JPS642763B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS642763B2 JPS642763B2 JP7426281A JP7426281A JPS642763B2 JP S642763 B2 JPS642763 B2 JP S642763B2 JP 7426281 A JP7426281 A JP 7426281A JP 7426281 A JP7426281 A JP 7426281A JP S642763 B2 JPS642763 B2 JP S642763B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- fluorocarbon
- turbine
- pressure
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、タービンの潤滑方法に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for lubricating a turbine.
第1図は従来一般に用いられている水を作動流
体とした蒸気タービンである。 FIG. 1 shows a conventionally commonly used steam turbine using water as a working fluid.
タービン14の軸13は軸受11,12によつ
て支承されている。 The shaft 13 of the turbine 14 is supported by bearings 11 and 12.
潤滑油タンク1内に貯えられた鉱物性潤滑油は
ポンプ3によつて圧送され、クーラ26を経て軸
受11,12に供給される。軸受を潤滑した潤滑
油は、軸受箱9,10に接続された排油管7,8
によつて潤滑油タンク1に戻される。 The mineral lubricating oil stored in the lubricating oil tank 1 is pumped by the pump 3 and supplied to the bearings 11 and 12 via the cooler 26. The lubricating oil that used to lubricate the bearings is drained from oil drain pipes 7 and 8 connected to bearing boxes 9 and 10.
The lubricating oil is returned to the lubricating oil tank 1 by.
タービン軸13がタービンケーシング15を貫
いている個所に軸シール41,42が設けられ、
この軸シールのリーク蒸気を回収するグランドコ
ンデンサ31が軸シール41,および同42それ
ぞれの中央部に接続されている。以上の構造の蒸
気タービンにおいては作動流体である水蒸気と潤
滑油とはその循環系統が隔離されているので、作
動流体が潤滑油中に溶けこむ虞れが無い。前記の
グランドコンデンサ31はリーク蒸気と大気とを
一緒に吸引し、蒸気を復水として大気と分離して
いる。 Shaft seals 41 and 42 are provided at locations where the turbine shaft 13 penetrates the turbine casing 15,
A ground condenser 31 for collecting leaked steam from the shaft seals is connected to the center of each of the shaft seals 41 and 42. In the steam turbine having the above structure, the working fluid, steam, and the lubricating oil have separate circulation systems, so there is no risk that the working fluid will dissolve into the lubricating oil. The aforementioned ground condenser 31 sucks leaked steam and the atmosphere together, and separates the steam from the atmosphere as condensate.
以上は水蒸気を用いたタービンの概要である
が、作動流体としてフロンを用いるオイルフロン
タービンにおいては、フロンの大気中への放散
と、大気のフロン中への混入を防止するため、第
2図に示すように軸シール43,44の両端をそ
れぞれケーシング15と軸受箱9,10とに密着
させる。即ち、ケーシング15と、軸受箱9,1
0と軸シール43,44とによつて密閉室を形成
している。これは、高価なフロンガスを漏失させ
ないためと、フロンガスによる大気汚染を防止す
るためと、大気がフロンガス中に混入して塩酸を
生成してタービンを腐蝕させるのを防止するため
である。 The above is an overview of turbines that use water vapor. However, in oil fluorocarbon turbines that use fluorocarbons as the working fluid, in order to prevent the fluorocarbons from dissipating into the atmosphere and preventing the atmosphere from mixing into the fluorocarbons, as shown in Figure 2. As shown, both ends of the shaft seals 43 and 44 are brought into close contact with the casing 15 and the bearing boxes 9 and 10, respectively. That is, the casing 15 and the bearing boxes 9, 1
0 and shaft seals 43 and 44 form a sealed chamber. This is to prevent expensive fluorocarbon gas from leaking, to prevent air pollution caused by fluorocarbon gas, and to prevent atmospheric air from mixing with fluorocarbon gas and producing hydrochloric acid, which will corrode the turbine.
