JPH1019404A - External-combustion hot gas engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a higher capacity without increasing a displacement volume of a high temperature chamber by making the displacement volume of a low temperature chamber larger than that of the high temperature chamber to cause a change in capacity on the low temperature side. SOLUTION: In a hot gas engine 1, a high temperature side piston 2 and a low temperature side piston 3 are arranged orthogonal to each other and both the pistons 2 and 3 are housed into a container filled with a working gas such as helium. A high temperature chamber 12 in which the high temperature side piston 2 moves and a medium temperature high-order chamber 13 are arranged inside the container while a low temperature chamber 15 in which the low temperature side piston 3 moves and a medium temperature low-order chamber 14 are arranged. The displacement volume on the low temperature side 15 is made larger than that of the high temperature chamber 12 to cause a change in capacity on the low temperature side. This achieves a higher capacity without increasing the displacement volume of the high temperature chamber 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heater for an external combustion type hot gas engine, which is suitable as a cooling source for a cooling / heating device, a hot water supply device and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as a device for cooling, heating and hot water supply,
A heat pump using a Vermier cycle, which is an external combustion type hot gas engine (hereinafter referred to as VMHP: Vuilleumier Cycle Heat)
Pump). The VMHP causes a pressure change only by a change in the temperature distribution of He (helium) gas as an encapsulating medium (working gas), thereby enabling direct heating / cooling / hot water supply (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 5-5-2).
65777 or JP-A-4-113170).

[0003] This kind of VMHP is, as shown in FIG.
The engine 61 is driven by the heat of the combustor, and the refrigerator 63 is driven by its output 61a.

In order to increase the capacity of the VMHP, first, it is conceivable to increase the capacity of the engine unit 61 as shown in FIG. Specifically, it is to increase the excluded volume of a high-temperature chamber described later. However, merely increasing the capacity of the engine unit 61 increases the output 61a of the engine unit 61 but does not significantly increase the capacity of the refrigerator 63. Second, it is conceivable to increase the capacity of the refrigerator 63 as shown in FIG. Specifically, it is to increase the excluded volume of a low-temperature chamber described later. However, simply increasing the capacity of the refrigerator 61 does not increase the output 61a of the engine unit 61, so the driving energy of the refrigerator 63 is insufficient.
External energy must be introduced.

[0005]

Conventionally, in order to increase the capacity of the VMHP, firstly, the displacement volume of both the high-temperature chamber and the low-temperature chamber is increased. Increasing the excluded volume of the high-temperature chamber has a problem that heat resistance measures are difficult.

Secondly, it is conceivable to adopt a double Stirling cycle or a CY cycle in which a medium temperature chamber with a change in volume is added. However, this involves a problem that the structure becomes complicated and mechanical loss increases. is there. Third,
Since the VMHP has no volume change, the specific output (capacity / exclusion volume) is small, and it is conceivable to add a third piston in order to change the volume. However, this also has a problem that the structure becomes complicated.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to improve the capacity with a simple structure without increasing the excluded volume of a high-temperature chamber. To provide a hot gas engine.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high temperature side displacer piston moving between a high temperature room and a medium temperature room, and a low temperature side displacer piston moving between a low temperature room and a medium temperature room. In an external combustion type hot gas engine including a displacer piston and a rod respectively connected to the both displacer pistons and penetrating through the two middle temperature chambers and connected to the crank, the displacement volume of the high temperature chamber is smaller than the displacement volume of the high temperature chamber. It is characterized in that the rejection volume of the low-temperature chamber is increased and a volume change occurs on the low-temperature side.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-temperature displacer piston moving between a high-temperature room and a medium-temperature room, a low-temperature displacer piston moving between a low-temperature room and a medium-temperature room, In order to improve the capacity of the external combustion type hot gas engine, the external combustion type hot gas engine includes a rod connected to both the displacer pistons, and a rod penetrating through the both middle temperature chambers and connected to the crank. The displacement volume of the low temperature chamber is larger than the displacement volume of the high temperature chamber, and the diameter of the rod connected to the low temperature side displacer piston is increased.

In order to increase the capacity of the VMHP, it is necessary to increase not only the capacity of the engine section (high temperature side) but also the capacity of the refrigerator (low temperature side).

According to these inventions, by changing the volume on the low temperature side by increasing the diameter of the rod or the like, the driving energy of the refrigerator (output of the engine unit)
And the capacity of the refrigerator (low-temperature side) is increased by increasing the rejection volume of the low-temperature chamber more than the rejection volume of the high-temperature chamber.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cold / hot water supply circuit of an air conditioner, which employs a Vilmier cycle hot gas engine 1 whose sectional perspective is shown in FIG.

