JPH0593735U - Tool changer for machine tools - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To allow tools to be automatically attached to and detached from the spindle at low cost and automatically. [Structure] Spindle 1 with worn tool 13 mounted
1 is fitted into the slit 32 from the side of the removal jig 28, and then moved in the axial direction, so that the tool 13
Is locked by the removal jig 28 and disengaged from the tip of the spindle 11. Of the tools 13 held in the tool holder 29, any one new tool recessed hole 1
When the enlarged head 12 of the spindle 11 is pushed into 7 and moved laterally, the tool 13 is easily attached to the tip of the spindle 11 and detached from the tool holder 29.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a tool changer applied to a machine tool configured to be used by attaching and detaching a tool to and from a tip portion of a spindle, such as a machine tool such as an automatic grinder.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 For example, in a conventional automatic polishing machine that polishes the surface of a mold for resin molding, a spindle equipped with a polishing tool such as a grindstone or sandpaper is rotated by an air motor, and the rotating polishing tool is moved to the mold. Automatically move the surface of the mold by pressing it against the surface of the mold in the X direction which is the left and right direction, the Y direction which is the front and back direction, and the Z direction which is the up and down direction by numerical control according to a predetermined program. I was polishing it.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the conventional machine tools such as the above-described automatic polishing machine, in reality, many polishing operations can be performed unattended until the end by automatic control if the tool life is short. In this case, the machine had to be stopped before it reached the end of its useful life, and a worker had to intervene to manually replace the tool with a new one. Therefore, the time during which automatic control by unmanned is possible depends on the tool life, the automatic control function cannot be used effectively, and continuous unmanned operation time cannot be extended.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technique, the present invention is a machine tool that enables unattended and unattended automatic attachment / detachment of a tool to / from a spindle at low cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool changing device in.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a tip portion of a spindle by press-fitting an enlarged head portion provided at the tip portion of the spindle into a concave hole provided in a tool. A tool changer in a machine tool that attaches a tool to a workpiece and moves the tool with respect to the workpiece while rotating the tool together with the spindle, within a movement range of the spindle. In a machine tool support in place, the slits are fixed at a distance equal to or greater than the length of the tool, and the width of one side edge is smaller than the outer diameter of the tool and larger than the outer diameter of the enlarged head of the spindle. It is characterized in that it is provided with a detaching jig that is cut and a tool holder that holds a plurality of tools so that they can be separated by moving them in parallel with the surface of the support.

[0006] It is preferable that the support body can be easily attached to and detached from a desired position of the machine tool by a permanent magnet.

[0007]

[Action]

 With the tool mounted on the tip of the spindle positioned between the support and the removal jig, remove the spindle from the side of the jig into the slit, then remove the spindle from the jig. By moving it upward in the axial direction to separate it, the enlarged head at the tip of the spindle is forcibly pulled out from the concave hole of the tool, and the tool is locked by the removal jig and separated from the tip of the spindle. Be done.

Next, the spindle is moved into the concave hole of one of the tools held by the tool holder, and the enlarged head of the spindle is pushed in from above to be fitted, and then the spindle is parallel to the surface of the support body. When moved to, the tool is easily attached to the tip of the spindle and disengages from the tool holder.

By teaching and storing the movement of the spindle at this time in the control device in advance, the tool can be automatically changed.

[0010]

Embodiment One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, reference numeral 1 is a base, 2 is a gate-shaped column standing on the base 1, and 3 is a work table mounted on the base 1 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, 4 is a processing head.

The machining head 4 includes an X-axis servomotor 5 provided on the right side of the upper end of the column 2 and a Y-axis provided on the front left side of a sliding body 6 mounted on the upper part of the column 2 so as to be movable back and forth. By the servo motor 7 and the Z-axis servo motor 9 provided on the upper part of the lifting body 8 mounted on the front part of the sliding body 6 so as to be movable up and down, the X-axis direction which is the left-right direction and the Y-direction which is the front-back direction. It is movable in the axial direction and the Z-axis direction which is the vertical direction.

The processing head 4 is equipped with a downward facing spindle 11 which is rotated by an air motor 10.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, at the lower end of the spindle 11, an enlarged head 12 having an approximately spherical body shape, which is a regular hexagon when viewed from the tip and is substantially circular when viewed from the side. Is provided.

