JPH0412449Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] "Industrial application field" This invention is attached to a huller installed in a facility such as a country elevator, and used to detect the rate of dropping rice from the huller. This invention relates to an evasion rate control device.

``Prior art'' For example, the patent application filed in 1984 by the applicant has already been filed.
As described in No. 150183 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-28462),
There is a type of grain sensor that uses a photoconductive grain sensor consisting of a plurality of light-receiving elements that receive light at different wavelengths to discriminate between brown rice and paddy.

``Problem that the invention attempts to solve'' However, even if multiple light-receiving elements are used and their wavelengths differ as in the above-mentioned method, the accuracy of identifying brown rice and paddy can be improved; This has the disadvantage that interference significantly reduces the detection accuracy of the sensor itself, impairing control reliability.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The present invention was devised in view of the above points.A sample of rice for each grain is extracted from the mixed rice after deprocessing, and this sample is detected using a photoconductive grain sensor. In the structure that distinguishes between brown rice and paddy based on the detection of reflected light from the rice, a plurality of the grain sensors are provided in the sample rice extraction path, and a control means is provided to make the light emission detection timing of the plurality of grain sensors different. It is characterized by:

``Operation'' According to the present invention, even if multiple sensors are installed in close proximity, brown rice and paddy can be accurately identified without affecting each other from other sensors. By using a simple configuration in which a plurality of sensors are compactly incorporated, it is possible to significantly improve identification accuracy.

"Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail based on the drawings. Figure 1 is a circuit diagram for controlling the dehulling rate, Figure 2 is an overall sectional view of the huller, and Figure 3 is a partial sectional plan view of the same. A supply hopper, 2 is a payout roll that is installed at the outlet of the hopper 1 and allows a fixed amount of paddy to flow down, 3 is a shutter that varies the amount of paddy fed out by the roll 2, 4 is a screw that adjusts the opening and closing of the shutter 3;
Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote a pair of unrollers disposed below the feed roll 2 to separate the paddy into brown rice and rice husks, and 7 a pair of unrollers 5 on the variable side supported via a link 8 to unroller 6 on the fixed side. Each roll 5,
An air cylinder-type release rate cylinder 9, 10 is a release adjustment member for varying the release pressure (load) of 6;
A falling chute 12 forms a grain flow plate to which the grain flow angle can be freely changed around a support shaft 13 at the upper end of the slope; 14 a grain flow plate 12 from the flow port 11;
A karaki fan 16 sucks and discharges straw waste such as rice husks falling from the machine through a sorting air passage 15;
It is a mixed rice take-out gutter that feeds the mixed rice to the grain plate 1.
2, the mixed rice is continuously taken out.

In the figure, reference numeral 18 is a reflector plate which is an extraction deceleration unit that is placed opposite to the lower end of the grain flow plate 12 and brings the flowing mixed rice into contact with it, and 19 is a sample that is connected to the center of the lower end of the grain flow board 12. A take-out chute 20 is a sample gutter that receives the mixed rice flowing down the grain plate 12 and the upper surface of the chute 19 after contacting the reflection plate 18;
21 and 22 are photoconductive grain sensors that irradiate the mixed rice falling from the sample gutter 20 with detection light and receive the reflected light to detect the amount of reflected light from the mixed rice;
Reference numeral 23 denotes a sample takeout gutter for feeding the mixed rice detected by the sensors 21 and 22 to the grain lifting cylinder 17, and the sample gutter 20 is fixedly supported on the upper part of the taken out grain 23 via a bracket 24. The sensor 2 is attached to the bracket 24 in a height-adjustable manner.
Install 1 and 22.

Furthermore, it is equipped with a pressure-sensitive dropped rice sensor 25 such as a piezoelectric element that senses the grains flowing down the sample gutter 20 and detects whether or not the dropped rice has fallen sufficiently. It detects that the dropped rice is being sent out without interruption, and automatically controls the dropout rate of the rolls 5 and 6 or the grain sensor 21,
The system is configured to start detection of evasion rate by 22.

As shown in FIG. 1, paddy and brown rice level setters 26 and 27 initialize the reference reflected light levels of paddy and brown rice detected by the sensors 21 and 22;
Paddy and brown rice time setting devices 28 and 29 that initialize the reference detection time of a normal grain of paddy and brown rice, and a grain shedding rate setting device 30 that initializes the shedding rate reference value of the grain sensors 21 and 22. A manual switch 31 for manually controlling the escape rate cylinder 7 and an automatic switch 32 for automatically controlling the cylinder 7 are also provided. A decontrol circuit 33 configured by a microcomputer is provided, and each of the setting devices 2
6 to 30 and each switch 31, 32 are connected to the control circuit 33, and an evasion cylinder 7 is connected to the control circuit 33 via a drive circuit 34, and the cylinder 7 is operated manually or automatically. It is configured to change the pressure release of the release rolls 5 and 6.

Further, the sensors 21 and 22 have two different wavelengths.
two light emitting and light receiving elements 21a, 21b, 22a,
22b, and each light receiving element 21b, 22b having filters 21c, 22c is connected to an amplifier 35, 36.
and valid output comparators 39 and 40 having invalid level setters 37 and 38, and are connected to the decontrol circuit 33, and the amount sensor 25 of dropped rice is input and connected to the decontrol circuit 33. A power source 42 is applied to each part via a main switch 41, and the light emitting elements 21a, 2
An oscillation circuit 45 is interposed between the drive circuits 43, 44 of 2a and the main switch 41, and a knot circuit 46, which is an interference prevention member, is interposed between the oscillation circuit 45 and one of the drive circuits 44. By each operation of the oscillation circuit 45 and the knot circuit 46, which are the means, either one of the sensors 21 or 2 is activated.
When sensor 2 is performing detection operation, the other sensor 2
2 or 21 does not perform a detection operation, and the escape rate cylinder 7 is set based on these sensors 21 and 22.
The system is configured to perform automatic control.

