JPH058B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" The present invention provides a double-layered curtain in a room, one of which is an opaque curtain with moisture permeability, and each of the two-layered curtains can be opened and closed at the ceiling. The present invention relates to a method for preventing dew condensation on transparent curtains in greenhouses that are

``Conventional technology'' For example, a double frame is installed in the shape of a house in a greenhouse, and a curtain that can be opened and closed on the ceiling is placed on each of the double frames (hereinafter referred to as a ``double layer curtain'') to keep heat. In addition to increasing efficiency, internal heating devices are used to maintain the indoor temperature at night at a certain level higher than the outside temperature. Since the purpose of these two-layer curtains is to increase heat retention efficiency, both curtains were completely closed at night, and there was no thought whatsoever to open either of them at night.

In this type of greenhouse, dew condenses on the inner surface of the inner two-layer curtain due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the curtain, and when the curtain is opened in the morning, the condensed water drops fall and destroy the crops. Conventionally, a moisture-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric was used for the inner curtain of a two-layer curtain to prevent the inner curtain from absorbing moisture during the night. This is done to prevent condensation by allowing the water to pass through.

Additionally, attempts have been made to use dehumidifiers in greenhouses.

``Problem to be Solved by the Invention'' Installing a dehumidifier in a greenhouse requires installing multiple dehumidifiers in the greenhouse because there is a limit to the amount of water that one dehumidifier can absorb, which increases equipment costs. becomes extremely expensive.

In addition, if the inner curtain of the two-layer curtain is made of a moisture-permeable curtain as described above, dew will not condense until the moisture absorption capacity of the curtain reaches saturation, but once it reaches saturation, condensation will occur as described above. There are problems that can cause serious problems.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing dew condensation on curtains in a greenhouse, which improves this problem.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, one of the methods of the present invention is to provide a two-layer curtain indoors with one side being an opaque curtain with air permeability and the other being a transparent curtain. In a greenhouse in which each of the double-layered curtains can be freely opened and closed at the ceiling, a means is adopted in which the transparent curtain of the two-layered curtain is partially opened continuously or intermittently at night.

In another method of the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, two-layer curtains are provided indoors, one of which is an opaque curtain with breathability, and the other is a transparent curtain, and each of the two-layer curtains is attached to the ceiling. In a greenhouse that can be freely opened and closed, a transparent curtain of the two-layer curtain is partially opened at night, and the opaque curtain is opened in the early morning to warm the room and the transparent curtain is fully closed. means are adopted.

For the transparent curtain at night, any part of the ceiling may be left partially open, but considering the normal rising state of air, it is desirable to partially open the central part along the longitudinal direction of the ceiling part.

In each of the above inventions, either the transparent curtain or the opaque curtain may be located at a lower level, and each curtain may be opened/closed by winding drive or rope drive.

Further, although it is preferable to control the opening and closing of the transparent curtain using a microcomputer, it can also be performed using a timer or a timed circuit.

"Operation" Since the method of the present invention involves partially opening a transparent curtain continuously or intermittently at night, for example, in the case of a two-layer curtain in which an opaque curtain is provided below a transparent curtain, Some of the moisture inside the curtain is absorbed by the opaque curtain, and the other part passes through the opaque curtain,
Since a part of the outer transparent curtain is opened continuously or intermittently, moisture is guided from this open part to the attic part of the greenhouse, and condensation in the attic of the greenhouse is transmitted through the attic and towards the eaves. flows to

Therefore, the amount of moisture absorbed by the opaque curtain does not reach saturation until the next morning, and dew condensation on the inner surface of the ceiling of the opaque curtain can be prevented.

In addition, since the overall humidity within the greenhouse does not change, changes in the humidity within the greenhouse have little negative impact on crops.

When the opaque curtain is provided outside the transparent curtain, a part of the inner transparent curtain is opened, so the moisture inside the transparent curtain is guided upward from the open part, and the part of the transparent curtain is opened. Some of the dew is absorbed by the opaque curtain, and the other part passes through the opaque curtain and is guided toward the attic of the greenhouse, and the condensation on the attic flows through the attic toward the eaves, preventing it from condensing on the inner surface of the transparent curtain. It can be prevented.

When the transparent curtain of the two-layer curtain is left partially open at night, and the opaque curtain is fully closed when the opaque curtain is opened in the early morning to warm the room, if the inside of the transparent curtain Even if there is dew condensation, the inside of the transparent curtain is heated, which evaporates the water droplets and at the same time revitalizes the crops.

