JPH0680452B2 - Liquid crystal filling cell - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a liquid crystal encapsulating cell that is suitable for encapsulating a ferroelectric liquid crystal.

(Prior Art) FIG. 3 shows an example of a transmissive liquid crystal display device using a twisted nematic liquid crystal (hereinafter abbreviated as TN type liquid crystal). The light source (1) is a three-wavelength fluorescent lamp, natural light, etc., and the light emitted from the light source (1) is a polarizer (2), a transparent substrate (3), a pixel electrode (4), an alignment film (5), Liquid crystal (6), alignment film (7), counter electrode (8), transparent substrate (9), analyzer (1
Pass 0). The liquid crystal (6) is kept at a constant interval by the spacer (11) and is protected from the outside air by the sealing material (12).
When a voltage is applied between the pixel electrode (4) and the counter electrode (8), it operates as a display device. The thickness of the liquid crystal (6) is
The thickness of the TN type liquid crystal / guest host type liquid crystal (hereinafter abbreviated as GH type liquid crystal) is 5 to 10 μm, and the thickness of the liquid crystal (6), that is, the electrode interval is regulated by the spacer (11).
Conventionally, the spacer (11) did not join the first panel (A) and the second panel (B) only by appropriately spraying glass fiber, glass beads, resin beads and the like. The joining of the first panel (A) and the second panel (B) is solely carried out by the encapsulating material (12), and the encapsulating material (12) is previously silk-coated on the first panel (A) or the second panel (B). After printing the adhesive with a screen or the like, the two panels were brought into close contact with each other and cured by heating.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) Recently, characteristics of ferroelectric liquid crystal (hereinafter simply referred to as ferro liquid crystal) have been clarified, and attention has been paid to excellence in response, contrast ratio, memory effect, wide viewing angle, etc. Therefore, the development to the display device has been studied in various fields. In order to bring out the characteristics of the ferro-liquid crystal, the thickness of the liquid crystal which is the electrode interval of the liquid crystal encapsulation cell is sufficiently narrow over the entire cell, that is, 2 μm or less,
It is desirable to keep it at 1 μm or less. But,
Not only is it difficult to process the outer diameter of the glass fibers, glass beads, resin beads, etc., which were conventionally used as spacers, with a precision of 2μ or less, and there is contamination by dust etc. in the process of spraying work. However, it was difficult to keep the electrode spacing at 2 μm or less. Furthermore, the sealing material (12) is 2
It was also extremely difficult to print evenly to a size of μ or less. Therefore, a uniform electrode interval cannot be obtained, and a practical ferroelectric liquid crystal encapsulating cell cannot be manufactured.

Further, since the gap between the first panel (A ') and the second panel (B') is extremely narrow, the electrical insulation properties of the seal and the spacer portion are insufficient. Therefore, a sufficient applied voltage cannot be applied to the liquid crystal, which is an obstacle to driving the liquid crystal.

(Specific Means for Solving Problems) That is, according to the present invention, at least a transparent pixel electrode on a transparent substrate and a first panel provided with an alignment film on the pixel electrode, and at least a transparent substrate on the transparent substrate. In the liquid crystal encapsulation cell provided to enclose the ferroelectric liquid crystal between the second panels provided with the counter electrodes, the liquid crystal cell display surface has a substantially uniform and fine pattern, and the first panel and the second panel A member that also serves as an adhesive layer that adheres to each surface of the panel, a light-shielding layer containing a black pigment to shield the non-pixel portion from light, and a spacer that maintains the cell gap, The liquid crystal encapsulating cell is characterized in that the distance between the first panel and the second panel is set to 2 μm or less by providing the cell between the first panel and the second panel.

A detailed description will be given based on the drawings showing a specific embodiment of the present invention.

