TW408105B - A process for the production of methylbenzofuran (MBF) impurities in phenol obtained from decomposition product of cumene hydroperoxide - Google Patents
A process for the production of methylbenzofuran (MBF) impurities in phenol obtained from decomposition product of cumene hydroperoxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW408105B TW408105B TW084104656A TW84104656A TW408105B TW 408105 B TW408105 B TW 408105B TW 084104656 A TW084104656 A TW 084104656A TW 84104656 A TW84104656 A TW 84104656A TW 408105 B TW408105 B TW 408105B
- Authority
- TW
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- Prior art keywords
- phenol
- content
- acetol
- ppm
- resin
- Prior art date
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- GBGPVUAOTCNZPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylcumarone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C)=CC2=C1 GBGPVUAOTCNZPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl-benzene Natural products CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003930 superacid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 cumene hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GSRFPZLAJMPCOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 GSRFPZLAJMPCOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZUPZGFPHUVJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methoxyethane Chemical compound COCCBr YZUPZGFPHUVJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWAMZDRREBOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylpyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C(CC)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 ZWAMZDRREBOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OITGKVBQAFYQLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(3-methylphenyl)methyl]furan Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(CC=2OC=CC=2)=C1 OITGKVBQAFYQLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FWQHNLCNFPYBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoran Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2OC2=CC=CC=C2C11OC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C21 FWQHNLCNFPYBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006178 methyl benzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- YTJSFYQNRXLOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylsilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[SiH3] YTJSFYQNRXLOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- CYEDGXSCQSIYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2h-chromene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OCC(C)=CC2=C1 CYEDGXSCQSIYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOCGAKKLRVLQAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylphenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C3C(C)=CC=CC3=CC=C21 LOCGAKKLRVLQAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGVFQPRQKLMTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.N.[Bi+3] Chemical compound N.N.[Bi+3] VGVFQPRQKLMTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000579647 Penaeus vannamei Penaeidin-2a Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XDDQNOKKZKHBIX-ASBZXGSUSA-N Temocapril hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H]1C(N(CC(O)=O)C[C@H](SC1)C=1SC=CC=1)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XDDQNOKKZKHBIX-ASBZXGSUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DOWJXOHBNXRUOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphenanthrene Natural products C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C)=CC=C2 DOWJXOHBNXRUOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/68—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C37/86—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/08—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by decomposition of hydroperoxides, e.g. cumene hydroperoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/68—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C37/685—Processes comprising at least two steps in series
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/68—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C37/70—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
A7 B7
經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 第84104656號專利申請案在081 G 5 中文説明書再修正頁(86年2月、 五、發明説明( 過5ppm,藉由二脂或1種固態的超強酸催 化劑化合物在適當的溫度下之處理可以有效率且經濟的將 2 -及3 -甲基笨幷呋喃(集體的或個別的μ B F ) i足酚中去除, 在較高濃度丙酮醇之狀況下,本樹脂處理之效率降低而逐 漸地失去其經濟上之吸引力。 對本發明有用之強酸樹脂包含芳香磺酸族及典型地包括 續化义又結合的聚革《乙晞顆粒,此種芳香續酸樹脂在商業 上可方便購得’例如A m b e r I y s t ®1 5樹脂,一種串珠型式 的磺酸陽離子交換樹脂可向Rohm and H a as公司購得, 此外’亦可使用固態的超強酸催化劑系統,這些系統已發 展作爲取代例如用於石油醯化作業之氫氟酸的液態酸性系 統之替換物’某些得自於現存、的方法(A 1 C 13,S 6 F 5,S 〇 4 2 _ 對Zr02 或 Ti02之輔佐受質(Suppor.t'ing substrate)), 其藉著連結現存的強酸紐成至氧化物或埴類受質上以固定 酸之活性,其他是由金屬氧化物群(鎢及鉬)製造而得之更 新穎的異多元酸,在"固態的超強酸催化劑》,Makoto
Misuno and Toshi.o Okuhara,Chemtech,ll 月 1993 中討論到典型的催化劑,固態·的超強酸催化劑化合物在本 文中定義爲凡是其酸性強度大於1 0 0 %之硫酸的酸性化合 物者。 以樹脂處理之效力在樹脂本身穩定度之範圍内係隨著溫 度之增加而增加,例如在攝氏70至120度之範圍,更佳的 是在攝氏80至110度,較長的接觸時間也會更有效力但卻 增加處理之經費。酚及酸性樹脂之接觸可以藉已知之方法 本·紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注項再填寫本頁)
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 408105 二 五、發明説明(!) 發明背景 1 發明範圍:本發明係關高純度之酚的製造,特別是降 低酚中甲基苯幷呋喃的含量以獲得所欲之高純度酚的方法 〇 2.相關技藝説明:酚可由異丙苯製得,其藉由異丙苯氧 化爲異丙苯氫過氧化物,接著藉由此氫過氧化物分裂或分 解爲酚及丙酮而製得,此反應產物被導入一個分離及回收 系統,其中丙酮藉著蒸餾由殘餘的產物中分離出來,此殘 餘的產物然後被更進一步蒸餾以分離異丙苯,若想要回收 沈-甲基苯乙烯(AMS)及異丙苯可使用異丙苯回收柱,或 者由異丙苯回收柱所殘餘的產物-可導入一個粗略的没_甲 基苯乙烯回收柱將《 -甲基苯乙烯由殘餘產物中分離出來 ,此剩.餘的產物被導入一個酚回收柱以將酚從剩餘的較高 沸點的組成中分離出來。 由分餾所獲得之酚產物含有包括甲基苯乙烯,丙輞 醇(經基丙酮),苯乙酮,苯異丙苯及2_及3_甲基苯并唉喃 (集體的或個別的MBF)的許多的雜質,爲了某些目的, 降低這些雜質以避免在熟化作用或磺化作用或氣化作用中 發生變色的間題是重要的,'因爲甲基苯幷呋喃和酚具有相 同的揮發性,無法藉由分餾將甲基苯弁呋喃有效的分離, 在美國專利案號5,〇64,5〇7及4,8 57,15ι中揭示在有水存 在下蒸餾,或蒸汽蒸餾,以降低甲基苯幷呋喃之量,此種 蒸汽蒸顧需要實際的能量的支出以產生需要量的蒸汽及使 用大量的蒸餾管以容納有機蒸汽及更多的水蒸汽之沆動, 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公餐) ________ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本瓦)
-4- A7
ϊ; 第84104656號專利申請 中文說明書再修正頁(8 五、發明説明(4 )>二 ^•:\ Λ.. 來芫成,如將樹-脂粒和酚混在_起攪拌,或將酚灌通由酸 性樹脂所鋪成之基床,其可能是商業上較佳的選擇,在下 列的例子中説明溫度及接觸時間之效力,每小時基床體積 之單位的定義參看實例1,其對本發明來說較佳的爲^至 10,更佳的是2至6基床體積/小時,在這些範例中,當2_ 甲基苯幷呋喃存在濃度爲丨pp m或更高時,其係以傳統的 氣相色層分析法來做分杆,低於該濃度時,則使用一種非 極性,十八烷基硅烷管及波長2 5 4 n m之紫外線侦測儀執行 液相色層分析法,在與周園相同的溫度下,穩定的體積組 成爲9 0 / 1 0足甲醇/水將作爲沖提劑,2 _甲基苯幷呋喃濃度 之计其係基於訊號波峰面積對標準校正線之比較。 實例1 :、 在表I"入口 "項下顯示包含少於丨p pm之丙酮醇及許多量 之甲基笨并1ί夫喃之酚以所標明之速率及溫度通過一基床之 酸性樹脂(Amberlyst 15),基床體積是—體積之酚相對 於所使用之樹脂基床之體積,單位基床體積/小時和接觸 時間成反比,對出口之標本分析的結果顯示該處理在較高 溫及較低之基床體積/小時之值(較長的接觸時間)時較有效 力,此結果也顯示甲基苯弁TT夫喃之含量..可.以降低至少於 0 . 1 p p m。 貫例2 在表II”入口 "項下顯示包含許多量之丙酮醇及甲基苯幷 咳喃之纷以4.0基床體積/小時之速率通過一基床之酸性樹 脂,通過樹脂基床後採取標本及分析,結果顯示雖然經此 本紙浪尺度適用中国國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) _______丨.JP, ^ 1 ----^------—「裝------------.--T.*·旅 -·' f請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 —_ 408105 五、發明説明(2 ) 就操作的經費及資金總額的觀點來看,藉著蒸汽蒸餾以去 除甲基苯弁咳喃的方法是昂貴的,美國專利案號 3, 810,946號揭示藉由將加入藏溴酸或氫破酸之酿_加熱以 降低甲基本·并咬喃的方法,然而,以_化化合物處理導致 腐蝕的問題,其實質上增加構造材料之經費。 