このようにして密閉構造にすると、軸シール4
3,44をリークして軸受箱9,10に漏入した
フロンガスが潤滑油と接触するようになる。とこ
ろが、オイルフロンタービンの潤滑油として広く
用いられているポリオールエステル油はフロンを
溶解し易い特性を有しており、その上、このポリ
オールエステル油はフロンガスの溶入によつて著
しく油性を低下せしめられるので、タービン潤滑
油であるポリオールエステル油中のフロン濃度を
一定値以下(通常、20%以下)に抑制する必要が
ある。 By creating a sealed structure in this way, the shaft seal 4
The fluorocarbon gas that has leaked into the bearing boxes 9 and 10 comes into contact with the lubricating oil. However, polyol ester oil, which is widely used as a lubricating oil for oil fluorocarbon turbines, has the property of easily dissolving fluorocarbons, and furthermore, this polyol ester oil significantly reduces oiliness due to the infiltration of fluorocarbon gas. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the concentration of fluorocarbons in polyol ester oil, which is a turbine lubricating oil, to a certain value or less (usually 20% or less).
従来、一般に、オイルフロンタービンにおいて
は、潤滑油中のフロンを分離してフロン濃度を下
げるため、次記のような脱気手段が設けられてい
る。 Conventionally, oil fluorocarbon turbines are generally provided with a degassing means as described below in order to separate fluorocarbons from lubricating oil and reduce the fluorocarbon concentration.
潤滑油タンク1内の潤滑油はポンプ18によつ
て圧送され、加熱器19で予熱された後脱気器2
1内で噴霧される。この脱気器21内はエゼクタ
24によつて減圧されているので、噴霧された潤
滑油中のフロンは気化し、エゼクタ24および配
管25を経てコンデンサ16に回収される。 The lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 1 is pumped by a pump 18, preheated by a heater 19, and then sent to a deaerator 2.
It is sprayed within 1. Since the pressure inside the deaerator 21 is reduced by the ejector 24, the fluorocarbon in the sprayed lubricating oil is vaporized and collected into the condenser 16 via the ejector 24 and piping 25.
第3図は潤滑系統内の真空度と潤滑油中のフロ
ン濃度との関係である。潤滑系統内の真空度が低
下するとフロン濃度が上昇することが理解され
る。 FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the degree of vacuum in the lubrication system and the concentration of fluorocarbon in the lubricating oil. It is understood that the concentration of fluorocarbons increases as the degree of vacuum within the lubrication system decreases.
このようなフロンの溶解特性のため、何らかの
原因(たとえば夏季における外気温度の上昇な
ど)によつてコンデンサ能力が低下すると、潤滑
油内へのフロン溶け込み量が増大する。この溶け
込み量が前述のフロンガス脱気手段の容量を上回
ると、潤滑油中のフロン濃度上昇のために潤滑油
の油性が低下してタービンの運転続行ができなく
なる。 Due to such dissolution characteristics of fluorocarbons, when the capacitor capacity decreases due to some reason (for example, an increase in outside air temperature in summer), the amount of fluorocarbons dissolved into the lubricating oil increases. If the amount of dissolution exceeds the capacity of the above-mentioned fluorocarbon gas degassing means, the oiliness of the lubricating oil decreases due to the increased concentration of fluorocarbons in the lubricating oil, making it impossible to continue operating the turbine.
本発明は以上の事情に鑑みて為され、例えばフ
ロンなどのタービン作動流体が潤滑油中に溶け込
むことを抑制して、タービン作動流体の脱気装置
の効果を充分に発揮させ、潤滑油中のタービン作
動流体濃度を低く保ち得る潤滑方法を提供しよう
とするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and suppresses dissolution of turbine working fluid such as fluorocarbon into lubricating oil, thereby fully exhibiting the effect of a turbine working fluid degassing device, and The present invention aims to provide a lubrication method that can keep the concentration of turbine working fluid low.