The tool 13 attached to the illustrated apparatus is a polishing tool for polishing the surface of a mold, and a disc-shaped grindstone (or sachet) is attached to the tip of a cylindrical base 14 via a urethane pad 15. 16) is attached. At the base end of the base body 14 (upper end in FIG. 6), an opening is opened and a concave hole 17 whose cross-sectional shape is a regular hexagon complementary to the enlarged head 12 is provided.

Near the opening of the recessed hole 17 in the base 14, three holding pins 18 for preventing the enlarged head 12 from coming off from the recessed hole 17 by a spherically shaped tip portion 18 a form a regular hexagonal recessed hole. The inner surfaces of 17 are arranged so as to extend in a radial pattern orthogonal to every other side.

A horizontal slit 18 b is formed at the outer end of each hold pin 18 protruding from the outer surface of the base body 14. The 0-ring 19 fitted on the base body 14 is engaged with the slit 18 b. By doing so, the respective hold pins 18 are urged inward, that is, in the centripetal direction by the contracting force of the O-ring 19, so that the enlarged head 12 can be prevented from coming off from the concave hole 17.

The polishing tool 13 can be easily pushed toward the enlarged head 12 of the spindle 11 regardless of the direction (phase around the axis) when the spindle 11 stops rotating, and the tip of the spindle 11 can be easily moved. It is attached to the spindle 11 and is retained by the hold pin 18 from the spindle 11, and the corner portion 12a of the enlarged head 12 is fitted into the corner portion 17a of the recessed hole 17 to prevent the spindle 11 from rotating. ..

That is, when the enlarged head 12 is fitted into the concave hole 17 of the polishing tool 13, when the corner 12a of the enlarged head 12 and the corner 17a of the concave hole 17 are completely aligned with each other. The expansion head 12 is smoothly fitted into the recessed hole 17. Further, even if the corner 12a of the enlarged head 12 and the corner 17a of the concave hole 17 are not completely coincident with each other and the spindle 11 and the polishing tool 13 are slightly eccentric, the enlarged head 12 The ridge line of any one of the corners 12a of the ridge contacts the middle of any side of the opening of the recessed hole 17, and as the enlarged head 12 enters the recessed hole 17, the ridge line of the recessed hole 17 Guided along each side of the opening, both corners 12a and 17a are forced to coincide with each other, and the enlarged head 12 and the recessed hole 17 are automatically positioned. The enlarged head 12 is fitted into the recess 17 smoothly.

When the corner 12a of the enlarged head 12 abuts on the center of each side of the opening of the recessed hole 17, the enlarged head 12 is no longer fitted in the recessed hole 17, but such a situation occurs. The probability of occurrence of is extremely small. In such a case, once the enlarged head 12 is separated from the polishing tool 13 and the air motor 10 is momentarily operated, the spindle 11 is completely stopped, or the spindle 11 is rotated by the remaining force. It is sufficient to refit the enlarged head portion 12 into the recessed hole 17 during the operation.

Once the enlarged head 12 is fitted in the recessed hole 17, the corner 12 a of the enlarged head 12 is fitted in the corner 17 a of the recessed hole 17, whereby the polishing tool 13 is attached to the spindle 11. The rotation force of the spindle 11 can be reliably transmitted to the polishing tool 13 against rotation, and the polishing tool 13 is prevented from coming off the spindle 11 by the hold pin 18. There is no delusion from 11.

With the polishing tool 13 mounted on the spindle 11 as described above, the spindle 11 is rotated by the air motor 10 and the servomotors 5, 7, 9 are numerically controlled to rotate the polishing tool 13 The surface of the work 20 can be polished by moving the workpiece while pressing it against the surface of the work 20 held on the work table 3.

The present invention is characterized in that such an automatic polishing machine is provided with a tool changing device 21 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The tool changing device 21 includes a substantially horizontal support 22 and a permanent magnet 27 which is insulated by insulating plates 23 and 24 and an insulating cylinder 25 on both lower surfaces of both sides of the support 22 and fixed by bolts 26. It comprises a removal jig 28 provided on the right half of the upper surface of the support 22 and a tool holder 29 provided on the left half of the upper surface of the support 22.

The removal jig 28 was supported in parallel with the support 22 by a support plate 30 standing upright from the top of the support 22 with a gap of at least the length of the polishing tool 13 from the top of the support 22. A locking plate 31 is provided. A slit 32 having a width smaller than the outer diameter of the base 14 of the polishing tool 13 and larger than the outer diameter of the enlarged head 12 of the spindle 11 is cut from the front edge of the locking plate 31 toward the center. .

A hole 33 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the grindstone 16 of the polishing tool 13 is formed in the support 22 located immediately below the rear end of the slit 32.

In this embodiment, the tool holder 29 is secured to the support 22 by the left bolt 26 so that it is spaced from the upper surface of the support 22 by the spacer 34, and is appropriately attached. A plurality of substantially U-shaped tool holding grooves 36 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral edge of a circular plate 35 pivotally attached so as to rotate with a resistance force, and the tool holding grooves 36 are used for the polishing tool. 13 is positioned. Alternatively, a slightly elastically deformable disk 35 made of synthetic resin may be used so that the polishing tool 13 can be detachably attached to each tool holding groove 36 from the side with an appropriate resistance force.

As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the tool changing device 21 is attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 27 on the base 1 (or the work table 3, the column 2 or the like) within the moving range of the spindle 11. When the polishing tool 13 attached and mounted on the spindle 11 is consumed, the polishing tool 13 is replaced with a new one as follows.

That is, the spindle 11 is set so that the worn-out polishing tool 13 mounted on the tip of the spindle 11 is located between the support 22 and the locking plate 31 of the removal jig 28. The slits 11 are fitted in the slits 32 from the front to the rear, and then the spindle 11 is moved axially, that is, upward, away from the locking plate 31. Then, since the polishing tool 13 is locked by the locking plate 31, the enlarged head 12 at the tip of the spindle 11 is forcibly pulled out from the concave hole 17 of the polishing tool 13, and the polishing tool 13 moves to the spindle. At the same time as it is disengaged from the front end of the support 22, it falls on the base 1 through the hole 33 of the support 22.

Next, after moving the spindle 11 onto the concave hole 17 of any of the new polishing tools 13 held and positioned by the tool holder 29 and pushing the enlarged head 12 of the spindle 11 from above, When the spindle 11 is moved parallel to the surface of the support 22, the polishing tool 13 is easily attached to the tip of the spindle 11 and laterally separated from the tool holder 29.

The movement of the spindle 11 at this time is taught in advance by a control device (not shown) and stored, and a tool for exchange is arranged at a predetermined position, so that the tool exchange can be performed at a predetermined time. It can be done automatically according to the procedure.

The tool exchanging device of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various changes and modifications are possible. For example, a spindle and a tool (not limited to a polishing tool). The connection structure with and can be applied to any structure as long as it can be connected only by pressing the spindle against the tool.

[0033]

[Effect of the device]

 As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, an existing machine tool capable of automatically moving the spindle according to a preset program is provided with a removing jig and a tool holder. By simply installing a support with a simple structure, tool change can be automatically performed easily and at low cost, which is convenient and, along with the automation of the original work operation, unattended operation Allows fully automatic controlled operation of time. Therefore, it has a great effect on effective use of machine tools.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of an embodiment of a tool changing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of an automatic polishing machine equipped with the tool changer of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway enlarged front view of the tool mounting portion.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view of only the spindle seen from the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view seen from below in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Base 2 Column 11 Spindle 12 Enlarged Head 13 Polishing Tool (Tool) 17 Recessed Hole 18 Hold Pin 20 Work 21 Tool Changer 22 Support 27 Permanent Magnet 28 Removal Tool 29 Tool Holder 31 Locking Plate 32 Slit 35 Disc 36 Tool holding groove

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An enlarged head provided at the tip of a spindle,
The tool is attached to the tip of the spindle by press-fitting it into the recessed hole provided in the tool, and the tool is moved with respect to the workpiece while rotating the tool together with the spindle, thereby processing the workpiece. A tool exchanging device for a machine tool, which is fixed to a support provided at a proper position of the machine tool within a moving range of the spindle with a space equal to or longer than the length of the tool, and at one side edge portion of the outer diameter of the tool. A removal jig having a slit, which is small and has a width larger than the outer diameter of the enlarged head of the spindle, and a tool holder that holds a plurality of tools so that they can be separated by moving them in parallel with the surface of the support. A tool exchanging device for a machine tool, characterized by being provided with.