JPH0835728A - Refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a Vuilleumier cycle type refrigerator in which the size and the heat loss can be reduced. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerator comprises a cam for simultaneously displacing displacers 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d at its center in such a manner that the cylinders are disposed radially in four directions with the cam 8 as a center and each cylinder has one temperature space. Accordingly, the strokes of the respective displacers can be minimized. Thus, the lengths of rods, etc., coupled to the displacers can be minimized, and the lengths of the cylinders can be reduced, and hence the size of the entire refrigerator can be decreased. Since the once cylinder does not have the space of different temperature, heat leakage scarcely occurs, and its heat loss is small.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus using a gas cycle in which heat is applied to a working gas in a high temperature space while external heat is pumped up and cooled by a working gas in a low temperature space.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional refrigerating apparatus of this type, a Bilmeier cycle heat pump as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-244968 is known, and the technology disclosed in these publications is shown in FIG. As shown in (2), the configuration has two cylinders, a high temperature side cylinder 70a and a low temperature side cylinder 70b. Then, each cylinder 70a, 70
b is a displacer 71a and 71b, respectively, which form a working space for gas and
The working gas is transferred by the reciprocating motion of a and 71b, and the regenerative heat exchangers 73a and 73b and the intermediate temperature heat exchangers 75a and 7b are transferred.
5b and the inside of the low temperature heat exchanger 76.

[0003]

However, the conventional refrigeration system has a structure in which two spaces are provided in series in one cylinder. For example, the high temperature cylinder 70a is provided with a high temperature space A and a medium temperature space B in series, and the low temperature cylinder 70b is provided with a low temperature space C and a medium temperature space E in series.

As described above, since the conventional refrigeration system has a structure in which two spaces are arranged in series in one cylinder, the length of one cylinder becomes long, so that the entire system becomes large. There was a problem that

Further, a displacer rod is connected to each displacer via a connecting rod. This displacer rod needs a predetermined length to move the displacer between two temperature spaces, and the displacer device is There is a problem that it becomes large.

Furthermore, since there are two temperature spaces having different temperatures, such as a high temperature space and a medium temperature space, and a medium temperature space and a low temperature space in the same cylinder, heat in these spaces is exchanged through the cylinder liner and the displacer. Was causing a loss.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a Bilmeier cycle type refrigerating apparatus capable of downsizing the apparatus and reducing heat loss.

[0008]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high temperature cylinder forming a high temperature space, first and second medium temperature cylinders forming a medium temperature space, and a low temperature space. It is a refrigerating device that is equipped with a low-temperature cylinder, and that displaces the displacer arranged in each of these cylinders to move the working gas to perform heat exchange, and in the center of the refrigerating device, a cam that displaces each displacer simultaneously. And each of the cylinders is radially arranged in four directions around the cam.

[0009]

In the invention described in claim 1, the displacers are sequentially displaced by the rotation of the cam, the volumes of the high temperature space, the medium temperature space and the low temperature space are changed, and the working gas moves between them, Heat exchange.

In each cylinder, since the displacer moves in only one temperature space, for example, the high temperature space, its stroke can be minimized and the length of the rod or the like connected to the displacer can be minimized. Since the length of each cylinder can be reduced, the overall size of the device can be reduced.

Further, since different temperature spaces do not exist in one cylinder, heat leakage is unlikely to occur and heat loss is small.

With the structure in which the heat conductor is arranged in the space of each cylinder, the heat exchange with the working gas moved therein can be sufficiently performed through the heat conductor.
Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the refrigeration system is good.

Further, since the heat conductor is used as the coil spring, the displacer is constantly urged toward the cam, so that the movement of the displacer can be reliably followed by the cam.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A refrigerating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the refrigeration system 1
Composes one Bilmeier cycle, a crank chamber 3 is provided at the center, and four cylinders 11, 13, 15, and 17 are radially arranged from the crank chamber 3.

These four cylinders respectively include a high temperature cylinder 11 having a high temperature chamber 21, a low temperature cylinder 13 having a low temperature chamber 23, a first medium temperature cylinder 15 having a first medium greenhouse 25, and a second cylinder. It is a second medium temperature cylinder 17 having a medium greenhouse 27.

Helium (He) is contained in the refrigerating apparatus 1.
A working gas such as gas (hereinafter simply referred to as “gas”) is enclosed.

