JPH0949648A - Heat pump type air conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump type air conditioning apparatus capable of sufficiently handling the demand of supplying hot water when the demand for supplying hot water alone exists with none for cooling or heating while handling of the demand sufficiently for supplying hot water even without the operation of a thermal gas engine. SOLUTION: A heat exchanger 60 for supplying hot water is connected to a heat transportation circuit linked to a heat source 11 for heat radiation while a hot water supplying circuit 50 is connected to the heat exchanger 60 for supplying hot water to heat cold water or supply hot water by passing external supply water or circulation water therethrough and a heat transportation circuit switching means 400 is provided on the heat transportation circuit linked to the heat source 11 for heat radiation to let cold or hot water flow to the heat exchanger 60 for supplying hot water by bypassing an outdoor heat exchanger 301 or a room heat exchanger 201. When the demand for supplying hot water alone exists, the heat transportation circuit switching means 400 is changed over and the cold or hot water alone flows to the heat exchanger 60 for supplying hot water to heat cold water or supply hot water. The temperature of the hot water supplied is raised by operating an auxiliary heating means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for cooling and heating and supplying hot water by utilizing a hot gas engine which operates by heat or power from the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a hot gas engine such as a Stirling cycle engine or an absorption refrigerating engine which performs cooling and heating by using a high-temperature heat source by combustion or the power of an electric motor as a driving source. A feature of this type of heat gas engine is that heat pump work is performed using a gas such as helium, nitrogen, or ammonia without using chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant. This type of hot gas engine has a drawback in that it is not possible to convey cold and hot heat to the indoor unit by using a refrigerant, unlike a reverse Rankine type cooling and heating machine that uses Freon.

Therefore, conventionally, a heat source for absorbing heat of a hot gas engine, a heat source for radiating heat of a hot gas engine, an indoor heat exchanger, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a pipe line, and heat is transferred by cold / hot water. An air conditioner has been proposed (eg, Patent No. 185).
7581).

In this air conditioner, terminal equipment such as an indoor unit and an outdoor unit are used for both cooling and heating, so a cold water circuit and a hot water circuit are switched using a four-way valve.

[0005]

However, in the above-described conventional structure, the heat pumped from the room by the indoor unit during cooling and the heat input to drive the heat cycle are released to the outside air by the outdoor unit. There is a problem that energy cannot be effectively used. Further, even when trying to effectively utilize the heat described above, water is used as the heat carrier medium in the above conventional example, and since the water is shared by cooling and heating, an antifreeze liquid is required, and as it is as hot water supply water. There is a problem that it cannot be used. Further, considering the operating rate of the heat pump, there is a problem that the heat cannot be effectively used unless the time when heat is generated in the hot gas engine and the time when hot water supply is requested.

In order to solve these various problems, a hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to a heat carrier circuit connected to a heat radiation heat source, and external supply water or circulating water is passed through the hot water supply heat exchanger to supply external supply water or the like. It is also conceivable to heat and supply hot water.

However, this method has a problem that cold and hot water also flows into the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger when there is no request for cooling or heating but only for hot water supply. Further, there is a problem that it is extremely uneconomical because the hot gas engine must be operated only when there is a request for hot water supply.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional example, and to be able to sufficiently cope with the case where there is no request for cooling or heating but only for hot water supply.
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump type air conditioner that can sufficiently meet the demand for hot water supply without operating a hot gas engine.

[0009]

The invention according to claim 1 has a hot gas engine which is operated by heat or power from the outside, and a heat source for absorbing heat of the hot gas engine and heat radiation of the hot gas engine. In a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus in which a heat source for heating, an outdoor heat exchanger provided in the outdoor unit, and an indoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor unit are connected by a heat delivery circuit, hot water is supplied to the heat delivery circuit connected to the heat source for heat radiation. In addition to connecting the heat exchanger for water supply, the heat exchanger for hot water supply is connected to a hot water supply circuit for heating and supplying hot water through external supply water or circulating water, and an auxiliary heating means is connected to this hot water supply circuit and is connected to the heat source for heat radiation. The heat transfer circuit is provided with heat transfer circuit switching means for bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger and flowing hot water to the hot water supply heat exchanger. .

