JPH08510355A - 二酸化マンガンカソードを有する一次電気化学電池用添加剤 - Google Patents
二酸化マンガンカソードを有する一次電気化学電池用添加剤Info
- Publication number
- JPH08510355A JPH08510355A JP6525639A JP52563994A JPH08510355A JP H08510355 A JPH08510355 A JP H08510355A JP 6525639 A JP6525639 A JP 6525639A JP 52563994 A JP52563994 A JP 52563994A JP H08510355 A JPH08510355 A JP H08510355A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- cathode
- active material
- cell
- discharge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.アノード活物質、アルカリ電解質水溶液、セパレータ並びに、二酸化マンガ ン及びアナタース形二酸化チタンを含むカソードを有する一次電気化学電池。 2.アノード活物質は亜鉛を含んでいる請求項1の電池。 3.電解質水溶液は水酸化カリウムを含んでいる請求項1の電池。 4.アナタース形二酸化チタンは、カソードの0.1〜5重量%存在する請求項 1の電池。 5.全水銀量は、電池の全重量の50ppmよりも少ない請求項1の電池。 6.全水銀量は、電池の全重量の10ppmよりも少ない請求項1の電池。 7.亜鉛を含む活物質を含むアノードと、KOHを含むアルカリ電解質水溶液と 、セパレータと、二酸化マンガン及び0.1〜5重量%のアナタース形二酸化チ タンを含むカソード物質とを有する一次電気化学電池であって、電池に含まれる 水銀は電池の全重量の50ppmよりも少ない。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/061,976 | 1993-05-17 | ||
| US08/061,976 US5342712A (en) | 1993-05-17 | 1993-05-17 | Additives for primary electrochemical cells having manganese dioxide cathodes |
| PCT/US1994/005170 WO1994027332A1 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 1994-05-10 | Additives for primary electrochemical cells having manganese dioxide cathodes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08510355A true JPH08510355A (ja) | 1996-10-29 |
| JP3491897B2 JP3491897B2 (ja) | 2004-01-26 |
Family
ID=22039426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52563994A Expired - Fee Related JP3491897B2 (ja) | 1993-05-17 | 1994-05-10 | 二酸化マンガンカソードを有する一次電気化学電池用添加剤 |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5342712A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0699347B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3491897B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100310810B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1076128C (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE157200T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU674090B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9406526A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2163101A1 (ja) |
| DE (2) | DE69405098T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0699347T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2107827T3 (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI955507A0 (ja) |
| GR (1) | GR3025066T3 (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ267237A (ja) |
| SG (1) | SG49192A1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW269746B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1994027332A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA943176B (ja) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011204404A (ja) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-10-13 | Fdk Energy Co Ltd | アルカリ電池並びにそれ用の正極添加剤及び正極合剤 |
| WO2014002327A1 (ja) | 2012-06-25 | 2014-01-03 | パナソニック株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| WO2014097511A1 (ja) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| WO2015072058A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アルカリ乾電池 |
| JP2015135724A (ja) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-07-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アルカリ電池及びその製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (42)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9216393D0 (en) * | 1992-08-01 | 1992-09-16 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Electrochemical cell |
| IT1278688B1 (it) * | 1995-05-29 | 1997-11-27 | Volta Ind Srl | Pila a secco con catodo additivato |
| US5599644A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-02-04 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Cathodes for electrochemical cells having additives |
| US5501924A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-03-26 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Alkaline cell having a cathode including a tin dioxide additive |
| US5532085A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1996-07-02 | Duracell Inc. | Additives for alkaline electrochemical cells having manganese dioxide cathodes |
| IT1278764B1 (it) * | 1995-10-03 | 1997-11-27 | Volta Ind Srl | Pila a secco con catodo additivato |
| US5744266A (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 1998-04-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Batteries and a method of manufacturing positive active material for the batteries |
| DE19615724A1 (de) * | 1996-04-20 | 1997-10-23 | Varta Batterie | Galvanische Zelle |
| DE19615845A1 (de) * | 1996-04-20 | 1997-10-23 | Varta Batterie | Kathodenzusatz für alkalische Primärzellen |
| JP2001501773A (ja) | 1996-10-10 | 2001-02-06 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトング | 変性電極材料およびその使用 |
| CA2279350A1 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-06 | Volker Hilarius | New manganese dioxide electrodes, process for producing the same and their use |
| JPH10308217A (ja) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-11-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ乾電池 |
| US6521378B2 (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2003-02-18 | Duracell Inc. | Electrode having multi-modal distribution of zinc-based particles |
| JP2002500418A (ja) * | 1997-12-31 | 2002-01-08 | デュラセル インコーポレイテッド | 電気化学セルバランス |
| DE69837859T2 (de) * | 1997-12-31 | 2008-02-07 | Duracell Inc., Bethel | Poröse zink/manganoxidbatterie |
| JP3866884B2 (ja) | 1998-10-08 | 2007-01-10 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| US6143446A (en) * | 1998-10-21 | 2000-11-07 | Duracell Inc. | Battery cathode |