As a whole, the high temperature cylinder 11 and the first intermediate temperature cylinder 15 form the high temperature side circuit 5 as shown in FIG. 3, and the low temperature cylinder 13 and the second intermediate temperature cylinder 17 as shown in FIG. It forms the low temperature circuit.

The high temperature side circuit 5 appropriately receives a high temperature heat exchanger 31 for applying heat to the gas in the circuit, a first medium temperature heat exchanger 33 for extracting heat from the gas in the circuit, and receives and applies heat. The first regenerator 35, the high temperature side cylinder 11 for moving the gas in the circuit, and the intermediate temperature side cylinder 15 are provided. As shown in FIG.
Displacers 41a and 41b are slidably provided on the intermediate temperature side cylinder 15 and the intermediate temperature side cylinder 15, respectively, and the gas is moved between the high temperature side cylinder 11 and the first intermediate temperature side cylinder 15.

As shown in FIG. 4, the low temperature side circuit 7 includes a second medium temperature heat exchanger 37 for extracting heat from the gas in the circuit, a low temperature heat exchanger 38 cooled by the gas in the circuit, and It is composed of a second regenerator 39 that appropriately receives and gives, a second medium temperature side cylinder 17 that moves gas in the circuit, and a low temperature side cylinder 13, and the second medium temperature side cylinder 17 and the low temperature side cylinder 13 As shown in FIG. 1, displacers 41c and 41d are slidably provided, respectively, and the gas is moved between the low temperature side cylinder 13 and the second intermediate temperature side cylinder 17.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first intermediate temperature cylinder 15
The second intermediate temperature cylinder 17 and the second intermediate temperature cylinder 17 are communicated with each other by a pressure guiding pipe 19, and pressures are transmitted to the first intermediate greenhouse 25 and the second intermediate greenhouse 27.

Next, the above-mentioned components will be described.

The high temperature heat exchanger 31 is adapted to appropriately heat the gas in the circuit by a gas burner, a heating wire or the like.

The first medium temperature heat exchanger 33 is for exchanging heat of gas, and is connected to a load such as the heater 21 or a water heater, and applies heat to a brine liquid or the like as a heat medium. is there.

The first regenerator 35 is a surface type heat exchanger, and is made of, for example, laminated wire mesh, and exchanges heat of the passing gas.

The second medium-temperature heat exchanger 37 exchanges heat of gas similarly to the first medium-temperature heat exchanger 33, and is connected with a load such as a heater or a water heater, and uses hot water as a load medium. It is designed to apply heat to.

A load such as an air conditioner is connected to the low temperature heat exchanger 38 to cool the refrigerant (brine liquid or the like) that circulates between the low temperature heat exchanger 38 and the air conditioner.

The second regenerator 39 is the first regenerator 3 described above.
It has the same configuration as that of No. 5.

A cam 8 is arranged at the center of the crank chamber 3, and the rotation of the cam 8 causes the roller 9 in contact with its peripheral surface to move up and down. The roller 9 has a rod 10 whose one end is connected to the displacer.
Is connected to the other end of the displacer, and the displacer reciprocates as the cam 8 rotates. The rotation shaft of the cam 8 is connected to the motor,
It is started by 0.

Since each of the cylinders 11, 13, 15, and 17 has the same structure, only the high temperature side cylinder 11 will be described here. In other cylinders, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted. Is omitted.

A displacer 41a is slidably arranged in the high temperature cylinder 11, and its tip end side is constantly urged toward the cam 8 side by a coil spring 43 provided in the cylinder 11. This coil spring 4
3 is made of a heat conductor, and is made of maraging steel having good heat resistance, for example, in the form of a coil. As described above, by disposing the heat conductor in the high temperature cylinder 11, the gas transferred to the high temperature cylinder 11 can be supplemented with heat, so that the heat can be sufficiently transferred to the gas.

That is, since the equation of theoretical efficiency in the refrigerating apparatus is given by the following equation, it is preferable to reliably maintain the temperature of the working gas in each cylinder space. COP (coefficient of performance) = {( _TH - _TM ) / _TH } * {T
_C / (T _M -T _C )} In particular, by forming the heat conductor in the shape of a coil spring, a large heat transfer area can be secured.

Further, since the heat conductor is used as the coil spring 43 and the displacer 41 is constantly urged to the cam side, the movement of the displacer 41 can be reliably followed by the cam.

