JPH11502000A - Aerodynamically stable roof system and ballast block - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: A protected membrane type roof paving system (10) and blocks (12) used therein. Rectangular ballast blocks (12) are laid in multiple rows. The block (12) is provided with channels for drainage under high winds and for equalizing the air pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the block (12).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION           Aerodynamically stable roof system and ballast block                                Field of the invention   The present invention generally relates to a roof paving system. Protected membrane-type houses that are aerodynamically stable, especially in abnormal wind conditions Improvements to the root system and the ballast blocks used in such systems I do.                                Background of the Invention   Recent advances in roof paver technology have been especially successful with loose sloped roofs and The consequence of the introduction of a single-layer, protected membrane roof system suitable for the jack Brought. They are usually provided by ballast systems of various types and shapes. With or using insulation that is held in place and protected from storms. Includes a single layer membrane that does not penetrate water without being used. The basic system is river sand Loose, loosely-rounded round stones, standard laying blocks, ridges and grooves Board and lightweight articulated ballast blocks. Generally, ballas Systems can withstand higher wind speeds than traditional roof building systems Therefore, in places where high winds are expected, conventional roof building systems More preferred than Research has shown that ballast systems that use connecting blocks Has been shown to perform better than unconnected blocks in high wind conditions. Was.   The connecting blocks are usually laid on the roof membrane in a continuous grid pattern, Extruded or precast concrete flat rectangles. However, even in this configuration, there is no escape of the ballast block in certain weather conditions That is not guaranteed. Strong winds such as hurricanes can damage irregular, weak areas of the roof As you pass, the sky crosses the block and tries to move the block away Aerodynamic pressure is induced. Simply make the ballast blocks heavier and support the roof Instead of being more powerful, various designs have been considered to counter this pull-off force. However, the ends are connected to each other like the lightweight ballast block described above. Here is an example. However, despite these design efforts, ballast The net upward aerodynamic force acting on the block is a missile flying over the block Floating in the air, as well as endangering the underlying roof membrane and structure , Also endangering the neighbors and other buildings.   U.S. Pat.No. 5,377,468 describes an aerodynamically stable Improvements to ballast blocks and roof systems are disclosed. These features include Includes secure interlocking of blocks and complete protection of roof membrane from UV light . This block and system covers a large geographical area, subject to a wide range of weather conditions. Suitable for use in the area.   There may be usage conditions or applications where not all of the features of the patented block are required. You.   For example, in areas where there is less interest in UV light on roof membranes, A block with holes without a labyrinth fluid passage across the You may. In other situations where a non-continuous connection is sufficient, the blocks will float It could have other end structures engaged to resist climbing . The present invention provides a block and a roof system to meet such conditions. You.                                Purpose of the invention   With the above in mind, lift from place in abnormal wind conditions. Roof paver system designed and installed to resist It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and a ballast block. Another one The purpose of this is to reduce the aerodynamically induced pressure reduction at the top of the block. The air between the top and bottom of the block. Roof roses suitable for use with adjacent blocks of similar construction To provide a strike block.   Yet another object is to equalize the air pressure above and below the installed block. Ballast bus forming a channel so as to allow the passage of fluid Is to provide a lock.   A further object of the present invention is to provide aerodynamics caused by abnormal wind conditions. Damage due to excessive lifting and freezing or thawing cycles To provide a roof structure with a unique array of ballast blocks to resist Is Rukoto.   Further objectives are to be lightweight, resistant to damage during handling and manufactured at low cost Pre-fabricated ballast block Is to provide a lock.                                Summary of the Invention   Briefly, these and other objects of the present invention are directed to zigzag arrangements on roof membranes. Achieved by a new preferred ballast block placed in a row. Each block is Overall, it is formed from a parallel, flat top, bottom, and peripheral edge. Some In one embodiment, the end faces of both ends are formed by the corresponding protrusions of the end faces of adjacent blocks. Has a groove that is complementary to the protruding ridge in order to connect the groove with the groove . In other embodiments, the end faces are meshed with each other to be operatively connected. It is piled up with an inclination as much as possible. In yet another embodiment, adjacent blocks are Have end faces that meet at a right angle or are spaced slightly apart , Thereby locking each other in place.   