JPH0617373A - Synthetic fiber woven and knitted fabric with improved hygroscopicity - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a polyester fiber woven or knitted fabric which retains the advantages of the polyester fiber and also has a cool feeling, hygroscopicity and water absorption. [Structure] Porous synthesis having fine pores having a diameter of 0.001 to 10 microns and a length of 50 times or less of the diameter scattered over the entire cross section, and some of the pores communicate with each other. A natural protein is impregnated in at least a part of the micropores of a woven or knitted fabric containing fibers and is crosslinked and insolubilized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric which has improved functions related to one of the weak points of synthetic fibers, that is, moisture or sweat, especially vapor-based sweat, and improved wearing comfort as clothes. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, synthetic fibers are superior to natural fibers in mechanical properties and dyeing fastness, and are durable as clothes and easy to handle. Further, in recent years, due to innovations in synthetic fiber manufacturing technology and woven / knitted material manufacturing technology, synthetic fiber woven / knitted fabrics have been manufactured that are as good as those of natural fibers in terms of texture.

[0003] However, it is unavoidable that the wearing comfort as clothes especially related to sweat is far below that of natural fibers. Especially with regard to vapor-based sweat, the hygroscopicity of the fibers is greatly involved. Even for synthetic fibers, with regard to water-based sweat, a resin finish that improves the wettability of the fibers, devising the physical structure of the fibers (cross section, side morphology), woven and knitted cloth structure (appropriate placement of inter-fiber voids) Many methods have been proposed for improving the water absorption by devising the above. However, all of these are nothing more than a physical space for absorbing the sweat of water based on the micro space between the fibers, that is, capillaries, and completely ineffective for sweat of steam.

However, most natural fibers have a function of absorbing steam-based sweat, that is, a moisture-absorbing surname, and naturally have a comfortable surname that softens the heat of clothing and gives a cool feeling. There is.

Although attempts have been made for a long time to improve the hygroscopicity of synthetic fibers, they have not yet achieved satisfactory functions. The method of modifying the matrix polymer of synthetic fiber to obtain hygroscopicity is not impossible from the viewpoint of only the moisture absorption rate, which is comparable to that of natural fiber, but if it is modified to that level, the mechanical properties characteristic of synthetic fiber are There is a limit because the excellent dyeing fastness is impaired. Also, it is common to knead another hygroscopic substance into the fiber while leaving the substrate as it is, or to attach it to the surface of the fiber later, but knead or attach it without impairing other properties. The amount of hygroscopic substance that can be obtained is small, and the moisture absorption rate that is improved is also very small, which is not enough to improve the wearing comfort. Although a method of attaching a hygroscopic substance to the surface of the fiber afterwards is a simple and inexpensive method, it has a drawback that it is easily removed by washing and the hygroscopic performance is poor.

[0006]

Synthetic fibers generally have almost no hygroscopicity, and have a defect in a sweat processing function when worn as clothes, and synthetic fiber clothes are said to be hot and humid. There is. Sweat includes insensitive evacuation and sensing evacuation. Vapor-based sweat is continuously excreted during insensitive evacuation, and vapor-based sweat and water-based sweat are continuously excreted during perceptual evacuation. If clothes cannot swiftly and appropriately absorb both of the water-based sweat and the vapor-based sweat that are constantly excreted, the sweat will remain on the skin and the humidity in the clothes will increase excessively. In addition, the dew condensation on the clothes and the sweat remaining on the skin cause an uncomfortable feeling such as stickiness and coldness.

[0007] Water-based sweat is particularly observed when the environment is hot or when exercise is performed with a high body temperature, but steam-based sweat is always present at any time and at any time. Therefore,
How the garment can appropriately handle this sweat (both water-based and steam-based sweat) is deeply involved in the comfort of the garment.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to rapidly and sufficiently produce both vapor-type sweat and water-type sweat without impairing the mechanical superiority inherent in the synthetic fiber and the excellent dyeing fastness to the synthetic fiber. Another object of the present invention is to propose a synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric that has sweat absorbing functionality and is suitable for manufacturing comfortable clothes.

[0009]

The present invention has a diameter of 0.00
A woven or knitted fabric containing porous synthetic fibers having fine pores having a diameter of 1 to 10 microns and a length of 50 times or less of the diameter, which are scattered throughout the cross section, and some of which are in communication with each other. The present invention provides a synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric in which at least a part of the fine pores is impregnated with a natural protein and is crosslinked and insolubilized to have improved hygroscopicity.

More preferably, the present invention has a hollow portion communicating with the fiber axial direction, and still has a diameter of 0.0 over the entire cross section thereof.
A woven or knitted fabric containing a porous hollow fiber having a diameter of 01 to 10 microns, a length of 50 times or less of the diameter, and at least a portion of which communicates with the hollow portion is dispersed.
Provided is a synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric in which the fine pores and hollows are impregnated with a natural protein and are crosslinked and insolubilized to have improved hygroscopicity.

In the present invention, a woven or knitted fabric means a woven or knitted fabric.

Suitable synthetic fibers may be used as the synthetic fibers, but polyester fibers, especially polyethylene terephthalate fibers are preferred.

The synthetic fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention have a diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm, preferably 0.01 to 5 μm.
It is essential to have a structure in which micropores, the length of which is 50 times or less of the diameter, are scattered over the entire cross section, and a part of the micropores communicate with each other. It is preferable to have a hollow portion communicating with the fiber axis direction. In this case, the ratio of hollow portions, that is, the hollow ratio is 3 to
50% is preferable.

These fibers can be obtained, for example, from JP-A-57-11.
It can be produced by the method disclosed in JP-A No. 212 and JP-A No. 57-139516.