The invention according to claim 2 has a hot gas engine which is operated by heat or power from the outside, the heat source for absorbing heat of the hot gas engine, the heat source for radiating heat of the hot gas engine, and the outdoor unit. In the heat pump type cooling and heating device in which the outdoor heat exchanger provided in the above and the indoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor unit are connected by a heat transfer circuit, the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat radiation heat source. Together with this hot water supply heat exchanger, a hot water supply circuit for heating and supplying hot water through external supply water or circulating water is connected, an auxiliary heating means is connected to this hot water supply circuit, and the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the hot water supply circuit. The auxiliary heating means is provided with hot water supply circuit switching means for flowing the externally supplied water or circulating water by bypass.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, each of the devices other than the indoor unit is housed in the outdoor unit.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the hot water heated by the heat source for heat radiation of the hot gas engine enters the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit through the heat transfer circuit, the room is heated, and at that time, the heat absorption is performed. Cold water cooled by the heat source enters the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit, where it absorbs heat from the outside. On the other hand, when cold water cooled by the heat absorbing heat source of the hot gas engine enters the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit through the heat transfer circuit, the room is cooled, and at that time, the hot water warmed by the heat radiating heat source is heated by the outdoor unit. Enters into the outdoor heat exchanger, where heat is radiated to the outside. Especially during cooling, heat is radiated through hot water warmed by the heat source for heat radiation, so if a heat exchanger for hot water supply is installed there, the hot water can be used to heat externally supplied water or circulating water to supply hot water. You can Further, since the heat transfer circuit switching means is provided, the outdoor heat exchanger does not flow to the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger when there is only a request for hot water supply without a request for cooling or heating, for example. Since hot water can be passed through the heat exchanger for hot water supply by bypassing the exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger, the external supply water or circulating water can be supplied only by operating the hot gas engine even when the heating and cooling operation is stopped. Can be heated to supply hot water. Further, since the auxiliary heating means is provided in the hot water supply circuit, when it is desired to raise the temperature of the hot water which has been heated and supplied, the auxiliary heating means can be operated to raise the hot water temperature to about 80 ° C., for example. it can. Further, according to the above invention, since the heat source for radiating heat is used to heat and supply hot water, energy can be effectively used. According to the present invention, hot water can be supplied not only during cooling but also during heating.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the hot water supply circuit switching means is provided, when there is no request for cooling or heating, and there is only a request for hot water supply, the hot gas engine is not operated, and external supply is performed. Water or circulating water can be heated to supply hot water.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since each device other than the indoor unit is housed in the outdoor unit, each device can be compactly assembled.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of a heat pump type air conditioner according to the present invention. In this circuit, a hot gas engine 1 using a heat pump of a Stirling cycle engine is used as a heat source. . The Stirling cycle hot gas engine 1 itself is known,
Although a detailed description is omitted, a high temperature side piston 3 and a low temperature side piston 5 are provided. The pistons 3 and 5 can operate with a 90 ° phase shift from each other, for example, when the high temperature side piston 3 reaches an intermediate position toward the top dead center, the low temperature side piston 5 reaches the top dead center. Are connected via a crank 7 driven by a motor 6.

When the high-temperature side piston 3 and the low-temperature side piston 5 operate, the enclosed helium moves through the regenerator 9, and when passing through the regenerator 9, is heated or cooled, and Due to the volume change due to the movement of the piston,
Helium is boosted or depressurized. When the pressure of helium increases, the temperature rises and heat is released to the medium temperature heat exchanger 11, and when the pressure decreases, the temperature decreases and heat is absorbed from the low temperature heat exchanger 13.

That is, the low-temperature heat exchanger 13 is connected to the hot gas engine 1
, And the medium temperature heat exchanger 11 constitutes a heat radiation heat source of the hot gas engine 1.

However, according to this embodiment, the air conditioner 101 using the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorption heat source) 13 and the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat radiation heat source) 11 of the hot gas engine 1 is used. Will be provided. The air conditioner 101 includes an indoor unit 200 and an outdoor unit 300 including the hot gas engine 1.

The indoor unit 200 includes an indoor heat exchanger 201 and an indoor fan 203. In addition, the outdoor unit 300
Is the hot gas engine 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 301, and the outdoor fan 3.
03, further, a hot water pump 20, a cold water pump 21, a three-way valve (heat transfer circuit switching means) 400,
Four-way valves 30, 31, a hot water supply heat exchanger 60, and an external water supply pipe 7 for guiding externally supplied water to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60.
It has 0 and.