The slide of the rod 10 is guided by the guide portion 12 formed on the cylinder 11.

The shape of the cam 8 is not particularly limited, but as an example, the cam shape can be determined based on the cam diagram shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a cam shape drawn from the cam angle and the lift amount of the rod 10, and is drawn as a relaxation curve. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the volume change and the pressure in the high temperature chamber 21 of the high temperature cylinder when the cam 8 is used with such a cam curve.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

In the refrigerating apparatus 1 of this embodiment, when the cam 8 is rotated as shown by the arrow, the high temperature cylinder 11, the low temperature cylinder 13, the first intermediate temperature cylinder 15, and the second intermediate temperature cylinder 15 via the rod 10 with the roller 9. The displacers 41a to 41d in 17 are displaced, and the gas moves in the high temperature side circuit 5 and the low temperature side circuit 7.

In the high temperature side circuit 5 shown in FIG. 3, the high temperature heat exchanger 31, the first regenerator 35, and the first intermediate temperature heat exchanger 33.
The required heat exchange is performed by passing through. On the other hand, in the low temperature side circuit 7 shown in FIG. 4, the second middle temperature heat exchanger 37, the second
The required heat exchange is performed after passing through the regenerator 39 and the low temperature heat exchanger 38.

(1) In the first step, the first medium temperature heat exchanger 33 in the high temperature side circuit 5 radiates heat, and in the high temperature side circuit 5,
The displacer 41a of the high temperature side cylinder 10 is at the top dead center, and the displacer 41b of the first intermediate temperature side cylinder 15 is located.
Is at bottom dead center.

On the other hand, in the low temperature side circuit 7, the gas passes from the low temperature side cylinder 13 through the low temperature heat exchanger 38, the second regenerator 39, and the second intermediate temperature heat exchanger 37, and the second intermediate temperature side cylinder 17
Move to.

In the low temperature side circuit 7, since heat is applied to the gas by the second regenerator 39, the internal pressure of the low temperature side circuit 7 rises and the temperature also rises. The high pressure in the low temperature side circuit 7 is transmitted to the high temperature side circuit 5 through the pressure guiding tube 19, whereby the internal pressure and temperature of the high temperature side circuit 5 rise, and the gas that has become high temperature in the first intermediate temperature heat exchanger 33. Heat is released. Therefore, heat is applied to the heat medium supplied to the first intermediate temperature heat exchanger 33. (2) In the second step, heat is radiated by the second medium temperature heat exchanger 37 of the low temperature side circuit 7.

In this state, in the high temperature side circuit 5, the displacer 41a of the high temperature side cylinder 11 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and the displacer 41b of the first middle temperature side cylinder 15 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. Moving. Then, the gas moves from the first intermediate temperature side cylinder 15 to the high temperature side cylinder 11 through the first intermediate temperature heat exchanger 33, the first regenerator 35, and the high temperature heat exchanger 31.

In the low temperature side circuit 7, the second intermediate temperature side cylinder 1
The displacer 41d of No. 7 is at the bottom dead center, and the displacer 41 of the low temperature side cylinder 13 is at the top dead center.

Then, in the high temperature side circuit 5, the first regenerator 3
Since the gas absorbs heat in 5, the temperature of the gas rises,
The internal pressure of the high temperature side circuit 5 rises. The high pressure in the high temperature side circuit 5 is transmitted to the low temperature side circuit 7 via the pressure guiding tube 19, and the internal pressure and temperature of the low temperature side circuit 7 rise. As a result, the heat of the gas is radiated in the second intermediate temperature heat exchanger 37, and the heat medium connected to the second intermediate temperature heat exchanger 37A is heated. (3) In the third step, the high temperature heat exchanger 31 in the high temperature side circuit 5 absorbs heat.

In this state, in the high temperature side circuit 5, the displacer 41a of the high temperature cylinder 11 is at the bottom dead center and the displacer 41b of the first intermediate temperature side cylinder 15 is at the top dead center. In the low temperature side circuit 7, since the gas is radiated by the second regenerator 39, the internal pressure of the low temperature side circuit 7 drops and the temperature also drops. The low pressure in the low temperature side circuit 7 is transmitted to the high temperature side circuit 5 via the pressure guiding tube 19, whereby the internal pressure and temperature of the high temperature side circuit 5 decrease, and the gas absorbs heat from the high temperature heat exchanger 31 on the high temperature side. (4) In the fourth step, the low temperature heat exchanger 38 in the low temperature side circuit 7 absorbs heat.