| JP3625679B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-19 | 2005-03-02 | 三洋電機株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
| US6423438B1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2002-07-23 | The Gillette Company | Method for sealing battery container |
| DE10016024A1 (de) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Aktives Anodenmaterial in elektrochemischen Zellen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| US6524750B1 (en) | 2000-06-17 | 2003-02-25 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Doped titanium oxide additives |
| US6818347B1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2004-11-16 | University Of California | Performance enhancing additives for electrochemical cells |
| US6858349B1 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2005-02-22 | The Gillette Company | Battery cathode |
| AU2002229534A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-11 | Merck Patent G.M.B.H | Particles with opalescent effect |
| ATE509380T1 (de) * | 2001-05-24 | 2011-05-15 | Ray O Vac Corp | Ionenleitendes additiv für zinkanoden in alkalischen elektrochemischen zellen |
| US6878490B2 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2005-04-12 | Fmc Corporation | Positive electrode active materials for secondary batteries and methods of preparing same |
| JP4137417B2 (ja) | 2001-09-25 | 2008-08-20 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | アルカリ乾電池 |
| KR20050037489A (ko) * | 2001-11-01 | 2005-04-22 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 | 알카리 건전지 |
| US6872489B2 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2005-03-29 | Rovcal, Inc. | Alkaline cell with gassing inhibitors |
| US7226696B2 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2007-06-05 | Rayovac Corporation | Alkaline cell with performance enhancing additives |
| US20040229116A1 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2004-11-18 | Malinski James Andrew | Perforated separator for an electrochemical cell |
| ES2209656B2 (es) * | 2002-12-13 | 2005-06-16 | Celaya Emparanza Y Galdos, S.A. (Cegasa) | Un elemento electroquimico o pila y un catodo para el mismo. |
| JP2007524190A (ja) * | 2003-06-17 | 2007-08-23 | ザ ジレット カンパニー | 電池用アノード |
| CN100514728C (zh) * | 2004-10-21 | 2009-07-15 | 吉莱特公司 | 电池阴极 |
| US7563537B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2009-07-21 | Rovcal, Inc. | Ionically conductive clay additive for use in electrochemical cells |
| US20070148533A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | Anglin David L | Batteries |
| US8003258B2 (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2011-08-23 | The Gillette Company | Alkaline cell with improved anode |
| US8334067B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2012-12-18 | The Gillette Company | Non-uniform conductive coating for cathode active material |
| CN102097662B (zh) * | 2009-12-11 | 2013-05-29 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | 一种锌离子电池 |
| CN102110858B (zh) * | 2009-12-29 | 2013-04-17 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | 以钒的氧化物为正极的可充电锌离子电池 |
| US10547059B2 (en) | 2018-02-21 | 2020-01-28 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Sulfate and sulfonate based surfactants for alkaline battery anode |
| AU2023279014A1 (en) | 2022-06-03 | 2024-11-14 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Phosphate-based surfactants for alkaline battery anodes |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1058778A (en) * | 1912-08-31 | 1913-04-15 | William Morrison | Storage battery. |
| US4096318A (en) * | 1974-10-26 | 1978-06-20 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Rechargeable accumulator having a manganese dioxide electrode and an acid electrolyte |
| US4483785A (en) * | 1976-02-18 | 1984-11-20 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Electrically conductive and corrosion resistant current collector and/or container |
| GB1577364A (en) * | 1976-02-18 | 1980-10-22 | Ford Motor Co | Method for producing high strength polycrystalline titanium dioxide ceramic member |
| CA1176115A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1984-10-16 | Cornelis Blaauw | Method of preparing ti0.sub.2 thick film photoanodes for photoelectrochemical cells |
| DE3337568A1 (de) * | 1983-10-15 | 1985-04-25 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Herstellung von elektrolytischem braunstein fuer alkalische zellen |
| US4549943A (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1985-10-29 | Union Carbide Corporation | Suspension bath and process for production of electrolytic manganese dioxide |
| JPS646384A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell |
| HU201438B (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1990-10-28 | Karl Kordesh | Rechargeable zinc-restricted alkali manganese dioxide-zinc cell |
| JP2777383B2 (ja) * | 1988-11-25 | 1998-07-16 | 富士電気化学株式会社 | 非水電解液電池 |
| US5026617A (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1991-06-25 | Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited | Separator for alkaline cell and alkaline cell prepared by using this separator |
-
1993
- 1993-05-17 US US08/061,976 patent/US5342712A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-05-06 ZA ZA943176A patent/ZA943176B/xx unknown
- 1994-05-10 CA CA002163101A patent/CA2163101A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-05-10 JP JP52563994A patent/JP3491897B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-10 EP EP94917944A patent/EP0699347B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-10 DK DK94917944.4T patent/DK0699347T3/da active
