SE459420B - Metod foer avfaergning av ytaktiva substanser av icke-sulfonerade ligniner fraan kraft- eller sulfitmassaprocesser - Google Patents
Metod foer avfaergning av ytaktiva substanser av icke-sulfonerade ligniner fraan kraft- eller sulfitmassaprocesserInfo
- Publication number
- SE459420B SE459420B SE8404058A SE8404058A SE459420B SE 459420 B SE459420 B SE 459420B SE 8404058 A SE8404058 A SE 8404058A SE 8404058 A SE8404058 A SE 8404058A SE 459420 B SE459420 B SE 459420B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- lignin
- moles
- grams
- percent
- blocking
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 99
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940008406 diethyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004151 quinonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006326 desulfonation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005869 desulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005611 kraft lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDLBHIIDBLGOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound ClCC(O)CS(O)(=O)=O DDLBHIIDBLGOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMPHJJBZKIZRHG-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)CCl HMPHJJBZKIZRHG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MOFCYHDQWIZKMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCl MOFCYHDQWIZKMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 epichlorohydrin Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003944 halohydrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017693 oxidative demethylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007067 oxidative demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H6/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignin, e.g. tannins, humic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0084—Dispersions of dyes
- C09B67/0085—Non common dispersing agents
- C09B67/0089—Non common dispersing agents non ionic dispersing agent, e.g. EO or PO addition products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/547,119 US4486346A (en) | 1983-10-31 | 1983-10-31 | Color reduction process for non-sulfonated lignin |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8404058D0 SE8404058D0 (sv) | 1984-08-10 |
| SE8404058L SE8404058L (sv) | 1985-05-01 |
| SE459420B true SE459420B (sv) | 1989-07-03 |
Family
ID=24183410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8404058A SE459420B (sv) | 1983-10-31 | 1984-08-10 | Metod foer avfaergning av ytaktiva substanser av icke-sulfonerade ligniner fraan kraft- eller sulfitmassaprocesser |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4486346A (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS6097992A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8404548A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1218056A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3433656A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2554136B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2148884B (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO164838C (fr) |
| SE (1) | SE459420B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4918167A (en) * | 1988-04-19 | 1990-04-17 | Center For Innovative Technology | Method of producing prepolymers from hydroxyalkyl lignin derivatives |
| CA2716663A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-06 | University Of Windsor | Methode et procede de production d'acides gras a courte chaine a partir de circuit de dechets contenant des composes de type lignine phenolique, par oxydation photocatalytique controlee avec du dioxyde de titane non catalysant en presence de rayonnement ultraviolet |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2525433A (en) * | 1947-09-23 | 1950-10-10 | Huber Corp J M | Inks |
| US2680113A (en) * | 1949-12-22 | 1954-06-01 | Svenska Cellulosaforeningens C | Method of producing water-soluble products from black liquor lignin |
| US2690973A (en) * | 1952-04-17 | 1954-10-05 | Huber Corp J M | Printing ink and varnish therefor |
| US3503762A (en) * | 1966-03-14 | 1970-03-31 | Inca Inks | Ink comprising lignin-based colorants |
| US3672817A (en) * | 1970-12-14 | 1972-06-27 | Westvaco Corp | Alkylene chlorohydrin,oxide or carbonate modified sulfonated lignins in a disperse or vat dye cake |
| US3865803A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1975-02-11 | Westvaco Corp | Modified lignin surfactants |
| US3763139A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1973-10-02 | Westvaco Corp | Modified lignin surfactants |
| US3769272A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1973-10-30 | Westvaco Corp | Lignin adduct |
| US4184845A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1980-01-22 | Westvaco Corporation | Process for reduction of lignin color |
| US4001202A (en) * | 1975-10-17 | 1977-01-04 | Westvaco Corporation | Process for making sulfonated lignin surfactants |
| US4221708A (en) * | 1978-08-14 | 1980-09-09 | Westvaco Corporation | Method for polymerization of lignin |
| US4454066A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1984-06-12 | Westvaco Corporation | Reduction of lignin color |
-
1983
- 1983-10-31 US US06/547,119 patent/US4486346A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1984
- 1984-08-10 SE SE8404058A patent/SE459420B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-08-21 NO NO843330A patent/NO164838C/no unknown
- 1984-08-22 GB GB08421300A patent/GB2148884B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-09-12 BR BR8404548A patent/BR8404548A/pt unknown
- 1984-09-12 JP JP59192415A patent/JPS6097992A/ja active Granted
- 1984-09-13 DE DE19843433656 patent/DE3433656A1/de active Granted
- 1984-09-14 FR FR8414135A patent/FR2554136B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1984-09-14 CA CA000463245A patent/CA1218056A/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3433656A1 (de) | 1985-05-15 |
| DE3433656C2 (fr) | 1988-12-22 |
| FR2554136A1 (fr) | 1985-05-03 |
| JPH0226636B2 (fr) | 1990-06-12 |
| NO164838B (no) | 1990-08-13 |
| US4486346A (en) | 1984-12-04 |
| SE8404058D0 (sv) | 1984-08-10 |
| JPS6097992A (ja) | 1985-05-31 |
| CA1218056A (fr) | 1987-02-17 |
| NO164838C (no) | 1990-11-21 |
| GB2148884A (en) | 1985-06-05 |
| GB2148884B (en) | 1987-04-08 |
| FR2554136B1 (fr) | 1988-11-25 |
| SE8404058L (sv) | 1985-05-01 |
| BR8404548A (pt) | 1985-08-06 |
| GB8421300D0 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
| NO843330L (no) | 1985-05-02 |
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