1 (a) and 1 (b) show the structure of the liquid crystal encapsulating cell according to the present invention. A transparent pixel electrode (4) for segment display or matrix display is provided on a transparent substrate (3), and an alignment film (5) is further provided on the pixel electrode (4).
A transparent counter electrode (8) corresponding to segment display or matrix display is provided on the first panel (A ') provided with and the transparent substrate (9). If necessary, a second panel (B ') having an insulating film (13) formed thereon is provided on the counter electrode (8) so as to face the entire surface of the liquid crystal cell, and the average pattern is a fine pattern. The adhesive layer (hereinafter, simply referred to as an adhesive layer) which is provided on the substrate and serves as a spacer and a light shielding layer (1).
The first panel (A ') and the second panel (B') are joined at 4 '). The sealing material (12) can be formed in the same manner as the adhesive layer (14). If necessary, a rigid auxiliary spacer (14 ') having the same film thickness as the adhesive layer (14) may be provided near the adhesive layer (14) as shown in FIG. Transparent substrate (3) and transparent substrate (9) have a thickness of 0.5 mm
A glass substrate of 1.5 mm to 1.5 mm is applicable, and an alkali metal glass which is optically polished is preferable, but a soda lime glass coated with silicon oxide may be used. For the pixel electrode (4) and the counter electrode (8), tin oxide, indium oxide or a mixture thereof (ITO) is formed into a film by a sputter deposition method or the like, and patterned into an arbitrary shape according to a conventional method. The alignment film (5) is formed by applying polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide or the like by offset printing, coating with a spin coater or the like, and then rubbing appropriately patterned if necessary. Further, as the orientation film (5), oblique vapor deposition of SiO ₂ or the like can be applied. The insulating film (13) is made of SiO ₂ or Al if necessary.
_The film thickness of ₂ O ₃ etc. is 0.2 μm to 0.5 μm by sputtering etc.
To form. The insulating film (13) improves pressure resistance. The adhesive layer (14) is at least one selected from casein, glue, gelatin, low molecular weight gelatin, novolac resin, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl polymer, acrylate resin, polyacrylamide, bisphenol resin, polyimide, polyester, polyurethane, or polyamide. Or a resin obtained by converting at least one resin selected from the above resins into a photosensitive resin. In addition, the rubber referred to herein is preferably an isoprene-based cyclized rubber or a butadiene-based cyclized rubber. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), it is formed uniformly over the entire display surface. The thickness of the adhesive layer (14) is 2 μm or less, preferably 1 μm or less. The shape of the adhesive layer (14) may be either dot or line, and the size is preferably sufficiently wide so as not to impair the display effect. In order to make the adhesive layer (14) a member having a light-shielding property, a black pigment or the like is contained. Then, the adhesive layer (14) is formed by appropriately patterning the material of the adhesive layer (14) with respect to the non-pixel region in the display device to be shielded from light.

In addition, although a liquid crystal display device of recent years has been favorably used as a liquid crystal display device, in this case, the color filter layer is provided on either the first panel or the second panel. The color filter has a structure in which it is interposed between the transparent substrate and the transparent electrode (pixel electrode or the counter electrode) and a structure in which it is provided above the transparent electrode, both of which do not hinder the practice of the present invention. An alignment film is provided on the uppermost surface that contacts the liquid crystal, if necessary.

Further, when there is a possibility that charge leakage may occur between the transparent electrodes where the adhesive layers face each other, there is a means for interposing an insulating layer between the panel having the electrodes and the adhesive layer. As another means, when the transparent electrode is formed in a pattern (for example, a line pattern or a segment pattern), the position where the adhesive layer is provided is selectively set to a portion where the transparent electrode does not exist, that is, the pixel electrode. The adhesive layer may be provided at a position where it does not make electrical contact with both of the counter electrode and the counter electrode, or makes electrical contact with only one of them.

The method of forming the adhesive layer (14) will be described in detail. An insulating film (13) formed on the alignment film (5) of the first panel or the counter electrode (8) of the second panel or formed as necessary.
Casein, mulberry, gelatin on one or both of the above,
At least one selected from novolac, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl polymer, acrylate, acrylamide, bisphenol, polyimide, polyester, polyurethane, nylon resin or photosensitive resin of the above resin is applied with a spinner and dried. If it has photosensitivity, it is left as it is. If it has no photosensitivity, it is coated with a spinner on it, dried, exposed to a pattern of an arbitrary shape, and developed according to a conventional photoetching method. If necessary, wet or dry etching is performed to form a pattern. Also, unnecessary resist is removed and washed. Next, the first panel (A ′) and the second panel (B ′) are faced to each other, and the entire surface of the panel is uniformly pressed or a space sandwiched between the first panel (A ′) and the second panel (B ′). While reducing the pressure, casein, glue, gelatin, low molecular weight gelatin, novolac resin, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl polymer, acrylate resin, polyacrylamide, bisphenol resin, polyimide, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide resin or the above resin is photosensitive. The resin is heated to the softening temperature, held for a certain period of time, cooled, and then released from the pressurized state. Through the above steps, the adhesive layer (1) is formed at the same position on the first panel (A ') and the second panel (B').
By forming 4) and aligning and then joining, the adhesive strength is further strengthened. By forming an auxiliary spacer (14 ') having the same film thickness in the vicinity of the adhesive layer (14) as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the first panel (A') and the second panel (B ') are heated. It is possible to prevent the adhesive layer (14) from spreading when pressure is applied. Especially, when the flatness of the transparent substrate (3) and the transparent substrate (9) is inferior, even if pressure is applied uniformly, a pressure difference locally occurs within the entire panel surface, and the adhesive layer (14 ) Easily spreads and is extremely effective in such a case.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), by forming the adhesive layer into a multi-layered structure of two or more layers, it is possible to make various combinations of materials having good adhesiveness to glass, patterning property, and adhesiveness between panels. . This alleviates the restrictions on the panel fabrication. For example, AZ1350, a novolac photoresist
(A product manufactured by Shipray Far East Co., Ltd. in the United States) has good adhesiveness when bonding between panels, but it becomes extremely soft when heated during bonding, making it difficult to maintain the accuracy of the cell gap. Therefore,
By applying and patterning a polyimide or acrylic acid resin and forming an adhesive layer of AZ1350 on it, the cell gap is highly accurate and the structure has high reproducibility. In this way, it is extremely effective in relaxing the constraints during the panel fabrication, and such treatment made it possible for the first time to produce a practical panel.