本発明は、作動流体が潤滑油中に溶けこむ現象
を詳しく調査研究した結果、気体状態の作動流体
が直接的に潤滑油に溶け込む速度は無視し得る程
度に小さく、作動流体蒸気が凝縮して潤滑油中に
混入するという経路をとるものが殆ど全部である
ということが判明したので、潤滑系統内の作動流
体の圧力を「その温度」における飽和圧力よりも
低くして、作動流体蒸気の凝縮を防止することに
より作動流体が潤滑油中に溶け込むことを抑制す
る方法を創作するに至つたものである。ここに
「その温度」とは具体的には潤滑油循環の戻り油
の温度に当たる。 As a result of detailed investigation and research into the phenomenon of working fluid dissolving into lubricating oil, the present invention found that the speed at which gaseous working fluid directly dissolves into lubricating oil is negligibly small, and the working fluid vapor condenses. It has been found that almost all of the lubricants take the route of getting mixed into the lubricating oil, so the pressure of the working fluid in the lubrication system is lowered below the saturation pressure at ``that temperature'' to condense the working fluid vapor. By preventing this, we have created a method for suppressing the dissolution of the working fluid into the lubricating oil. Here, "the temperature" specifically corresponds to the temperature of the return oil of the lubricating oil circulation.
本発明方法は、上述の判断に基づいて前記の目
的を達成するため、潤滑油タンク内の上部空間を
減圧して、該空間内のフロンガス分圧を「潤滑油
タンクの戻り油の温度におけるフロンガスの飽和
圧力」以下に保持するものである。 In order to achieve the above object based on the above judgment, the method of the present invention reduces the pressure in the upper space in the lubricating oil tank and changes the partial pressure of fluorocarbon gas in the space to "Freon gas at the temperature of the return oil of the lubricating oil tank." The saturation pressure is maintained at or below the saturation pressure.
第4図は、潤滑油中に混入したフロンガスを脱
気する手段を備えたオイルフロンタービンにおい
て、上記の本発明方法を実施するために好適なよ
うに構成した潤滑装置の一例である。 FIG. 4 shows an example of a lubricating device suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention described above in an oil fluorocarbon turbine equipped with a means for deaerating the fluorocarbon gas mixed in the lubricating oil.
本図において第2図(従来形のオイルフロンタ
ービン)と同一の図面参照番号を附した部材は第
2図と同様若しくは類似の部材である。ただし、
ポンプ18,加熱器19,脱気器21およびエゼ
クタ24によつて構成されるフロンガス脱気手段
Aは従来形のタービンにおけるフロンガス脱気手
段に比して格段に小容量のものとしてある。 In this figure, members with the same drawing reference numbers as in FIG. 2 (conventional oil fluorocarbon turbine) are the same or similar members as in FIG. 2. however,
The fluorocarbon gas degassing means A constituted by the pump 18, the heater 19, the deaerator 21, and the ejector 24 has a much smaller capacity than the fluorocarbon gas degassing means in conventional turbines.
この潤滑装置は、潤滑油タンク内部空間のう
ち、潤滑油によつて満たされていない部分(いわ
ゆる上部空間)を減圧する手段を設けてある。 This lubricating device is provided with a means for reducing the pressure of a portion of the internal space of the lubricating oil tank that is not filled with lubricating oil (so-called upper space).
この装置は、上部空間を減圧する手段としてフ
ロンガスを作動流体とするエゼクタ33を設け、
その吸引口を潤滑油タンク1の上部空間に接続
し、同エゼクタの吐出口をコンデンサ16に接続
する。このように構成すると、タービン駆動用の
フロン蒸気によつて減圧手段を駆動できるので便
利であるが、本発明方法を実施するための減圧手
段は本例のごとくエゼクタに限られるものではな
く、例えば電気式の真空ポンプなど適宜の減圧手
段を使用し得る。 This device is provided with an ejector 33 that uses Freon gas as a working fluid as a means for reducing the pressure in the upper space,
The suction port is connected to the upper space of the lubricating oil tank 1, and the discharge port of the ejector is connected to the condenser 16. This configuration is convenient because the pressure reducing means can be driven by the fluorocarbon steam used to drive the turbine, but the pressure reducing means for carrying out the method of the present invention is not limited to the ejector as in this example. Any suitable pressure reducing means such as an electric vacuum pump may be used.
