JPH08303893A - Heat pump type air conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a heat pump type air-conditioning apparatus which controls air-conditioning and hot-water supplying simultaneously or individually. CONSTITUTION: This air-conditioning apparatus is provided with a low temperature heat exchanger 13 of a thermal gas engine 1, a medium temperature heat exchanger 11 of the thermal gas engine 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 301 provided on an outdoor unit 300, a room heat exchanger 201 provided on a room unit 200, pipelines 40-47 to connect the parts mentioned above, an external water pipe 70, a heat exchanger 60 to supply hot-water for heating water supplied externally and a hot-water pipe 50 to supply hot-water heated by the heat exchanger 60 for supplying hot-water.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for cooling and heating and supplying hot water by utilizing a hot gas engine which is operated by heat or power from the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, there have been known hot gas engines such as Stirling cycle engines and absorption refrigerating engines that perform cooling and heating by using a high temperature heat source such as combustion or a power source such as an electric motor as a drive source. A feature of this type of hot gas engine is that it does not use CFCs as a refrigerant, but uses a gas such as helium, nitrogen, or ammonia to perform heat pump work. This type of hot gas engine has a drawback in that it is not possible to convey cold and hot heat to the indoor unit by using a refrigerant, unlike a reverse Rankine type cooling and heating machine that uses Freon.

Therefore, conventionally, a heat source for absorbing heat of a hot gas engine, a heat source for radiating heat of a hot gas engine, an indoor heat exchanger, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a pipe line, and heat is transferred by cold / hot water. An air conditioner has been proposed (eg, Patent No. 185).
7581).

In this air conditioner, terminal equipment such as an indoor unit and an outdoor unit are used for both cooling and heating, so a cold water circuit and a hot water circuit are switched using a four-way valve.

[0005]

However, in the above-described conventional structure, the heat pumped from the room by the indoor unit during cooling and the heat input to drive the heat cycle are released to the outside air by the outdoor unit. There is a problem that energy cannot be effectively used. Further, even when trying to effectively utilize the heat described above, water is used as the heat carrier medium in the above conventional example, and since the water is shared by cooling and heating, an antifreeze liquid is required, and as it is as hot water supply water. There is a problem that it cannot be used. Further, considering the operating rate of the heat pump, there is a problem that the heat cannot be effectively used unless the time when heat is generated in the hot gas engine and the time when hot water supply is requested.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional example and to provide a heat pump type cooling / heating apparatus capable of supplying hot water simultaneously with cooling / heating or individually.

[0007]

The invention according to claim 1 has a hot gas engine which is operated by heat or power from the outside, and a heat source for absorbing heat of the hot gas engine and heat radiation of the hot gas engine. In a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus in which a heat source for heating, an outdoor heat exchanger provided in the outdoor unit, and an indoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor unit are connected by a heat delivery circuit, hot water is supplied to the heat delivery circuit connected to the heat source for heat radiation. A heat exchanger for water supply is connected, and external heat supply or circulating water is used to heat the hot water heat exchanger.
It is characterized by supplying hot water.

The invention according to claim 2 has a hot gas engine which is operated by heat or power from the outside. The heat source for absorbing heat of the hot gas engine, the heat source for radiating heat of the hot gas engine, and the outdoor unit. In the heat pump type cooling and heating device in which the outdoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor unit are connected by a heat transfer circuit, the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat dissipation heat source. While heating and hot water is supplied to the heat exchanger for hot water supply through external supply water or circulating water,
It is characterized in that a control means for controlling cooling, heating and hot water supply simultaneously or individually is provided.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
The external water supply pipe for guiding the external supply water or the circulating water is provided in the device described in (3) above, and the external water supply pipe is provided with a hot water storage tank.

[0010]

According to the invention described in claim 1, when the hot water warmed by the heat source for heat radiation of the hot gas engine enters the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit through the heat transfer circuit, the room is heated, and at that time, the heat absorption is performed. Cold water cooled by the heat source enters the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit, where it absorbs heat from the outside. On the other hand, when cold water cooled by the heat absorbing heat source of the hot gas engine enters the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit through the heat transfer circuit, the room is cooled, and at that time, the hot water warmed by the heat radiating heat source is heated by the outdoor unit. Enters into the outdoor heat exchanger, where heat is radiated to the outside. Especially during cooling, heat is radiated through hot water warmed by the heat source for heat radiation, so if a heat exchanger for hot water supply is installed there, the hot water can be used to heat externally supplied water or circulating water to supply hot water. You can At this time, since the heat source for radiating heat is used to heat and supply hot water, energy can be effectively used. According to the present invention, hot water can be supplied not only during cooling but also during heating.