有需要一種有效卫經濟的方法以降低酚中甲基苯幷咬喃 的含量以獲得所欲之高純度的酚。 發明摘述 一種降低得自於異丙苯氫過氧化物之分解產物的紛中甲 基苳幷呋喃雜質之方法,其需要將驗處理以降低丙酮醇的 含量,將具低含量丙酮醇之酚與一種酸性樹脂在適當的溫 度與居留時間下接觸,藉著轉換成較高沸點之化合物的作 用以降.低甲基苯并呋喃的含量,然後將酚蒸餾以從較高滞 點之化合物中將酚分離出來,該酚可以藉已知的方法處理 ,例如以某種胺處理,以降低丙酮醇的含量,此具低含量 丙酮醇之酚係和某種強酸性的樹脂接觸以降低甲基苯弁吃 喃的含量。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 宅成本發明之最佳方法 根據本發明之方法純化所用之酚產物係得自於異丙苯氫 過氧化物分解以構成酚及丙酮爲主要產物者,其接著經過 蒸餾以去除具有較酚爲低沸點之丙酮,現在我們已經發現 ,假設在酚中沒有或存有少量的丙酮醇(羥基丙酮),另外 一種的驗雜質,例如不超過260ppm的量,不超過 2 OOppm較佳,更好的是不超過1 00 ρριη,最好的是不超 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) M规格(210><297公楚) ' —- -5- A7 B7
經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 第84104656號專利申請案在081 G 5 中文説明書再修正頁(86年2月、 五、發明説明( 過5ppm,藉由二脂或1種固態的超強酸催 化劑化合物在適當的溫度下之處理可以有效率且經濟的將 2 -及3 -甲基笨幷呋喃(集體的或個別的μ B F ) i足酚中去除, 在較高濃度丙酮醇之狀況下,本樹脂處理之效率降低而逐 漸地失去其經濟上之吸引力。 對本發明有用之強酸樹脂包含芳香磺酸族及典型地包括 續化义又結合的聚革《乙晞顆粒,此種芳香續酸樹脂在商業 上可方便購得’例如A m b e r I y s t ®1 5樹脂,一種串珠型式 的磺酸陽離子交換樹脂可向Rohm and H a as公司購得, 此外’亦可使用固態的超強酸催化劑系統,這些系統已發 展作爲取代例如用於石油醯化作業之氫氟酸的液態酸性系 統之替換物’某些得自於現存、的方法(A 1 C 13,S 6 F 5,S 〇 4 2 _ 對Zr02 或 Ti02之輔佐受質(Suppor.t'ing substrate)), 其藉著連結現存的強酸紐成至氧化物或埴類受質上以固定 酸之活性,其他是由金屬氧化物群(鎢及鉬)製造而得之更 新穎的異多元酸,在"固態的超強酸催化劑》,Makoto
Misuno and Toshi.o Okuhara,Chemtech,ll 月 1993 中討論到典型的催化劑,固態·的超強酸催化劑化合物在本 文中定義爲凡是其酸性強度大於1 0 0 %之硫酸的酸性化合 物者。 以樹脂處理之效力在樹脂本身穩定度之範圍内係隨著溫 度之增加而增加,例如在攝氏70至120度之範圍,更佳的 是在攝氏80至110度,較長的接觸時間也會更有效力但卻 增加處理之經費。酚及酸性樹脂之接觸可以藉已知之方法 本·紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注項再填寫本頁)
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ϊ; 第84104656號專利申請 中文說明書再修正頁(8 五、發明説明(4 )>二 ^•:\ Λ.. 來芫成,如將樹-脂粒和酚混在_起攪拌,或將酚灌通由酸 性樹脂所鋪成之基床,其可能是商業上較佳的選擇,在下 列的例子中説明溫度及接觸時間之效力,每小時基床體積 之單位的定義參看實例1,其對本發明來說較佳的爲^至 10,更佳的是2至6基床體積/小時,在這些範例中,當2_ 甲基苯幷呋喃存在濃度爲丨pp m或更高時,其係以傳統的 氣相色層分析法來做分杆,低於該濃度時,則使用一種非 極性,十八烷基硅烷管及波長2 5 4 n m之紫外線侦測儀執行 液相色層分析法,在與周園相同的溫度下,穩定的體積組 成爲9 0 / 1 0足甲醇/水將作爲沖提劑,2 _甲基苯幷呋喃濃度 之计其係基於訊號波峰面積對標準校正線之比較。 實例1 :、 在表I"入口 "項下顯示包含少於丨p pm之丙酮醇及許多量 之甲基笨并1ί夫喃之酚以所標明之速率及溫度通過一基床之 酸性樹脂(Amberlyst 15),基床體積是—體積之酚相對 於所使用之樹脂基床之體積,單位基床體積/小時和接觸 時間成反比,對出口之標本分析的結果顯示該處理在較高 溫及較低之基床體積/小時之值(較長的接觸時間)時較有效 力,此結果也顯示甲基苯弁TT夫喃之含量..可.以降低至少於 0 . 1 p p m。 貫例2 在表II”入口 "項下顯示包含許多量之丙酮醇及甲基苯幷 咳喃之纷以4.0基床體積/小時之速率通過一基床之酸性樹 脂,通過樹脂基床後採取標本及分析,結果顯示雖然經此 本紙浪尺度適用中国國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) _______丨.JP, ^ 1 ----^------—「裝------------.--T.*·旅 -·' f請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 408.05 A7 B7 五、發明説明( 處理去除了丙酮醇至少於1 ppm之含量,但甲基苯并呋喃 卻無法降低至少於4PPm ° 實例3 在表III中顯示包含20ppm之曱基苯并吱喃與少於1200 及500ppm之丙酮醇的酚分別在不同溫度下以4基床體積/ 小時之速率通過一基床之酸性樹脂(Amb erly st 1 5 ),通 過樹脂基床後採取標本及分析,結果顯示經由此處理丙酮 醇阻碍甲基苯并呋喃之去除且在較高溫度時更甚於此,在 500ppm之丙酮醇含量及攝氏110〇之狀況下無法去除甲基 苯幷呋喃。
表I 溫度及接觸時間對從包含少於lPpm丙酮醇之驗中去除 甲基苯并呋喃之影響 --------II (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁〕 訂 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 2基床體積/小時 4基床體積/小時 6基床體積/小時 溫度(0 C) 入口/出π 人〇/出σ 入出〇 65 20ppm/<0. lppm 23/3 24/14 80 16/<0.1 17/4 18/5 95 17/<0.1 18/<0.1 16/1.0 110 17/<0.1 16/<0.1 16/<〇,1 各紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -8 - 408105 五、發明説明(6 )
表II 丙酮醇之濃度對以4基床體積/小時通過酸性樹脂從酚中 去除甲基苯并呋喃之影響 甲基苯幷咬喃 丙酮醇 溫度C)基床 入〇/出口 入口/出口 80 20/4卯 m 250/<lppm 95 18/5 260/<1 95 18/5 250/<1 110 22/8 250/<1 116 25/11 260/<1 95 20/10 500/<1 110 25/25 500/<1
表III 溫度及丙酮醇之含量對以4基床體積/小時通過樹脂從酚 中去除甲基苯幷呋喃之影響 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 基床入口之丙鹏醇 出口之曱基苯幷吹喃 溫度 80° C 90° C 110° C <lppm 4 <0.1 <0.1 200 4 5 8 500 無作用 10 25 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 四 第841〇4656號專利中寶荇以鉍髟 中文說明書修正K(齡部 Λ5 B5 、中文發赚c 物 一種使得自異丙苯氫過氧化物之分解產物的酚中甲基苯 并呋喃(MBF)雜質減少之方法’其需要處理酚,降低丙 酮醇的含量,將含低量丙酮醇之酚與一種酸性樹脂在適當 的溫度及滯留時間下接觸’藉著轉換成較高沸點化合物的 作用以降低甲基苯并呋喃之含量’然後將酚蒸餾,從較高 沸點之化合物中將酚分離出來。該酚可以藉已知方法處 理,例如以胺處理,降低丙酮醇的含量。此含低量丙酮醇 之酿·和強酸性的樹脂接觸,障低甲基苯弁咬喃的含量。