Furthermore, Fig. 4 is a sensor output diagram showing the relationship between the light reception level of the fallen rice and the light reception frequency obtained when the fallen rice is irradiated with detection light and the light is received at different wavelengths. When is 8500 Å, the light reception levels of paddy, immature paddy (rice grain), and immature brown rice (green rice) were similar, and the light reception level of brown rice was detected to be lower than those. Also, when the receiving frequency is 6700Å,
It was found that the light reception level of immature brown rice decreased significantly, and that there were differences in the light reception level between paddy and immature paddy, as well as between brown rice and immature rice. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, an average grain of unripe rice and paddy are
When the two parts are passed with approximately the same measurement, the light reception time (t ₁ < t ₂ ) is longer when detecting paddy than immature paddy, so one sensor 21 receives reflected light with a reception frequency center of 8500 Å. The sensor 21 is used for high frequencies with short wavelengths, while the other sensor 22 receives reflected light with a reception frequency center of 6700 Å, and the sensor 22 is used for low frequencies with long wavelengths. The sensor 21, 22 detects the reflected light and detection time of the sample rice (dropped rice) extracted in the gutter 20, and distinguishes it into paddy, immature paddy, brown rice, and immature brown rice, respectively.

The bracket 24 to which the sensors 21 and 22 are attached is provided with light shielding plates 47 and 48, which are interference prevention members for preventing mutual interference between the irradiated light and the reflected light from the respective sensors 21 and 22. 47 is disposed between the sensors 21 and 22, and the other shielding plate 48 is provided above the sensor 21 so that it can also be used as a scattering prevention plate for mixed rice.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, when the main switch 53 is turned on and the setting devices 26 to 30 are operated to complete the initial setting, the automatic switch 32 In the off state, the manual switch 31 controls the operation of the release cylinder 7, and manually adjusts the pressure release of the release rolls 5 and 6 as desired.

Furthermore, when the automatic switch 32 is turned on and the amount of dropped rice detected by the dropped rice amount sensor 25 is more than the setting and is appropriate, the outputs from the sensors 21 and 22 are input to the decontrol circuit 33, and the high frequency (8500 Å) The output level of the light receiving element 21b of the detection sensor 21 is determined, and the light receiving element 2
When the 1b output is at the brown rice level, the low frequency (6700
A) The output level of the light receiving element 22b of the detection sensor 22 is determined, and when the output of the light receiving element 22b is at the level of brown rice, it is determined that the rice is brown rice.

Also, when the output of the previous light receiving element 21b is at the paddy level, the output level of the subsequent light receiving element 22b, .
When the output of the light receiving element 22b is at the brown rice level, it is determined that the rice is immature brown rice (green rice). on the other hand,
When both of the outputs of the light receiving elements 21b and 22b are at the paddy level, it is determined whether this output time is equal to or longer than the paddy time for detecting one grain of paddy, and if it is equal to or longer than the paddy time, it is determined that the paddy is paddy. If the time is less than the paddy time, the paddy is determined to be immature (rice grain).

Then, the number of grains detected in the sample of brown rice, immature brown rice, paddy, and immature paddy determined based on the output of each light receiving element 21b and 22b is calculated, and the removal rate is calculated.
The evacuation rate is compared with the evacuation rate reference value, and when the evacuation rate is high, the release pressure of the release rolls 5 and 6 is lowered by controlling the evacuation rate cylinder 7, while when the evacuation rate is low, the evacuation rate is lowered by controlling the cylinder 7. It increases the depressurization of the de-rolls 5 and 6, and when the depressurization change is completed, the de-rolls 5 and 6
After waiting for at least the time (T seconds) for the fallen rice to move from the to the sensors 21 and 22, the above-mentioned ejection rate control operation is repeated.

Further, during such work, when either the light emitting element 21a or 22a of the sensor 21 or 22 is in a state of emitting detection light, the other light emitting element 2
Since 2a or 21a stops its irradiation, mutual optical interference does not occur, and therefore highly accurate detection can be performed with a simple configuration including one oscillation circuit 45.

``Effect of the invention'' As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention extracts a sample rice for each grain from the mixed rice after deprocessing, and reflects the reflection of this sample rice by the photoconductive grain sensors 21 and 22. In a structure that discriminates between brown rice and paddy based on light detection, the structure includes a plurality of grain sensors 21 and 22 in the sample rice extraction path, and a plurality of grain sensors 21 and 22.
control means 45, 46 for differentiating the timing of light emission detection;
Therefore, even if multiple sensors 21 and 22 are installed in close proximity, each sensor 21 and 22 can accurately detect brown rice without being affected by the other sensors 21 and 22 and preventing their optical interference. Therefore, it is possible to compactly incorporate a plurality of sensors 21 and 22, and the configuration can be simplified, and the identification accuracy can also be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an evasion rate control circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the huller, Fig. 3 is a partial plan view thereof, Fig. 4 is a mixed rice sensor output diagram, 5
The figure is a sensor output diagram for paddy, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart for control of yield rate. 21, 22...grain sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a structure in which a sample rice for each grain is extracted from the mixed rice after deprocessing, and the sample rice is discriminated as brown rice or paddy based on the detection of reflected light of this sample rice by the photoconductive grain sensors 21 and 22, the grain sensor 21,2
2 in the sample rice extraction route, and
An eclipse rate control device characterized in that control means 45 and 46 are provided to make the light emission detection timings of the plurality of grain sensors 21 and 22 different.