JPH0633183B2 - Method of joining dissimilar materials - Google Patents
Method of joining dissimilar materialsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0633183B2 JPH0633183B2 JP60221913A JP22191385A JPH0633183B2 JP H0633183 B2 JPH0633183 B2 JP H0633183B2 JP 60221913 A JP60221913 A JP 60221913A JP 22191385 A JP22191385 A JP 22191385A JP H0633183 B2 JPH0633183 B2 JP H0633183B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- metal
- composite material
- resistant
- carbon
- Prior art date
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- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 [発明の目的] (産業上の利用分野) この発明は、炭素繊維/炭素複合材料または金属繊維・
炭素繊維/炭素複合材料と耐熱金属材料とを密閉状態で
接合するのに利用される異種材料の接合方法に関するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is directed to a carbon fiber / carbon composite material or a metal fiber.
The present invention relates to a method for joining dissimilar materials used for joining a carbon fiber / carbon composite material and a refractory metal material in a hermetically sealed state.
(従来の技術) 従来、セラミックス等の無機質材料と金属材料とを接合
(結合)する方法としては、例えば、セラミックスの表
面にメタライジングを施し、必要に応じて金属めっきを
行ったのち、金属とろう付けを行う高融点金属法や、非
常に活性な金属と、この金属と比較的低融点の合金をつ
くる金属とを共晶組成となる割合でセラミックスと金属
との間に挿入し、真空中または不活性雰囲気中で加熱す
る活性金属法や、セラミックスと金属との間に酸化物ソ
ルダーを入れて加熱する方法などがあった。(セラミッ
クス技術集成,セラミックス材料技術編委員会編,昭和
54年4月10日発行,第738頁〜第747頁:日本
金属学会報第22巻第1号第3頁〜第7頁)。(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a method of joining (bonding) an inorganic material such as ceramics and a metal material, for example, the surface of the ceramics is metallized, and if necessary, metal plating is performed, and then metal A high melting point metal method for brazing, or a very active metal and a metal that forms an alloy with a relatively low melting point of this metal are inserted between the ceramic and the metal at a ratio of eutectic composition, Alternatively, there are an active metal method of heating in an inert atmosphere, a method of putting an oxide solder between ceramics and a metal, and heating. (Ceramics technology compilation, Ceramics material technology edition committee edition, published April 10, 1979, pp. 738-747: Japan Institute of Metals, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 3-7).
(発明が解決しようとする問題点) このような従来のセラミックス材料と金属材料とを接合
する方法では、ろう材や酸化物ソルダーを使用している
ため、接合部に例えば酸化物ソルダーとしてAl
2O3,CaOを主成分とするものを用いたとしてその
融点が約1500℃程度であることから、とくに無機質
材料として、炭素繊維/炭素複合材料や、金属繊維・炭
素繊維/炭素複合材料のように、耐熱温度が2000℃
以上にも及ぶような材料と高融点金属材料とを接合する
場合には、上記した従来の接合方法では接合強度の維持
が困難であるという問題点があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In such a conventional method for joining a ceramic material and a metal material, since a brazing filler metal or an oxide solder is used, for example, as an oxide solder, Al is used in the joint portion.
Since the melting point of the material containing 2 O 3 and CaO as the main components is about 1500 ° C., carbon fibers / carbon composite materials and metal fibers / carbon fibers / carbon composite materials are used as inorganic materials. Like, the heat resistant temperature is 2000 ℃
When joining the above-mentioned materials and the high melting point metal material, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain the joining strength by the above-mentioned conventional joining method.
この発明は、このような従来の問題点に着目してなされ
たもので、接合部における耐熱強度を著しく高くして高
温の環境下においても接合強度を十分に維持することが
でき、接合部における密閉度も高いものとすることがで
き、結合性と封着性が著しく良好である複合材料と耐熱
金属材料との接合方法を提供することを目的としてい
る。The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional problem, and it is possible to remarkably increase the heat resistance strength in the joint portion and sufficiently maintain the joint strength even in a high temperature environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for joining a composite material and a heat-resistant metal material, which can have a high degree of airtightness and have extremely good bonding and sealing properties.
