutting unit is illustrated.

In FIG. 1, a cutting unit 1 includes a column 10 fixed on a slide table 2 that slides along a slide guide surface (not shown), and is arranged around the outer periphery of the column 10 so that the vertical center of the column 10 is A turret head 11 that can be indexed and rotated as a rotation center, and a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads (hereinafter referred to as
In addition to column 12 (referred to as gigang head)
0, and a drive motor 14 as a drive source fixed to the side surface of the auxiliary column 13 so that its motor output shaft 14a is parallel to the slide table 2.

A gear 15 is fixed to the motor output shaft 14a, and this gear 15 meshes with a gear 17 on a first intermediate shaft 16 provided in the auxiliary column 13, and these gear trains drive the drive motor 14. The rotation output is transmitted to the column 10 side. Note that 18 is a synchronous shaft directly driven by the motor output shaft 14a, and 19 is a lubricating oil supply pump provided on the same axis as the synchronous shaft 18.

20 is a second intermediate shaft provided on the column 10 and parallel to the first intermediate shaft 16; 21 is provided parallel to the second intermediate shaft 20 and rotates a spindle 58 on the gearing head 12 side, which will be described later. 22 is the drive shaft 2 as an output shaft for
The turret head 1 is provided on the same axis as the turret head 1.
This is an indexing drive shaft for indexing and rotating 1. The second intermediate shaft 20 is provided with a gear 23 that meshes with the gear 17 on the first intermediate shaft 16 side, while the drive shaft 21 is provided with a gear 23.
A drive gear (spur gear) 25 is provided in addition to a gear 24 that meshes with the
The drive shaft 21 is rotationally driven by a series of gear trains composed of gears 7, 23, and 24.

The drive shaft 21 is provided with a protrusion 26 at one end, and is rotatably supported by a sleeve 27 that is slidable in the axial direction via a bearing 28. By sliding the sleeve 27, the drive shaft 21 also moves along its axis. Slide in the direction. In other words, the sliding movement of the drive shaft 21 causes the drive gear 25 and the gearing head 12 to be described later.
The structure is such that it can be engaged with the driven gear 59 on the side or released from the engagement. Note that the drive shaft 21 and the gear 24 are keyed together to allow relative movement in the axial direction of the two and to prevent relative rotation thereof. Further, 29 is a bearing holder.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rack 30 is formed on the sleeve 27, and a pinion 32 provided on a shaft 31 meshes with this rack 30. The shaft 31 is connected to the link 33,
34 and cylinder 36 via auxiliary rod 35
The shaft 31 is rotated by the action of the cylinder 36, so that the sleeve 27 and thus the drive shaft 21 slide.

A slotted groove 37 that can be engaged with the protrusion 26 is formed at one end of the indexing drive shaft 22, and a gear reduction mechanism (commercial product name: Harmonic Drive) is provided around the indexing drive shaft 22.
38 is provided, and the driven side wheel 39 of this gear reduction mechanism 38 is provided with a drive side bevel gear 40.
is fixed. The gear reduction mechanism 38 schematically includes an elliptical drive wheel 41 fixed to the index drive shaft 22, a thin ring gear 44 provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 41 so as to be relatively rotatable, and It consists of a combination of two internally toothed gears 42, 43 on the fixed side and movable side that mesh with each other, and the number of teeth of the ring gear 44 is the same as that of the internally toothed gears 42, 43.
Since the number of teeth is 2 less than that of 3, in this embodiment, a reduction ratio of about 1/78 to the indexing drive shaft 22 can be obtained on the bevel gear 40 side. Note that 45 is a pusher for applying preload to the bearing 47 by a flat spring 46.

On the other hand, a driven bevel gear 48 that meshes with the bevel gear 40 is disposed on the inner circumference of the turret head 11 via a bearing 49, and this bevel gear 48 is integrally fixed to the turret head 11 via an auxiliary plate 50. There is. Therefore, by driving the indexing drive shaft 22, the turret head 11 is indexed and rotated around the column 10 via the bearing 49.

Here, the protrusion 26 and the slotted groove 37 can be engaged and disengaged by the sliding movement of the drive shaft 21, and as shown in FIG. 1, the protrusion 26 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged with each other. At times, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and a driven gear 59, which will be described later, is released, and the rotational output of the drive motor 14 is transmitted to the indexing drive shaft 22, thereby enabling indexing rotation of the turret head 11. on the other hand,
When the drive shaft 21 is slid to the left in FIG.
At the same time as the projection 26 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged with each other, the engagement between the projection 26 and the slotted groove 37 is released, and the gearing head 12
It becomes possible to rotate the spindle 58 on the side.