英文發明摘要(發明之名稍 : ApR〇CESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEIHYLBENZOFURAN (MBF) IMPURITIES IN PHENOL OBTAINED FROM DECOMPOSITION PRODUCT OF CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE 經濟部令央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A process for the reduction of methylbenzofuran (MBF) impurities in phenol obtained from the decomposition product of cumene hydroperoxide requires treating the phenol to reduce the level of acetol, contacting the phenol containing a low level of acetol with an acid resin at sufScient temperature and residence time to reduce the level of MBF by conversion to higher boiling compounds, then distilling the phenol to separate phenol from higher boiling compounds. The phenol may be treated in known ways, such as by treatment with an amine, to reduce the level of acetol. The phenol containing a low level of acetol is contacted with a strong acid resin to reduce the level of MBF. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨〇父297公釐) --:--:-------1Ί 裝------訂----^--線 I{- (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再^-寫本頁各欄) 四 第841〇4656號專利中寶荇以鉍髟 中文說明書修正K(齡部 Λ5 B5 、中文發赚c 物 一種使得自異丙苯氫過氧化物之分解產物的酚中甲基苯 并呋喃(MBF)雜質減少之方法’其需要處理酚,降低丙 酮醇的含量,將含低量丙酮醇之酚與一種酸性樹脂在適當 的溫度及滯留時間下接觸’藉著轉換成較高沸點化合物的 作用以降低甲基苯并呋喃之含量’然後將酚蒸餾,從較高 沸點之化合物中將酚分離出來。該酚可以藉已知方法處 理,例如以胺處理,降低丙酮醇的含量。此含低量丙酮醇 之酿·和強酸性的樹脂接觸,障低甲基苯弁咬喃的含量。
英文發明摘要(發明之名稍 : ApR〇CESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEIHYLBENZOFURAN (MBF) IMPURITIES IN PHENOL OBTAINED FROM DECOMPOSITION PRODUCT OF CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE 經濟部令央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A process for the reduction of methylbenzofuran (MBF) impurities in phenol obtained from the decomposition product of cumene hydroperoxide requires treating the phenol to reduce the level of acetol, contacting the phenol containing a low level of acetol with an acid resin at sufScient temperature and residence time to reduce the level of MBF by conversion to higher boiling compounds, then distilling the phenol to separate phenol from higher boiling compounds. The phenol may be treated in known ways, such as by treatment with an amine, to reduce the level of acetol. The phenol containing a low level of acetol is contacted with a strong acid resin to reduce the level of MBF. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨〇父297公釐) --:--:-------1Ί 裝------訂----^--線 I{- (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再^-寫本頁各欄) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 > A5 ί ___W # "ί ____ B5 四、中文發明摘要(發明之名稱:一種減少符·自於異丙苯氫過氧化物之分解產物) 的酚中之甲墓苯并呋味(MBF)雜質之方法 一種使得自異丙苯氫過氧化物之分解產物的酚中甲基苯 并呋喃(Μ B F )雜質減少之方法,其需要處理酚,降低丙酮 醇的含量,將含低量丙酮醇之酚與一種酸性樹脂在適當的 溫度及滯留時簡下接觸,.锖著轉換成較高沸點化合物的作 用以降低甲基苯并呋喃之含量,然後將酚蒸餾,從較高沸 點之化合物中將酚分離出來。該酚可以藉已知方法處理, 例如以胺處理,降低丙酮醇的含量。此含低量丙嗣醇之齡· 和強酸性的樹脂接觸,降低甲基苯并呋喃的含量》 英文發明摘要(發明之名稱:A PROCESS FOR THE REDUCTION OF )