[発明の構成] (問題点を解決するための手段) この発明による複合材料と耐熱金属材料との接合方法
は、炭素繊維/炭素複合材料または金属繊維・炭素繊維
/炭素複合材料と耐熱金属材料とを接合するに際し、前
記複合材料の前記耐熱金属材料との接合部に溝を設け
て、前記溝内に耐熱金属を溶接肉盛し、前記複合材料と
耐熱金属材料との接合部に前記溶接肉盛した耐熱金属を
介在させた状態で前記複合材料と耐熱金属材料とを溶接
接合するようにしたことを特徴としている。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving Problems) A method for joining a composite material and a heat-resistant metal material according to the present invention is a carbon fiber / carbon composite material or a metal fiber / carbon fiber / carbon composite material and a heat-resistant metal material. When joining with, a groove is provided in the joint portion of the composite material with the heat-resistant metal material, the heat-resistant metal is weld-laid in the groove, and the welding is performed at the joint portion of the composite material and the heat-resistant metal material. It is characterized in that the composite material and the heat-resistant metal material are welded to each other with the built-up heat-resistant metal being interposed.
この発明が適用される複合材料は、炭素繊維/炭素複合
材料や、これにTi,Nb,Ta,B等の金属繊維やウ
イスカーをさらに複合化させた金属繊維・炭素繊維/炭
素複合材料などがある。The composite material to which the present invention is applied includes a carbon fiber / carbon composite material, and a metal fiber / carbon fiber / carbon composite material in which metal fibers such as Ti, Nb, Ta, and B and whiskers are further composited. is there.
これらのうち、炭素繊維としては、ピッチ(石油ピッチ
や石炭ピッチ)系のもの、レイヨン系のもの、PAN系
のものなどが使用される。Among these, as the carbon fiber, pitch (petroleum pitch or coal pitch) type, rayon type, PAN type and the like are used.
また、前記炭素繊維,金属繊維のマトリックス(母相)
となる炭素としては、カーボンやグラファイトが使用さ
れる。In addition, the matrix of the carbon fiber and the metal fiber (matrix)
Carbon or graphite is used as the carbon.
そして、炭素繊維/炭素複合材料や、金属繊維・炭素繊
維/炭素複合材料を製造する方法は特に限定されない
が、例えば、カーボン繊維/フェノール,グラファイト
繊維/フェノールからなるFRPを一次焼成によって炭
化あるいは黒鉛化し、さらに高密度化するためにピッチ
含浸と焼成を繰り返す方法や、カーボン繊維やグラファ
イト繊維で編んだ骨材に炭化水素を熱分解して焼成する
炭素を化学的に蒸着(CVD)させる方法などがある。The method for producing the carbon fiber / carbon composite material or the metal fiber / carbon fiber / carbon composite material is not particularly limited, but for example, FRP composed of carbon fiber / phenol and graphite fiber / phenol is carbonized or graphite by primary firing. Pitch impregnation and firing in order to further densify and densify it, or a method of chemically vapor-depositing (CVD) carbon that pyrolyzes and fires hydrocarbons in aggregate woven with carbon fibers or graphite fibers There is.
また、この発明が適用される耐熱金属材料としては、例
えば、ハステロイ,モネル,インコネル,インコロイ,
GMR,ヘインズ等のNi基やCo基の耐熱・耐食合金
や、耐熱鋼および合金鋼が使用され、そのほか、例え
ば、Ti,Mo,Nb,Ta,Dr,W,Cr,Vなど
の単位または合金を使用することができる。Examples of heat-resistant metal materials to which the present invention is applied include Hastelloy, Monel, Inconel, Incoloy,
Ni-based or Co-based heat-resistant / corrosion-resistant alloys such as GMR and Haynes, heat-resistant steels and alloyed steels are used. In addition, for example, units or alloys such as Ti, Mo, Nb, Ta, Dr, W, Cr and V. Can be used.
さらにまた、複合材料の前記耐熱金属材料との接合部に
設けた溝内に溶接肉盛する耐熱金属としては、前述した
耐熱金属材料と同じようなものが使用されるが、溶接肉
盛する耐熱金属と前記耐熱金属材料とは必ずしも同一成
分でなくとも良いものである。Furthermore, as the heat-resistant metal to be weld-laid in the groove provided at the joint portion of the composite material with the heat-resistant metal material, the same heat-resistant metal material as described above is used, but the heat-resistant metal to be welded-up is used. The metal and the refractory metal material do not necessarily have to have the same component.