In a preferred embodiment, the remaining paired end faces are perpendicular to the top and bottom faces of the block. It is flat. The other end faces are in the longitudinal groove, and It has upper and lower recesses open to the groove from the bottom. With the top of the block In the plane perpendicular to the bottom, the recess on one side of the groove is in the flat end face of the adjacent block When in contact, form a series of labyrinth channels between the top and bottom of the block. So that it is offset from the other recess. In yet another embodiment, the Channels can be run across selected edge surfaces or each block Formed in the body.   In one embodiment, the legs are formed to create a space between the bottom of the block and the roof membrane. A rib protrudes from the bottom side of the block in order to provide. The channel is Gutters, downspouts, or the like that communicate with the space below the Can be drained to similar outflow means. This channel is located on the top and bottom of the block While equalizing any air differential pressure created by aerodynamic forces across the surface, At the same time, drain water.                             BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES   For a better understanding of these and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention, See the detailed description below in conjunction with the drawings.   FIG. 1 shows a roof pavers system with a ballast block according to the invention. It is the figure which looked at the building used from the sky.   FIG. 2 shows a ballast block in one part of the roof pay bar system of FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of one embodiment of FIG.   FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the roof pay bar system along line 3-3 in FIG.   FIG. 4 is another embodiment of a roof pay bar system along line 4-4 in FIG. It is an elevational view of a state.   FIG. 5 is an elevation view of the roof pay bar system along line 5-5 in FIG.   FIG. 6 is a bottom perspective view of one embodiment of a ballast block.   FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of another embodiment of a ballast block.   FIG. 8 is a perspective view from below of the second embodiment of the ballast block.   FIG. 9 is a top perspective view of the third embodiment of the ballast block.   FIG. 10 shows the end of the ballast block with the angled channels of FIG. FIG.   FIG. 11 is a top perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the ballast block.   FIG. 12 shows the ballast block with the right-angled channels of FIG. FIG.   13 and 14 are perspective views of another preferred embodiment.   15 and 16 are perspective views of yet another preferred embodiment.   17 to 20 are plan views showing layout patterns of different blocks.                            Description of the preferred embodiment   Referring to the figures, FIG. 1 shows the protection of a membrane of the present invention mounted on the roof of a high rise building. 1 shows a roof system 10 to be installed. Such buildings are traditional roof ballasts They tend to be significantly exposed to high-speed winds that are easy to lift the block. The present invention The tendency of conventional blocks to be aerodynamically unstable in high-speed wind conditions is Overcome by providing unique means of equalizing air pressure across the .   As best shown in FIG. 2, the roof ballast system 10 is preferably Are arranged along the blocks of adjacent rows so that the end faces are staggered line by line. Adjacent rows consist of ballast blocks 12 facing in the same direction. For example, Spaces that are not enough with a block of regular size, such as the railing P on the roof The ends of the rows are adjusted by narrow blocks 12a. Already installed Damaged blocks in some structures have complementary half halves as shown. Can be replaced by blocks 12b and 12c of size, which will be explained later. I do.   Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, a conventional multi-component roof system , An impermeable membrane M such as a single-layer PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet, and a heat insulating material I Or a waterproof layer W. Other conventional multi-component loops System depends on design requirements, for example, conditions of use and building codes. It is envisaged that the roof ballast system of the present invention is used together.   Referring generally to FIGS. 6-12, each ballast block 12 is illustrated In the case of the preferred embodiment, the overall shape is rectangular. Block 12 is flat The upper surface 16 and the lower surface 18, both end surfaces 20 and 22 in the width direction, and both end surfaces 2 in the longitudinal direction 4 and 26 are made of concrete.   