After weaving or knitting using the porous synthetic fiber having such a structure, the size of the fine pores on the surface of the fiber is adjusted by a reduction treatment with an alkali to impregnate the natural protein, if desired.

Examples of natural proteins include gelatin, collagen, fibroin, soybean protein, casein, sericin, etc. Essentially any natural protein can be used, but sericin is particularly preferred from the viewpoints of easy handling and fiber performance.

These natural proteins are usually impregnated into the above-mentioned woven or knitted product in the form of a solution. Water is preferred as the solvent. Sericin is easy to handle because it is easily soluble in cold water and the aqueous solution does not gel. Proteins that are soluble in water-insoluble organic solvents
It may be impregnated with an organic solvent solution. Insoluble proteins can be used if they can be classified into these.

Thus, when there are fine holes and hollow portions,
After arranging the natural protein in the hollow portion, it is subjected to a crosslinking insolubilization treatment. Crosslink insolubilization is preferably carried out by preliminarily allowing a polyvalent compound having a valence of 2 or more, which is reactive with a functional group such as an amino group or a carboxyl group possessed by the protein, to coexist, and then performing a heating reaction. Examples of the cross-linking agent include aldehydes such as formalin and glutaraldehyde, and polyfunctional cross-linking agents such as various epoxy compounds. Those having a glycidyl ether-based or water-based urethane-based crosslinking function and a film-forming matrix function. Are more preferably used.

Thus, the remarkable effect of absorbing not only water-based sweat but also steam-based sweat is obtained without impairing the original excellent functional performance and dyeing fastness of the synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric. The comfort of the car can be significantly improved.

[0020]

【Example】

Example 1 40d of hollow polyester fiber having fine pores satisfying the conditions of the present invention (trade name: Welkey: manufactured by Teijin Ltd.)
15 for a 24 gauge smooth knitted fabric using
The test cloth was subjected to the alkali reduction processing of 10%. A usual mangle pad treatment was applied to the cloth. An aqueous solution having the following composition was used as the treatment liquid. Sericin 50 g Polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 50 g Diethylenetriamine 2 g / 1 L This fabric was heat treated at 160 ° C. for 30 seconds.

Comparative Example 1 (Ordinary Water Absorption Process for Polyester) SR-1000 (Takamatsu Yushi Co., Ltd.) was adjusted to 4% owf, and an appropriate amount of acetic acid was added thereto to adjust the pH to about 3.5. It was used as a treatment liquid. The same hollow polyester fiber cloth as in Example 1 was subjected to 15% weight reduction processing. This fabric was immersed in a water-absorption processing agent (SR-1000: Takamatsu Yushi Co., Ltd.) at 110 ° C. for 30 minutes. After removing excess treatment liquid from the fabric thus treated with mangle, 1
Heat treatment was performed at 50 ° C. for 1 minute. Table 1 shows a comparison of the above water absorption. (Measurement method) Biresoku (JIS-L-10
96) method.

[Table 1]

As is clear from the table, the knitted fabric using the cloth of Comparative Example 1 exhibited more than twice the water absorption as compared with the water absorption of the ordinary polyester fiber knitted fabric. Comparative Example 1
The improved water absorption was maintained even after the impregnation and crosslinking treatment with sericin. Next, Table 2 shows a comparison of the hygroscopicity of the above cloths.

The hygroscopicity of the fibers was evaluated by the following method. 1) The fiber to be measured is weighed after being maintained in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 65% RH or at 40 ° C. and 90% RH for 2 hours. (Measurement value A) 2) 1 for the fiber whose weight after moisture absorption was confirmed in 1)
After treatment at 05 ° C. for 2 hours and drying, the weight is measured.
(Measured value B) 3) The moisture absorption rate (%) is calculated from the following formula. Moisture absorption rate = (measured value A−measured value B) / measured value B × 100

[Table 2]

As is apparent from the table, the fabric using the regular polyester does not show hygroscopicity at all. Also,
The fabric of Comparative Example 1 having improved water absorption does not show hygroscopicity at all. On the other hand, the fabric of Example 1 exhibited high hygroscopicity. Next, Table 3 shows a comparison of contact thermal sensation of the above fabrics.

When wearing clothing, when the clothing material comes into contact with humans, it may feel cold / warm. This is called contact thermal sensation. The contact thermal sensation on the cloth can be regarded as a local transient heat conduction phenomenon that occurs between the cloth having different temperatures and the skin surface. The cold feeling on the skin
It is caused by the rate at which the skin temperature drops, and is related to the specific heat and thermal conductivity of the material and the size of the contact area of the material. This contact thermal sensation can be quantified by the local heat transfer on the skin surface, and Qmax (cal / c
m ² · sec).

An increase in Qmax was confirmed with an increase in the amount of sericin applied. The rate of increase in the amount of heat transfer, for example, the rate of increase in the amount of heat transfer of 37%, is an effect comparable to that obtained by mixing 50% cotton with the hollow polyester fiber.

[Table 3]

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location D03D 15/00 E 7199-3B

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Pores having fine pores having a diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm and a length of 50 times or less of the diameter scattered over the entire cross section, and some of the pores communicate with each other. A woven or knitted fabric containing a high quality synthetic fiber, wherein a natural protein is impregnated in at least a part of the fine pores and is crosslinked and insolubilized to improve the hygroscopicity. 2. A porous synthetic fiber is a porous hollow fiber having a hollow portion communicating with the fiber axis direction, and at least a part of the fine pores scattered in a cross section communicates with the hollow portion. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the protein is also impregnated in at least a part of the fine pores and the hollow part and is crosslinked and insolubilized. 3. The synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the porous synthetic fiber is polyester. 4. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 2, wherein the hollow ratio is 3 to 50%. 5. The woven or knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the natural protein is sericin.