According to this embodiment, the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 is connected to the hot water supply pipe (hot water supply circuit) 50 in addition to the external water supply pipe 70, and the hot water supply pipe 50 has a heating heat exchanger. An auxiliary heating means 90 composed of 91 and a combustor 92 and an on-off valve 51 are provided. Then, when the on-off valve 51 is opened, the external supply water supplied through the external water supply pipe 70 is guided to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and further to the heating heat exchanger 91, heated there, and then heated. Hot water is supplied through 50.

Although FIG. 1 shows the cooling operation, the heat transfer circuits 40 to 47 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flow of cold water and hot water during the cooling operation.

During the cooling operation, the four-way valves 30 and 31 are shown in FIG.
At, it is switched as shown by the solid line. in this case,
Cold water absorbed by the low temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat absorption) 13 is
After passing through the pipe line 40 to the four-way valve 30 and flowing through the pipe line 41 to the indoor heat exchanger 201, heat is exchanged there, and the indoor fan 203 is rotated to blow out cool air into the room (cooling), and then the pipe. Through the line 42, the four-way valve 31, the cold water pump 21, and the pipe line 43, a low temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat absorption)
Return to 13.

At this time, the medium temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat radiation) 1
The hot water radiated in 1 is supplied to the pipeline 44, the hot water pump 20,
After flowing through the three-way valve (heat transfer circuit switching means) 400, the four-way valve 30, and the pipe 45 to the outdoor heat exchanger 301, the outdoor fan 303 is rotated there to perform heat exchange, and then the pipe 46 and four-way. Valve 31, heat exchanger 60 for hot water supply,
It returns to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat dissipation heat source) 11 through the pipe line 47. By circulating cold and hot water in this way, the heat exchanger 6 for hot water supply
0 and the outdoor heat exchanger 301, or either one of the heat exchangers 60 and 301 radiates the waste heat due to the heat cycle, and the indoor heat exchanger 201 absorbs heat from the indoor air to perform cooling.

In particular, during this cooling operation, cooling efficiency is improved by radiating heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 rather than radiating heat only in the outdoor heat exchanger 301, and moreover, radiating heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60. The more the water is supplied, the more the amount of hot water is supplied. Therefore, the energy is effectively used to produce the effect of two birds with one stone. This is easily achieved by controlling the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 303, and the maximum hot water supply capacity is obtained when the fan is stopped. However, the heating temperature in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 cannot exceed the heat radiation temperature there. The heating temperature in the heat exchanger 60 for hot water supply is at most 30 to 50 ° C.
It is a degree.

When it is desired to raise the hot water supply temperature, the combustor 92 of the auxiliary heating means 90 may be burned in this embodiment. According to this, the hot water passing through the heating heat exchanger 91 of the auxiliary heating means 90 is heated by the combustor 92, and the hot water supply temperature rises to about 80 ° C., although it depends on the capacity of the combustor 92.

Next, during the heating operation, the four-way valves 30, 31
Are switched as shown by the dotted line in FIG. In this case, the hot water radiated by the medium temperature heat exchanger (heat radiation heat source) 11 passes through the pipe 44, the hot water pump 20, the three-way valve (heat transfer circuit switching means) 400, the four-way valve 30, and the pipe 41 to the indoor heat. After flowing into the exchanger 201, the indoor fan 203 is rotated there to perform heat exchange, and after warm air is sent out to the room (heating), the pipe 42, the four-way valve 31, the hot water supply heat exchanger 60, and the pipe 47. Through medium temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat dissipation)
Return to 11.

At this time, the low temperature heat exchanger (heat source for absorbing heat) 1
The cold water that has absorbed heat in 3 is pipe 40, four-way valve 30, pipe 4
5 to the outdoor heat exchanger 301, where the outdoor fan 303 is rotated to perform heat exchange, and then the low temperature heat exchanger (for heat absorption) through the pipe line 46, the four-way valve 31, the chilled water pump 21, and the pipe line 43. Return to (heat source) 13. In this way, the circulation of cold and hot water absorbs heat from the outside air through the outdoor heat exchanger 301, and the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and the indoor heat exchanger 201, or either one of the heat exchangers 60, 20.
Waste heat from the heat cycle is radiated through 1 to perform heating or hot water supply, or simultaneous operation of heating and hot water supply.