In each embodiment of block 12, at least two of the end faces are adjacent in some manner. Interact with mating blocks. For example, FIG. Widthwise end faces corresponding to tapered ridges 30 of width and depth extending along the entire length of the FIG. 2 illustrates a block 12 having a tapered groove 28 formed along the entire length of 20. ing. The blocks 12 of FIG. 7 in adjacent rows are terminated by their complementary ridges and grooves. The surfaces 20 and 22 are interlocked. Blocks in adjacent rows Because of the staggered relationship, the end faces 20 or 22 of the block 12 Partial overlap with the end faces 20 or 22 of the two blocks 12 in the adjacent row Make sure that. In this way, the installed block 12 is normally lifted. Act on each other to resist the force of   Another embodiment of a block 12 with end face interaction is shown in FIGS. Have been. The end faces 20 and 22 in the width direction are substantially vertical, and the adjacent blocks are By contacting the end face in the width direction, it is maintained at a predetermined position. For block thickness In some cases, the blocks may be slightly separated along its edge, and This may occur when the block swings upward. In addition, Cleat adhesive is applied between the end faces to make the block connection permanent. May be painted. See FIG.   Another embodiment of a block 12 with end face interaction is shown in FIGS. Is shown. In this embodiment, the widthwise end faces 20 and 22 are inclined. So that the end faces that are adjacent to each other in the width direction overlap each other, The shape can provide an operative engagement. But other weights Shape can be utilized to provide the desired partial interlock . See FIGS.   In each embodiment of block 12, the aerodynamic force caused by wind conditions Equalize the air pressure above and below the installed block to resist mechanical lifting forces. An air and water channel is provided having means for combing.   For example, FIGS. 3, 8, 9 and 13 to 16 also illustrate the desired air and water channels. Shown is a block 12 having one form of brewing means. Block end face 2 4 and 26 are generally flat, perpendicular to the top and bottom surfaces 16 and 18 and extend longitudinally. The extending surface 24 includes a groove 32 extending the entire length in the longitudinal direction. Upper and lower concave The locations 34a and 34b are each longitudinally spaced at the end face 24 of the block. Has been obtained. The recesses 34a and 34b are respectively formed in the groove 32 and the upper surface of the block 12. It extends completely between 16 and the bottom surface 18. On a surface perpendicular to the top surface 16 and the bottom surface 18 The upper recess 34a preferably has a lower recess by half the distance between adjacent recesses. Out of place 34b. Thus, as shown in FIG. When the surfaces 24 and 26 come into contact, the labyrinth channel crosses the end surface 24 It is formed. The number, size, shape and location of the recesses 34a and 34b can be varied as desired. Can be changed.   Other than block 12 with different means for providing air and water channels Are shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 10 to 12. FIG. In these embodiments , Channels 50 are provided across the thickness of the block. Channel FIG. 10 shows that 50 extends perpendicularly to the top and bottom surfaces as shown in FIG. As described above, the upper surface and the lower surface may be at an angle. They are blocks Through the body, i.e., penetrating or within its May be located at the edge. Even if the channel 50 has a circular cross section, , Squares, or other shapes. It is circular and the block body is true When extending straight across, the channel 50 has circular top and bottom surfaces of the block. Form an opening. The channel is circular and extends at an angle across the block If they do, they form elliptical openings in the top and bottom of the block.   The sloping channel will not allow UV radiation unless the sun's angle is extremely low. Provides the advantage of protecting the membrane from radiation. But for such an angle, the UV Emits little radiation anyway. Channels that are opened straight up If the cross section is made sufficiently small compared to the thickness, it can be used Can provide protection. In such a case, the direct Only sunlight illuminating from above will hit the roof membrane. Number and size of channels , And the shape of the opening may be varied to serve these purposes.   The blocks shown and described above are block interface means and blocks. Any combination of clock channel means can be used. But oh The loose block shape includes leg means for defining a space below the block.   Parallel spacing is used to separate the bottom surface 18 of the block 12 from the underlying support surface. The ribs or legs 36 extend from the end face 26 toward the end face 24 Extends a little less than the distance between. As a result, the rib 36 is A space communicating with each other between the bottom surface 18 of each block 12 and the roof membrane M for the lock 12; A series of legs forming a space C under each block for draining sub-blocks. It is done. The ribs 36 are continuous in the illustrated embodiment, but There's no reason you have to. In addition, the ability to flow fluid at the desired spacing If is maintained, other shapes of ribs can be utilized.   The recesses 34a and 34b, the space C between the groove 32 and the lower side of the block 12 and the film M The drainage and airflow of the channel formed across the end face 24 by the combination Is best illustrated by the arrow A in FIG. Top and bottom of block To minimize aerodynamically induced pressure differences between the surfaces, block 12 Provides a continuous flow of air in space C underneath, while adjoining on membrane M And the flat end surface 26 of one of the blocks 12 are adjacent to each other. By contacting the grooved end surface 24 of the block, water is The water is drained through the space C above the membrane M. Or the book of each block as described above A channel 50 formed straight in the body allows a space between the top surface of the block and the space. Continuous air circulation is achieved. Thus, it does not matter which design was used. 1, when mounted in the manner illustrated in FIG. Provides an aerodynamically stable roof paybar system.   