JPH0571299B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" The present invention is attached to a hulling machine installed in a facility such as a country elevator, and is used to detect the rate of dropping rice from the hulling machine. This invention relates to an evasion rate control device.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 76585/1985, there has been a technology for detecting reflected light of different wavelengths to distinguish brown rice from immature brown rice (green rice).

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" Since the above-mentioned conventional technology does not detect paddy and immature paddy, it is difficult to detect brown rice, immature brown rice, paddy, and immature paddy in the scraped rice after removal of air from the huller. If this cannot be done and hulling is performed automatically, only the number of grains of brown rice and paddy is detected as data for measuring the shedding rate, and immature brown rice and unripe paddy are treated as invalid grains, and grain size adjustment of brown rice and paddy is performed. The removal rate was calculated only by the number of rolls, and the removal rate of roll removal was controlled. Therefore, when a large amount of immature brown rice or unripe paddy is contained, there are functional problems such as a marked decrease in the accuracy of control of the yield rate.

Furthermore, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 57-158557, there was a technology to distinguish between grained grains or colored grains during milling by measuring light transmittance, but this technology could only distinguish between paddy and immature grains. Because this is not possible, it is not easy to obtain data to accurately calculate the percentage of rice that falls off the hull.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' However, the present invention provides a removal rate adjusting member that changes the removal rate of removal from rolls, and also controls brown rice and paddy in the scraped rice taken out from the removal rolls through a sample gutter. In an evasion rate control device that is provided with a grain sensor for discrimination and automatically controls an evasion rate adjustment member based on the detection result of the grain sensor, the grain sensor is provided with a plurality of light receiving elements having different reception wavelengths;
The present invention is characterized in that a calculation means is provided for determining brown rice, immature brown rice, paddy, and immature paddy based on the light reception value and light reception time of each of the light receiving elements and calculating the removal rate.

``Effect'' Therefore, in addition to brown rice and paddy in the fallen rice, immature brown rice and immature paddy can also be detected as data for measuring the shedding rate.
The number of invalid grains detected by a grain sensor can be reduced more easily than before, the shedding rate of dropped rice can be calculated accurately regardless of the increase or decrease of unripe brown rice or unripe paddy, and the shedding rate of unrolled rice can be automatically calculated. It is possible to easily improve the accuracy of control, prevent deterioration in the quality of brown rice such as no shell cracking, and improve the hulling processing capacity.

``Example'' An example of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. Figure 1 is a circuit diagram for controlling the removal rate, Figure 2 is an overall sectional view of the huller, and Figure 3 is a partial sectional plan view of the same. In the figure, 1 is installed at the top of the machine to feed dried rice A supply hopper, 2 is a payout roll that is installed at the outlet of the hopper 1 and allows a fixed amount of paddy to flow down, 3 is a shutter that varies the amount of paddy fed out by the roll 2, 4 is a screw that adjusts the opening and closing of the shutter 3;
Reference numerals 5 and 6 refer to a pair of unrollers disposed below the feed roll 2 to separate the paddy into brown rice and paddy grains, and 7 a deroller 5 on the variable side and a deroller 6 on the fixed side supported through links 8. Each roll 5,
An air cylinder-type escape rate adjusting member 9, 10 is provided below each of the rolls 5, 6 to control the mixing rice flow lower opening 1.
1 is a dropping chute, 12 is a grain flow board that is attached to allow the grain flow angle to be changed freely around a support shaft 13 on the inclined upper end side, and 14 is a grain flow board 1 from the flow port 11.
2 is a china fan for sucking and discharging straw waste such as rice husks falling from the machine through a sorting air passage 15; This is a mixed rice take-out gutter which is configured to continuously take out mixed rice through the flow grain plate 12.

