JPH11200241A - Shrink-proofing processing of structure containing cellulosic fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To impart an excellent durable shrink-proofing property to the subject structure such as a raw material for clothing without applying a special resin processing treatment by treating a cellulosic fiber-containing structure with liquid ammonia and subsequently treating the structure with an acid. SOLUTION: A cellulosic fiber-containing structure is treated with liquid ammonia, and subsequently treated with an acid (preferably with a 0.1-1.0 wt.% mineral aqueous solution or a 0.1-2.0 wt.% organic acid aqueous solution at 30-98 deg.C) in a tense state or in a non-tense state. The obtained fabric is not treated with a resin such as formalin and does thereby not contain the formalin.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure, and more particularly, to a method for providing a durable and excellent shrink-proof property without a special resin processing. The present invention relates to a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure that can be given to the structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cellulose fiber-containing structures have been widely used in clothing materials and the like because of their good hygroscopicity and texture and ease of processing.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned cellulosic fiber-containing structure has problems such as shrinkage due to washing and texture hardening due to repeated washing.

In this case, two phenomena are mainly involved in the cause of washing shrinkage. One such phenomenon is deformation due to various forces applied to the woven or knitted fabric during weaving and processing of the woven or knitted fabric. That is, when the woven or knitted fabric is rubbed in a free state where no force is applied during washing, shrinkage occurs to return to the original stable state.

As means for preventing such shrinkage,
There is a mechanical method represented by sanforizing. This method uses a rubber belt-type or felt blanket-type sanforizing machine to physically compress and shrink the fabric continuously, thereby alleviating the latent shrinkage of the woven or knitted fabric, thereby providing shrink resistance. .

However, in this method, there is a problem that latent shrinkage cannot be sufficiently reduced for a thick fabric or a fabric subjected to a hard finish treatment, and durable good shrinkage cannot be imparted. .

[0007] Another phenomenon is shrinkage of the woven or knitted fabric that occurs as individual fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric swell by absorbing water and the cross-sectional area increases. This shrinkage is caused by absorbing water, and even if it is dried and the cross-sectional area returns to its original state, the woven or knitted fabric cannot return to the dimension before shrinkage by itself and shrinkage remains.

As a means for preventing the above shrinkage, there is a resin processing method using a cellulose-reactive resin or the like. This resin processing method is a method of forming a chemical cross-linking between cellulose molecules of fibers to suppress swelling and impart shrinkage resistance.

However, according to the above-mentioned resin processing method, although a certain degree of shrinkage resistance can be obtained, the strength of the dough decreases with an increase in the amount of the resin added. For example, there is a problem that formalin remains.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a durable and excellent shrink resistance without using a cellulosic fiber without using a resin processing agent such as a cellulose-reactive resin. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure that can be applied to the structure.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems and Embodiments of the Invention The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, obtained by subjecting a cellulosic fiber-containing structure to liquid ammonia treatment. It has been found that by further treating the cellulose-based fiber-containing structure having a III crystal structure with an acid, a durable and excellent shrink-proof cellulose-based fiber-containing structure can be obtained.

That is, when liquid ammonia treatment is applied to cellulose fibers, the fibers swell, and at the same time, the cellulose I or cellulose II crystal structure transfers to the cellulose III crystal structure, and the swollen structure can be maintained even after liquid ammonia is removed. It is also known that the degree of crystallinity is reduced, and that shrink resistance is high when resin processing is performed on such dough, and that the degree of decrease in dough strength is reduced.
The present inventors have thus treated the cellulose I or cellulose II crystal structure with liquid ammonia to cause the cellulose I or cellulose II crystal structure to be sufficiently swollen to be transferred to the cellulose III crystal structure, and then further to the cellulose-based fiber having the cellulose III crystal structure. Acid-treating the containing structure in a strained or non-strained state, preferably at a concentration of 0.1 to 1.0
% (Wt%, the same applies hereinafter) of a mineral acid aqueous solution or 0.1 to 2.
By performing the acid treatment at 30 to 98 ° C. using a 0% organic acid aqueous solution, a remarkable shrinkage-preventing effect is exhibited without reducing the strength of the dough without performing special resin processing using a cellulose-reactive resin or the like. Less shrinkage due to washing, very little texture hardening due to repeated washing, and can provide excellent durable shrink resistance even when the cellulose-based fiber-containing structure is a thick fabric or a hard-finished fabric. Heading, the present invention has been completed.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure, which comprises subjecting the cellulosic fiber-containing structure to a liquid ammonia treatment and then to an acid treatment.

In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail. In the shrink-proofing method of the present invention, a cellulosic fiber-containing structure is subjected to a liquid ammonia treatment, and then an acid treatment is performed in a tensioned or non-toned state.