In the present invention, a damaged block can be easily replaced. For this Blocks damaged after being put in place can cause loss of system integrity Without, easily removed and replaced with partial replacement blocks 12b and 12c You. 2 and 5, each alternative block 12b and 12c is best seen. Is longer than half the distance between the end faces 20 and 22 of the regular sized block 12 Slightly shorter in the direction. Complementary end faces 38 and 40 of blocks 12b and 12c Operatively coupled to end faces 22 and 20 of blocks 12 in adjacent rows. Inclination This is true whether inclined ridges and grooves or flat end faces are used or not. No. The sloped end faces 42 and 44 opposite the end faces 38 and 40 are Adhesive 4 is used to provide clearance between each other during installation and to provide a secure holding force. At the time of installation, a lateral groove is formed in the end face so as to receive the groove 6. The end face is It need not be beveled to receive the adhesive 46 as shown. Parallel enough to provide clearance for mounting and to accept adhesive Any other shape may be used.   For illustration, but not limitation, the preferred block 12 is shown in plan view It is a rectangle, about 18 inches long, about 12 inches wide, and about the entire thickness including ribs and legs 1 and 1/4 inch. The ribs are approximately 1/4 inch high. In one embodiment Has one 7 and 1/2 inch central rib and two 1 inch side ribs. B The recess forming the groove in the locking lip extends about 3/8 inch inward and about 1-2 inches. Can be as long as one inch. The recesses in the upper and lower edges are, for example, about 1 to 3 inches. Thus, they can be arranged at various distances. Preferably, the edge of the block is a To prevent scratching, it is beveled as shown. Explained so far As you can see, the channels formed in the block body can be of various sizes and shapes. You. The illustrated block 12 is a conventional roof ballast block concrete structure. It was made following the construction. Preferably, the weight ranges from 10 to 25 pounds and the density is 150 pounds per cubic foot.   The preferred block of the illustrated embodiment is the specific dimensions described above, and other features However, some modifications are possible. For example, Labyrinth Channel Unless all the advantages of the module are required, the edge recess May extend from the top surface to the bottom surface. Desired aerodynamic stability End face channel and sub-block spacing for the desired operative connection to maintain The shape of the floor plan from rectangular to square, or the Can be changed to other shapes.   From wind tunnel tests, the height of the ribs on the ballast block is Therefore, it has been found that the performance of the ballast block system is greatly affected. As such, in a preferred embodiment, ribs 36 should be about 1/4 inch tall It is. Ballast block system to provide desired aerodynamic stability At this height, water should be sufficient to equalize the air pressure across the top and bottom of the Can be drained. Lower drainage under the block is sufficient, In low water areas, the rib height may be significantly lower than 1/4 inch and Blocks without blocks can also be used.   If the wind conditions are not expected to be too harsh, further block structure Changes are possible. Not shown but considered changes include leg and channel Some blocks have stepless connection means. Similarly, only the leg means, or Blocks having only channel means are also conceivable. In addition, only connecting and leg means , Only connection and channel means, only legs and channel means is there.   The blocks have a suitable arrangement pattern. For example, FIG. As shown, a highly desired staggered arrangement pattern as illustrated in FIG. Is represented. FIG. 18 shows that the expected wind condition is the staggered pattern of FIG. So-called alignment patterns used where less demanding Indicates a turn. 19 and 20 assume that the arrangement pattern of FIG. 17 is desirable. Other staggered patterns that are more suitable for harsher wind conditions than Is shown. In these figures, the letter E indicates the position of the flat edge of the block and the letter T indicates The position of the ridge on the block with the ridge and groove to be engaged is shown. all In the arrangement pattern, the periphery, that is, the railing wall, has flashing I found that it had the advantage of stability. Also, under certain conditions It is desirable to fix the corner blocks with appropriate fasteners.   It will now be apparent that there are many advantages of the present invention. For example, ballast bro The aerodynamically stable roof is particularly suitable for use in extreme wind conditions Work together to provide a system. This thing lifts the block Ballast in rows to accommodate a sudden decrease in air pressure on the block that tends to By placing blocks and allowing air and water to flow between and through the blocks Is fulfilled. This ballast block is subject to strong wind conditions across the block. Uny which substantially reduces the effects of aerodynamic lifting forces caused by The result is a cool roof structure. The blocks are lightweight and can be manufactured at low cost, Even if damaged, removal is relatively easy.   Of course, within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims, The details and materials described and illustrated herein to explain the invention It is not surprising that various changes may be made in materials and parts processing and placement. Will be understood.

Claims (1)

[Claims]   1. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protecting membrane-type roofs A stem (10), said system (10) being laid on said roof in the width direction. It consists of a plurality of blocks (12) placed together, each said block (12) A top surface (16), a bottom surface (18), and the bottom surface (18) spaced apart from the roof; A body with leg means (36) for forming a chamber with the root; Each block (12) flows through the block (12) into the chamber on the roof. Aerodynamically induced across the block while allowing body discharge Fluid communication between the upper surface (16) and the chamber so as to equalize the pressure difference The ballast system (10) A roof ballast system (10) that is aerodynamically stable against wind.   2. The channel means is selected between the blocks (12) bordering in the width direction. An aerodynamically stable roof bar according to claim 1, wherein the roof bar is provided in a position (24, 26). Last system (10).   3. The channel means is provided for the adjacent block (12) at the selected position. Means for forming a plurality of labyrinth side channels between them (32, 34a, 34b) The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10) of claim 2, comprising:   4. The channel means (50) selects each block (12) in the main body. 2. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast of claim 1, wherein the roof ballast is provided in a selected position. System (10).   5. The channel means (50) is between the top surface (16) and the bottom surface (18); Extending at an angle to a right angle from an opening formed in the bottom surface (18). 5. The aerodynamically stable loop of claim 4, wherein an opening is provided in said upper surface (16). Flavorast system (10).   6. The channel means (50) is provided on the top (16) and bottom (18) of the block. Aerodynamically extending between said blocks. Stable roof ballast system (10).   7. The channel means (50) comprises a plurality of said channels. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10).   8. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protection of membrane-type roofs A system (10), wherein the system (10) is spread across the roof in the width direction. And a plurality of blocks (12) placed on top of each other. A surface (16), a bottom surface (18), and the bottom surface (18) spaced apart from the roof; Each having a body with leg means (36) for forming a chamber there between. (12) Complementary means for operatively engaging adjacent blocks. Each block (12) has a selected end face (20, 22). Allowing the chamber on the roof to drain fluid through the block (12); Equalize any aerodynamically induced pressure differential across the block Channel means for providing fluid communication between the upper surface (16) and the chamber Thus, the ballast system (10) is aerodynamically resistant to abnormal winds Robust ballast system (10) that is stable.   9. Said complementary means operatively attached to a similar surface on an adjacent block (12). The opposite side edges of the block (12) are flattened to engage. 9. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast according to claim 8, comprising a running end face (20, 22). System (10).   Ten. 10. The air of claim 9, wherein said parallel end faces are inclined with respect to one of said end faces. Mechanically stable roof ballast system (10).   11． One of the end faces (20) intersects the upper surface (16) at an acute angle and the other parallel The air of claim 10, wherein an end face (22) intersects the bottom surface (18) at the same acute angle. Mechanically stable roof ballast system (10).   12． The complementary end faces are also engaged by a ridge (30) and a groove (28) that mesh with each other. 9. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10) of claim 8, wherein ).   13. Said channel means being mounted on at least one selected said end face (24) An aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10) according to claim 8, wherein .   14. The channel means (50) is provided on the block body. Clause 8. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system of Clause 8.   15． Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protection of membrane-type roofs A system (10), wherein the system (10) is spread across the roof in the width direction. And a plurality of blocks (12) placed on top of each other. A surface (16), a bottom surface (18), and the bottom surface (18) spaced apart from the roof; Each having a body with leg means (36) for forming a chamber there between. (12) Complementary means for operatively engaging adjacent blocks. Each block (12) has a selected end face (20, 22). Allowing the chamber on the roof to drain fluid through the block (12); Equalize any aerodynamically induced pressure differential across the block Channel means for providing fluid communication between the upper surface (16) and the chamber as described above. In the lock (12), thus the ballast system (10) A roof ballast system (10) that is aerodynamically stable against wind.   16． The means for operatively engaging the adjacent blocks are adjacent in the width direction. Consisting of a ridge (30) engaged in a complementary groove (28) on the block (12). An aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10) according to claim 15.   17． The end surface (20, 22) extends at right angles to the top surface (16). 