METHYLBENZOFURAN (MBF) IMPURITIES IN PHENOL OBTAINED FROM DECOMPOSITION PRODUCT OF CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE A process for the reduction of methylbenzofuran (MBF) impurities in phenol obtained from the decomposition product of cumene hydroperoxide requires treating the phenol to reduce the level of acetol, contacting the phenol containing a low level of acatol with an acid resin at sufficient temperature and residence time to reduce the level of MBF by conversion to higher boiling compounds, then distilling the phenol to separate phenol from higher tjoiling compounds. The phenol may be treated in known ways, such as by treatment with an amine, to reduce the level of acetol. The phenol containing a low level of acecol is contacted with a strong acid resin to reduce the level of MBF. 本紙張尺度通用tS國家標準(CNS) A4规格(2丨0 X 297公笔2)- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁各攔) ’11
Claims (1)
- 4〇8l〇5 B8 _____ C8 六、申請^ΪΗΪ — ---一-_ 1. 種減)酚中曱基苯并吱喃(mbf)雜質之方法,該紛 係得自於異丙苯氫過氧化物之分解產物,其包括” 處理酚使丙酮醇含量降至不超過26 〇ppm; · 將此含低量丙酮醇之酚和芳香系續酸樹脂或固態超強 酸催化劑化合物在適當的溫度下接觸—段適當的時間 ,經轉化成較高沸點化合物的方式來降低甲基苯幷呋 喃之含量;然後 蒸餾此酚使酚從較高沸點化合物中分離出來。 2. 根據中請專利範圍第巧之方法,其中處理盼,使丙闕 醇含量降莖不超過2〇〇ppm,然後在攝氏7〇至12〇度之 溫度下和酸性或催化劑化合物樹脂接觸β 3·根據申請專利範園第2項之方法,其中甲基苯并呋喃之 含量降至lOppm以下。’ 4. 根據申請專利範園第3項之方法,其中曱基苯幷唉喃之 含量降至lppm以下。 5. 根據申請專利範園第1項之方法,其中酚經胺處理,使 丙_醇含量降至不超過2〇〇ppm,然後在攝氏7〇至120 度之溫度下’以每小時Γ至10.基床體積之速率和樹脂基 床中之芳香系項酸樹脂接觸。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中曱基苯并咬喃之 含量降至lOppm以下。 7·根據申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中甲基苯并呋喃之 含量降至lppm以下。 8.根據申請專利範園第1項之方法,其中酚經胺處理,使 ·7λ Ϊ n ϋ I I— —l· -. .. , * - l (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ’訂 ..J 經濟部中央標準局身工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -10- 408105 A8 BS C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 丙酮醇之含量降至不超過iOpprn之含量,然後在攝氏 70至120度之溫度下,以每小時1至1〇基床體積之速率 和樹脂基床中之芳香系磺酸樹脂接觸,其中曱基苯幷 咬喃之含量降至Ippjjj以下。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中紛經胺處理,使 丙酮醇之含量降至不超過5 ppm,然後在攝氏80至11〇 度之溫度下,以每小時2至6基床體積之速率和樹脂基 床中之芳香系磺酸樹脂接觸’其中甲基苯并呋喃之含 量降至lppm以下。 用 適 度 尺 張 紙 ___,本 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印策 家 國C請先聞讀背面之注#^項再填¾1本耳j -I . ^^1 = -..... - - II —^1 --I llin— 訂·
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/254,729 US5414154A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1994-06-06 | Phenol with low levels of methylbenzofuran |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW408105B true TW408105B (en) | 2000-10-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW084104656A TW408105B (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1995-05-11 | A process for the production of methylbenzofuran (MBF) impurities in phenol obtained from decomposition product of cumene hydroperoxide |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5414154A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0764146B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2888260B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100365103B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1073070C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69511271T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2134473T3 (zh) |
| IN (1) | IN191201B (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2134681C1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW408105B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1995033703A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19951373A1 (de) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-03 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Entfernung von Verunreinigungen aus Phenol mittels zumindest eines sauren Katalysators |
| US6388144B1 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-05-14 | Sunoco, Inc. (R&M) | Method for reducing methylbenzofuran levels in high purity phenol |