前記のエゼクタ33の作動インターロツク図を
第5図に示す。タービンの運転中において、コン
デンサの真空度が低下し、かつ、潤滑油中のフロ
ン濃度が上昇したとき、前記のエゼクタが動作せ
しめられる。 An operational interlock diagram of the ejector 33 is shown in FIG. During operation of the turbine, when the degree of vacuum in the condenser decreases and the concentration of fluorocarbon in the lubricating oil increases, the ejector is activated.
エゼクタ33の作動によつて潤滑油タンク1内
の上部空間が減圧されると、排油管7,同8,軸
受箱9,同10などの潤滑系統機器内も減圧され
る。本例においては作動流体としてフロンR11
3を用いた。 When the upper space in the lubricating oil tank 1 is depressurized by the operation of the ejector 33, the pressure in the lubricating system equipment such as the oil drain pipes 7, 8, bearing boxes 9, and 10 is also depressurized. In this example, Freon R11 is used as the working fluid.
3 was used.
本例の装置を定格状態で運転しているとき、潤
滑油タンク1の戻り油温度(実測値)は45℃であ
つた。この温度におけるフロンR113の飽和圧
力は0.9Kg/cm2absであつた。 When the apparatus of this example was operated under the rated conditions, the return oil temperature (actually measured value) in the lubricating oil tank 1 was 45°C. The saturation pressure of Freon R113 at this temperature was 0.9 Kg/cm 2 abs.
この状態における潤滑油タンク1内の圧力(実
測値)は0.5Kg/cm2absであつた。フロンガス分圧
はこれよりも若干低いものと推定され、前記飽和
圧力(0.9Kg/cm2)に比して明確に低い。 The pressure (actually measured value) in the lubricating oil tank 1 in this state was 0.5 Kg/cm 2 abs. The fluorocarbon gas partial pressure is estimated to be slightly lower than this, and is clearly lower than the saturation pressure (0.9 Kg/cm 2 ).
このようにして、フロンガスの分圧が、その温
度における飽和圧力以下になると、フロンガスが
凝縮することは無くなる。従つてフロンガスの潤
滑油中への溶け込みは殆ど停止する。このため、
小容量のフロンガス脱気手段Aによつて潤滑油中
のフロン濃度を低く維持することができる。この
ように小容量の脱気手段で足りるということは、
脱気手段におけるエネルギー損失が節減されるの
みでなく、脱気操作における予熱のために潤滑油
の劣化が促進されることも抑制され、また、脱気
手段の製造コストを低減することもできるので経
済的である。 In this way, when the partial pressure of the fluorocarbon gas becomes equal to or lower than the saturation pressure at that temperature, the fluorocarbon gas no longer condenses. Therefore, the dissolution of the fluorocarbon gas into the lubricating oil is almost stopped. For this reason,
The fluorocarbon concentration in the lubricating oil can be maintained low by the small capacity fluorocarbon gas degassing means A. The fact that a small capacity degassing means is sufficient in this way means that
Not only is the energy loss in the degassing means reduced, but the deterioration of the lubricating oil due to preheating during the degassing operation is also suppressed, and the manufacturing cost of the degassing means can be reduced. Economical.
本発明の方法によれば、タービン作動流体であ
るフロンガスの凝縮を防止して、潤滑油内への混
入を防止し得るので、タービン作動流体の脱気装
置の容量を小さく構成しても、潤滑油内の作動流
体(フロンガス)濃度を低く保たせることができ
る。 According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent fluorocarbon gas, which is the turbine working fluid, from condensing and to prevent it from being mixed into the lubricating oil. The concentration of working fluid (fluorocarbon gas) in oil can be kept low.