At the time of hot water supply, external water is supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 through the external water supply pipe 70, is heated by the hot water passing therethrough, and is used for hot water supply via the hot water supply pipe 50 and the opening / closing valve 51. However, the heating temperature in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 cannot naturally exceed the heat radiation temperature there. The heating temperature in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 becomes lower than that during the cooling operation.

When it is desired to raise the hot water supply temperature, in this embodiment, the combustor 92 of the auxiliary heating means 90 may be burned.

According to this, the hot water passing through the heating heat exchanger 91 of the auxiliary heating means 90 is heated by the combustor 92, and the hot water supply temperature rises depending on the capacity of the combustor 92. In addition,
During heating, heat dissipation from the indoor unit 200 is also added,
Since the temperature of the hot water that can be used for hot water supply drops, it is desirable to limit the capacity of the indoor unit 200 (set a heating temperature limit) or stop the heating operation of the indoor unit during hot water supply.

According to this embodiment, however, when there is no request for cooling or heating operation but only for hot water supply operation, as shown in FIG. 2, four-way valves 30, 31, three-way valves (heat transfer circuit) Switching means) 400 is switched respectively.

According to this, the hot water radiated by the medium temperature heat exchanger (heat radiating heat source) 11 flows to the pipe line 44, the hot water pump 20, the three-way valve (heat transfer circuit switching means) 400, and the indoor unit 200. To the heat exchanger 60 for hot water supply through the pipe line 48, and then returns to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat radiation) 11 through the pipe line 47.

The hot water heat exchanger 60 includes an external water supply pipe 70.
External water is supplied through the heat exchanger 60. The external water is heated by the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and is used for hot water supply via the hot water supply pipe 50 and the on-off valve 51. However, the heating temperature in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 cannot naturally exceed the heat radiation temperature there, and is about 30 ° C. to 50 ° C. Therefore, if necessary, the combustor 92 of the auxiliary heating means 90. Will be burned.

On the other hand, the cold water absorbed by the low-temperature heat exchanger (heat-absorbing heat source) 13 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 301 through the pipe 40, the four-way valve 30, and the pipe 45, where the outdoor fan 3
After exchanging heat by rotating 03, pipe 4
6, the four-way valve 31, the cold water pump 21, and the pipe line 43 are returned to the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorption heat source) 13.

According to this, heat is absorbed from the outside air through the outdoor heat exchanger 301 by the circulation of cold and hot water, and is radiated through the heat exchanger 60 for hot water supply by the heat cycle, and this heat is used for hot water supply. .

In the above embodiment, all the devices other than the indoor unit 200 are housed together in the outdoor unit 300 and are compact.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the hot gas engine 1 must be operated when there is no request for cooling or heating operation but only for hot water supply operation. Therefore, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is provided so that the hot gas engine 1 can be sufficiently operated even when there is a request for only hot water supply. As shown in FIG. 3, a three-way valve (hot water supply circuit switching valve) 410 is connected to the external water supply pipe 70, and a pipe line 49 that bypasses the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 is connected to the three-way valve (hot water supply circuit switching means) 410. The pipe 49 is connected to the heat exchanger 91 for heating.
Is connected to the hot water supply pipe 50 located downstream.

According to this, since hot water can be supplied independently of the hot gas engine 1, it is possible to sufficiently meet the request for only hot water supply. Further, it is possible to satisfy the hot water supply request while performing the cooling or heating operation regardless of those operations.

The energy saving effect in each of the above-described embodiments is, for example, that the heat (work) input for driving the hot gas engine 1 is 1, and the coefficient of performance (COP) during cooling is 0.
If the number is 7, the heat available for hot water supply is 1.7. Therefore, when the case of cooling and the case of supplying hot water are added, the heat that can be used becomes 2.4, and very effective heat utilization can be achieved compared to the case of performing only cooling. Considering the efficiency 0.8 of the combustor in the case of the heat-driven heat pump, the heat that can be effectively used is 2.2, which is very energy-saving in this case as well.

Further, when hot water is supplied according to each of the above embodiments, the efficiency of the hot gas engine 1 can be improved as an additional effect.