このような耐熱金属を溶接肉盛するにあたっては、アー
ク熱源を用いたMIG溶接法,TIG溶接法,メタルア
ーク溶接法,プラズマアーク溶接法や、レーザ溶接法,
ビーム溶接法などが使用され、より望ましくは供給パワ
ー密度が104W/cm2、さらに必要に応じて105
W/cm2以上の高エネルギー密度のものを使用するこ
とによって、溶接肉盛した耐熱金属が前記複合材料の微
小空間に浸透して、凝固後に耐熱金属と複合材料との界
面でアンカー効果による機械的な結合を生じるようにな
すことも必要に応じて望ましい。When welding such refractory metals by welding, MIG welding method using an arc heat source, TIG welding method, metal arc welding method, plasma arc welding method, laser welding method,
A beam welding method or the like is used, and more desirably, the supply power density is 10 4 W / cm 2 , and further 10 5 if necessary.
By using a material having a high energy density of W / cm 2 or more, the welded overlay refractory metal permeates into the minute space of the composite material, and after solidification, a machine with an anchor effect at the interface between the refractory metal and the composite material. It is also desirable, if necessary, to create a specific bond.
さらにまた、複合材料と耐熱金属材料との接合部に前記
溶接肉盛した耐熱金属を介在させた状態で前記複合材料
と耐熱金属材料とを溶接接合するに際しては、アーク熱
源を用いたMIG溶接法,TIG溶接法,メタルアーク
溶接法,プラズマアーク溶接法や、レーザ溶接法,ビー
ム溶接法などが使用され、この場合にも供給パワー密度
が104W/cm2以上、必要に応じて105W/cm
2以上の高エネルギー密度のものを使用することに状況
によっては望ましい。Furthermore, when the composite material and the refractory metal material are weld-bonded together with the refractory metal that has been welded overlaid at the joint between the composite material and the refractory metal material, an MIG welding method using an arc heat source is used. , TIG welding method, metal arc welding method, plasma arc welding method, laser welding method, beam welding method, etc. are used, and in this case also, the supply power density is 10 4 W / cm 2 or more, and if necessary 10 5 W / cm
In some situations it is desirable to use a high energy density of 2 or more.
また、溶接接合する際に用いる溶接材料としては、前述
の耐熱金属材料や溶接肉盛材料と同じようなものが使用
でき、その他溶接用に適する材料が用いられる。As the welding material used for the welding and joining, the same materials as the above-mentioned heat-resistant metal material and weld overlay material can be used, and other materials suitable for welding are used.
(実施例1) 第2図に示すように、一端側に開口するスカート部11
aを有し、かつ他端側にスロート部11bを経て開口す
るロケットのノズル11の炭素繊維/炭素複合材料から
製作した。次いで、スカート部11aの外周側に三つの
全円周溝11c,11d,11eを形成したのち、不活
性ガス雰囲気(アルゴンガス雰囲気中においてMIG溶
接法によりNi基耐熱合金(ハステロイW;5重量%C
r−24.5重量%Mo−5.5重量%Fe−残部N
i)を第3図に示すように前記各溝11c,11d,1
1e内に全円周にわたって肉盛溶接を行って、各々溶接
肉盛部12a,12b,12cを形成した。このとき、
各溶接肉盛部12a,12b,12cをスカート部11
aの外周面よりも若干高くなるように溶接肉盛した。続
いて、第4図に示すように溶接肉盛部12a,12b,
12cを機械加工することによって、次に示すホルダー
リング13の内径にほぼ等しい外径に仕上げた。(Embodiment 1) As shown in FIG. 2, a skirt portion 11 having an opening on one end side
It was manufactured from the carbon fiber / carbon composite material of the rocket nozzle 11 having a and having the opening on the other end side through the throat portion 11b. Next, three circumferential grooves 11c, 11d and 11e are formed on the outer peripheral side of the skirt portion 11a, and then a Ni-based heat-resistant alloy (Hastelloy W; 5 wt% by weight is used by an MIG welding method in an inert gas atmosphere. C
r-24.5% by weight Mo-5.5% by weight Fe-balance N
i) as shown in FIG. 3, each groove 11c, 11d, 1
Overlay welding was performed on the entire circumference in 1e to form weld overlays 12a, 12b, 12c, respectively. At this time,
Each weld overlay 12a, 12b, 12c is attached to the skirt 11
The weld overlay was made to be slightly higher than the outer peripheral surface of a. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, the weld overlays 12a, 12b,
12c was machined to an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the holder ring 13 shown below.
上記のホルダーリング13はNi基耐熱金属材料(ハス
テロイB;28重量%Mo−5重量%Fe−残部Ni)
から製作したものであり、第5図に示すように、リング
状のベース部13aと円錐状のテーパ部11bとを有し
ているものである。The holder ring 13 is made of a Ni-base heat-resistant metal material (Hastelloy B; 28 wt% Mo-5 wt% Fe-balance Ni).
It has a ring-shaped base portion 13a and a conical taper portion 11b as shown in FIG.