15 aerodynamically stable roof ballast systems (10).   18． The aerodynamically stable surface of claim 15, wherein said surface (20, 22) is a ramp. Roof ballast system (10).   19. To form an aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10). Assembled together with such a block (12), said block (1) 2) supports said bottom surface on the top surface (16), the bottom surface (18) and the roof structure below it Having a body with leg means (36) for mounting said block (12). A peripheral end surface (20, 22, 24, 2) extending between the surface (16) and the bottom surface (18); 6), and at least one of said selected peripheral end faces (20, 22, 24, 26) at the selected end (24) the block (12) At least one for providing a fluid passage between the top surface (16) and said bottom surface (18); Two channels are formed, thus blocks (12) are widthwise on top of the roof When placed in contact, the channel on the end face (24) of the block Lift the block by equalizing the air pressure on both sides of the block (12). Ballast bombs intended to absorb the aerodynamically induced pressures Lock (12).   20. To form an aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10). Assembled together with such a block (12), said block (1) 2) supports said bottom surface on the top surface (16), the bottom surface (18) and the roof structure below it Having a body with leg means (36) for mounting said block (12). A peripheral end surface (20, 22, 24, 2) extending between the surface (16) and the bottom surface (18); 6), and at least one of said selected peripheral end faces (20, 22, 24, 26) at the selected end (24) the block (12) At least one for providing a fluid passage between the top surface (16) and said bottom surface (18); And another selected peripheral end face of said block (12) is formed. (20, 22) overlaps the adjacent block (12) of the same configuration in the width direction. Having complementary means, so that the blocks (12) abut against the roof in the width direction When placed, the channel on the end face (24) of the block is 2) Attempt to lift the block by equalizing the air pressure on both sides Ballast block adapted to absorb aerodynamically induced pressure (12).   twenty one. To form an aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10). Assembled together with such a block (12), said block (1) 2) supports said bottom surface on the top surface (16), the bottom surface (18) and the roof structure below it A main body having leg means (36) for mounting the block (1). 2) to provide a fluid passage between the top surface (16) and the bottom surface (18); At least one channel (50) is formed, thus the block (12) The channel (50 ) Equalizes the air pressure on both sides of the block (12), Absorbs aerodynamically induced pressures that attempt to lift , Ballast block (12).   twenty two. The at least one channel (50) includes the top surface (16) and the bottom surface An opening is formed in (18), and the opening on the top surface is displaced in a direction perpendicular to the opening on the bottom surface 22. The bus of claim 21 wherein said channel (50) connects said openings. Last block (12).   twenty three. The channel (50) extends across the thickness of the block (12). 22. The ballast of claim 21, wherein the top opening and the bottom opening are arranged at right angles. Block (12).   twenty four. The channel (50) passes through the block (12) and 22. The ballast of claim 21, wherein the ballast extends obliquely to the opening and is offset from the opening in the bottom surface. Block (12).   twenty five. To form an aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10). Assembled together with such a block (12), said block (1) 2) supports said bottom surface on the top surface (16), the bottom surface (18) and the roof structure below it Having a body with leg means (36) for mounting said block (12). A peripheral end surface (20, 22, 24, 2) extending between the surface (16) and the bottom surface (18); 6) and at least one of the peripheral end faces (20, 22, 24, 26). The selected end faces (20, 22) are adjacent to blocks (12) of similar construction and Having complementary means overlapping in the direction, so that the block (12) is widthwise on the roof When placed against each other, the channel (50) is positioned on both sides of the block (12). Pneumatic force trying to lift the block by equalizing the air pressure on the side Ballast block (10) adapted to absorb chemically induced pressure   26. The at least one channel (50) includes the top surface (16) and the bottom surface An opening is formed in (18), and the opening on the top surface is shifted in a direction perpendicular to the opening on the bottom surface. The ballast block (12) of claim 25.   27. To form an aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10). Assembled together with such a block (12), said block (1) 2) supports said bottom surface on the top surface (16), the bottom surface (18) and the roof structure below it Having a body with leg means (36) for mounting said block (12) on said top surface A peripheral end surface (20, 22, 24, 26) extending between (16) and the bottom surface (18); ) And at least one selection of said peripheral end faces (20, 22, 24, 26) The end faces (20, 22) that are formed are adjacent to blocks (12) of the same structure in the width direction. With complementary means to lock into place, so that the block (12) is When placed side by side, the channel (50) is By trying to lift the block by equalizing the air pressure on both sides of Ballast block (1) adapted to absorb aerodynamically induced pressure 2).   