That is, in the heat pump, the efficiency can be improved by decreasing the temperature ratio (Tm / Tc) of the temperature (Tm) of the heat source that releases the heat to the temperature (Tc) of the heat source that pumps the heat. In the case of the embodiment, since the temperature of hot water that is a heat source for releasing heat is cooled with water (for example, the standard temperature of tap water during cooling is about 27 ° C.), an air heat source (for example, air during cooling) is used. Standard temperature is about 3
The temperature is lower than that of 5 ° C., and the efficiency of the hot gas engine 1 can be improved.

Each of the pumps and each of the four-way valves in each of the above-mentioned embodiments is equipped with an actuator (not shown) for operating the valve or the like, and these actuators are provided in each operation mode in this device 101. In accordance with the above, a control device (not shown) such as a microcomputer is mounted as control means for controlling as described above.

Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

For example, in the above embodiment, the Stirling cycle heat pump is used as the hot gas engine 1. However, the hot gas engine 1 may be a radiant heat source capable of generating hot water and an endothermic heat capable of generating cold water. Any material may be used as long as it has a heat source, and for example, an absorption heat pump or the like may be used. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the four-way valve or the on-off valve is used to control the path of the cold water or the hot water, but it can be realized by a combination of the on-off valve and the three-way valve.

[0046]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first aspect of the invention, the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat transfer heat source is connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger, and the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the outside. Since heating and hot water is supplied through supply water or circulating water,
In particular, the heat released to the outside during cooling can be effectively used by utilizing it for hot water supply. Further, since the heat transfer circuit switching means is provided, for example, when there is no request for cooling or heating but only a request for hot water supply, the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger is bypassed, and the heat exchanger for hot water supply is provided. Since hot water can be supplied to the outside, it is possible to heat the externally supplied water or the circulating water to supply hot water only by operating the hot gas engine. Further, since the auxiliary heating means is provided in the hot water supply circuit, when it is desired to raise the temperature of the hot water which has been heated and supplied, the auxiliary heating means can be operated to raise the hot water temperature to about 80 ° C., for example. it can.

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the hot water supply circuit switching means is provided, for example, when there is only a hot water supply request, the external supply water or circulating water is heated without operating the hot gas engine. Can supply hot water.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since each device other than the indoor unit is housed in the outdoor unit, each device can be compactly assembled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of a heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which a heat transfer circuit switching means is switched in the circuit of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hot Gas Engine 11 Middle Temperature Heat Exchanger (Heat Radiation Heat Source) 13 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger (Heat Absorption Heat Source) 40-47 Pipeline 50 Hot Water Supply Pipe (Hot Water Supply Circuit) 51 Open / Close Valve 60 Hot Water Supply Heat Exchanger 70 External Water Supply Pipe 90 Auxiliary heating means 91 Heating heat exchanger 92 Combustor 101 Air conditioner 200 Indoor unit 201 Indoor heat exchanger 300 Outdoor unit 301 Outdoor heat exchanger 400 Heat transfer circuit switching means 410 Hot water supply circuit switching means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A heat gas engine that operates by heat or power from the outside, and a heat source for absorbing heat of the heat gas engine, a heat source for radiating heat of the hot gas engine, and an outdoor heat exchanger provided in an outdoor unit. In a heat pump type cooling and heating device in which an indoor heat exchanger provided in an indoor unit is connected by a heat transfer circuit, a hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat transfer heat source A hot water supply circuit for heating and supplying hot water through external supply water or circulating water is connected to the heater, an auxiliary heating means is connected to this hot water supply circuit, and a heat transfer circuit connected to the heat source for heat radiation is connected to the indoor heat exchanger or the heat exchanger. A heat pump type cooling and heating device comprising a heat transfer circuit switching means for bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger and allowing hot water to flow through the hot water supply heat exchanger. 2. A hot gas engine operated by heat or power from the outside, the heat source for absorbing heat of the hot gas engine, the heat source for radiating heat of the hot gas engine, and the outdoor heat exchanger provided in the outdoor unit. In a heat pump type cooling and heating device in which an indoor heat exchanger provided in an indoor unit is connected by a heat transfer circuit, a hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat transfer heat source A hot water supply circuit for heating and hot water is connected to the water heater by supplying externally supplied water or circulating water, an auxiliary heating means is connected to the hot water supply circuit, and the hot water supply heat exchanger is bypassed to the hot water supply circuit to perform the auxiliary heating. A heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus, characterized in that the means is provided with hot water supply circuit switching means for flowing externally supplied water or circulating water. 3. The heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the devices other than the indoor unit is housed in the outdoor unit.