JPS6184210A - 合成材料の製造方法及び合成材料 - Google Patents

合成材料の製造方法及び合成材料

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Publication number
JPS6184210A
JPS6184210A JP60211186A JP21118685A JPS6184210A JP S6184210 A JPS6184210 A JP S6184210A JP 60211186 A JP60211186 A JP 60211186A JP 21118685 A JP21118685 A JP 21118685A JP S6184210 A JPS6184210 A JP S6184210A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fibers
matrix
synthetic material
electrostatic field
electrodes
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Pending
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JP60211186A
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English (en)
Inventor
ミシエール・ベルジエ
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of JPS6184210A publication Critical patent/JPS6184210A/ja
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/12—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of short length, e.g. in the form of a mat
    • B29C70/14—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of short length, e.g. in the form of a mat oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
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    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
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    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
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    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/248—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using pre-treated fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
    • B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
    • B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、合成材料の製造方法に関し、及び前記方法に
よって得られる中間または最終製品に関する。
合成材料とは、補強要素（主として、ガラス繊維、炭素
繊維、硼素またはポリアミド繊維などのような原繊維ま
たは繊維）、及び母材（樹脂、または金属やセラミック
スのような抵抗材料で構成された）で構成された材料で
ある。
合成材料の性質は、一般に知られるように、補強要素の
配向性と、 補強要素間の体積にわたる母材の良好な分布と、前記補
強要素と前記母材間に導入される結合材の種類とによっ
て特に左右される。
ゆえに、上記の諸因子が、目指す目的の関数として製品
の性質を最適なものとなるような方法で作用される技術
を提供することが有用であり、それこそ本発明の目的で
ある。
これを実現するためには、補強要素を、極めて高い電圧
の電流によって誘起された静電界を受けさせ、次いで前
記要素を前記′畦界内でその作用を受けさせながら、既
知の技術を用いて液体母材を補強要素間に浸潤させるこ
とが知られている。
ここに、高電圧の電流に誘起された静電界とは、少くと
も、２０ｍｍ離れた２つの電極間に少くとも２０、００
０　Ｖの交流及び少くとも４０．０００　Ｖの直流に等
しい電圧を加えることによって得られる静電界に等しい
ことを意味する。用いられる補強要素及び特に繊維、原
繊維または粗紡糸が、次に極めて高い電圧の電流を受け
る電極間に配置される。
本発明によれば、補強要素として任意の種類の繊維を用
いることができるが、それらは誘電性のもの、すなわち
静電界の作用を受けるときは電気的に荷電されかつ成る
時間中は荷電状態を維持する材料で々ければならない。
例えば、このようなものはポリアミド繊維（ナイロンま
たはＫＫＶＬＡＲ形式のもの）、ガラス繊維、成る種の
金属酸化物中の繊維、合成材料（金属酸化物）中の繊維
、及び炭素繊維などである。これに反し、例えば金属繊
維または金属化表面処理された繊維のような導電性繊維
は本発明による方法に使用することは前述の材料よりも
困難である。
補強材料は電極と電極の間に配置され、次に極めて高い
′電圧の電流が前記繊維を荷電するのに十分な時間をか
けて前記′電極間に印加され、次に、静電界から取出さ
れた荷電状態の繊維が液状の、母材または母材の先駆物
質をもって浸潤される。
荷電された繊維は互いに反発し合う傾向をもつので、静
電界の出力部には繊維層が形成され、その厚さは電極間
で最初に導入されたときの繊維の厚さの２倍から３倍の
大きざをもち、繊維がこの「膨張」状態にある時が浸潤
を行なうべき時期である 現在知られておりかつ使用されている母材のうち、本発
明による方法に好】帥なものとしては、例えば樹脂（エ
ポキシまたはポリアミド樹脂、あるいは硬化炭素混合物
）またはセラミックスを形成できるシリカ基混合物、あ
るいは金属である。
液状母材（またはその先駆物質）によって繊維が浸潤さ
れたときは、それによって得られた製品は、そのままの
姿で（通常は、最初の凝固後の）で販売されるか、ある
いは母材を型成形及び固化して変形することができる。
かつ、既知のように、母材そのものを荷電させることが
できる。
本発明による方法を用いれば、補強要素（繊維）は母材
によって全体的に浸潤されることが判明した。
しかし、本発明による方法に成る特別に有効な変更をも
−たらすことができる。
もし、静電界が直流を用いて形成されれば、最初の繊維
束の膨張作用の他に、前記繊維の補足的な配向作用が起
こる。この配向作用は特別な性質をもつ合成材料を提供
させるであろう。
また、既知のように、例えば磁界のような界と同時に、
あるいはそのような界を先立って使用することによって
、成る繊維に対して、同様な配向作用を得ることも可能
である。
もし静電界が交流を用いて形成されれば、上述の繊維束
の膨張作用は、繊維間に局部荷電が起こり、主として配
素の存在する場合、繊維の表面に変形を生せしめる。こ
の変形（これは酸化によるものと思われるが）はそれが
繊維と母材間の強化された結合を得ることを可能にさせ
る限シこの最終の材料の性質を刺戟する。
本発明によれば、交流静電界（膨張及び表面処理）及び
直流静電界（膨張及び配向）を順次に用い得ることが考
えられる。
附図の第１図から第９図を参照して、本発明を限定する
ものではない実施例についての以下の説明から、本発明
は容易に理解されるであろう。
第１図において、絶縁支持部材２上に置かれかつくさび
部材６間に配置され、かつ絶縁基板４上に載置された第
１板形下方電極５と第１誘電体６とすきま７と第２誘電
体８と同様に板形の第２１１１極９とを含む絶縁材料で
造られたケーシングを示す。繊維束１０が２つの誘゛亀
体間に配置される、２つの電極５及び９はほぼ１００，
０ＯＯＶの直流発電機に接続される。この組立体は５ｍ
１ｎと６備の間の原繊維に対してはほぼ１０ｍ１ｎ間荷
電される。
第２図は荷電前の原繊維束を、及び第３図は１゜ｍｉｎ
の荷電処理後の原繊維束を示す。
引続いての実験の結果、体積は最終的に２倍になυ、す
なわち原繊維の実際の体積は不変のままで、原繊維間の
体積が２倍になることが判明した。
＄４図は、処理前の原繊維の顕微鏡観察形態、及び第５
図は処理後のざらざらになった同一の原繊維の斜視図を
示す。
実施上の観点から、交流を用いて一層十分な食刻を得る
ために、まず交流電界を原繊維束全体に受けさせ、次い
で膨張を起こさせるために直流電界を与えるという事実
は、ざらざらした、膨張しかつ整とんされた原繊維束を
得るのに大きく貢献することが判明した。事実、注目す
べ＠第３の効果は、第６図に示すような比較的乱雑に配
置された繊維束が、高圧直流の静寛界内で処理された後
には第７図に示すように完全に整列配向されることであ
る。
上述の説明では直流電圧を用いたが、別の方法では、第
８図に示すように２つの電極間に短い繊維を射出したの
ちこれらの繊維に第９図に示すように高圧の直流電界を
与えることである。これにより、これらの短繊維の連続
配置は常に中断点、従って弱い点を与えるので、竹繊維
合成材料の場合、極めて有用である幾分乱雑ではあるが
均質に配置された繊維をもった短繊維が得られることが
判明した１、
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は、本発明による合成材料の製造方法に用いる製
造装置の断面図、第２図は、荷電前の繊第７図は交流処
理後の原繊維束及び交流及び直流処理後の原繊維束のそ
れぞれの形態、第８図は２つの電極間に射出された原繊
維群、第９図は高圧交流を受ける原繊維の配置図である
。 図中の符号。 １・・・ケーシング、２・・・絶縁支持部材、６・・・
くさび部材、４・・・絶縁基板、５・・第１電極、６・
第１誘電体、７・・すき壕、８・・・第２誘市体、９・
・・第２電極、　　を示す。 “（８） ＋　　　　　　１