In this way, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is achieved by the cylinder 36, pinion 32, rack 30, drive shaft 21, etc.
It constitutes a switching means for selectively switching the engagement between the drive shaft 21 and the indexing drive shaft 22.

Furthermore, a housing 51 and a head plate 52 are integrally fixed to the upper inner periphery of the turret head 11, while a column 10 is mounted inside them.
A piston 53 integral with the hydraulic cylinder 54 is disposed to define chambers R ₁ and R ₂ , thereby forming a hydraulic cylinder 54 . Therefore, this hydraulic cylinder 5
4 causes the turret head 11, which is integral with the housing 51 and the head plate 52, to move up and down.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a large-diameter coupling as an index positioning means interposed between the column 10 and the lower surface of the turret head 11.
, a face gear-shaped fixed ring 55a fixed to the column 10 side, and a face gear-shaped movable ring 55 fixed to the turret head 11 side.
b, and these fixed rings 55
The turret head 11 is positioned at a predetermined index position by the engagement between the movable ring 55b and the movable ring 55b.

The gearing head 12, as shown in FIG.
A head main body 56a and a head cover 56b,
A plurality of spindles 58 are rotatably supported within the head body 56a, and each spindle 58 has a drill 57 at its tip, an input shaft 60 has a driven gear (spur gear) 59 at one end, and the rotation of the input shaft 60 is controlled by each spindle. 58 transmission gear train 61, 62, 63
As shown in Fig. 1, the driven gear 5
9 enters into the turret head 11 and meshes with the drive gear 25 on the drive shaft 21 side. That is, the aforementioned slidable drive shaft 21, the drive gear 25, and the driven gear 59 constitute a clutch mechanism that connects and disconnects the rotational force transmission path to each spindle 58.

In addition, the head body 56a is provided with figures 4 and 5.
As shown in the figure, a lock plate 67 having one lock pawl 67a is provided so as to face the drive gear 25. This lock plate 67 has a flange portion 68 provided on its outer periphery that engages with a groove portion 69 on the side of the head body 56a, and a cylindrical shaft bearing portion 70 that is guided by a holder 71, so that it can be rotated in the axial direction of the drive shaft 21. It is configured to be able to slide only. Further, the lock plate 67 is connected to the drive gear 2 by a coil spring 72 interposed between the shaft bearing part 70 and the holder 71.
5 side, that is, the lock pawl 67a is the driven gear 5.
A conical protrusion 74 corresponding to the engagement hole 73 on the drive shaft 21 side is formed in the center. In addition, 75 is a stopper.

Next, the operation of the turret type cutting unit constructed as above will be explained.

First, when indexing the turret head 11, the drive shaft 21 slides to the right in FIG.
6 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged, and at the same time, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is released.

Here, when the drive motor 14 is stopped prior to indexing the turret head 11, the ridges of the drive gear 25 (the troughs of the driven gear 59) and the lock claws 67a of the lock plate 67 are aligned with each other at the stop position. Phase control is performed on the motor control system side. Therefore, when the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is released as described above, the lock plate 67 moves forward by the force of the coil spring 72 as if following the drive gear 25, and the lock pawl 67a engages the driven gear. 59 (the state shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 5). As a result, the driven gear 59 and thus each spindle 58 are restrained (locked) and cannot freely rotate.

Next, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R1 of the hydraulic cylinder 54, and the entire turret head 11 rises, thereby releasing the index positioning of the turret head 11 by the coupling 55. Then, when the index rotation command is given to the drive motor 14,
The rotational output of the drive motor 14 is transmitted through the gear train 15, 1.
7, 23, 24 to drive shaft 21, index drive shaft 22, gear reduction mechanism 38, bevel gear 4
0 and 48 in order, and the turret head 11 rotates by a predetermined index rotation angle.

When the rotation of the turret head 11 stops, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R2 of the hydraulic cylinder 54, the entire turret head 11 is lowered, and the coupling 55 is lowered.
When the fixed ring 55a and the movable ring 55b are engaged again, the turret head 11 is positioned at a predetermined index position. At the same time, by keeping the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54 acting on the turret head 11, the movable ring 55b is pressed against the fixed ring 55a, and the turret head 11 is clamped at a predetermined indexed position.

When the indexing of the turret head 11 is thus completed, the drive shaft 21 slides to the left in FIG. 1 due to the action of the cylinder 36, and the projection 26
At the same time as the engagement with the slotted groove 37 is released, the drive gear 25 meshes with the driven gear 59. That is, since the phase is controlled so that the stop position (rotational angle position) of the drive gear 25 coincides with the lock plate 67 even when the above indexing is completed, the drive gear 25 is immediately connected to the driven gear 59 by the sliding movement of the drive shaft 21. mesh together. At the same time, the lock plate 67 is inserted into the engagement hole 73.
Based on the engagement of the protrusion 74 with the coil spring 72
Since it is pushed by the drive gear 25 against the force, it slides to the left in FIG.
a separates from the driven gear 59 (the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 5).