The significant difference between the present invention and the prior art lies in the adhesive layer (14). In the prior art, the spacer (11) did not play a role of adhering the first panel (A) and the second panel (B), whereas the adhesive layer (14) according to the present invention is formed of the spacer (11). At the same time as the role, the first panel (A ') and the second panel (B') are firmly bonded. Further, since the adhesive layer (14) can be intentionally provided in any place and in any size, the display effect is not impaired. Casein, glue, gelatin, low molecular weight gelatin, novolac resin, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol,
Vinyl polymer, acrylate resin, polyacrylamide, bisphenol resin, polyimide, polyester,
By using polyurethane, polyamide-based resin, photoresists thereof, or the like, a strong adhesive layer (14) is obtained by heating, melting, and adhering. In addition, if an insulating film is interposed, the electric insulation between the upper and lower electrodes is improved and practical driving is possible.

(Effect of the present invention) The liquid crystal encapsulating cell according to the present invention makes it possible to construct a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal, which has been difficult in the past. In addition, the adhesive layer (14) can be used not only as a spacer but also for joining panels together. In addition, the spacing between the spacers can be adjusted freely and finely, and the shape is highly flexible. Further, if an insulating film is provided, the insulating property between the upper and lower electrodes is improved, so that the driving can be practically performed. Furthermore, this sealing method does not require a lot of equipment, and the raw material resins or those obtained by converting them into photosensitive resins are also inexpensive, and are used as gaps in the liquid crystal layer.
It became possible to easily perform sealing of about 0.3 to 2.0μ. Since the adhesive layer having the role of the spacer and the light shielding property is present in the non-pixel portion region of the display device to be shielded, the thickness of the liquid crystal can be made thin and uniform without impairing the image display. It can be maintained below 2 μm. In particular, in the case of having a continuous pattern in accordance with the non-pixel portion region, the ability to maintain the thickness of the liquid crystal could be made more robust. The fact that the image display is not impaired and the robustness of the liquid crystal make it possible to enhance the high-speed response, high contrast, memory, and wide viewing angle that a ferroelectric liquid crystal originally has.

<Example 1> A glass substrate having a thickness of 3 inches and a thickness of 1.6 mm was optically polished and processed to have a flatness of 2 µm or less to obtain a transparent substrate (3).
A transparent conductive film of 400 Å indium oxide to tin oxide (hereinafter referred to as ITO film) is formed on the transparent substrate (3) by a sputtering method, and a line width of 28
Pixel electrodes (4) having a line pattern of 0 μm, a pitch of 300 μm and a length of 60 mm were formed. Next, a polyimide resin PIX-1400 (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) on the pixel electrode (4)
After spinner coating at 0 rpm for 2 minutes, 80 ℃ for 15 minutes, 200 ℃ for 30 minutes
Min, heated at 300 ° C for 30 minutes. Next, an alignment treatment was performed by using a rubbing device to design an alignment film (5) to manufacture a first panel (A '). On the other hand, optically polished thickness 0.5 mm, 3
An ITO film was formed on the surface of an inch square glass substrate by a sputtering method, and a counter electrode (8) consisting of lines having a line width of 280 μm, a pitch of 300 μm and a length of 60 mm was formed in the same manner as above, and an insulating film (13) was also formed. Was provided to obtain a second panel (B '). Further, on the second panel (B '), a rubber resist OMR-83 (manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) with a black pigment added was coated with a solution having a viscosity of 30 cp and a solution of 3000 rpm for 15 seconds by spin coating. According to the law, size 50μm square, pitch 150
A μm pattern was exposed and developed to provide an adhesive layer (14).
The film thickness after development at this time was 0.6 μm. Next, the first panel (A ') and the second panel (B') are sealed and adhered to the ITO film so that the line patterns are orthogonal to each other, and the pressure is applied at a pressure of 1 kg / cm ^{2 and} the temperature is kept at room temperature for 5 ° C / 1 minute. The liquid crystal encapsulating cell was manufactured by raising the temperature to 180 ° C. at a temperature rising rate, maintaining the temperature for 1 hour, subsequently cooling and releasing the pressure. As a result, both panels were adhered by the adhesive layer (14). The cell spacing at this time is over the entire display surface. Met.