第1図は従来一般に用いられている蒸気タービ
ンの系統図、第2図は従来一般に用いられている
オイルフロンタービンの系統図、第3図はオイル
フロンタービンの潤滑油中のフロン濃度と潤滑系
統内の真空度との関係を示す図表、第4図は本発
明に係るオイルフロンタービンの潤滑方法を実施
するために構成した潤滑装置の系統図、第5図は
上記実施例におけるエゼクタの作動インターロツ
ク図である。
1……潤滑油タンク、14……タービン、18
……ポンプ、19……加熱器、21……脱気器、
24……エゼクタ、33……エゼクタ、41,4
2,43,44……軸シール。
Figure 1 is a system diagram of a conventionally commonly used steam turbine, Figure 2 is a system diagram of a conventionally commonly used oil fluorocarbon turbine, and Figure 3 is the fluorocarbon concentration in the lubricating oil of an oil fluorocarbon turbine and the lubrication system. FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a lubrication system configured to carry out the oil flon turbine lubrication method according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the ejector operating interface in the above embodiment. This is a lock diagram. 1...Lubricating oil tank, 14...Turbine, 18
... pump, 19 ... heater, 21 ... deaerator,
24...Ejecta, 33...Ejecta, 41,4
2, 43, 44...Shaft seal.
Claims (1)
して循環せしめる潤滑系統を備えると共に、作動
流体であるフロンのガスを上記潤滑油に対して隔
離せず、かつ、該フロンガスが大気中に放散しな
いように軸シール部を構成したオイルフロンター
ビンの潤滑方法において、前記潤滑油タンク内の
潤滑油面上方空間を減圧して、該空間内のフロン
ガス分圧を「潤滑油タンク戻り油温度におけるフ
ロンガスの飽和圧力」以下に維持することを特徴
とするオイルフロンタービンの潤滑方法。1. It is equipped with a lubrication system that pressure-feeds and circulates the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank to the bearing, and does not isolate the fluorocarbon gas, which is the working fluid, from the lubricating oil, and prevents the fluorocarbon gas from entering the atmosphere. In a lubrication method for an oil fluorocarbon turbine in which a shaft seal is configured to prevent dissipation, the space above the lubricating oil surface in the lubricating oil tank is depressurized, and the partial pressure of the fluorocarbon gas in the space is adjusted to "at the temperature of the return oil in the lubricating oil tank." A lubrication method for an oil fluorocarbon turbine characterized by maintaining the pressure at or below the saturation pressure of fluorocarbon gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7426281A JPS57191403A (en) | 1981-05-19 | 1981-05-19 | Method and device for lubricating turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7426281A JPS57191403A (en) | 1981-05-19 | 1981-05-19 | Method and device for lubricating turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57191403A JPS57191403A (en) | 1982-11-25 |
| JPS642763B2 true JPS642763B2 (en) | 1989-01-18 |
Family
ID=13542038
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7426281A Granted JPS57191403A (en) | 1981-05-19 | 1981-05-19 | Method and device for lubricating turbine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57191403A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1245119B (en) * | 1991-01-29 | 1994-09-13 | Nuovopignone Ind Meccaniche Ef | REFINED LUBRICATION OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM FOR CUSHIONS OF A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR WITH LABYRINTH SEALS |
| WO2009017474A1 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-02-05 | Utc Power Corporation | Method and apparatus for starting a refrigerant system without preheating the oil |
| JP2009121779A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-06-04 | Public Works Research Institute | Pressurized fluid incinerator |
| JP2016061237A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-25 | 株式会社Ihi | Waste-heat power generating apparatus |
| DE102024117803B3 (en) * | 2024-06-25 | 2025-07-31 | Man Energy Solutions Se | Process gas separation from lubricating oil in a turbomachine arrangement |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5554610A (en) * | 1978-10-18 | 1980-04-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Structure of rotor bearing capable of preventing oil leakage |
-
1981
- 1981-05-19 JP JP7426281A patent/JPS57191403A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57191403A (en) | 1982-11-25 |
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