Further, in the figure, reference numeral 18 is a reflector plate which is an extraction deceleration part that is placed opposite to the lower end of the grain flow board 12 and brings the flowing mixed rice into contact with it, and 19 is a sample that is connected to the center of the lower end of the flow grain board 12. A take-out chute 20 is a sample gutter that receives the mixed rice flowing down the grain plate 12 and the upper surface of the chute 19 after contacting the reflection plate 18;
21 is a non-glutinous rice sensor that is a photoconductive grain sensor that irradiates detection light onto the mixed rice falling from the sample gutter 20 and receives the reflected light to detect the amount of reflected light from the mixed rice; Therefore, it is a sample take-out gutter that feeds the mixed rice after detection to the fried grain cylinder 17, and a bracket 2 is installed above the take-out gutter 22.
3, the sample gutter 20 is fixedly supported, and the sensor 21 is attached to the bracket 23 in a height-adjustable manner.

Furthermore, a pressure-sensitive dropped rice sensor 24 such as a piezoelectric element is provided, which detects whether or not the dropped rice has fallen sufficiently by contacting the grains flowing down the sample gutter 20. It is configured to detect that the dropped rice is being sent out without interruption, and to start automatic control of the shedding rate of the rolls 5 and 6 or detection of the shedding rate by the grain sensor 21.

In addition, a detection gutter 26 equipped with a glutinous rice sensor 25 is connected to the lower end of the mixed rice take-out gutter 16, and a patch plate 28 is provided which faces from below the quantitative flow outlet 27 which faces the pick-up gutter 16. a sensing arm 30 having a balance weight 28 fixed at one end and a balance weight 29 screwed onto the other end;
The weight measuring type glutinous rice sensor 25 is formed by a potentiometer 32 connected at the middle via an operation shaft 31, and the sensing arm 30 is kept approximately horizontal by adjusting the weight 29, and the sensing arm 30 is The glutinous rice from 16 is brought into contact with the backing plate 28, and the backing plate 28 is lowered in proportion to the amount of paddy in the glutinous rice. The system is configured to detect the rate of glutinous rice leaving the rice.

As shown in FIG. 1, paddy and brown rice level setters 33 and 34 initialize the standard reflected light value of paddy and brown rice detected by the non-glutinous rice sensor 21, and initialize the standard detection time of one normal grain of paddy and brown rice. paddy and brown rice time setting devices 35 and 36, and non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice removal rate setting device 3 that initializes each removal rate reference value of the non-glutinous rice sensor 21 and the glutinous rice sensor 25.
7, 38, a manual switch 39 for manually controlling the evaporation ratio cylinder 7, an automatic switch 40 for automatically controlling the cylinder 7, and a switch for selectively switching between the output of the non-glutinous rice sensor 21 and the output of the glutinous rice sensor 25. A rice changeover switch 41 is provided.
The control circuit 42 is provided with a control circuit 42 configured by a microcomputer, and the setting devices 33 to 38 and the switches 39 to 41 are connected to the control circuit 42. 7 is connected, and the cylinder 7 is operated manually or automatically to change the depressurization of the derolls 5 and 6.

In addition, two light receiving elements 44, 4 having different light receiving wavelengths are provided.
5 in the non-glutinous rice sensor 21, and the amplifier 4
6, 47 and valid output comparators 50, 51 having invalid level setters 48, 49,
Each of the light receiving elements 44 and 45 is input connected to the control release circuit 42, and the potentiometer 32 of the glutinous rice sensor 25 is input connected to the control release circuit 42 via the amplifier 52.
4 is input connected to the decontrol circuit 42, a power source 54 is applied to each part via the main switch 53, and the outputs of the respective sensors 21, 24, 25 are connected to the decontrol circuit 4.
2, and the escape ratio cylinder 7 is automatically controlled.

Furthermore, Fig. 4 is a non-glutinous rice output diagram showing the relationship between the light reception value of the fallen rice and the light reception frequency obtained when the fallen rice is irradiated with detection light and the light is received at different wavelengths. When is 8500 Å, the light reception values of paddy, immature paddy (rice grain), and immature brown rice (green rice) were similar, and the light reception value of brown rice was detected to be lower than those. It was also found that when the light reception frequency was 6700 Å, the light reception value of immature brown rice decreased significantly, and there were differences in the light reception value between paddy and immature paddy, as well as between brown rice and immature rice. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, when an average grain of unripe rice and rice grains pass through the non-glutinous rice sensor 25 at approximately the same speed, the light reception time (t1 < t2) becomes longer, one of the light-receiving elements 44 of the non-glutinous rice sensor 21 outputs a light-receiving value with a light-receiving frequency center of 8500 Å, and that light-receiving element 44 is used for high frequencies with short reception wavelengths. The other light-receiving element 45 outputs a light-receiving value with a light-receiving frequency center of 6700 Å, and the light-receiving element 45 is used for low frequencies with a long light-receiving wavelength, and the reflection of the sample rice (dropped rice) extracted into the sample gutter 20 It is configured such that light and detection time are detected by each light receiving element 44, 45.

As is clear from the above, the removal ratio cylinder 7 is provided as an removal ratio adjustment member for changing the removal ratio of the removal rolls 5 and 6, and the removed rice medium from the removal rolls 5 and 6 is taken out through the sample gutter 20. A non-glutinous rice sensor 21, which is a grain sensor for discriminating between unpolished rice and paddy, is provided, and the parity control device automatically controls the parity cylinder 7 based on the detection result of the non-glutinous rice sensor 21, which includes a plurality of light-receiving elements 44, each having a different receiving wavelength. 45 is provided in the non-glutinous rice sensor 21, and based on the light reception value and light reception time of each of the light receiving elements 44 and 45, the decontrol is a calculation means that determines brown rice, immature brown rice, paddy, and immature paddy and calculates the removal rate. A circuit 42 is provided, and the removal ratio control output of the control circuit 42 automatically operates the removal ratio cylinder to automatically control the removal ratio of the removal rolls 5 and 6.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, when the main switch 53 is turned on and the setting devices 33 to 38 are operated to complete the initial setting, the automatic switch 40 In the OFF state, the manual switch 39 controls the operation of the release cylinder 7, and manually adjusts the pressure release of the release rolls 5 and 6 as desired.

In addition, when the automatic switch 40 is turned on and the amount of dropped rice detected by the dropped rice amount sensor 24 is more than the setting and is appropriate, the glutinous rice changeover switch 41 is turned off and the non-glutinous rice is hulled. input the output from the decontrol circuit 42,
The output value (,,) of the light receiving element 44 for high frequency (8500 Å) detection of the sensor 21 is determined, and when the output of the light receiving element 44 is the brown rice value (), the light receiving element 45 for low frequency (6700 Å) detection is determined. The output value (,,) of the light receiving element 45 is determined, and when the output of this light receiving element 45 is the brown rice value (), it is determined that the rice is brown rice.

Also, when the output of the previous light receiving element 44 is the paddy value (), the output value (,,) of the subsequent light receiving element 45 is judged, and when the output of this light receiving element 45 is the brown rice value (), it is unripe brown rice (green rice). It is determined that On the other hand, when the output of the light receiving element 45 is the paddy value (), it is determined whether this output time is longer than the paddy time to normally detect one grain of paddy, and when it is equal to or longer than the paddy time, it is determined that the paddy is paddy. If it is less than the paddy time, it is judged as immature paddy (rice grain).

Then, the number of grains detected in the samples of brown rice, immature brown rice, paddy, and immature paddy determined based on the output of each light receiving element 44, 45 is calculated, and the non-glutinous rice removal rate is calculated, and the removal rate is compared with the non-glutinous rice removal rate reference value. When the ejection rate is high, the evacuation rate cylinder 7 control lowers the depressurization of the derolls 5 and 6, while when the ejection rate is low, the cylinder 7 control increases the depressurization of the derolls 5 and 6. When the depressurization change is completed, and when the depressurization rate matches the reference value and is appropriate, the time (T seconds) for the dropped rice to move from the derolls 5 and 6 to the non-glutinous rice sensor 21. After waiting for the above period, the above-mentioned evasion rate control operation is repeated.

Furthermore, when the glutinous rice changeover switch 41 is turned on during hulling work of glutinous rice, the output from the potentiometer 32 of the glutinous rice sensor 25 is input to the decontrol circuit 42, and the glutinous rice detected by the sensor 25 is input to the decontrol circuit 42. The removal rate is compared with the glutinous rice removal rate reference value, and the removal rate cylinder 7 is operated and controlled in the same manner as described above, and when the removal rate is high, the relief pressure of the removal rolls 5 and 6 is lowered, while the removal rate is low. When the depressurization of the derolls 5 and 6 is increased, when the depressurization change is completed and the depressurization rate matches the standard value and is appropriate, the glutinous rice sensor is removed from the derolls 5 and 6. 25, the time it takes for the fallen rice to move (T
After waiting for more than 2 seconds, the above-mentioned escape rate control operation is repeated. Therefore, non-glutinous rice sensor 21
When detecting glutinous rice paddy and brown rice, the difference in reflected light values was small, so it was not possible to properly detect glutinous rice, but the glutinous rice sensor 25
By detecting the weight of the glutinous rice that has fallen off, it is possible to accurately calculate the shedding rate of sticky rice, and by selectively using the non-glutinous rice sensor 21 and the sticky rice sensor 25, the shedding rate of both non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice can be calculated. This can be appropriately adjusted by automatic control.

``Effects of the Invention'' As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention provides the removal rate adjusting member 7 for changing the removal rate of the removed rolls 5 and 6, and also provides the removal rate adjustment member 7 for changing the removal rate of the removed rolls 5 and 6, and A grain sensor 21 is provided to distinguish brown rice and paddy from the scraped rice, and the grain sensor 2
1, in which a plurality of light receiving elements 44 and 45 having different light reception wavelengths are connected to the grain sensor 2.
1, and based on the light reception value and light reception time of each of the light receiving elements 44 and 45, brown rice, immature brown rice,
It is equipped with a calculation means 42 that determines whether the rice is paddy or immature paddy and calculates the shedding rate.In addition to brown rice and paddy in the scraped rice, unripe brown rice and immature paddy can also be detected as data for measuring the shedding rate, and the grain The number of invalid grains detected by the sensor 21 can be reduced more easily than before, and the shedding rate of dropped rice can be calculated accurately regardless of the increase or decrease of unripe brown rice or immature paddy, and the shedding rate of rolled rice 5 and 6 can be automatically calculated. It is possible to easily improve control accuracy, prevent deterioration in the quality of brown rice such as no shell cracking, and improve the hulling processing capacity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an evasion control circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the huller, Fig. 3 is a partial plan view thereof, Fig. 4 is a non-glutinous rice output diagram, and Fig. 5 6 is a non-glutinous rice sensor output diagram for paddy, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart for controlling the evaporation rate. 5, 6...Delrolling, 7...Deleasing rate cylinder (Delting rate adjusting member), 20...Sample gutter, 21...
... Non-glutinous rice sensor (photoconductive grain sensor), 42
...Decontrol circuit (calculating means), 44, 45...
Light receiving element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A grain sensor 21 is provided to change the shedding ratio of the rolls 5 and 6, and to distinguish brown rice and paddy from the scraped rice taken out from the rolls 5 and 6 through the sample gutter 20. is provided, and based on the detection result of the grain sensor 21, the evasion rate adjustment member 7
In the eclipse rate control device for automatically controlling
This device is characterized by being provided with a calculation means 42 for determining brown rice, immature brown rice, paddy, and immature paddy based on the light reception value and light reception time of No. 4 and 45, and calculating the shedding rate.