The ITO film pattern processing method at this time is as follows.

(1) A positive photoresist was coated on the ITO film, dried at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes, exposed to a mask, developed with a dedicated developer, and post-baked at 130 ° C. for 30 minutes.

(2) Next, a mixed solution of ferric chloride solution and hydrochloric acid was heated to 60 ° C. to immerse and etch the ITO film.

(3) OFPRII was formed into a film with a dedicated remover and washed with pure water.

Further, when the liquid crystal is sealed, the cell for liquid crystal sealing is heated in a heating oven as cs-1011 (manufactured by Chisso Corporation) as a ferro liquid crystal (15) at 120 ° C., and the ferro liquid crystal (16) is discharged from the sealing port (16). By encapsulating 15), a good liquid crystal display panel was manufactured.

<Example 2> As in Example 1, the pixel electrode (4) was formed on the first panel (A ').
And an alignment film (5) are formed, and a rubber-based resist JSR-C
BR-M901 (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) with a black pigment added was spin-coated at a viscosity of 25 cp at 2000 rpm, and the line width was 20 μm and the pitch was 300 μm according to a conventional photo-etching method.
Adhesive layer (14) on the margin of the pixel electrode (4)
Was formed. Next, a 3-inch square glass substrate having a thickness of 2.6 mm was polished to obtain a transparent substrate (9). After forming the counter electrode (8) on the transparent substrate (9) in the same manner as in Example 1, a silicon oxide film was formed by sputtering to a film thickness of 500 Å.
3) formed. Next, 1 g of Semicofine sp-910 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.), which is a polyimide resin, was diluted and stirred at a rate of 0.5 g of ethyl cellosolve, spin-coated at 3000 rpm for 2 minutes, and dried at 135 ° C. for 30 minutes. After that, a photoresist OFPRII (manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is spin-coated on the entire surface, and a circular pattern with a diameter of 10 μm is mask-exposed in the vicinity of the adhesive layer (14) of the first panel (A ′), and non-metal dedicated development is performed. With agent
At the same time of developing OFPRII, the semi-cofine sp-910 of the lower layer which is not protected by a resist is dissolved and etched,
Subsequently, OFPRII alone was dissolved in a mixed solvent of normal butyl acetate and isopropyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1: 1. After that, the first panel (A ') is heated and baked at 200 ° C for 30 minutes and 300 ° C for 30 minutes, and an auxiliary spacer (14') made of polyimide resin.
Was formed. Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the first panel and the second panel were closely adhered to each other and heated to 150 ° C. for 30 minutes and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to manufacture a liquid crystal encapsulating cell having an auxiliary spacer (14 ′). did. The ITO film pattern processing method and the liquid crystal sealing method at this time are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Example 3 A transparent substrate (3) similar to that in Example 1 was spinner coated with a blue varnish consisting of semi-cofine sp-910 of polyimide resin, a blue organic pigment and a dispersion aid, and dried at 125 ° C. for 30 minutes. , OFPRII was applied on a spinner and dried at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. Above with a parallel line pattern with a line width of 150 μm and a pitch of 450 μm
OFPRII was exposed to light, and the blue varnish was etched with an alkali developing solution, leaving an unexposed portion having a width of 150 μm. After that, OFPRII was dissolved in the same manner as in Example 2 at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes and 250
Blue filter (B) that is heated up to 30 ℃ for 30 minutes and 300 ℃ for 30 minutes
Was formed.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, a green filter (G) and a red filter (R) were sequentially formed. The composition of each color varnish was as follows.