28. The at least one channel (50) includes the top surface (16) and the bottom surface An opening is formed in (18), and the opening on the top surface is shifted in a direction perpendicular to the opening on the bottom surface. 28. The ballast block (12) of claim 27.   29. Said at least one channel (50) is an end face of said block (50) 28. The ballast block (12) of claim 27, wherein the ballast block (12) defines a recess.   30. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protecting membrane-type roofs A stem (10), said system (10) being laid laterally on said roof; A plurality of compacted blocks (12), each said block (12) having a top surface (16) and a bottom surface (18), and each block (12) has an adjacent block (1). Selected end faces (20,2) with complementary means for locking A roof ballast system (10) having 2).   31. The complementary locking means is provided on one end face (22) of the block (12). A ridge (30) extending along the ridge (30) and the block (12) on the opposite side of the ridge (30). 31. The aerodynamically safe of claim 30, including a groove (28) extending along the other end face of Constant roof ballast system (10).   32. Each said block (12) is aerodynamically induced across said block (12). The flow between the top (16) and the bottom (18) to equalize the pressure generated 32. The aerodynamically stable loop of claim 31, comprising channel means for providing a body passage. -Ballast system (10).   33. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protection of membrane-type roofs The system (10), wherein the system (10) is spread across the roof in a width direction. A plurality of blocks (12), each block (12) having an upper surface ( 16) having a body with a bottom surface (18), wherein each block (12) is In order to equalize the aerodynamically induced pressure across (12) 6) and channel means for providing a fluid passage between said bottom surface (18) -Ballast system (10).   34. The channel means is selected between blocks (12) which border in the width direction. 34. The aerodynamically stable roof rose according to claim 33, wherein the roof rose is provided in an inclined position (24). Strike system (10).   35. Said channel means being adjacent to each other at said selected position (24) Means for forming a plurality of labyrinth side channels arranged between blocks ( 35. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast of claim 34, comprising: System (10).   36. The channel means (50) has at least one opening in the upper surface (16). And said body having at least one opening in said bottom surface (18). An aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10) according to claim 33.   37. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protection of membrane-type roofs The system (10), wherein the system (10) is laid on the roof in the width direction. A plurality of packed blocks (12), each block (12) having an upper surface (16) a main body having a bottom surface (18), wherein each of the blocks is connected to the roof. Leg means (36) for forming a chamber therebetween and separating said bottom surface (18) from said roof; A roof ballast system (10).   38. Said leg means (36) are smaller than the entire width of said block (12) and are parallel The aerodynamically stable of claim 37, including a plurality of spaced ribs (36). Roof ballast system (10).   39. Each block (12) locks adjacent blocks (12) with each other. 4 having a selected end face (20, 22) with complementary means for providing the same. 7. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10).   40. Said complementary interlocking means along one end of said block (12) Ridge (30) extending on the opposite side of the block (12) from the ridge (30). 40. The aerodynamically stable roof of claim 39, comprising a groove (28) extending along the edge. Ballast system (10).   41. Aerodynamically stable roof ballast for protection of membrane-type roofs System (10), said system (10) comprising a plurality of blocks (12). Each block (12) is mutually locked with the adjacent block (12). End faces (20, 22) with complementary means for mounting the roof. Enclosing a handrail wall, wherein the block (12) is spread across the roof in the width direction. The roof ballast system (10).   42. 42. The aerodynamic force of claim 41, wherein said width spreading is of the configuration shown in FIG. A chemically stable roof ballast system (10).   43. Said block (12) is the complementary hand of two adjacent blocks (12). The both ends (20, 22) of the block (12) are not aligned in the width direction. 43. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10) of claim 41, wherein the roof ballast system is configured.   44. 18. The staggered widthwise spread is of the configuration shown in FIG. 3. An aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (10).   45. The opposite end faces (20, 22) closest to the handrail wall are parallel to the wall. 44. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (1) of claim 43, which is arranged. 0).   46. 46. The aerodynamic force of claim 45, wherein said width spreading is of the configuration shown in FIG. A chemically stable roof ballast system (10).   47. The opposite end faces (20, 22) closest to the handrail wall are perpendicular to the wall. 44. The aerodynamically stable roof ballast system (1) of claim 43, which is arranged. 0).   48. 48. The aerodynamic force of claim 47, wherein said width spreading is of the configuration shown in FIG. A chemically stable roof ballast system (10).