| US6573408B1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-06-03 | General Electric Company | System and method for purifying cumene hydroperoxide cleavage products |
| US6576798B1 (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2003-06-10 | General Electric Company | Method and system for purifying cumene hydroperoxide cleavage products |
| RU2217409C2 (ru) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-11-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Петрофенол" | Способ и катализатор получения паракумилфенола |
| JP2005526718A (ja) * | 2002-02-08 | 2005-09-08 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | フェノールの精製方法及び触媒 |
| RU2217408C2 (ru) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-11-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Петрофенол" | Способ и катализатор очистки фенола |
| US6703530B2 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2004-03-09 | General Electric Company | Chemical reactor system and process |
| US6635789B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-10-21 | General Electric Company | Production and purification of phenol |
| US6486365B1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2002-11-26 | General Electric Company | Production and purification of phenol: hydroxyacetone removal by hydrotalcite |
| US7205442B2 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2007-04-17 | Shell Oil Company | Method of making high purity phenol |
| US7019180B2 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2006-03-28 | Shell Oil Company | Method of purifying phenol |
| US20050137429A1 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2005-06-23 | Tatake Prashant A. | Methods for purification of phenol |
| US7034192B2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2006-04-25 | Sunoco Inc. (R&M) | Method for removal of acetol from phenol |
| WO2005097720A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | General Electric Company (A New York Corporation) | Process for producing phenol |
| US7186866B1 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2007-03-06 | Sunoco, Inc. (R&M) | Process for recovery of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition products by distillation |
| EP1847523A1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2007-10-24 | INEOS Phenol GmbH & Co. KG | Method for treating phenol |
| US20070244346A1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2007-10-18 | Ineos Phenol Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for removal of hydroxyacetone from phenol |
| US7544845B2 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2009-06-09 | Ineos Phenol Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for treating phenol |
| EP1847522A1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2007-10-24 | INEOS Phenol GmbH & Co. KG | Process for removal of hydroxyacetone from phenol |
| WO2009080875A2 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Borealis Technology Oy | Recovery of organic compounds from a wastewater stream |
| JP6074902B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2017-02-08 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 精製フェノール系化合物の製造方法 |
| CN105949037B (zh) * | 2016-03-23 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种焦化粗酚精制方法 |