Red varnish Green varnish Blue varnish Next, ITO is sputtered on the entire surface of the color filter, and pattern processing is performed according to a conventional photo-etching method while aligning the position with the color filter. A pixel electrode (4) having a line width of 130 μm and a pitch of 150 μm and an alignment film (5) ( (See FIG. 2). Thereafter, an adhesive layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to form a second panel (B '), and the first panel (A') and the second panel (B ') were joined to manufacture a liquid crystal encapsulating cell. .

Furthermore, the ITO film pattern processing method and the liquid crystal encapsulation method in this case are the same as those shown in the first and second embodiments.

<Example 4> Similar to Example 1, the pixel electrode (4) was formed on the first panel (A ').
Then, an alignment film (5) was formed, and a polyvinyl alcohol-based photosensitive resin "azo base N photosensitive liquid" (manufactured by Okamoto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) to which a black pigment was added was spin-coated at 4000 rpm, and the width was expanded according to a conventional method. The adhesive layer (14) was formed in the blank of the pixel electrode (4) with a parallel line pattern having a pitch of 20μ and 300μ. Next, a glass substrate with a thickness of 3 inches and a thickness of 2.6 mm is optically polished and processed to have a flatness of 2 μm or less to obtain a transparent substrate (9).
Got A 400 Å ITO film was formed on the transparent substrate (9) by a sputtering method, and a line width of 280 μ and a pitch of 300 were formed according to a conventional method.
After forming a parallel line pattern counter electrode (8) having a μ length of 60 mm, SiO ₂ was sputtered to a film thickness of 500 Å to form an insulating film (13). Next, "Semico Fine sp-910"
(Manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 1 g of ethyl cellosolve was diluted and stirred at a ratio of 0.5 g, spin-coated at 3000 rpm for 2 minutes, and then coated at 135 ° C. for 30 minutes.
Dry for minutes. After that, "OFPRII" (manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is spin-coated on the entire surface, and a pattern of 10 μm width is mask-exposed near the adhesive layer (14) of the first panel (A ').
OFPRII is developed with a non-metal-dedicated developer, and at the same time, the semicofine sp-910 is etched. Subsequently, OFPRII was dissolved in a mixed solvent of normal butyl acetate and isopropyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 1: 1. Then, the first panel (A ′) was heated and baked at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, and 300 ° C. for 30 minutes to form the auxiliary spacer (14 ′). On the other hand, 400 Å is optically polished on the surface of a 3 mm square glass substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm.
ITO film is formed by sputtering method, line width 280μ, pitch 300μ, length 60mm according to the usual photo-etching method.
The opposite pixel electrode (8) having the parallel line pattern was formed to obtain the second panel (B '). Thereafter, as in Example 1, the first panel and the second panel were brought into close contact with each other, pressurized at a pressure of 1 kg / cm ² , heated from room temperature to 180 ° C. at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min, kept for 1 hour, and then continued. Then, the liquid crystal was sealed and the pressure was released to manufacture a cell for enclosing a liquid crystal. The cell spacing at this time was 0.5 μm, which was uniform over the entire display surface.

<Example 5> A first panel and a second panel were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a casein photoresist "Fujiresist No. 15" (manufactured by Fuji Yakuhin Co., Ltd.) solution was used as a black pigment on the second panel side. Was added by spin coating at 5000 rpm for 15 seconds, and a pattern exposure with a size of 50 μ square and a pitch of 300 μ was performed and developed according to a conventional mask exposure method. The film thickness after development at this time is
It was 0.6μ. Next, the first panel and the second panel are brought into close contact with each other, pressurized at a pressure of 1 kg / cm ² , heated to 180 ° C. from room temperature at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min, kept for 1 hour, and then cooled to a pressure. The cell for liquid crystal encapsulation was manufactured by removing it. The cell spacing at this time was 0.5 μm, which was uniform over the entire display surface.