The hot gas engine 1 includes a high temperature side displacer piston (hereinafter, referred to as a “high temperature side piston”) 2 and a low temperature side displacer piston (hereinafter, referred to as a “low temperature side piston”) 3, which are arranged orthogonally to each other. These are housed in a container filled with a working gas such as helium. Inside the container, a high temperature chamber 12, medium temperature chambers 13 and 14,
It is partitioned into a low-temperature chamber 15. Further, a heater 16 is provided at an end of the high temperature chamber 12, and the heater 16 is heated by the combustor 11.

When the high temperature side piston 2 reaches an intermediate position between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, for example,
The low-temperature side piston 3 is positioned 9
In order to operate with a phase shift of 0 °, they are connected via a crank 10 driven by a motor 9. When the high temperature side piston 2 and the low temperature side piston 3 operate, the sealed working gas passes through the high temperature regenerator 4 and the low temperature
Move between 2 and 13, 14 and 15. The working gas is heated or cooled when passing through the regenerators 4 and 7, so that the pressure in the closed vessel is increased or reduced. For example, when the working gas in the high-temperature chamber 12 moves to the middle-temperature chamber 13 through the high-temperature regenerator 4, the heat energy of the working gas is stored in the high-temperature regenerator 4, and the pressure of the working gas decreases. Conversely, when the working gas recirculates from the medium temperature chamber 13 to the high temperature chamber 12, the thermal energy stored in the high temperature regenerator 4 is released to the working gas, and the pressure of the working gas increases. When the working gas in the low-temperature chamber 15 moves to the medium-temperature chamber 13 through the low-temperature regenerator 7, the working gas is supplied with the thermal energy of the high-temperature regenerator 4, and the pressure of the working gas also increases. Conversely, the working gas flows from the medium temperature chamber 13 to the low temperature chamber 1
At the time of recirculation, the thermal energy of the working gas is absorbed by the low-temperature regenerator 4, and the pressure of the working gas decreases. Also,
Exchange of thermal energy with the outside
And a low-temperature heat exchanger 8 connected to the low-temperature chamber.

For example, when the heater 16 gives thermal energy to the working gas in the high temperature chamber 12, the working gas in the medium temperature chambers 13 and 14 emits heat energy to the external heat medium through the medium temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6. At the same time, the working gas on the low temperature chamber 15 side absorbs heat energy from the external heat medium via the low temperature heat exchanger 8.

That is, in the hot gas engine 1 of the present embodiment, the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 and the low-temperature chamber 15 constitute a heat absorbing portion, while the medium-temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 and the medium-temperature chambers 13 and 14 radiate heat. The air conditioner 100 which constitutes a part and uses the low temperature heat exchanger 8 and the medium temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 of the hot gas engine 1 is provided. The air conditioner 100 includes a hot gas engine 1, an indoor unit 200, and an outdoor unit 300.

An indoor heat exchanger 201 is provided in the indoor unit 200, and an outdoor heat exchanger 300 is provided in the outdoor unit 300. 203 is an indoor fan and 303 is an outdoor fan. The low-temperature heat exchanger 8 and the indoor heat exchanger 201 are connected by a pipe 21, a four-way valve 36 and a pipe 22, and the indoor heat exchanger 201 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 are further connected by a pipe 23 and a four-way valve 37. It is connected to a pipe 24.

The intermediate heat exchanger 5 and the outdoor heat exchanger 30
1 is connected by a pipe 31, a four-way valve 36 and a pipe 32, and the outdoor heat exchanger 301 and the medium temperature heat exchanger 6 are connected by a pipe 33, a four-way valve 37 and a pipe 34. The intermediate-temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 are connected by a pipe 35. Water (hereinafter, referred to as liquid refrigerant) is used as an external heat medium circulating in the pipeline.

During the cooling operation, the hot gas engine 1 is operated by the ignition of the combustor 11, and the heat energy of the working gas is released to the liquid refrigerant through the medium temperature heat exchangers 5, 6, while the low temperature heat exchanger is operated. The heat energy of the liquid refrigerant is absorbed by the working gas through the pipe 8. At this time, the four-way valves 36 and 37 are switched as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and the liquid refrigerant that has released the heat energy in the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 is supplied to the pipeline 21 and the four-way valve 3.
6. It flows to the indoor heat exchanger 201 via the pipe 22.
In the indoor unit 200, the indoor heat exchanger 201 which has become low temperature
Is blown from the indoor fan 203, cool air is blown into the room (cooling is performed), and the liquid refrigerant that has absorbed the heat energy of the room air passes through the pipe 23, the four-way valve 37, and the pipe 24. It recirculates to the low-temperature heat exchanger 8.

At this time, the liquid refrigerant having absorbed the heat energy in the intermediate-temperature heat exchanger 5 is supplied to the pipe 31, the four-way valve 36, and the pipe 32.
Through the outside fan 303, where it is cooled by the air blown from the outdoor fan 303, flows through the pipe 33, the four-way valve 37, and the pipe 34 to the middle-temperature heat exchanger 6, and further through the pipe 35 to exchange medium-temperature heat. Reflux to vessel 5.