In the second aspect of the invention, cooling and hot water supply,
In addition to heating and hot water supply, only hot water supply can be controlled individually.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, an external water supply pipe for guiding the external supply water or circulating water is provided, and the external water supply pipe is provided with a hot water storage tank. Therefore, the heat when the heat pump is operating can be effectively stored as hot water, and the heat stored in the hot water can be used as hot water when needed, enabling effective cooling and heating operation according to the hot water supply load. Become.

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the construction of an embodiment of a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus according to the present invention. In this circuit, a hot gas engine 1 utilizing a heat pump of a Stirling cycle engine is used as a heat source. The Stirling cycle hot gas engine 1 itself is publicly known, and the high temperature side piston 3 and the low temperature side piston 5 are provided, although a detailed description is omitted. The pistons 3 and 5 can be operated with 90 ° phase shifts from each other such that when the high temperature side piston 3 reaches an intermediate position toward the bottom dead center, the low temperature side piston 5 reaches the top dead center. The motor 6
It is connected via a crank 7 driven by.

When the high temperature side piston 3 and the low temperature side piston 5 are operated, the enclosed helium moves through the regenerator 9 and, when passing through the regenerator 9, is heated or cooled, and Due to the volume change due to the movement of the piston,
Helium is boosted or depressurized. When the pressure of helium is increased, the temperature rises and heat is radiated to the medium temperature heat exchanger 11, and when the pressure is reduced, the temperature decreases and heat is absorbed from the low temperature heat exchanger 13.

That is, the low temperature heat exchanger 13 is the hot gas engine 1
And the intermediate temperature heat exchanger 11 constitutes a heat source for heat radiation of the hot gas engine 1.

According to this embodiment, however, the air conditioner 1 using the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorption heat source) 13 and the medium temperature heat exchanger (heat radiation heat source) 11 of the hot gas engine 1.
01 is provided. This air conditioner 101 is an indoor unit 2
00 and the outdoor unit 300 including the hot gas engine 1.

The indoor unit 200 includes an indoor heat exchanger 201 and an indoor fan 203. In addition, the outdoor unit 300
Is the hot gas engine 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 301, and the outdoor fan 3.
03, and a hot water pump 20, a cold water pump 21, four-way valves 30, 31, and a hot water heat exchanger 60.
And an external water supply pipe 70 for guiding the external supply water to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60.

According to this embodiment, the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 50, and the hot water supply pipe 50 is provided with the opening / closing valve 51. When the opening / closing valve 51 is opened, the external water supply pipe is opened. External supply water supplied through 70 is introduced to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and heated there, and then the hot water supply pipe 5
Hot water is supplied through 0.

Although FIG. 1 shows the cooling operation, the heat transfer circuits 40 to 47 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flow of cold water and hot water during the cooling operation.

During the cooling operation, the four-way valves 30 and 31 are shown in FIG.
At, it is switched as shown by the solid line. in this case,
Cold water absorbed by the low temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat absorption) 13 is
After passing through the pipe line 40 to the four-way valve 30 and flowing through the pipe line 41 to the indoor heat exchanger 201, heat is exchanged there, and the indoor fan 203 is rotated to send cold air into the room (cooling). Through the line 42, the four-way valve 31, the cold water pump 21, and the pipe line 43, a low temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat absorption)
Return to 13.

At this time, the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat radiation) 1
The hot water radiated in 1 is supplied to the pipe line 44, the hot water pump 20,
The outdoor heat exchanger 30 through the four-way valve 30 and the conduit 45.
1 through which heat is exchanged by rotating the outdoor fan 303, and then through the pipe line 46, the four-way valve 31, the hot water supply heat exchanger 60, and the pipe line 47 to the medium temperature heat exchanger (heat radiation heat source) 11. Return. In this way, by circulating the cold and hot water, the waste heat due to the heat cycle is radiated through the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and the outdoor heat exchanger 301, or either one of the heat exchangers 60, 301, and the indoor heat exchanger 201 is used to discharge the indoor heat. Heat is absorbed from the air to perform cooling.