"An example of an apparatus for implementing the method of the present invention" FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus in a greenhouse for implementing the method of the present invention, and the greenhouse a has a single building structure.

Inside the greenhouse 1, double frames 11 and 21 are provided along the inside of the outer wall at regular intervals in the length direction of the ridge.
2 and 22, frame 11 and frame 2
A transparent curtain 10 and an opaque curtain 20 are fixedly stretched below the purlin-like members 13 and 23 on both sides connecting each other.

Transparent curtains 1, 1 made of vinyl film or the like are stretched over the ceiling of the frame 11, with one end fixed to the purlin-like members 13, 13 on both sides, and the other end fixed to winding rods 14, 14. , these transparent curtains 1, 1 have winding rods 14, 14 connected to each driving device 1.
5 rotates forward and backward on each frame 11 and is wound up on the winding rods 14, 14 respectively to open the ceiling part, and the winding rods 14, 14
The structure is such that each sheet is rewound to close the ceiling part.

Each of the transparent curtains 1, 1 is opened and closed under the control of a microcomputer 3 that monitors the detected value of the temperature sensor 6, mainly to keep the room warm. It opens and closes according to the set time.

A moisture permeable opaque curtain 2, 2 made of non-woven fabric or the like is stretched over the ceiling of the frame 21, with one end fixed to the crest member 26 and the other end fixed to the winding rods 24, 24. Opaque curtain 2,
2, the winding rods 24, 24 are rotated forward and backward on the frame 21 by the drive device 25, so that the winding rods 24, 24 are respectively wound and the ceiling portion is opened, and the winding is completed. The rods 24, 24 are each wound back to close the ceiling portion.

Inside the greenhouse a surrounded by curtains 2 and 20, a heater 4 for heating and a temperature sensor 6 are provided, and the operation of the heater 4 is controlled by a microcomputer 3 based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 6. Ru.

5 is a solar radiation sensor, and the detected value of this solar radiation sensor 5 is monitored by a microcomputer 3, and the opaque curtain 2 is opened and closed under the control of the microcomputer 3.

Embodiment In this embodiment, control for preventing dew condensation is performed by the microcomputer 3 in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and an example of the control procedure will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

The final time to close the transparent curtain 1 on that day ("transparent curtain closing time" in FIG. 2),
That is, at sunset time, the winding rods 14, 14 rotate from the positions indicated by two-dot chain lines in FIG.
The time required to wind up the transparent curtain 1 and half-close the transparent curtain 1 (the "half-closing time" in FIG. 2), and the time required for the winding rods 14, 14 to further rotate to move the frame 11, 14 from the solid line position in the same diagram. The time required to reach the top of 11 is set in the microcomputer 3 in advance.

When the final time to close the transparent curtain 1 arrives, the microcomputer 3 instructs the winding drive device 15 of each transparent curtain 1 to "transparent curtain semi-close operation ON", and as a result, each drive device 15 closes the winding rod 14 of each transparent curtain 1. is rotated in the direction of winding up the transparent curtain 1.

When the preset "half-close operation time" has elapsed, the microcomputer 3 starts the "transparent curtain half-close operation time".
OFF” command causes each drive device 15 to stop.
Each transparent curtain 1 maintains a partially open state as shown by the solid line in FIG.

Thereafter, the microcomputer 3 monitors the open/closed state of the opaque curtain 2.

In this embodiment, when sunrise or sunlight is observed, the drive devices 25, 25 are activated to fully open the opaque curtains 2, 2 to let in sunlight; When the drive device 15, 15 moves the winding rod 14,
14 is operated to rotate the transparent curtain 1 in the unwinding direction, and when the "full closing operation time" has elapsed,
"Transparent curtain fully closed operation OFF" from microcomputer 3
In response to this command, each drive device 15 is stopped, the transparent curtains 1, 1 are fully closed, and the condensation prevention control is completed.

Thereafter, the inside of the greenhouse is heated by the heater 4 while the transparent curtains 1, 1 are kept fully closed, and when the inside of the greenhouse reaches a certain temperature, the transparent curtains 1, 1 are fully opened again.