Also, during the heating operation, the hot gas engine 1 is operated by the ignition of the combustor 11, and the heat energy of the working gas is absorbed by the liquid refrigerant through the medium temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6, while the low temperature The heat energy of the liquid refrigerant is released to the working gas via the heat exchanger 8, and at this time, the four-way valves 36 and 37 are switched as shown by the dotted lines in FIG.

In this case, the liquid refrigerant having absorbed the heat energy in the intermediate-temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 201 via the pipe 31, the four-way valve 36 and the pipe 22.

In the indoor unit 200, air is blown from the indoor fan 203 to the indoor heat exchanger 201, which has become relatively high temperature, so that warm air is blown into the room (heating is performed). The liquid refrigerant that has released energy is connected to line 2
3, the intermediate temperature heat exchanger 5 via the four-way valve 37 and the pipe 34
Reflux to 6.

At this time, the liquid refrigerant which has released the heat energy in the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 is supplied to the pipe 21, the four-way valve 36, the pipe 32
Then, after flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 301 through the outdoor fan 303 to absorb the heat energy of the outside air, the air flows back to the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 via the pipe 33, the four-way valve 37, and the pipe 24.

In the above-described hot gas engine 1, the capacity of the hot gas engine 1 is increased by the following two configurations. In this hot gas engine 1, the high temperature side including the combustor 11, the high temperature chamber 12, etc.
And the low-temperature side including the low-temperature chamber 15 and the like
3.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excluded volume on the low-temperature side (low-temperature chamber 15) is larger than the excluded volume on the high-temperature side (high-temperature chamber 12). Is set. To increase the displacement volume, the piston stroke or the bore diameter may be increased. According to the first configuration, compared to a hot gas engine in which the excluded volume on the low temperature side and the excluded volume on the high temperature side are the same, the excluded volume on the low temperature side is increased. The capacity of the refrigerator 63 is increased. Second, a rod 3a connected to the low temperature side displacer piston 3
Is a certain size for the low temperature side bore, for example,
It has the size of Equation 1 below.

[0028]

(Equation 1) By the way, on the high temperature side, the following equation (2) is obtained. A large rod diameter / bore ratio means a large volume change.

[0029]

(Equation 2) According to the second configuration, the volume change can be caused on the low temperature side as compared with a hot gas engine in which the diameter and the bore ratio of the rod 3a and the diameter and the bore ratio of the rod 2a are the same.
As shown in FIG. 4, the driving energy of the refrigerator 63 (output of the engine unit 61) can be increased.

In short, according to this embodiment, the capacity of the engine unit 61 is increased by causing a volume change on the low temperature side, and the capacity of the refrigerator 63 is increased by increasing the rejection volume on the low temperature side. To increase. Therefore, according to this, the capacity of the hot gas engine 1 can be improved without increasing the excluded volume on the high-temperature side, that is, without increasing the excluded volume on the high-temperature side. It becomes almost unnecessary.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the capacity of the engine section is increased by causing a volume change on the low temperature side, and the rejection volume on the low temperature side is increased. , The capacity of the hot gas engine can be improved without increasing the excluded volume on the high temperature side. Therefore, difficult heat measures on the high temperature side are almost unnecessary.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a heat pump type air conditioner.

FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view showing a structure of a hot gas engine.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mechanism for improving the performance of a hot gas engine.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a mechanism for improving the performance of an engine section of a hot gas engine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a mechanism for improving the refrigeration function of the hot gas engine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot gas engine 2 High temperature side piston 10 Crank 11 Combustor 12 High temperature room 13, 14 Medium temperature room 15 Low temperature room 16 Heater 61 Engine part 63 Refrigerator

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A high temperature side displacer piston moving between a high temperature room and a medium temperature room, a low temperature side displacer piston moving between a low temperature room and a medium temperature room, and both displacer pistons. An external combustion type hot gas engine having a rod connected to a crank through each of the two middle temperature chambers, wherein the excluded volume of the low temperature chamber is larger than the excluded volume of the high temperature chamber, An external combustion type hot gas engine characterized by causing a volume change in the engine. 2. A high-temperature displacer piston that moves between a high-temperature chamber and a medium-temperature chamber, a low-temperature displacer piston that moves between a low-temperature chamber and a medium-temperature chamber, and both displacer pistons. An external combustion type hot gas engine having a rod connected to the crank through each of the two middle temperature chambers. An external combustion type hot gas engine characterized in that the rejection volume of the low temperature chamber is larger than that of the low temperature chamber and the diameter of the rod connected to the low temperature side displacer piston is larger.