次いで、ノズル11のスカート部11aの外周側とホル
ダーリング13のテーバ部13bの内周側とを嵌合し、
不活性ガス雰囲気(アルゴンガス雰囲気)内においてM
IG溶接法によってNi基耐熱合金(ハステロイW)を
リング状に二条で全周溶接し、溶接部14a,14bを
形成させ(第1図参照)てノズル11とホルダーリング
13との接合を行った。Next, the outer peripheral side of the skirt portion 11a of the nozzle 11 and the inner peripheral side of the taper portion 13b of the holder ring 13 are fitted together,
M in an inert gas atmosphere (argon gas atmosphere)
A Ni-based heat-resistant alloy (Hastelloy W) was welded in a ring shape with two threads by the IG welding method to form welded portions 14a and 14b (see FIG. 1) to join the nozzle 11 and the holder ring 13. .
ここで、一部の製品において、溶接部14a,14bの
断面を観察したところ、ノズル11を構成する炭素繊維
/炭素複合材料内に溶接部14a,14bの溶接金属が
部分的に含浸しており、アンカー効果による機械的なか
み合い状態が形成されていることが確められた。Here, when observing the cross section of the welded portions 14a and 14b in some products, the weld metal of the welded portions 14a and 14b was partially impregnated into the carbon fiber / carbon composite material forming the nozzle 11. It was confirmed that a mechanical meshing state was formed by the anchor effect.
このようにして、複合材料製のノズル11のテーパ部1
1bに耐熱金属材料製のホルダーリング13を接合し、
第1図に示すように相手材(インジェクター等)15と
組み合わせて、多数の耐熱ボルト16により前記ノズル
11をホルダーリング13を介して相手材15に固定し
た。In this way, the tapered portion 1 of the nozzle 11 made of composite material
Join the holder ring 13 made of heat-resistant metal material to 1b,
As shown in FIG. 1, in combination with a mating material (injector etc.) 15, the nozzle 11 was fixed to the mating material 15 via a holder ring 13 by a large number of heat resistant bolts 16.
ところで、使用時において、高温に加熱されたノズル1
1は第6図に示すように矢印A方向に膨張し、溶接肉盛
部12a,12b,12cは第7図に示すように矢印B
方向に膨張する。このとき、ノズル11を構成する複合
材料の熱膨張係数は溶接肉盛金属の熱膨張係数よりも小
さいため、溶接肉盛部12a,12b,12cは第7図
に示すようにスカート部11aの外周面より若干突出し
た状態で膨張する。一方、ホルダーリング13は外気で
冷却されているためノズル11よりは温度上昇が少な
く、したがって矢印C方向にノズル11を拘束する力が
生じる。したがって、このホルダーリング13による矢
印C方向の拘束と、スカート部11aの矢印A方向の熱
膨張および溶接肉盛部12a,12b,12cの矢印B
方向の熱膨張とによって、接合部における接合力が著し
く高いものになると同時に、密着力も大きなものとな
り、ノズル11とホルダーリング13との間での結合性
および封着性が著しく良好なものとなる。By the way, in use, the nozzle 1 heated to a high temperature
1 expands in the direction of arrow A as shown in FIG. 6, and the weld overlays 12a, 12b, 12c show arrow B as shown in FIG.
Expands in the direction. At this time, since the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite material forming the nozzle 11 is smaller than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the weld overlay metal, the weld overlay portions 12a, 12b, 12c have the outer periphery of the skirt portion 11a as shown in FIG. Inflate slightly protruding from the surface. On the other hand, since the holder ring 13 is cooled by the outside air, the temperature rise is smaller than that of the nozzle 11, so that the force for restraining the nozzle 11 in the direction of arrow C is generated. Therefore, restraint in the direction of arrow C by the holder ring 13, thermal expansion of the skirt portion 11a in the direction of arrow A and arrow B of the weld overlays 12a, 12b, 12c.
Due to the thermal expansion in the direction, the joining force at the joining portion becomes significantly high, and at the same time, the adhesion force also becomes great, and the bondability and sealability between the nozzle 11 and the holder ring 13 become significantly good. .