Here, examples of the cellulosic fiber-containing structure include structures made of natural fibers or regenerated cellulose fibers such as cotton, hemp, rayon, polynosic, cupra, and high-strength regenerated cellulose fibers (for example, Tencel). Further, composite fibers obtained by mixing synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide with these natural or regenerated cellulose fibers can also be used. In this case, the conjugate fiber preferably has a high content of cellulosic fiber, and the proportion of the cellulosic fiber in the conjugate fiber is generally desirably 50% by weight or more. Examples of the structure include a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a nonwoven fabric. Known treatments such as burning, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing and the like can be applied to these cellulosic fiber-containing structures as a pretreatment, if necessary. The structure may be dyed or printed.

The liquid ammonia treatment can be carried out, for example, by impregnating the cellulosic fiber-containing structure with liquid ammonia maintained at a temperature of -33 ° C. or less at normal pressure. As the impregnation method, a method of dipping in a liquid ammonia bath, a method of spraying or coating with liquid ammonia, and the like can be used. Generally, the liquid ammonia impregnation time is suitably from 5 to 40 seconds.

Although it is most common to use liquid ammonia, lower alkylamines such as methylamine and ethylamine may be used in some cases. The liquid ammonia-treated cellulosic fiber-containing structure removes the attached ammonia by heating.

Next, an acid treatment is performed. As the acid used for the acid treatment, a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, and an organic acid such as acetic acid, acetic anhydride, oxalic acid, tartaric acid and benzoic acid are used. Of these, organic acids, especially acetic anhydride, are preferred.

The acid concentration is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 1.0%, especially 0.1 to 0.5% aqueous solution for mineral acid, and 0.1 to 0.5% for organic acid. ~ 2.0
%, Especially 0.1 to 1.0% aqueous solution.

The acid treatment is carried out by immersing the cellulosic fiber-containing structure in an aqueous acid solution at a temperature of usually 30 to 98 ° C, preferably 30 to 60 ° C. In particular,
Any device capable of acid treatment may be used, for example, a liquid jet dyeing machine,
A drum dyeing machine or the like can be used.

The time of the acid treatment varies depending on the treatment temperature and the like, and cannot be specified unconditionally. However, it is usually 20 minutes to 4 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 2 hours.

The acid treatment is carried out under tension or without tension. Liquid dyeing machines usually according to the fabric type and application,
It is carried out with no tension using a drum dyeing machine, a paddle dyeing machine or the like, or with a slight tension using a beam dyeing machine, a zicker dyeing machine or the like while keeping the fabric smooth.

When acid treatment is carried out in a tensionless state using a liquid stream, drum, paddle dyeing machine or the like, the stress of the fiber woven structure is alleviated and the shrink resistance is improved. The effect improves the dry / wet wrinkle resistance and provides advantages such as imparting a feeling of abrasion and stiffness and a change in the surface feel.

On the other hand, when the acid treatment is performed under a slight tension using a beam-zicker dyeing machine or the like, the flatness of the fabric is maintained during the acid treatment. There is an advantage that the part is not wound and that a large amount of processing can be performed at the same time.

The acid treatment can be applied to dyed products and printed products, and can be carried out after dyeing or printing the cellulosic fiber-containing structure.

Such an acid treatment can be applied to dyed or printed cellulosic fiber-containing structures without impairing the hue and dyeing fastness. Further, since no resin processing is performed, the strength is reduced. There is an advantage that no reduction occurs.

The method of acid treatment after the above-described liquid ammonia treatment can be carried out at normal pressure, and since no resin processing agent such as formalin is used at all, no formalin remains in the dough, and It is possible to obtain a cellulose-based fiber-containing structure which has a small decrease in strength, has a small degree of shrinkage due to washing, and has very little texture hardening due to repeated washing. In addition, even when the cellulosic fiber-containing structure is a thick fabric or a fabric that has been subjected to a hard finish treatment, it is possible to impart good shrinkage resistance, and also obtain effects such as improvement in gloss and deep dyeing.

The cellulosic fiber-containing structure after the acid treatment is neutralized, dehydrated, dried and finished with a tenter.

The shrinkproof cellulose-containing fiber-containing structure of the present invention is subjected to final finishing such as tentering and texture adjustment as required.

[0030]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.