In particular, during this cooling operation, cooling efficiency is improved by radiating heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 rather than radiating heat only in the outdoor heat exchanger 301, and moreover, radiating heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 60. The more the water is supplied, the more the amount of hot water is supplied. Therefore, the energy is effectively used to produce the effect of two birds with one stone. This is easily achieved by controlling the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 303, and the maximum hot water supply capacity is obtained when the fan is stopped.

Next, during heating operation, the four-way valves 30, 31
Are switched as shown by the dotted line in FIG. In this case, the hot water radiated by the medium-temperature heat exchanger (heat radiation heat source) 11 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 201 through the pipe line 44, the hot water pump 20, the four-way valve 30, and the pipe line 41, where the indoor fan 203 flows. The heat is exchanged by rotating and the warm air is sent out into the room (heating), and then the pipe 42 and the four-way valve 3
1. Return to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat radiation source) 11 through the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and the pipe line 47.

At this time, the low temperature heat exchanger (heat source for absorbing heat) 1
The cold water that has absorbed heat in 3 is pipe 40, four-way valve 30, pipe 4
5 to the outdoor heat exchanger 301, where the outdoor fan 303 is rotated to perform heat exchange, and then the low temperature heat exchanger (for heat absorption) through the pipe line 46, the four-way valve 31, the chilled water pump 21, and the pipe line 43. Return to (heat source) 13. In this way, the circulation of cold and hot water absorbs heat from the outside air through the outdoor heat exchanger 301, and the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and the indoor heat exchanger 201, or either one of the heat exchangers 60, 20.
Waste heat from the heat cycle is radiated through 1 to perform heating or hot water supply, or simultaneous operation of heating and hot water supply.

According to this embodiment, at the time of hot water supply, the external water is supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 through the external water supply pipe 70, heated by the hot water passing therethrough, and supplied through the hot water supply pipe 50 and the on-off valve 51. Used for. During heating, heat is dissipated in the indoor unit 200, and the temperature of the hot water that can be used for hot water supply drops. Therefore, at the time of hot water supply, the capacity of the indoor unit 200 is limited (the heating temperature is limited) or the indoor unit is heated. It is desirable to stop the heating operation.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Most configurations are the same as in Figure 1, so
The same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. 2 differs from the device 101 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the mounting position of the heat exchanger 60 for hot water supply is set to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat source for heat dissipation) 11
It is located at the point on the outward route 44 side instead of the backward route 47 side.
Even with this configuration, in addition to the individual operations of cooling and heating as in the embodiment 101 shown in FIG. 1, hot water can be supplied. However, in the case of the cooling and heating apparatus 102 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, it is difficult to use both the heating operation and the hot water supply operation together, and it is desirable to stop the heating operation during hot water supply.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Most of the configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, and therefore, those having the same configurations as those in FIG.

The cooling and heating device 103 of the embodiment of FIG. 3 differs from the device 101 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that a hot water storage tank 81 is provided between the external water supply pipe 70 and the hot water supply pipe 50.
1 and the external water supply pipe 70 include a circulation pump 83 and a pipe line 86.
The hot water storage tank 81 and the hot water supply pipe 50 are connected by the pipe line 87 and the two-way valve 85, and a so-called circulation circuit is provided in parallel.

With this structure, the water externally supplied through the external water supply pipe 70 is guided to the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and heated by the hot water, and then the two-way valve 85 is opened. It is stored in the hot water storage tank 81 through the path 87. If necessary, the switching valve 84 and the two-way valve 85 are operated to circulate the hot water between the hot water supply heat exchanger 60 and the hot water storage tank 81 by using the circulation pump 83. The temperature of hot water can be raised. Therefore, according to this embodiment, not only the heating or hot water supply operation but also the effective cooling and heating operation commensurate with the hot water supply load can be performed.

The energy saving effect in each of the above embodiments is, for example, that the heat (work) input to drive the hot gas engine 1 is 1, and the coefficient of performance (COP) during cooling is 0.
If the number is 7, the heat available for hot water supply is 1.7. Therefore, when the case of cooling and the case of supplying hot water are added, the heat that can be used becomes 2.4, and very effective heat utilization can be achieved compared to the case of performing only cooling. Considering the efficiency 0.8 of the combustor in the case of the heat-driven heat pump, the heat that can be effectively used is 2.2, which is very energy-saving in this case as well.