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １）合成材料を強化するのに用いられる要素に高電圧電
    流によつて誘起された静電界を作用し、次に前記要素に
    、前記電界を作用したまま、液状母材または母材の先駆
    物質を浸潤させる合成材料の製造方法 ２）前記補強要素が繊維形状物である特許請求の範囲第
    １項記載の方法。 ３）前記電界が交流電流によつて誘起される特許請求の
    範囲第１項記載の方法。 ４）前記電界が、直流電流によつて誘起さることを特徴
    とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法。 ５）交流電流と直流電流が順次に用いられる特許請求の
    範囲第１項記載の方法。 ６）特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法を実施して得られ
    る合成材料。
JP60211186A 1984-09-26 1985-09-26 合成材料の製造方法及び合成材料 Pending JPS6184210A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8414800A FR2570646B1 (fr) 1984-09-26 1984-09-26 Procede de preparation de materiaux composites a elements de renforcement orientes et produits obtenus
FR8414800 1984-09-26

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JPS6184210A true JPS6184210A (ja) 1986-04-28

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JP (1) JPS6184210A (ja)
AT (1) ATE39079T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU578740B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR8504704A (ja)
CA (1) CA1279033C (ja)
DE (1) DE3566632D1 (ja)
DK (1) DK162334C (ja)
ES (1) ES8800635A1 (ja)
FR (4) FR2570646B1 (ja)
IE (1) IE57205B1 (ja)
PT (1) PT81185B (ja)
ZA (1) ZA857143B (ja)

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CA1279033C (en) 1991-01-15
FR2610922A2 (fr) 1988-08-19
IE57205B1 (en) 1992-06-03
FR2609934B2 (fr) 1992-09-04
FR2570646B1 (fr) 1987-10-30
DK162334B (da) 1991-10-14
DK162334C (da) 1992-03-09
ES547269A0 (es) 1987-12-01
DK434585D0 (da) 1985-09-25
DE3566632T (ja) 1989-01-12
EP0179688A1 (fr) 1986-04-30
AU578740B2 (en) 1988-11-03
DE3566632D1 (en) 1989-01-12
FR2611086A2 (fr) 1988-08-19
FR2609934A2 (fr) 1988-07-29
FR2570646A1 (fr) 1986-03-28
DK434585A (da) 1986-03-27
IE852335L (en) 1986-03-26
ATE39079T1 (de) 1988-12-15
EP0179688B1 (fr) 1988-12-07
BR8504704A (pt) 1986-07-22
ES8800635A1 (es) 1987-12-01
PT81185A (fr) 1985-10-01
AU4791985A (en) 1986-04-10
ZA857143B (en) 1986-05-28
PT81185B (pt) 1987-08-19
FR2611086B2 (fr) 1994-09-09
FR2610922B2 (fr) 1993-08-20

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