| KR102021114B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-24 | 2019-09-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 페놀의 정제 방법 |
| CN112079691A (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-15 | 吉化集团油脂化工有限公司 | 提升苯酚产品质量的方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE134427C (zh) * | ||||
| US3029294A (en) * | 1959-02-27 | 1962-04-10 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Purification of phenol |
| GB1108584A (en) * | 1964-08-03 | 1968-04-03 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Process for the purification of phenols |
| GB1108327A (en) * | 1964-08-05 | 1968-04-03 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Process for purifying phenols |
| GB1148907A (en) | 1965-11-26 | 1969-04-16 | Ici Ltd | Purification of phenol |
| DE1668952A1 (de) * | 1968-01-13 | 1969-11-27 | Phenolchemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Reinphenolen aus Rohphenolen,die bei der Spaltung von Hydroperoxiden alkylaromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe erhalten worden sind |
| US3692845A (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1972-09-19 | Allied Chem | Purification of phenol |
| US3810946A (en) * | 1972-11-03 | 1974-05-14 | Allied Chem | Purification of phenol |
| US4298765A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-11-03 | Allied Corporation | Purification of phenol with reduced energy consumption |
| US4857151A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1989-08-15 | The Lummus Company | Phenol purification |
| US4634796A (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1987-01-06 | Lummus Crest, Inc. | Production of high purity phenol |
| US5064507A (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1991-11-12 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Distillation process for recovery of high purity phenol |
-
1994
- 1994-06-06 US US08/254,729 patent/US5414154A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-04-28 IN IN792DE1995 patent/IN191201B/en unknown
- 1995-05-03 WO PCT/US1995/005081 patent/WO1995033703A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-05-03 JP JP8500849A patent/JP2888260B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-03 RU RU97100166A patent/RU2134681C1/ru active
- 1995-05-03 EP EP95918294A patent/EP0764146B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-03 KR KR1019960706431A patent/KR100365103B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-03 DE DE69511271T patent/DE69511271T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-03 ES ES95918294T patent/ES2134473T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-03 CN CN95193451A patent/CN1073070C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-11 TW TW084104656A patent/TW408105B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IN191201B (zh) | 2003-10-04 |
| DE69511271T2 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
| ES2134473T3 (es) | 1999-10-01 |
| DE69511271D1 (de) | 1999-09-09 |
| US5414154A (en) | 1995-05-09 |
| EP0764146B1 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
| EP0764146A1 (en) | 1997-03-26 |
| CN1073070C (zh) | 2001-10-17 |
| JPH09506636A (ja) | 1997-06-30 |
| RU2134681C1 (ru) | 1999-08-20 |
| KR970703296A (ko) | 1997-07-03 |
| CN1155879A (zh) | 1997-07-30 |
| KR100365103B1 (ko) | 2003-06-02 |
| JP2888260B2 (ja) | 1999-05-10 |
| WO1995033703A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
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