In this state, in the high temperature side circuit 5, the displacer 41a of the high temperature side cylinder 11 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and the displacer 41b of the first middle temperature side cylinder 15 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. Moving. Then, the gas flows from the high temperature side cylinder 11 to the high temperature heat exchanger 31,
After passing through the first regenerator 35 and the first medium temperature heat exchanger 33,
Move to the intermediate temperature side cylinder 15. In the low temperature side circuit 7, the displacer 41d of the second middle temperature side cylinder 17 is at the top dead center and the displacer 41c of the low temperature side cylinder 13 is at the bottom dead center.

In the high temperature side circuit 5, the first regenerator 3
Heat is dissipated at 5, and the internal pressure of the high temperature side circuit 5 drops to a low pressure, and the temperature also drops. The low pressure of the high temperature side circuit 5 is
It is transmitted to the low temperature side circuit 7 via 9, and thereby the internal pressure and temperature of the low temperature side circuit 7 decrease. The low temperature heat exchanger 38 of the low temperature side circuit 7 absorbs heat from the refrigerant to cool the brain (refrigerant).

In this apparatus, the above steps (1) to (4) are repeated.

In each cylinder 11, 13, 15 and 17,
Since each displacer 41a to 41d moves only one temperature space, for example, the high temperature chamber (high temperature space) 21 in the high temperature cylinder 11, its stroke can be minimized and it is connected to the displacer. Since the length of the rod 10 can be reduced and each cylinder can be reduced, the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be downsized as a whole.

Further, each cylinder 11, 13, 15, 17
Since only one temperature space is formed in and there is no temperature space having a different temperature, heat is less likely to leak and heat loss can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, the roller 9 that moves along the cam shape is not limited to the one that contacts the circumferential surface of the cam 8, and may be a positive cam as shown in FIG. In this case, the coil spring 43 arranged in each of the cylinders 11, 13, 15, and 17 is unnecessary, so that the structure can be further simplified.

[0053]

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention, a cam mechanism for simultaneously displacing each displacer is provided in the center thereof, and each cylinder is radially arranged in four directions around the cam constituting the cam mechanism. Since each cylinder has only one temperature space, the stroke of each displacer can be minimized, and the length of the rod etc. connected to the displacer can be minimized, and the length of each cylinder can also be reduced. Therefore, the size of the entire device can be reduced.

Further, since different temperature spaces do not exist in one cylinder, heat is less likely to leak and heat loss is small.

Further, by disposing the heat conductor in the space of each cylinder, heat exchange with the working gas moved therein can be sufficiently performed through the heat conductor. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the refrigeration system is good.

Furthermore, by using a heat conductor as a coil spring and constantly urging the displacer toward the cam, the displacer can be made to follow the cam reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerating apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a high temperature side circuit of the refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a low temperature side circuit of the refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as extracted.

5 is a diagram showing a cam shape and its characteristics of the refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the cam angle shown in FIG. 5, volume change and pressure in each cylinder.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a cam according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional Bilmeier heat cycle refrigeration system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Refrigerator 8 Cam 10 Rod 11 High Temperature Cylinder 13 Low Temperature Cylinder 15 First Medium Temperature Cylinder (Medium Temperature Cylinder) 17 Second Medium Temperature Cylinder (Medium Temperature Cylinder) 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d Displacer

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A displacer arranged in each of these cylinders, comprising a high temperature cylinder forming a high temperature space, first and second medium temperature cylinders forming a medium temperature space, and a low temperature cylinder forming a low temperature space. Is a refrigerating device that moves the working gas to perform heat exchange by the displacement of, and a cam mechanism that displaces each displacer at the same time is provided at the center of the refrigerating device, and each cylinder has a cam that constitutes the cam mechanism. A refrigerating device, which is arranged radially in four directions as a center. 2. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heat conductor is arranged in each of the high temperature space, the medium temperature space, and the low temperature space in each of the cylinders. 3. The heat conductor is formed in a coil spring, and biases the displacer toward a cam mechanism in a high temperature space, a medium temperature space, and a low temperature space, respectively. Refrigerating apparatus according to.