<Example 6> As in Example 1, the pixel electrode (4) was formed on the first panel (A ').
And an alignment film (5) was formed. Next, a 3-inch square glass substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm is optically polished to obtain a flatness of 2 μm.
It was processed within to obtain a transparent substrate (9). A 400 Å ITO film is formed on the transparent substrate (9) by a sputtering method,
After forming a counter electrode (8) in a line pattern having a line width of 280 μm and a pitch of 300 μm and a length of 60 mm according to a conventional method, SiO ₂ was sputtered to a film thickness of 500 Å to form an insulating film (13). Next, polyimide resin "Semicofine sp-910"
(Toray Co., Ltd.) black pigment was added to 1 g of ethyl cellosolve 0.5 g, and the mixture was diluted and stirred at 3000 rpm.
After spin coating for 2 minutes at 130 ° C., it was dried at 135 ° C. for 30 minutes. After that, "OFPRII" (manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is spin-coated at 4000 rpm, the adhesive layer (14) is mask-exposed, and OFPRII is developed with a non-metal-dedicated developer. Etching. In this way, a two-layer adhesive layer (14) of polyimide and OFPRII was formed to obtain a second panel (B '). Here, the black pigment may be added to either one or both of the polyimide resin and the photoresist. Thereafter, the first panel and the second panel were brought into close contact with each other in the same manner as in Example 1, and 1 kg / cm
^A cell for liquid crystal encapsulation was manufactured by pressurizing at a pressure of ² and raising the temperature from room temperature to 180 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./min, holding for 1 hour and subsequently cooling and releasing the pressure. The cell spacing at this time is 0.5μ
It was uniform over the entire display surface.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a liquid crystal encapsulating cell of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a sectional view, FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view, and FIG. Partial enlarged plan view, FIG. 1 (d) is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a liquid crystal sealed cell panel with a color filter, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional twist nematic type liquid crystal encapsulating cell. (1) …… Light source, (10) …… Analyzer, (16) …… Liquid crystal inlet (2) …… Polarizer, (11) …… Spacer (3) (9) …… Transparent substrate, (12 ) …… Sealant (4) …… Pixel electrode, (13) …… Insulating film (5) (7) …… Alignment film, (14) …… Adhesive layer (6) …… Liquid crystal, (14 ′) …… Auxiliary spacer (8) …… Counter electrode, (15) …… Ferro liquid crystal

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-54-651 (JP, A) JP-A-48-71596 (JP, A)

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A strong panel between a first panel having at least a transparent pixel electrode and an alignment film provided on the pixel substrate on a transparent substrate, and a second panel having at least a transparent counter electrode on the transparent substrate. In a liquid crystal encapsulating cell provided for encapsulating a dielectric liquid crystal, an adhesive layer having a substantially uniform and fine pattern on the liquid crystal cell display surface and adhering to each surface of the first panel and the second panel. As a light-shielding layer containing a black pigment to shield the non-pixel portion, and also serving as a spacer for maintaining the cell gap, by providing a member between the first panel and the second panel, A cell for liquid crystal encapsulation, wherein the distance between the first panel and the second panel is 2 μm or less. 2. A rigid auxiliary spacer having the same film thickness as the member is provided in the vicinity of the member also serving as the adhesive layer, the light shielding layer and the spacer.
The liquid crystal encapsulating cell according to the item. 3. The member also serving as an adhesive layer, a light-shielding layer and a spacer is casein, glue, gelatin, low molecular weight gelatin, novolac resin, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl polymer, acrylate resin, polyacrylamide, bisphenol resin, polyimide. The liquid crystal encapsulating cell according to claim 1, which is made of at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyurethane, and polyamide. 4. The member also serving as the adhesive layer, the light-shielding layer and the spacer is casein, glue, gelatin, low molecular weight gelatin, novolac resin, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl polymer, acrylate resin, polyacrylamide, bisphenol resin, polyimide. The cell for liquid crystal encapsulation according to claim 1, which is made of a photosensitive resin of at least one resin selected from polyester, polyurethane, or polyamide. 5. The liquid crystal encapsulating cell according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer is interposed between the member having the function of the adhesive layer, the light shielding layer and the spacer, and the panel having the electrode. 6. A pixel electrode or a counter electrode is provided on a transparent substrate of the first panel or the second panel via a color filter, and an alignment film is arranged thereon if necessary. A cell for enclosing a liquid crystal according to item 1. 7. A color filter is provided on the pixel electrode or the counter electrode of the first panel or the second panel, and an alignment film is arranged on the color filter if necessary, and the alignment film is provided. Cell for liquid crystal filling. 8. The liquid crystal encapsulating cell according to claim 1, wherein the member serving also as the adhesive layer, the light shielding layer, and the spacer has a double structure of resin and photosensitive resin. 9. A member, which also functions as an adhesive layer, a light-shielding layer, and a spacer, is provided at a position that does not make electrical contact with both the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, or has electrical contact with only one of them. The cell for liquid crystal encapsulation according to item 1 above.