- 1994-05-10 SG SG1996007443A patent/SG49192A1/en unknown
- 1994-05-10 KR KR1019950705116A patent/KR100310810B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-10 AT AT94917944T patent/ATE157200T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-10 AU AU69464/94A patent/AU674090B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-05-10 DE DE69405098T patent/DE69405098T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-10 WO PCT/US1994/005170 patent/WO1994027332A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-05-10 BR BR9406526A patent/BR9406526A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-10 DE DE0699347T patent/DE699347T1/de active Pending
- 1994-05-10 NZ NZ267237A patent/NZ267237A/en unknown
- 1994-05-10 ES ES94917944T patent/ES2107827T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-10 FI FI955507A patent/FI955507A0/fi unknown
- 1994-05-10 CN CN94192130A patent/CN1076128C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-17 TW TW083104427A patent/TW269746B/zh active
-
1997
- 1997-10-15 GR GR970402712T patent/GR3025066T3/el unknown
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011204404A (ja) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-10-13 | Fdk Energy Co Ltd | アルカリ電池並びにそれ用の正極添加剤及び正極合剤 |
| WO2014002327A1 (ja) | 2012-06-25 | 2014-01-03 | パナソニック株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| JP5409975B1 (ja) * | 2012-06-25 | 2014-02-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| US9209431B2 (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2015-12-08 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Alkaline battery |
| WO2014097511A1 (ja) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| US9337485B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-05-10 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Alkaline battery |
| WO2015072058A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アルカリ乾電池 |
| JPWO2015072058A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2017-03-16 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アルカリ乾電池 |
| JP2015135724A (ja) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-07-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | アルカリ電池及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA943176B (en) | 1995-01-11 |
| AU674090B2 (en) | 1996-12-05 |
| EP0699347A4 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
| EP0699347B1 (en) | 1997-08-20 |
| FI955507A7 (fi) | 1995-11-15 |
| DE69405098D1 (de) | 1997-09-25 |
| KR100310810B1 (ko) | 2003-09-06 |
| WO1994027332A1 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
| JP3491897B2 (ja) | 2004-01-26 |
| DK0699347T3 (da) | 1998-01-26 |
| KR960702681A (ko) | 1996-04-27 |
| EP0699347A1 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
| AU6946494A (en) | 1994-12-12 |
| ATE157200T1 (de) | 1997-09-15 |
| US5342712A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
| CN1123584A (zh) | 1996-05-29 |
| NZ267237A (en) | 1996-06-25 |
| ES2107827T3 (es) | 1997-12-01 |
| FI955507L (fi) | 1995-11-15 |
| DE699347T1 (de) | 1996-10-24 |
| BR9406526A (pt) | 1996-01-02 |
| FI955507A0 (fi) | 1995-11-15 |
| TW269746B (ja) | 1996-02-01 |
| CA2163101A1 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
| SG49192A1 (en) | 1998-05-18 |
| CN1076128C (zh) | 2001-12-12 |
| GR3025066T3 (en) | 1998-01-30 |
| DE69405098T2 (de) | 1998-02-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3491897B2 (ja) | 二酸化マンガンカソードを有する一次電気化学電池用添加剤 | |
| EP0694215B1 (en) | Electrochemical cell with zinc anode | |
| US11133497B2 (en) | Alkaline cell with improved discharge efficiency | |
| US4994333A (en) | Galvanic primary cell | |
| JP4049811B2 (ja) | 一次電気化学電池 | |
| JP4024538B2 (ja) | 改良されたアノードを有するアルカリ電池 | |
| KR19990044021A (ko) | 이산화망간 음극을 갖는 알칼리성 전기화학전지를 위한 첨가제 | |
| US20080193851A1 (en) | Alkaline electrochemical cell having improved gelled anode | |
| JP3215447B2 (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH06223829A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH0620687A (ja) | アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH05151957A (ja) | アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH0822822A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH06338314A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| MXPA97006186A (en) | Additives for primary electrochemical cells having manganese dioxide cathodes | |
| JPS63181257A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池用亜鉛合金 | |
| JPH0822823A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH0644491B2 (ja) | 密閉型アルカリ蓄電池 | |
| JPH06338318A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| HK1007094B (en) | Substantially mercury-free electrochemical cells | |
| JPH06203832A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH04206356A (ja) | アルカリ電池 | |
| JPH06338317A (ja) | 亜鉛アルカリ電池 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20071114 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081114 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081114 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081114 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081114 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091114 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091114 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091114 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101114 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101114 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111114 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111114 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121114 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |