JPS6287059A - Production of pisciculture feed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled product from stickiness, having beautiful skin and excellent shape-retainability, achieving high feeding rate because of excellent floating property and little causing the pollution of ocean, by compounding a CMC alkali metal salt having a specific property as a binder. CONSTITUTION:The objective pisciculture feed contains a binder consisting of a CMC alkali metal salt having a carboxymethyl-substitution degree of 0.7-1.5 based on anhydrous glucose unit, a water-content of <=5wt% and a viscosity of 2,000-9,000cps are 1wt% aqueous solution at 25 deg.C. The binder is added to the raw material of the objective feed in an amount of preferably 2-4wt% and the obtained mixture is kneaded, formed and granulated to obtain the objective product.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for producing fish feed for marine aquaculture. More specifically, it is caused by fish feed (conventional techniques and their problems) In recent years, fishing grounds in Japan have been significantly narrowed since the beginning of the 200-yield era.

Aquaculture of small fish, red sea bream, flounder, reeds, pufferfish, prawns, coho salmon, etc. has also begun, and the number of fish species targeted for marine aquaculture is rapidly increasing. However, currently, the feed in marine aquaculture consists of fresh and frozen fish, such as sardines and mackerel, which are commonly caught fish, in the form of minced, cut, or rounded fish. There is a problem that the predation rate by fish is low because there is a lot of elution and a lot of dispersion in seawater. For this reason, recently, fish feed (hereinafter referred to as "moist feed") is made by mixing and stirring fishmeal, oil cake, vitamins, minerals, and other fish feed ingredients with a binder, and then kneading the mixture with crushed raw feed to form granules. pellets) are rapidly becoming popular.

Moist pellets use a binder to prevent granular bait from dissipating, are floating, have a high fish predation rate, and are effective in preventing self-contamination by reducing the elution of water-soluble nutrients. In addition, moist pellets are a nutritionally calculated scientific feed that combines nutrients such as vitamins and minerals with fish meal and oil cake, and it is also possible to uniformly mix therapeutic drugs. Until now,
As a binder for moist pellets, carboxymethylcellulose alkali metal salt (usually carboxymethylcellulone sodium is used) and alginic acid l-I
The use of water-soluble polymers such as Jum
1-13773. However, in general carboxymethyl cellulose alkali metal salt fi, the degree of carboxymethyl group substitution per anhydroglucose unit is 0.
．． 50 to 0.70, there is a problem that salt resistance and chemical resistance are poor. If moist pellets are kneaded and granulated on board the ship and then fed as is, seawater is constantly used to crush raw fish or thaw frozen fish.

In this case, general CMC has poor salt tolerance, so its viscosity decreases and its cohesive force is weakened, resulting in a lack of cohesive force when granulating moist pellets, and when administered to seawater, it exfoliates and food dissipates. Fish feed causes significant marine pollution, which is undesirable.

In addition, a method for producing fish feed using sodium alginate aqueous solution and calcium salt as the main ingredients was published in
It is described in No. 46350.

However, since sodium alginate is a natural product, there is a problem in that the ingredients are not constant depending on the production area and year, and the quality is unstable.

(Means for Solving the Problems) As a result of intensive studies to improve these problems, the present inventor found that the degree of substitution of carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit in fish feed raw materials is 0.70 to L50. Yes, water content is 5.0% by weight or less, viscosity of 1% by weight aqueous solution is 25°C
2, OOOcps or more, 9. OOOCp8 or less ruboxymethyl cellulone alkali salt (hereinafter C+M
When a mixture obtained by blending C) as a binder is kneaded, molded, and granulated, it exhibits extremely good extrusion workability, and the resulting moist pellets have high caking power and moderate strength. , no stickiness, beautiful skin, and excellent shape retention. Furthermore, a moist bere using the binder of the present invention,
As a result of feeding +- in seawater, they found that there was no elution of water-soluble nutrients into seawater, excellent floating properties, high predation rate by fish, and little ocean pollution, leading to the completion of the present invention.

That is, the present invention uses carboxymethyl group substitution per anhydroglucose unit (hereinafter referred to as
(abbreviated as DS) is 0.70 to 150, and moisture content is 5.0.
% by weight or less, the viscosity of a 1% by weight aqueous solution at 25°C is 2. O
OOCpEi or higher9. The present invention relates to a method for producing fish feed, which is characterized by kneading and granulating a mixture obtained by blending CMC of OOOCps or less.

