SK40097A3 - A process for the quantitative synthesis of 3-(l-pyroglutamyl)-l- -thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof - Google Patents
A process for the quantitative synthesis of 3-(l-pyroglutamyl)-l- -thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK40097A3 SK40097A3 SK400-97A SK40097A SK40097A3 SK 40097 A3 SK40097 A3 SK 40097A3 SK 40097 A SK40097 A SK 40097A SK 40097 A3 SK40097 A3 SK 40097A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- halide
- compound
- formula
- thiazolidine
- carboxylic acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 5-oxo-L-proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acide pyroglutamique Natural products OC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 ligroin Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 26
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDNKZNFMNDZQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide Chemical compound CC(C)N=C=NC(C)C BDNKZNFMNDZQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005099 aryl alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- BGRWYRAHAFMIBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylcarbodiimide Natural products CC(C)NC(=O)NC(C)C BGRWYRAHAFMIBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MJLQPFJGZTYCMH-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC1=O MJLQPFJGZTYCMH-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004830 cetylpyridinium Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- MZMRZONIDDFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C MZMRZONIDDFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- DZLNHFMRPBPULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioproline Chemical class OC(=O)C1CSCN1 DZLNHFMRPBPULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DZLNHFMRPBPULJ-GSVOUGTGSA-N D-thioproline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1CSCN1 DZLNHFMRPBPULJ-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- SHFJWMWCIHQNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydron;tetrabutylazanium;sulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC SHFJWMWCIHQNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- RMHPSSGICDJKDR-VKHMYHEASA-N (2s)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 RMHPSSGICDJKDR-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADFXKUOMJKEIND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dicyclohexylurea Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC(=O)NC1CCCCC1 ADFXKUOMJKEIND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFMZSMGAMPBRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(O)C(=O)C2=C1 CFMZSMGAMPBRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZRBNETYZYOXTLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1CSCN1 ZRBNETYZYOXTLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- RZTLLWYMTFATOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanoylazanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C([NH3+])=O.CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 RZTLLWYMTFATOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBNGYFFABRKICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F XBNGYFFABRKICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHJGJYXLEPZJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl LHJGJYXLEPZJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NQTADLQHYWFPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Hydroxysuccinimide Chemical compound ON1C(=O)CCC1=O NQTADLQHYWFPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001147 anti-toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZRBNETYZYOXTLS-YFKPBYRVSA-N ethyl (4r)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)[C@@H]1CSCN1 ZRBNETYZYOXTLS-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQRLNYSSTHJCIU-JEDNCBNOSA-N ethyl (4r)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCOC(=O)[C@@H]1CSCN1 SQRLNYSSTHJCIU-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002989 glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003308 immunostimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/06—Dipeptides
- C07K5/06139—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being heterocyclic
- C07K5/06173—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being heterocyclic and Glp-amino acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI941955A IT1270017B (it) | 1994-09-27 | 1994-09-27 | "sintesi quantitativa dell'acido 3-(l-piroglutamil)-l-tiazolidin-4- carbossilico e suoi derivati" |
| PCT/EP1995/003720 WO1996010036A1 (en) | 1994-09-27 | 1995-09-21 | A process for the quantitative synthesis of 3-(l-pyroglutamyl)-l-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK40097A3 true SK40097A3 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
Family
ID=11369599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK400-97A SK40097A3 (en) | 1994-09-27 | 1995-09-21 | A process for the quantitative synthesis of 3-(l-pyroglutamyl)-l- -thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1143863C (it) |
| BG (1) | BG63895B1 (it) |
| BR (1) | BR9509087A (it) |
| CO (1) | CO4480030A1 (it) |
| CZ (1) | CZ91597A3 (it) |
| IT (1) | IT1270017B (it) |
| PL (1) | PL181824B1 (it) |
| RO (1) | RO115957B1 (it) |
| SK (1) | SK40097A3 (it) |
| WO (1) | WO1996010036A1 (it) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108088936B (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-05-22 | 常州寅盛药业有限公司 | 制备匹多莫德乙酯所得杂质及其质量检测方法 |
| CN108715598A (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-30 | 峨眉山宏昇药业股份有限公司 | 一种匹多莫德的制备方法 |
| CN117088939A (zh) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏吴中医药集团有限公司 | 一种匹多莫德的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1202426B (it) * | 1987-01-26 | 1989-02-09 | Poli Ind Chimica Spa | Derivato di acido tiazolidin-4-carbossilico,sua preparazione e composizioni farmaceutiche che lo contengono |
| IT1239029B (it) * | 1989-10-12 | 1993-09-20 | Poli Ind Chimica Spa | Processo per la preparazione dell'acido 3-(l-piroglutamil)-l- tiazolidin-4-carbossilico e suoi derivati. |
-
1994
- 1994-09-27 IT ITMI941955A patent/IT1270017B/it active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-09-21 RO RO97-00611A patent/RO115957B1/ro unknown
- 1995-09-21 BR BR9509087A patent/BR9509087A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-09-21 WO PCT/EP1995/003720 patent/WO1996010036A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-09-21 CZ CZ97915A patent/CZ91597A3/cs unknown
- 1995-09-21 CN CNB951953222A patent/CN1143863C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-21 PL PL95319380A patent/PL181824B1/pl unknown
- 1995-09-21 SK SK400-97A patent/SK40097A3/sk unknown
- 1995-09-27 CO CO95044814A patent/CO4480030A1/es unknown
-
1997
- 1997-03-11 BG BG101310A patent/BG63895B1/bg unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1996010036A1 (en) | 1996-04-04 |
| BG63895B1 (bg) | 2003-05-30 |
| CN1143863C (zh) | 2004-03-31 |
| ITMI941955A1 (it) | 1996-03-27 |
| RO115957B1 (ro) | 2000-08-30 |
| CN1158620A (zh) | 1997-09-03 |
| CZ91597A3 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
| PL181824B1 (pl) | 2001-09-28 |
| PL319380A1 (en) | 1997-08-04 |
| ITMI941955A0 (it) | 1994-09-27 |
| IT1270017B (it) | 1997-04-16 |
| CO4480030A1 (es) | 1997-07-09 |
| BR9509087A (pt) | 1998-07-21 |
| BG101310A (en) | 1997-12-30 |
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