[Example 1] 100% cotton No. 40 plain fabric (warp density: 131 yarns / inch, weft density: 71 yarns / inch) was bleached by a conventional method and impregnated with liquid ammonia at -34 ° C for 10 seconds, and thereafter The liquid ammonia was removed by heating. This fabric is fixed to a beam and the acetic anhydride concentration is 1 g under tension.
In a 1 / liter (0.1% by weight) bath, an acid treatment was performed at 30 ° C. for 2 hours, followed by neutralization treatment, dehydration, drying and finishing with a tenter. This fabric is washed (JIS L-217-103)
Method), and then tumble-dried to measure the warp shrinkage and tensile strength (JIS L-1096). Table 1 shows the results.

Example 2 The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out except that the acid treatment was performed at an acetic anhydride concentration of 10 g / liter (1% by weight). The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 3 The same treatment as in Example 1 was conducted except that the acid treatment was performed at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 4 The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out except that the acid treatment was performed at 60 ° C. for 2 hours in a bath having an acetic anhydride concentration of 10 g / liter (1% by weight). The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 5 The same treatment as in Example 1 was performed except that the acid treatment was performed at 30 ° C. for 4 hours. The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 6 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the acid treatment was performed at 60 ° C. for 4 hours. The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 7 The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out except that the acid treatment was performed at 30 ° C. for 4 hours in a bath having an acetic anhydride concentration of 10 g / liter (1% by weight). The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 8 The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out except that the acid treatment was performed in a bath having an acetic anhydride concentration of 10 g / liter (1% by weight) at 60 ° C. for 4 hours. The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

[Comparative Example 1] A treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hot water treatment was performed in a bath containing no acetic anhydride at 30 ° C for 2 hours in place of the acid treatment and the neutralization treatment. The obtained fabric was measured for the warp shrinkage and the tensile strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1.

[0040]

[Table 1]

EXAMPLE 9 A 100% cotton knitted fabric of No. 40 Soto Kanoko (30 inches × 18 gauge) was bleached by a conventional method, and then subjected to a liquid ammonia impregnation treatment at −34 ° C. for 20 seconds, and then the liquid ammonia was heated. It was evaporated off. This knit,
In a bath with an acetic anhydride concentration of 1 g / L (0.1% by weight) under no tension, an acid treatment was performed at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes, followed by neutralization treatment, dehydration, drying and finishing with a tenter. After washing the obtained woven fabric (JIS L-217-103 method), it was tumble-dried and measured for warp shrinkage and burst strength (JIS L-1018 Mullen method). Table 2 shows the results.

Example 10 Acetic anhydride concentration: 10 g / L
(1% by weight), except that the treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 9. With respect to the obtained woven fabric, the warp shrinkage and bursting strength were measured in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are also shown in Table 2.

[Comparative Example 2] The same treatment as in Example 9 was carried out, except that in place of the acid treatment and the neutralization treatment, a hot water treatment was carried out at 60 ° C for 60 minutes in a bath containing no acetic anhydride. With respect to the obtained woven fabric, the warp shrinkage and bursting strength were measured in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are also shown in Table 2.

[0044]

[Table 2]

Example 11 After bleaching a 100% cotton knitted fabric of No. 40 Soto Kanoko (30 inches × 18 gauge) in a conventional manner, it was impregnated with liquid ammonia at −34 ° C. for 20 seconds, and then the liquid ammonia was heated. It was evaporated off. This knit,
The acetic anhydride concentration was 1 g / L (0.
(1% by weight) in a bath, acid treatment at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes, neutralization treatment, dehydration, drying, and finishing with a tenter. The obtained woven fabric is washed (JIS L-217-103 method) and then tumble-dried, and subjected to warp shrinkage and burst strength (JIS L).
-1018 Mullen method). Table 3 shows the results.

Example 12 Acetic anhydride concentration: 10 g / L
(1% by weight) except that the acid treatment was performed. With respect to the obtained woven fabric, the warp shrinkage and bursting strength were measured in the same manner as in Example 11. The results are also shown in Table 3.

[Comparative Example 3] The same treatment as in Example 11 was carried out, except that instead of the acid treatment and the neutralization treatment, a hot water treatment was carried out at 60 ° C for 60 minutes in a bath containing no acetic anhydride. With respect to the obtained woven fabric, the warp shrinkage and bursting strength were measured in the same manner as in Example 11. The results are also shown in Table 3.

[0048]

[Table 3]

[0049]

According to the present invention, no special resin processing is applied, so that formalin does not remain in the fabric, the strength of the fabric is not reduced, and shrinkage due to washing, texture hardening due to repeated washing. And a durable and excellent shrink-proof property having a very low level of resistance can be imparted to the cellulosic fiber-containing structure.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure, wherein the cellulosic fiber-containing structure is treated with liquid ammonia and then acid-treated. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acid is a mineral acid having a concentration of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight or an organic acid having a concentration of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the acid treatment is 30 to 98 ° C.