Further, when hot water is supplied according to each of the above embodiments, the efficiency of the hot gas engine 1 can be improved as an additional effect.

That is, in the heat pump, the efficiency can be improved by decreasing the temperature ratio (Tm / Tc) of the temperature (Tm) of the heat source that releases the heat to the temperature (Tc) of the heat source that pumps the heat. In the case of the embodiment, the temperature of hot water, which is a heat source for releasing heat, is cooled with water (for example, the standard temperature of tap water during cooling is about 27 ° C.), so that an air heat source (for example, air during cooling) is used. (Standard temperature is about 35 ℃)
The efficiency of the hot gas engine 1 can be improved.

Each pump and each four-way valve in each of the above-mentioned embodiments is equipped with an actuator (not shown) for operating the valve or the like.
A control device (not shown) such as a microcomputer for controlling these actuators as described above according to each operation mode is mounted.

Therefore, the hot water pump 20, the cold water pump 21, the circulation pump 83, and the pipelines 40-47.
The hot water supply pipe 50, a control device and an actuator (not shown), the four-way valves 30 and 31, the open / close valve 51, the switching valve 84, the two-way valve 85, and the hot water storage tank 81 constitute control means.

Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

For example, in the above embodiment, the hot gas engine 1
Although the one using the Stirling cycle heat pump is shown as, the hot gas engine 1 may be any one as long as it has a heat radiation heat source capable of generating hot water and an endothermic heat source capable of generating cold water. Alternatively, an absorption heat pump or the like may be used. Further, in the above embodiment, the four-way valve and the on-off valve are used to control the path of the cold water and the hot water, but it can be realized by a combination of the on-off valve and the three-way valve.

[0038]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first aspect of the invention, the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat transfer heat source is connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger, and the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the outside. Since heating and hot water is supplied through supply water or circulating water,
In particular, the heat released to the outside air during cooling can be utilized effectively for hot water supply.

According to the second aspect of the invention, cooling, heating and hot water supply can be controlled simultaneously or individually, and the effect of expanding the range of utilization can be obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, an external water supply pipe for guiding the external supply water or circulating water is provided, and the external water supply pipe is provided with a hot water storage tank. Therefore, the heat when the heat pump is operating can be effectively stored as hot water, and the heat stored in the hot water can be used by supplying hot water at a necessary time, so effective cooling and heating operations can be performed according to the hot water supply load. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the heat pump type cooling and heating device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing still another embodiment of the heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hot Gas Engine 9 Regenerator 11 Middle Temperature Heat Exchanger (Heat Radiation Heat Source) 13 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger (Heat Absorption Heat Source) 20 Hot Water Pump 21 Cold Water Pump 30, 31 Four Way Valve 40-47 Pipeline 50 Hot Water Supply Pipe 51 Opening / Closing Valve 60 Hot water supply heat exchanger 70 External water supply pipe 81 Hot water storage tank 83 Circulation pump 84 Switching valve 85 Two-way valve 86 Pipeline 101-103 Air conditioner 200 Indoor unit 201 Indoor heat exchanger 203 Indoor fan 300 Outdoor unit 301 Outdoor heat exchange Device 303 outdoor fan

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A heat gas engine that operates by heat or power from the outside, and a heat source for absorbing heat of the heat gas engine, a heat source for radiating heat of the hot gas engine, and an outdoor heat exchanger provided in an outdoor unit. In a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus in which an indoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor unit is connected by a heat transfer circuit, a hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat radiation heat source, and the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected. A heat pump type air conditioner that heats and supplies hot water through externally supplied water or circulating water. 2. A hot gas engine operated by heat or power from the outside, the heat source for absorbing heat of the hot gas engine, the heat source for radiating heat of the hot gas engine, and the outdoor heat exchanger provided in the outdoor unit. In a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus in which an indoor heat exchanger provided in the indoor unit is connected by a heat transfer circuit, a hot water supply heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer circuit connected to the heat radiation heat source, and the hot water supply heat exchanger is connected. A heat pump type cooling and heating device, characterized in that a heating and hot water supply is provided through externally supplied water or circulating water, and a control means for controlling cooling, heating and hot water supply simultaneously or individually is provided. 3. The heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an external water supply pipe for guiding externally supplied water or circulating water, and the external water supply pipe is provided with a hot water storage tank. .