In the above embodiment, at night, the transparent curtains 1, 1 are partially opened along the longitudinal direction at the center of the frame 11 (half-closed or half-opened state) as shown in FIG. 2 and 2 are in a fully closed state. At night, the inside of the greenhouse is controlled by the microcomputer 3 and controlled by the heater 4 to maintain a temperature higher than the outside air, so moisture is generated in the room b between the opaque curtains 2, 2 and the curtains 20, 20. A part of it rises and is absorbed by the moisture-permeable opaque curtains 2, 2, but the other part passes through the opaque curtains 2, 2 and enters the greenhouse a from the partially open part of the transparent curtains 1, 1. rose to the attic of
Condensation on the attic surface flows along the attic toward both eaves.

Therefore, since the overall humidity within the greenhouse remains the same, adverse effects on the crops due to changes in humidity can be avoided, and even if the humidity in the room b increases considerably, the amount of moisture absorbed by the opaque curtains 2, 2 will not reach a saturated state. There is no condensation on the inside.

Even if there is dew condensation on the inside of the transparent curtains 1, 1, the transparent curtains 1, 1 are fully closed when heating the greenhouse early in the morning, so the transparent curtains 1, 1
The water droplets evaporate as the inside heats up.

Even if the positional relationship between the transparent curtains 1, 1 and the opaque curtains 2, 2 is reversed to that shown in Figure 1, by leaving the inner transparent curtain 1 partially open, the moisture in the room can be released. rises from the
A part of the dew is absorbed by the outer opaque curtain, and the other part passes through the opaque curtain and rises to the attic of the greenhouse a, so that no dew condenses on the inside of the inner transparent curtain for the same reason as described above.

The above method for preventing condensation is transparent curtain 1.
Since it is partially open at night, indoor b
However, when comparing the increase in heating costs due to heat loss and the negative impact on crops due to dew condensation, the latter has a much greater impact. The degree to which the transparent curtains are left open at night should be determined as appropriate depending on the crops being grown, the temperature difference between inside and outside the greenhouse, the indoor temperature to be controlled, etc., within a range that minimizes heat loss and prevents condensation. Depending on the following conditions, it is sufficient to set the area in the range of one-third to one-fifth of the front area of the transparent curtain 1.

In each of the embodiments described above, in order to intermittently open the transparent curtains 1, 1, the transparent curtains 1, 1 are partially opened for a certain period of time at certain time intervals. Such control can be easily performed using a microcomputer, a timer, a timer circuit, or the like.

"Effects of the Invention" The dew condensation prevention method according to the present invention provides a two-layer curtain in which one side is an opaque curtain with moisture permeability and the other is a transparent curtain, and each of the two-layer curtains is stretched at the ceiling part so that it can be opened and closed freely. Since the transparent curtain of the two-layer curtain is left partially open continuously or intermittently at night in a greenhouse where the curtain is closed, condensation on the curtain can be effectively prevented at an extremely low cost. can,
It can prevent the negative impact on crops due to dew condensation. Also,
Since the overall humidity within the greenhouse does not change, changes in humidity during the night do not have any negative impact on crops.

Furthermore, if the opaque curtain is opened early in the morning to warm the room and the transparent curtain is fully closed, even if there is dew condensation on the inside of the transparent curtain, the water droplets will evaporate as the inside of the curtain is warmed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of opening/closing control of a transparent curtain in the method of the present invention. Explanation of main symbols in the figure: a: greenhouse, b: indoor, 1
1 is a transparent curtain, 11 is a frame, 14 is a winding rod, 15 is a drive device, 2 is an opaque curtain having moisture permeability, 21 is a frame, 24 is a winding shaft, 25
is a drive device, 3 is a microcomputer, and 4 is a heater.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a greenhouse where two-layer curtains are provided indoors, one of which is an opaque curtain that allows moisture permeability, and the other is a transparent curtain, and each of the two-layer curtains is stretched at the ceiling so that it can be opened and closed. , characterized in that the transparent curtain of the two-layer curtain is kept partially open continuously or intermittently at night;
How to prevent condensation on greenhouse curtains. 2 In a greenhouse where two-layer curtains are installed indoors, one of which is an opaque curtain that allows moisture to pass through, and the other is a transparent curtain, and each of the two-layer curtains is stretched at the ceiling so that it can be opened and closed, the two-layer curtain is installed at night. A method for preventing dew condensation on curtains in a greenhouse, the method comprising partially opening a transparent curtain among the curtains, opening the opaque curtain early in the morning to warm the room, and fully closing the transparent curtain.