Next, by giving a rotation command to the drive motor 14, the rotation output of the drive motor 14 is transmitted from the gear train 15, 17, 23, 24 to the drive shaft 21, and the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 5
9, each spindle 58 of the gearing head 12 shown in FIG. 3 is driven to rotate.
Then, by applying a cutting feed to the slide table 2 shown in FIG. 1, a predetermined cutting process is performed by the drill 57.

Here, in the clutch mechanism in the above embodiment, the drive shaft 21 on the turret head 11 side
Not only is it not necessary to set the input shaft 60 on the ganging head 12 side on the same axis, but also the position of the input shaft 60 does not need to be constant throughout the plurality of ganging heads 12.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the driven gear of the first gearing head among the plurality of gearing heads is 59, the driven gear of the second gearing head is 59a, the driven gear of the third gearing head is 59b, and the driven gear of the fourth gearing head is 59c. Then, each gigantic head 12
If the drive gears 59, 59a, 59b, and 59c are sequentially indexed to predetermined machining positions, each of the driven gears 59, 59a, 59b, and 59c will surely mesh with the drive gear 25 on the drive shaft 21 and function as a clutch.

In short, if the speed ratios are all equal between the driven gear of each gearing head 12 and the drive gear 25 on the turret head side, then the driven gear 5 of each gearing head 12 will have the same speed ratio as shown in FIG.
Rotation center o ₁ to o ₄ of 9, 59a, 59b, 59c
However, it is only necessary that they be located on a concentric circle P that can mesh with the drive gear 25. Of course, if it is desired to change the speed ratio, the center of rotation of the driven gear may be placed at a position outside the concentric circle P.

In this embodiment, a case is illustrated in which the motor 14, which is a drive source, is shared by the turret head indexing rotation drive system and the spindle rotation drive system, but it is possible to use an independent motor for each drive system. It's okay.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the drive gear provided on the output shaft on the column side and the driven gear provided on the input shaft on the multi-axis spindle head side are each composed of externally toothed spur gears. By directly engaging and disengaging the drive gear and driven gear based on the sliding movement of the output shaft to perform a clutch action, each multi-axis spindle head can be selectively indexed to the machining position. When the input shaft of each multi-axis spindle head side does not need to be located on the same axis as the output shaft of the turret head side, the input shaft only needs to be located at a position where the driven gear and the drive gear can mesh. Moreover, the position of the input shaft does not need to be constant throughout the plurality of multi-axis spindle heads.

Therefore, layout constraints such as the position of the spindle of each multi-axis spindle head are relaxed, and a large degree of design freedom can be ensured.With this expanded degree of design freedom, the number of idle gears can be reduced, so the number of idle gears in the multi-axis spindle head can be reduced. The number of gears in the gear train can be reduced, the multi-axis spindle head can be made thinner and smaller, and the speed ratio of each multi-axis spindle head can be easily adjusted at the meshing portion between the drive gear and the driven gear.

Further, as far as the spindle rotation drive system of the multi-axis spindle head is concerned, there is no need to provide a separate clutch mechanism other than the clutch mechanism configured mainly around the drive gear and driven gear described above.
The structure of the drive system on the column side can be simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cutting unit including the clutch mechanism of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing details of a multi-axis spindle head. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the drive gear and the driven gear. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Cutting unit, 2... Slide table, 10... Column, 11... Turret head, 12... Multi-axis spindle head (gearing head), 14... Drive motor, 21... Drive shaft (output shaft) , 25...drive gear, 30...
... Rack, 32 ... Pinion, 36 ... Cylinder, 56a ... Head body, 58 ... Spindle, 59 ... Driven gear, 60 ... Input shaft, 6
7...Lock plate, 72...Coil spring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A turret head that is indexably and rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the column and has a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads mounted on the outer circumferential surface, and has a multi-axis spindle head that is indexed to a processing position. A clutch mechanism for a turret-type cutting unit in which a clutch action is performed between an input shaft on a multi-axis spindle head side and an output shaft on the column side for rotationally driving a spindle of a spindle head, comprising: A drive gear provided on the output shaft and a driven gear provided on the input shaft are each composed of externally toothed spur gears, and the output shaft is slid in the axial direction to directly engage the drive gear and the driven gear. - A clutch mechanism for a turret-type cutting unit characterized by being provided with a switching means that connects and disconnects the spindle rotational force transmission path by disengaging the clutch.