Examples of feed materials for cultivation and harvest include fish meal, oil cake, vitamins, minerals, and other powdered feed materials for cultured fish, as well as pulverized raw feed such as raw fish and frozen fish. Also, DS
is α70-150, the water content is 5.0% by weight or less, and the viscosity of a 1% by weight aqueous solution is 2.5% at 25°C. OOOQpS or more,
A CMC of 9,000 Qp8 or less is used as a binder. If the DS is less than 0.70, the salt resistance of CMC will be poor, and when seawater is used, the viscosity of CMC will decrease and the caking force will deteriorate. Furthermore, if the DS exceeds 150, it is difficult to produce CMC, and if the production is forced, the addition rate of monochloroacetic acid will decrease and the cost will increase. If the water content exceeds 5.0%, the water absorption of CMC deteriorates and the moist pellets become sticky and the pellets fuse together after granulation, making it difficult to feed. Furthermore, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution is 2.000 cp at 25°C.
If it is less than s, the cohesive force will be poor, and the moist pellets will be sticky and soft, and the pellets will fuse together after granulation, causing problems in feeding operations.

The fishmeal used in the present invention is one used in fish feed as an animal protein source, such as white fishmeal, brown fishmeal, meat meal, meat and bone meal, feather meal, blood meal, skim milk powder, Antarctic krill meal, and squid meal. be. In addition, oil cake is commonly used as a vegetable raw material in fish feed, including grains, grains, soybeans, soybean meal, starches, gluten meal, and lucerne meal. Furthermore, vitamins include vitamin B1, kite, B6,
B10, C1 naan, caruncum pantothenate, choline chloride, folic acid, piotin, inositol, para-aminobenzoic acid, etc. are appropriately blended. Minerals such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium are mixed in consideration of the mineral content in the fish meal, which is the main raw material.

In the present invention, when kneading and molding the crushed raw feed and the powdered feed, the mixing ratio is 80 to 30% by weight for the former and 20 to 70% by weight for the latter, depending on the state of gob-eating of the cultured fish. , preferably 50% by weight of both. In addition, as a binder, 0.5 to 1
0% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight. Further, as a binder, water-soluble polymers that can be used for fish feed in the OCMC of the present invention, such as sodium alginate, guar gum,
It is also possible to use hydroxyethylcellulone, methylcellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, etc. in combination.

In addition, the method of granulating moist pellets using the CMC of the present invention as a binder involves first adding the present invention to fishmeal, oil cake, vitamins, minerals, and other fish feed raw materials normally used in fish feed. After adding CMC and thoroughly mixing and stirring with a mixer to make powdered feed, raw fish and frozen fish are crushed with a crusher, kneaded with the minced raw feed crushed material with a kneader, and then mixed with a granulator. Granulate to obtain moist pellets.

Examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be described below.

(Example) Parts and percentages in the examples are based on weight.

Example 1 65% White Fish Me IL/39 parts, soybean meal 5
2 parts of vitamin B1 and other vitamins mixture and 2 parts of calcium, phosphorus and its pond mineral mixture
DS is 0.75 as a binder and moisture is 4.2%.
, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution is 3.400 CpB at 25°C.
Two parts of MC were put into a powder mixer and mixed uniformly to obtain a powdered feed.

Next, the raw fish sardines were crushed into pieces using a crusher to obtain crushed raw bait sardines. Further, 50 parts of ground raw sardine feed and 50 parts of powdered mixed feed were put into a kneader and kneaded uniformly, and then granulated with a granulator to obtain moist pellets with a diameter of 9.6 ff. The moist pellets obtained by granulation were free from stickiness and had beautiful skin. Next, the obtained moist pellets were administered into seawater and fed to yellowtail, but the moist pellets did not melt together.

There were no shields and feeding workability was good. Furthermore, there was no elution into seawater, and the fish predation rate was good.

Examples 2 to 5 A binder was used as a binder in the same manner as in Example 1. DS was α61, water was 8.8%, and the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 1
．． As a result of kneading and molding moist pellets using CMC of 250 Cps, the obtained moist pellets were extremely sticky and the texture of the pellets was also poor. Furthermore, when the crushed raw feed and the powdered feed were uniformly kneaded in a kneader, the mixture became lump-like and had poor extrusion workability. Furthermore, the obtained moist pellets were administered into seawater and fed to yellowtail.
Moist berets and l. were fused together, making it difficult to feed and the feeding workability was poor.

Comparison Examples 2 to 4 In the same manner as in Example 1, C shown in Table 1 was used as a binder.
As a result of kneading and molding moist pellets using MC,
The evaluation results were poor in all cases.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The degree of carboxymethyl group substitution per anhydroglucose unit in the fish feed raw material is 0.70 to 1.50, and the water content is 5.
．． 0% by weight or less, the viscosity of a 1% by weight aqueous solution is 2,
A method for producing fish feed, which comprises kneading and granulating a mixture obtained by blending a carboxymethyl cellulose alkali metal salt of 000 cps or more and 9,000 cps or less as a binder.