[発明の効果] 以上説明してきたように、この発明によれば、金属繊維
・炭素繊維/炭素複合材料と耐熱金属材料とを接合する
に際し、前記複合材料の前記耐熱金属材料との接合部に
溝を設けて、前記溝内に耐熱金属を溶接肉盛し、前記複
合材料と耐熱金属材料との接合部に前記溶接肉盛した耐
熱金属を介在させた状態で前記複合材料と耐熱金属材料
とを溶接接合するようにしたから、複合材料と金属材料
との接合を著しく良好に行うことが可能であり、接合部
の機械的強度が十分に高く、厳しい高熱環境においても
接合強度を十分高く維持することが可能であるととも
に、接合部分での封着性(シール性,気密性)をも著し
く高いものとすることが可能であるという著大なる効果
がもたらされる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, at the time of joining a metal fiber / carbon fiber / carbon composite material and a heat-resistant metal material, at the joint portion of the composite material with the heat-resistant metal material. A groove is provided, and a refractory metal is weld-laid in the groove, and the composite material and the refractory metal material in the state where the weld-bonded refractory metal is interposed at the joint between the composite material and the refractory metal material. Since it is welded, the composite material and metal material can be joined extremely well, the mechanical strength of the joint is sufficiently high, and the joint strength is maintained sufficiently high even in severe high heat environments. In addition to the above, a remarkable effect that the sealing property (sealing property, airtightness) at the joint portion can be made extremely high is brought about.
第1図はこの発明の実施例において複合材料からなるノ
ズルと耐熱金属材料からなるホルダーリングとを接合し
た接合体を相手部材に固定した状態を示す断面図、第2
図はこの発明の実施例において用いた複合材からなるノ
ズルの断面図、第3図はノズルのスカート部外周に設け
た溝内に耐熱金属を溶接肉盛した後の状態を示す断面
図、第4図は第3図の溶接肉盛部をホルダーリングの内
径に合わせて加工した後の断面図、第5図は耐熱金属材
料からなるホルダーリングの断面図、第6図は高温時に
おける力の作用を示す断面説明図、第7図は第6図の接
合部の部分拡大断面説明図である。 11……炭素繊維/炭素複合材料(ノズル)、 11c,11d,11e……溝、 12a,12b,12c……溶接肉盛部、 13……耐熱金属材料(ホルダーリング)、 14a,14b……溶接部。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a joined body in which a nozzle made of a composite material and a holder ring made of a heat-resistant metal material are joined together is fixed to a mating member in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle made of a composite material used in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after a heat-resistant metal has been weld-laid in a groove provided on the outer circumference of a skirt of the nozzle. 4 is a cross-sectional view after processing the weld overlay of FIG. 3 to match the inner diameter of the holder ring, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a holder ring made of a heat-resistant metal material, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged sectional explanatory view of the joint portion of FIG. 6 showing the operation. 11 ... Carbon fiber / carbon composite material (nozzle), 11c, 11d, 11e ... Groove, 12a, 12b, 12c ... Weld overlay, 13 ... Heat resistant metal material (holder ring), 14a, 14b. welded part.
Claims (1)
維・炭素繊維/炭素複合材料と耐熱金属材料とを接合す
るに際し、前記複合材料の前記耐熱金属材料との接合部
に溝を設けて、前記溝内に耐熱金属を溶接肉盛し、前記
複合材料と耐熱金属材料との接合部に前記溶接肉盛した
耐熱金属を介在させた状態で前記複合材料と耐熱金属材
料とを溶接接合することを特徴とする異種材料の接合方
法。1. When joining a carbon fiber / carbon composite material or a metal fiber / carbon fiber / carbon composite material and a refractory metal material, a groove is provided in a joint portion of the composite material with the refractory metal material. A heat-resistant metal is weld-laid in the groove, and the composite material and the heat-resistant metal material are weld-bonded in a state in which the weld-heat-resistant heat-resistant metal is interposed at the joint between the composite material and the heat-resistant metal material. A method for joining dissimilar materials, characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60221913A JPH0633183B2 (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Method of joining dissimilar materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60221913A JPH0633183B2 (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Method of joining dissimilar materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6283381A JPS6283381A (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| JPH0633183B2 true JPH0633183B2 (en) | 1994-05-02 |
Family
ID=16774118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60221913A Expired - Lifetime JPH0633183B2 (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Method of joining dissimilar materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0633183B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5523260B2 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2014-06-18 | 宗春 沓名 | Laser welding method for fiber reinforced composite material |
| FR3110484B1 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-06-03 | Arianegroup Sas | Method for assembling a first metal part with a second part made of organic matrix composite material, and part resulting from such an assembly |
| CN116652310B (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2025-12-23 | 北京科技大学 | C (C)fLaser filler wire welding method for SiC composite material |
-
1985
- 1985-10-07 JP JP60221913A patent/JPH0633183B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6283381A (en) | 1987-04-16 |
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